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Choudhari RC, Kaur K, Das A, Jaitak V. Synthesis, and In-silico Studies of Indole-chalcone Derivatives Targeting Estrogen Receptor Alpha (ER-α) for Breast Cancer. Curr Comput Aided Drug Des 2024; 20:640-652. [PMID: 37888813 DOI: 10.2174/0115734099263650230926053750] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2023] [Revised: 08/08/2023] [Accepted: 08/10/2023] [Indexed: 10/28/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Breast cancer is the prominent reason of death in women worldwide, and the cases are increasing day by day. There are many FDA-approved drugs for treating breast cancer. Due to drug resistance, and problems in selectivity, there is a need to develop more effective agents with few side effects. Indole derivatives have demonstrated significant pharmacological potential as anti-breast cancer agents. Further, chalcone derivatives incorporating heterocyclic scaffolds play a significant role in medicine. Indole-chalcone-based compounds offer the potential for improved biological activity and enhanced drug-like properties. It prompted us to explore the synthesis of Indole-Chalcone derivatives targeting estrogen receptor alpha (ER-α) to discover potent anti-breast cancer agents. OBJECTIVES To synthesize indole-chalcone derivatives and study their binding interactions for ER-α protein by molecular docking for breast cancer treatment. METHODS In this study, indole-chalcone derivatives have been synthesized using conventional heating. With the help of Schrodinger software, molecular interaction as well as ADME (Adsorption, Distribution, Metabolism, and Excretion) studies of the compounds were conducted. RESULTS Among all the synthesized compounds, four compounds (1, 2, 3, and 4) showed better docking scores (-10.24 kcal/mol, -10.15 kcal/mol, -9.40 kcal/mol, -9.29 kcal/mol, respectively) than the standard tamoxifen (-8.43 kcal/mol). CONCLUSION From In-silico studies, we can conclude that four compounds from the synthesized series fit into the active site of ER-α. ADME properties of synthesized derivatives were found in the acceptable range. In the future, these compounds can be further explored for biological activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rahul Charudatta Choudhari
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Natural Products, Central University of Punjab, Ghudda, Bathinda (Pb), 151401, India
| | - Kamalpreet Kaur
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Natural Products, Central University of Punjab, Ghudda, Bathinda (Pb), 151401, India
| | - Agnidipta Das
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Natural Products, Central University of Punjab, Ghudda, Bathinda (Pb), 151401, India
| | - Vikas Jaitak
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Natural Products, Central University of Punjab, Ghudda, Bathinda (Pb), 151401, India
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Khalil NA, Ahmed EM, Zaher AF, Alhamaky SM, Osama N, El-Zoghbi MS. New benzothienopyran and benzothienopyranopyrimidine derivatives as topoisomerase I inhibitors: Design, synthesis, anticancer screening, apoptosis induction and molecular modeling studies. Bioorg Chem 2023; 137:106638. [PMID: 37257374 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2023.106638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2023] [Revised: 05/15/2023] [Accepted: 05/23/2023] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
New benzothienopyran and benzothienopyranopyrimidine derivatives were synthesized based on the structural requirements of topoisomerase I inhibitors. All target compounds exhibited strong cytotoxic activity with GI50 range of 70.62 %-87.29 % in one dose NCI (USA) screening against 60 human tumor cell lines. Among the tested derivatives, eight compounds namely 4d, 4e, 4f, 5b, 5e, 6b, 6d, and 6f demonstrated broad spectrum and potent anticancer efficacy in five dose screening against all tested panels. DNA relaxation assay for the latter compounds showed that 4d, 5b, and 6f exhibited excellent inhibitory activity with IC50 range of 2.553-4.495 µM as compared to indenoisoquinoline reference drug (IC50 = 3.911 ± 0.21 µM). Moreover, the most active compounds were investigated for being topoisomerase poisons or catalytic inhibitors using DNA nicking assay. Compounds 4d and 6f were found to be potential Topo I poisons, whereas compound 5b has acted as Topo I suppressor. Analyzing cell cycle and induction of apoptosis for the most active compound 4d, revealed growth arrest at the S phase in MDA-MB-435 cells similarly to indenoisoquinoline reference drug. Additionally, in silico molecular modeling study for eight most active cytotoxic compounds in five dose screening demonstrated interaction with DNA as well as distinctive binding pattern similar to the reference indenoisoquinoline, indicating that the newly discovered targets are supposed to be promising candidates as Topo I inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nadia A Khalil
- Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Kasr El-Aini Street, Cairo 11562, Egypt.
| | - Eman M Ahmed
- Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Kasr El-Aini Street, Cairo 11562, Egypt
| | - Ashraf F Zaher
- Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Kasr El-Aini Street, Cairo 11562, Egypt
| | - Shimaa M Alhamaky
- Pharmaceutical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Menoufia University, Shibin El kom, Gamal Abd El-Nasir Street, Shibin Elkom, 32511 Menoufia, Egypt
| | - Nada Osama
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Menoufia University, Gamal Abd El Nasr st., Shibin Elkom, 32511 Menoufia, Egypt
| | - Mona S El-Zoghbi
- Pharmaceutical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Menoufia University, Shibin El kom, Gamal Abd El-Nasir Street, Shibin Elkom, 32511 Menoufia, Egypt.
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3
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Mahmoud E, Hayallah AM, Kovacic S, Abdelhamid D, Abdel-Aziz M. Recent progress in biologically active indole hybrids: a mini review. Pharmacol Rep 2022; 74:570-582. [PMID: 35594012 DOI: 10.1007/s43440-022-00370-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2022] [Revised: 04/21/2022] [Accepted: 04/25/2022] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
The indole moiety is one of the most widespread heterocycles found in both natural products and biological systems. Indoles have important biological activities including anticancer, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antifungal, anticholinesterase, and antibacterial properties. Scientists are therefore interested in the synthesis of biologically active indole-based hybrids such as indole-coumarin, indole-chalcone, indole-isatin, indole-pyrimidine and so on, with the aim of improving activity, selectivity, and mitigating side effects. This review will discuss the newly synthesized indole-based hybrids along with their biological activity which will be useful in drug discovery and development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Esraa Mahmoud
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Deraya University, Minia, Egypt
| | - Alaa M Hayallah
- Department of Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt.,Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Sphinx University, New-Assiut, Egypt
| | - Suzana Kovacic
- Department of Chemistry, Simon Fraser University, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Dalia Abdelhamid
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Minia University, Minia, Egypt.
| | - Mohamad Abdel-Aziz
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Minia University, Minia, Egypt
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4
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Target-based anticancer indole derivatives and insight into structure‒activity relationship: A mechanistic review update (2018‒2021). Acta Pharm Sin B 2022; 12:3006-3027. [PMID: 35865090 PMCID: PMC9293743 DOI: 10.1016/j.apsb.2022.03.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2021] [Revised: 01/23/2022] [Accepted: 03/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer, which is the uncontrolled growth of cells, is the second leading cause of death after heart disease. Targeting drugs, especially to specific genes and proteins involved in growth and survival of cancer cells, is the prime need of research world-wide. Indole moiety, which is a combination of aromatic-heterocyclic compounds, is a constructive scaffold for the development of novel leads. Owing to its bioavailability, high unique chemical properties and significant pharmacological behaviours, indole is considered as the most inquisitive scaffold for anticancer drug research. This is illustrated by the fact that the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has recently approved several indole-based anticancer agents such as panobinostat, alectinib, sunitinib, osimertinib, anlotinib and nintedanib for clinical use. Furthermore, hundreds of studies on the synthesis and activity of the indole ring have been published in the last three years. Taking into account the facts stated above, we have presented the most recent advances in medicinal chemistry of indole derivatives, encompassing hot articles published between 2018 and 2021 in anticancer drug research. The recent advances made towards the synthesis of promising indole-based anticancer compounds that may act via various targets such as topoisomerase, tubulin, apoptosis, aromatase, kinases, etc., have been discussed. This review also summarizes some of the recent efficient green chemical synthesis for indole rings using various catalysts for the period during 2018–2021. The review also covers the synthesis, structure‒activity relationship, and mechanism by which these leads have demonstrated improved and promising anticancer activity. Indole molecules under clinical and preclinical stages are classified into groups based on their cancer targets and presented in tabular form, along with their mechanism of action. The goal of this review article is to point the way for medicinal chemists to design and develop effective indole-based anticancer agents.
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Ahmed EM, Khalil NA, Zaher AF, Alhamaky SM, El-Zoghbi MS. Synthesis, molecular modeling and biological evaluation of new benzo[4,5]thieno[3,2-b]pyran derivatives as topoisomerase I-DNA binary complex poisons. Bioorg Chem 2021; 112:104915. [PMID: 33905973 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2021.104915] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2021] [Revised: 04/05/2021] [Accepted: 04/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
A series of new benzo[b]thiophenes 2a-f and benzo[4,5]thieno[3,2-b]pyran derivatives 3a-f and 4a-f were synthesized and their structures were confirmed by elemental analyses and spectral data. All synthesized compounds were evaluated by the National Cancer Institute (NCI, USA) against 60 human tumor cell lines. Compounds 3a-f and 4a-f showed potent cytotoxic effects in one dose assay with mean growth inhibition ranging from 62% to 80%. Six compounds 3a, 3d, 3e, 3f, 4d and 4e were selected by NCI, USA for five dose evaluation against 60 human tumor cell lines. Compounds 3a, 3d, 3e and 3f exhibited very potent and broad spectrum cytotoxicity against almost all cancer cell lines with mean concentration that yield 50% growth inhibition (MG-MID GI50) of 0.1-0.58 µM and mean concentration that produce 100% growth inhibition (MG-MID TGI) of 6.03-10.00 µM. Compounds 4d and 4e exhibited very potent and selective cytotoxic activity against MDA-MB-435 subpanel (melanoma cancer) with GI50 of 0.45 µM and 0.59 µM, respectively. The mechanism of antiproliferative activity was determined for the most active compounds 3a, 3d, 3e, 3f, 4d, and 4evia measuring their half maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) against topoisomerase I enzyme at different concentrations. Compounds 3a and 3e exhibited excellent activity compared with reference drugs with IC50 of 0.295 µM and 0.219 µM, respectively. Plasmid DNA nicking assay verified that these compounds are topoisomerase I poisons not suppressors. The active compound 3e induced a significant disruption in the cell cycle profile parallel to its effect on apoptosis induction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eman M Ahmed
- Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo, Kasr El-Aini Street, 11562, Egypt
| | - Nadia A Khalil
- Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo, Kasr El-Aini Street, 11562, Egypt.
| | - Ashraf F Zaher
- Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo, Kasr El-Aini Street, 11562, Egypt
| | - Shimaa M Alhamaky
- Pharmaceutical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Menoufia University, Shibin El kom, Gamal Abd El-Nasir Street, Menoufia, Egypt
| | - Mona S El-Zoghbi
- Pharmaceutical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Menoufia University, Shibin El kom, Gamal Abd El-Nasir Street, Menoufia, Egypt.
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Elbadawi MM, Eldehna WM, Wang W, Agama KK, Pommier Y, Abe M. Discovery of 4-alkoxy-2-aryl-6,7-dimethoxyquinolines as a new class of topoisomerase I inhibitors endowed with potent in vitro anticancer activity. Eur J Med Chem 2021; 215:113261. [PMID: 33631697 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2021.113261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2020] [Revised: 01/11/2021] [Accepted: 01/28/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
In our attempt to develop potential anticancer agents targeting Topoisomerase I (TOP1), two novel series of 4-alkoxy-2-arylquinolines 14a-p and 19a-c were designed and synthesized based on structure activity relationships of the reported TOP1 inhibitors and structural features required for stabilization of TOP1-DNA cleavage complexes (TOP1ccs). The in vitro anticancer activity of these two series of compounds was evaluated at one dose level using NCI-60 cancer cell lines panel. Compounds 14e-h and 14m-p, with p-substituted phenyl at C2 and propyl linker at C4, were the most potent and were selected for assay at five doses level in which they exhibited potent anticancer activity at sub-micromolar level against diverse cancer cell lines. Compound 14m was the most potent with full panel GI50 MG-MID 1.26 μM and the most sensitive cancers were colon cancer, leukemia and melanoma with GI50 MG-MID 0.875, 0.904 and 0.926 μM, respectively. Melanoma (LOX IMVI) was the most sensitive cell line to all tested compounds displaying GI50 from 0.116 to 0.227 μM, TGI from 0.275 to 0.592 μM and LC50 at sub-micromolar concentration against almost of the tested compounds. Compounds 14e-h and 14m-p were assayed using TOP1-mediated DNA cleavage assay to evaluate their ability to stabilize TOP1ccs resulting in cancer cell death. The morpholino analogs 14h and 14p exhibited moderate TOP1 inhibitory activity compared to 1 μM camptothecin suggesting their use as lead compounds that can be optimized for the development of more potent anticancer agents with potential TOP1 inhibitory activity. Finally, Swiss ADME online web tool predicted that compounds 14h and 14p possessed good oral bioavailability and druglikeness characteristics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mostafa M Elbadawi
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Hiroshima University, 1-3-1 Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima, Hiroshima, 739-8526, Japan; Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafrelsheikh, 33516, Egypt.
| | - Wagdy M Eldehna
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafrelsheikh, 33516, Egypt
| | - Wenjie Wang
- Developmental Therapeutics Branch & Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Keli K Agama
- Developmental Therapeutics Branch & Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Yves Pommier
- Developmental Therapeutics Branch & Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Manabu Abe
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Hiroshima University, 1-3-1 Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima, Hiroshima, 739-8526, Japan.
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Huynh TKC, Ngo KKH, Nguyen HP, Dang HK, Phung VT, Thai KM, Hoang TKD. Catalyst-free and multicomponent synthesis of 3-aminoalkylated indoles via a Mannich-type reaction: multitargeted anticancer, tyrosinase and α-glucosidase inhibitory activities. NEW J CHEM 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d1nj02536h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
3-Aminoalkylated indoles, synthesized via a multicomponent Mannich-like reaction, are evaluated for enzyme inhibition; 5e and 5f are shown to be prospective multitargeted anticancer agents, and the cytotoxic mechanism of action is demonstrated via molecular docking study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thi-Kim-Chi Huynh
- Institute of Chemical Technology – VAST, 1A Thanh Loc 29 Str., Dist. 12, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
- Graduate University of Science and Technology – VAST, 18 Hoang Quoc Viet Str., Cau Giay Dist., Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Kim-Khanh-Huy Ngo
- Ton Duc Thang University, 19 Nguyen Huu Tho Str., Dist. 7, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - Hoang-Phuc Nguyen
- Institute of Chemical Technology – VAST, 1A Thanh Loc 29 Str., Dist. 12, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
- Ton Duc Thang University, 19 Nguyen Huu Tho Str., Dist. 7, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - Hoai-Khanh Dang
- Ton Duc Thang University, 19 Nguyen Huu Tho Str., Dist. 7, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - Van-Trung Phung
- Center for Research and Technology Transfer – VAST, 18 Hoang Quoc Viet Str., Cau Giay Dist., Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Khac-Minh Thai
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Medicine and Pharmacy at Ho Chi Minh City, 41–43 Dinh Tien Hoang Str., Dist. 1, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - Thi-Kim-Dung Hoang
- Institute of Chemical Technology – VAST, 1A Thanh Loc 29 Str., Dist. 12, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
- Graduate University of Science and Technology – VAST, 18 Hoang Quoc Viet Str., Cau Giay Dist., Hanoi, Vietnam
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Guo SX, He F, Dai AL, Zhang RF, Chen SH, Wu J. Synthesis and biological activities of novel trifluoromethylpyridine amide derivatives containing sulfur moieties. RSC Adv 2020; 10:35658-35670. [PMID: 35517062 PMCID: PMC9056882 DOI: 10.1039/d0ra07301f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2020] [Accepted: 09/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
A series of trifluoromethylpyridine amide derivatives containing sulfur moieties (thioether, sulfone and sulfoxide) was designed and synthesized. Their antibacterial activities against Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae (Xoo), Ralstonia solanacearum (R. solanacearum) and insecticidal activities against P. xylostella were evaluated. Notably, the half-maximal effective concentration (EC50) value of sulfone-containing compound F10 is 83 mg L-1 against Xoo, which is better than that of commercial thiodiazole copper (97 mg L-1) and bismerthiazol (112 mg L-1). Thioether-containing compounds E1, E3, E5, E6, E10, E11 and E13 showed much higher activities against R. solanacearum with the EC50 value from 40 to 78 mg L-1, which are much lower than that of thiodiazole copper (87 mg L-1) and bismerthiazol (124 mg L-1). Generally, most of the sulfone-containing compounds and sulfoxide-containing compounds showed higher activities against Xoo than that of the corresponding thioether-containing compound, but most of the thioether-containing compounds contributed higher antibacterial activities against R. solanacearum. Furthermore, title compounds E3, E11, E24 and G2 showed good insecticidal activities of 75%, 70%, 70% and 75%, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- S X Guo
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering, Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering, Ministry of Education, Research and Development Center for Fine Chemicals, Guizhou University Huaxi District Guiyang 550025 P. R. China
| | - F He
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering, Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering, Ministry of Education, Research and Development Center for Fine Chemicals, Guizhou University Huaxi District Guiyang 550025 P. R. China
| | - A L Dai
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering, Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering, Ministry of Education, Research and Development Center for Fine Chemicals, Guizhou University Huaxi District Guiyang 550025 P. R. China
| | - R F Zhang
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering, Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering, Ministry of Education, Research and Development Center for Fine Chemicals, Guizhou University Huaxi District Guiyang 550025 P. R. China
| | - S H Chen
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering, Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering, Ministry of Education, Research and Development Center for Fine Chemicals, Guizhou University Huaxi District Guiyang 550025 P. R. China
| | - J Wu
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering, Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering, Ministry of Education, Research and Development Center for Fine Chemicals, Guizhou University Huaxi District Guiyang 550025 P. R. China
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Acar Çevik U, Sağlık BN, Osmaniye D, Levent S, Kaya Çavuşoğlu B, Karaduman AB, Atlıd Ö, Atlı Eklioğlu Ö, Kaplancıklı ZA. Synthesis, anticancer evaluation and molecular docking studies of new benzimidazole- 1,3,4-oxadiazole derivatives as human topoisomerase types I poison. J Enzyme Inhib Med Chem 2020; 35:1657-1673. [PMID: 32811204 PMCID: PMC7470102 DOI: 10.1080/14756366.2020.1806831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
In this study, some benzimidazole-oxadiazole derivatives were synthesised and tested for their in vitro anticancer activities on five cancer cell lines, including HeLa, MCF7, A549, HepG2 and C6. Their structures were elucidated by IR, 1H-NMR, 13C-NMR, 2 D-NMR and HRMS spectroscopic methods. Among all screened compounds; 5a, 5b, 5d, 5e, 5k, 5l, 5n and 5o exhibited potent selective cytotoxic activities against various tested cancer cell lines. Especially, compounds 5l and 5n exhibited the most antiproliferative activity than Hoechst 33342 and doxorubicin against HeLa cell line, with IC50 of 0.224 ± 0.011 µM and 0.205 ± 0.010 µM, respectively. Furthermore, these potent lead cytotoxic agents were evaluated in terms of their inhibition potency against Topoisomerase I and it was determined that selected compounds inhibited the Topoisomerase I. Docking studies were performed and probable interactions in the DNA-Topo I enzyme complex was determined.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ulviye Acar Çevik
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Anadolu University, Eskişehir, Turkey.,Doping and Narcotic Compounds Analysis Laboratory, Faculty of Pharmacy, Anadolu University, Eskişehir, Turkey
| | - Begüm Nurpelin Sağlık
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Anadolu University, Eskişehir, Turkey.,Doping and Narcotic Compounds Analysis Laboratory, Faculty of Pharmacy, Anadolu University, Eskişehir, Turkey
| | - Derya Osmaniye
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Anadolu University, Eskişehir, Turkey.,Doping and Narcotic Compounds Analysis Laboratory, Faculty of Pharmacy, Anadolu University, Eskişehir, Turkey
| | - Serkan Levent
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Anadolu University, Eskişehir, Turkey.,Doping and Narcotic Compounds Analysis Laboratory, Faculty of Pharmacy, Anadolu University, Eskişehir, Turkey
| | - Betül Kaya Çavuşoğlu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Zonguldak Bülent Ecevit University, Zonguldak, Turkey
| | - Abdullah Burak Karaduman
- Department of Pharmaceutical Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Anadolu University, Eskişehir, Turkey
| | - Özlem Atlıd
- Department of Pharmaceutical Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Anadolu University, Eskişehir, Turkey
| | - Özlem Atlı Eklioğlu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Anadolu University, Eskişehir, Turkey.,Doping and Narcotic Compounds Analysis Laboratory, Faculty of Pharmacy, Anadolu University, Eskişehir, Turkey
| | - Zafer Asım Kaplancıklı
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Anadolu University, Eskişehir, Turkey
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