1
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Addis P, Bali U, Baron F, Campbell A, Harborne S, Jagger L, Milne G, Pearce M, Rosethorne EM, Satchell R, Swift D, Young B, Unitt JF. Key aspects of modern GPCR drug discovery. SLAS DISCOVERY : ADVANCING LIFE SCIENCES R & D 2024; 29:1-22. [PMID: 37625784 DOI: 10.1016/j.slasd.2023.08.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2023] [Revised: 08/07/2023] [Accepted: 08/22/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023]
Abstract
G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) are the largest and most versatile cell surface receptor family with a broad repertoire of ligands and functions. We've learned an enormous amount about discovering drugs of this receptor class since the first GPCR was cloned and expressed in 1986, such that it's now well-recognized that GPCRs are the most successful target class for approved drugs. Here we take the reader through a GPCR drug discovery journey from target to the clinic, highlighting the key learnings, best practices, challenges, trends and insights on discovering drugs that ultimately modulate GPCR function therapeutically in patients. The future of GPCR drug discovery is inspiring, with more desirable drug mechanisms and new technologies enabling the delivery of better and more successful drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Phil Addis
- Bioscience, Medicinal Chemistry, Pharmacology and Protein Science Departments, Sygnature Discovery Ltd, BioCity, Pennyfoot Street, Nottingham NG1 1GR, UK
| | - Utsav Bali
- Bioscience, Medicinal Chemistry, Pharmacology and Protein Science Departments, Sygnature Discovery Ltd, BioCity, Pennyfoot Street, Nottingham NG1 1GR, UK
| | - Frank Baron
- Bioscience, Medicinal Chemistry, Pharmacology and Protein Science Departments, Sygnature Discovery Ltd, BioCity, Pennyfoot Street, Nottingham NG1 1GR, UK
| | - Adrian Campbell
- Bioscience, Medicinal Chemistry, Pharmacology and Protein Science Departments, Sygnature Discovery Ltd, BioCity, Pennyfoot Street, Nottingham NG1 1GR, UK
| | - Steven Harborne
- Bioscience, Medicinal Chemistry, Pharmacology and Protein Science Departments, Sygnature Discovery Ltd, BioCity, Pennyfoot Street, Nottingham NG1 1GR, UK
| | - Liz Jagger
- Bioscience, Medicinal Chemistry, Pharmacology and Protein Science Departments, Sygnature Discovery Ltd, BioCity, Pennyfoot Street, Nottingham NG1 1GR, UK
| | - Gavin Milne
- Bioscience, Medicinal Chemistry, Pharmacology and Protein Science Departments, Sygnature Discovery Ltd, BioCity, Pennyfoot Street, Nottingham NG1 1GR, UK
| | - Martin Pearce
- Bioscience, Medicinal Chemistry, Pharmacology and Protein Science Departments, Sygnature Discovery Ltd, BioCity, Pennyfoot Street, Nottingham NG1 1GR, UK
| | - Elizabeth M Rosethorne
- Bioscience, Medicinal Chemistry, Pharmacology and Protein Science Departments, Sygnature Discovery Ltd, BioCity, Pennyfoot Street, Nottingham NG1 1GR, UK
| | - Rupert Satchell
- Bioscience, Medicinal Chemistry, Pharmacology and Protein Science Departments, Sygnature Discovery Ltd, BioCity, Pennyfoot Street, Nottingham NG1 1GR, UK
| | - Denise Swift
- Bioscience, Medicinal Chemistry, Pharmacology and Protein Science Departments, Sygnature Discovery Ltd, BioCity, Pennyfoot Street, Nottingham NG1 1GR, UK
| | - Barbara Young
- Bioscience, Medicinal Chemistry, Pharmacology and Protein Science Departments, Sygnature Discovery Ltd, BioCity, Pennyfoot Street, Nottingham NG1 1GR, UK
| | - John F Unitt
- Bioscience, Medicinal Chemistry, Pharmacology and Protein Science Departments, Sygnature Discovery Ltd, BioCity, Pennyfoot Street, Nottingham NG1 1GR, UK.
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2
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Théroux L, Van Den Hauwe R, Trân K, Fournier J, Desgagné M, Meneboo N, Lavallée A, Fröhlich U, Côté J, Hollanders C, Longpré JM, Murza A, Marsault E, Sarret P, Boudreault PL, Ballet S. Signaling Modulation via Minimal C-Terminal Modifications of Apelin-13. ACS Pharmacol Transl Sci 2023; 6:290-305. [PMID: 36798478 PMCID: PMC9926529 DOI: 10.1021/acsptsci.2c00219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Apelin is an endogenous peptide that is involved in many diseases such as cardiovascular diseases, obesity, and cancer, which has made it an attractive target for drug discovery. Herein, we explore the penultimate and final sequence positions of [Pyr1]-apelin-13 (Ape13) via C-terminal N α-alkylated amide bonds and the introduction of positive charges, potentially targeting the allosteric sodium pocket, by assessing the binding affinity and signaling profiles at the apelin receptor (APJ). Synthetic analogues modified within this segment of Ape13 showed high affinity (K i 0.12-0.17 nM vs Ape13 K i 0.7 nM), potent Gαi1 activation (EC50 Gαi1 0.4-0.9 nM vs Ape13 EC50 1.1 nM), partial agonist behavior disfavoring β-arrestin 2 recruitment for positively charged ligands (e.g., 49 (SBL-AP-058), EC50 β-arr2 275 nM, E max 54%) and high plasma stability for N-alkyl ligands (t 1/2 > 7 h vs Ape13 t 1/2 0.5 h). Combining the benefits of the N α-alkylated amide bond with the guanidino substitution in a constrained ligand led to 63 (SBL-AP-049), which displayed increased plasma stability (t 1/2 5.3 h) and strong reduction of β-arrestin 2 signaling with partial maximal efficacy (EC50 β-arr 864 nM, E max 48%), significantly reducing the hypotensive effect in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Léa Théroux
- Département
de Pharmacologie-Physiologie, Faculté de Médecine et
des Sciences de la Santé, Université
de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Québec J1H 5N4, Canada
- Institut
de Pharmacologie de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Québec J1H 5N4, Canada
| | - Robin Van Den Hauwe
- Research
Group of Organic Chemistry, Departments of Chemistry and Bioengineering
Sciences, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Pleinlaan 2, 1050 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Kien Trân
- Département
de Pharmacologie-Physiologie, Faculté de Médecine et
des Sciences de la Santé, Université
de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Québec J1H 5N4, Canada
- Institut
de Pharmacologie de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Québec J1H 5N4, Canada
| | - Justin Fournier
- Département
de Pharmacologie-Physiologie, Faculté de Médecine et
des Sciences de la Santé, Université
de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Québec J1H 5N4, Canada
- Institut
de Pharmacologie de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Québec J1H 5N4, Canada
| | - Michael Desgagné
- Département
de Pharmacologie-Physiologie, Faculté de Médecine et
des Sciences de la Santé, Université
de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Québec J1H 5N4, Canada
- Institut
de Pharmacologie de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Québec J1H 5N4, Canada
| | - Nathan Meneboo
- Département
de Pharmacologie-Physiologie, Faculté de Médecine et
des Sciences de la Santé, Université
de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Québec J1H 5N4, Canada
- Institut
de Pharmacologie de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Québec J1H 5N4, Canada
| | - Alexis Lavallée
- Département
de Pharmacologie-Physiologie, Faculté de Médecine et
des Sciences de la Santé, Université
de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Québec J1H 5N4, Canada
- Institut
de Pharmacologie de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Québec J1H 5N4, Canada
| | - Ulrike Fröhlich
- Département
de Pharmacologie-Physiologie, Faculté de Médecine et
des Sciences de la Santé, Université
de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Québec J1H 5N4, Canada
- Institut
de Pharmacologie de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Québec J1H 5N4, Canada
| | - Jérôme Côté
- Département
de Pharmacologie-Physiologie, Faculté de Médecine et
des Sciences de la Santé, Université
de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Québec J1H 5N4, Canada
- Institut
de Pharmacologie de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Québec J1H 5N4, Canada
| | - Charlie Hollanders
- Research
Group of Organic Chemistry, Departments of Chemistry and Bioengineering
Sciences, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Pleinlaan 2, 1050 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Jean-Michel Longpré
- Département
de Pharmacologie-Physiologie, Faculté de Médecine et
des Sciences de la Santé, Université
de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Québec J1H 5N4, Canada
- Institut
de Pharmacologie de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Québec J1H 5N4, Canada
| | - Alexandre Murza
- Département
de Pharmacologie-Physiologie, Faculté de Médecine et
des Sciences de la Santé, Université
de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Québec J1H 5N4, Canada
- Institut
de Pharmacologie de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Québec J1H 5N4, Canada
| | - Eric Marsault
- Département
de Pharmacologie-Physiologie, Faculté de Médecine et
des Sciences de la Santé, Université
de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Québec J1H 5N4, Canada
- Institut
de Pharmacologie de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Québec J1H 5N4, Canada
| | - Philippe Sarret
- Département
de Pharmacologie-Physiologie, Faculté de Médecine et
des Sciences de la Santé, Université
de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Québec J1H 5N4, Canada
- Institut
de Pharmacologie de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Québec J1H 5N4, Canada
| | - Pierre-Luc Boudreault
- Département
de Pharmacologie-Physiologie, Faculté de Médecine et
des Sciences de la Santé, Université
de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Québec J1H 5N4, Canada
- Institut
de Pharmacologie de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Québec J1H 5N4, Canada
| | - Steven Ballet
- Research
Group of Organic Chemistry, Departments of Chemistry and Bioengineering
Sciences, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Pleinlaan 2, 1050 Brussels, Belgium
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3
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Narayanan S, Dai D, Vyas Devambatla RK, Albert V, Bruneau-Latour N, Vasukuttan V, Ciblat S, Rehder K, Runyon SP, Maitra R. Synthesis and characterization of an orally bioavailable small molecule agonist of the apelin receptor. Bioorg Med Chem 2022; 66:116789. [PMID: 35594649 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2022.116789] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2022] [Revised: 04/28/2022] [Accepted: 04/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
The apelin receptor (APJ) is a target for cardiovascular indications. Previously, we had identified a novel pyrazole-based agonist 1 ((S)-N-(1-(cyclobutylamino)-1-oxo-5-(piperidin-1-yl)pentan-3-yl)-1-cyclopentyl-5-(2,6-dimethoxyphenyl)-1H-pyrazole-3-carboxamide hydrochloride) of this GPCR. Systematic modification of 1 was performed to produce compounds with improved potency and ADME properties. Orally bioavailable compound 47 with favorable agonist potency (Ca2+EC50 = 24 nM, cAMPi EC50 = 6.5 nM) and pharmacokinetic properties (clearance ∼20 mL/min/kg in rats) was identified. This compound has vastly reduced brain penetration and is devoid of significant off-target liability. In summary, a potent and selective APJ agonist suitable for in vivo studies of APJ in peripheral tissues after oral administration has been identified.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanju Narayanan
- Center for Drug Discovery, RTI International, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709, USA
| | - Donghua Dai
- Sterling Pharma Solutions Limited, Sheldon Drive, Cary, NC 27513, USA
| | | | - Vincent Albert
- Paraza Pharma Inc, 7171 Frederick-Banting Montréal, QC H4S 1Z9, Canada
| | | | - Vineetha Vasukuttan
- Center for Drug Discovery, RTI International, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709, USA
| | - Stephane Ciblat
- Paraza Pharma Inc, 7171 Frederick-Banting Montréal, QC H4S 1Z9, Canada
| | - Kenneth Rehder
- Center for Drug Discovery, RTI International, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709, USA
| | - Scott P Runyon
- Center for Drug Discovery, RTI International, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709, USA.
| | - Rangan Maitra
- Center for Drug Discovery, RTI International, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709, USA.
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4
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Design and preparation of N-linked hydroxypyridine-based APJ agonists. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2022; 73:128882. [PMID: 35817293 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2022.128882] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2022] [Revised: 06/17/2022] [Accepted: 07/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Agonism of the apelin receptor (APJ) has demonstrated beneficial effects in models of heart failure. We have previously disclosed compounds such as 4, which showed good APJ agonist activity but were metabolized to the mono-demethylated, non-interconverting atropisomer metabolites. Herein, we detail the design and optimization of a novel series of N-linked APJ agonists with good potency, metabolic stability, and rat pharmacokinetic profile, which are unable to undergo the same metabolic mono-demethylation cleavage.
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5
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Goldfogel MJ, Jamison CR, Savage SA, Haley MW, Mukherjee S, Sfouggatakis C, Gujjar M, Mohan J, Rakshit S, Vaidyanathan R. Development of Two Synthetic Approaches to an APJ Receptor Agonist Containing a Tetra- ortho-Substituted Biaryl Pyridone. Org Process Res Dev 2022. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.oprd.1c00088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Matthew J. Goldfogel
- Chemical Process Development, Bristol Myers Squibb, 1 Squibb Drive, New Brunswick, New Jersey 08903, United States
| | - Christopher R. Jamison
- Chemical Process Development, Bristol Myers Squibb, 1 Squibb Drive, New Brunswick, New Jersey 08903, United States
| | - Scott A. Savage
- Chemical Process Development, Bristol Myers Squibb, 1 Squibb Drive, New Brunswick, New Jersey 08903, United States
| | - Matthew W. Haley
- Chemical Process Development, Bristol Myers Squibb, 1 Squibb Drive, New Brunswick, New Jersey 08903, United States
| | - Subha Mukherjee
- Chemical Process Development, Bristol Myers Squibb, 1 Squibb Drive, New Brunswick, New Jersey 08903, United States
| | - Chris Sfouggatakis
- Chemical Process Development, Bristol Myers Squibb, 1 Squibb Drive, New Brunswick, New Jersey 08903, United States
| | - Manjunath Gujjar
- Chemical Development and API Supply, Biocon Bristol Myers Squibb Research and Development Center, Bangalore 560 099, India
| | - Jayaraj Mohan
- Chemical Development and API Supply, Biocon Bristol Myers Squibb Research and Development Center, Bangalore 560 099, India
| | - Souvik Rakshit
- Chemical Development and API Supply, Biocon Bristol Myers Squibb Research and Development Center, Bangalore 560 099, India
| | - Rajappa Vaidyanathan
- Chemical Development and API Supply, Biocon Bristol Myers Squibb Research and Development Center, Bangalore 560 099, India
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6
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Banerjee S, Baidya SK, Ghosh B, Adhikari N, Jha T. The first report on predictive comparative ligand-based multi-QSAR modeling analysis of 4-pyrimidinone and 2-pyridinone based APJ inhibitors. NEW J CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d2nj01923j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The APJ system participates in several major disorders including cancer. A multi-QSAR modeling study on some APJ inhibitors was performed for the first time. Some potential molecules were also designed based on the QSAR study conducted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suvankar Banerjee
- Natural Science Laboratory, Division of Medicinal and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Jadavpur University, Kolkata 700032, India
| | - Sandip Kumar Baidya
- Natural Science Laboratory, Division of Medicinal and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Jadavpur University, Kolkata 700032, India
| | - Balaram Ghosh
- Epigenetic Research Laboratory, Department of Pharmacy, Birla Institute of Technology and Science-Pilani, Hyderabad Campus, Shamirpet, Hyderabad, 500078, India
| | - Nilanjan Adhikari
- Natural Science Laboratory, Division of Medicinal and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Jadavpur University, Kolkata 700032, India
| | - Tarun Jha
- Natural Science Laboratory, Division of Medicinal and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Jadavpur University, Kolkata 700032, India
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7
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de Oliveira AA, Vergara A, Wang X, Vederas JC, Oudit GY. Apelin pathway in cardiovascular, kidney, and metabolic diseases: Therapeutic role of apelin analogs and apelin receptor agonists. Peptides 2022; 147:170697. [PMID: 34801627 DOI: 10.1016/j.peptides.2021.170697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2021] [Revised: 11/12/2021] [Accepted: 11/15/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The apelin/apelin receptor (ApelinR) signal transduction pathway exerts essential biological roles, particularly in the cardiovascular system. Disturbances in the apelin/ApelinR axis are linked to vascular, heart, kidney, and metabolic disorders. Therefore, the apelinergic system has surfaced as a critical therapeutic strategy for cardiovascular diseases (including pulmonary arterial hypertension), kidney disease, insulin resistance, hyponatremia, preeclampsia, and erectile dysfunction. However, apelin peptides are susceptible to rapid degradation through endogenous peptidases, limiting their use as therapeutic tools and translational potential. These proteases include angiotensin converting enzyme 2, neutral endopeptidase, and kallikrein thereby linking the apelin pathway with other peptide systems. In this context, apelin analogs with enhanced proteolytic stability and synthetic ApelinR agonists emerged as promising pharmacological alternatives. In this review, we focus on discussing the putative roles of the apelin pathway in various physiological systems from function to dysfunction, and emphasizing the therapeutic potential of newly generated metabolically stable apelin analogs and non-peptide ApelinR agonists.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amanda A de Oliveira
- Department of Medicine, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada; Mazankowski Alberta Heart Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Ander Vergara
- Department of Medicine, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada; Mazankowski Alberta Heart Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Xiaopu Wang
- Mazankowski Alberta Heart Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada; Department of Physiology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - John C Vederas
- Department of Chemistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Gavin Y Oudit
- Department of Medicine, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada; Mazankowski Alberta Heart Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada; Department of Physiology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada.
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8
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Meng W, Pi Z, Brigance R, Rossi KA, Schumacher WA, Bostwick JS, Gargalovic PS, Onorato JM, Luk CE, Generaux CN, Wang T, Wexler RR, Finlay HJ. Identification of a Hydroxypyrimidinone Compound ( 21) as a Potent APJ Receptor Agonist for the Potential Treatment of Heart Failure. J Med Chem 2021; 64:18102-18113. [PMID: 34855405 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.1c01504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
This paper describes our continued efforts in the area of small-molecule apelin receptor agonists. Recently disclosed compound 2 showed an acceptable metabolic stability but demonstrated monodemethylation of the dimethoxyphenyl group to generate atropisomer metabolites in vitro. In this article, we extended the structure-activity relationship at the C2 position that led to the identification of potent pyrazole analogues with excellent metabolic stability. Due to the increased polarity at C2, the permeability for these compounds decreased. Further adjustment of the polarity by replacing the N1 2,6-dimethoxyphenyl group with a 2,6-diethylphenyl group and reoptimization for the potency of the C5 pyrroloamides resulted in potent compounds with improved permeability. Compound 21 displayed excellent pharmacokinetic profiles in rat, monkey, and dog models and robust pharmacodynamic efficacy in the rodent heart failure model. Compound 21 also showed an acceptable safety profile in preclinical toxicology studies and was selected as a backup development candidate for the program.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Meng
- Departments of Discovery Chemistry, Bristol Myers Squibb, P.O. Box 5400, Princeton, New Jersey 08543-5400, United States
| | - Zulan Pi
- Departments of Discovery Chemistry, Bristol Myers Squibb, P.O. Box 5400, Princeton, New Jersey 08543-5400, United States
| | - Robert Brigance
- Departments of Discovery Chemistry, Bristol Myers Squibb, P.O. Box 5400, Princeton, New Jersey 08543-5400, United States
| | - Karen A Rossi
- Computer-Assisted Drug Design, Bristol Myers Squibb, P.O. Box 5400, Princeton, New Jersey 08543-5400, United States
| | - William A Schumacher
- Cardiovascular Drug Discovery Biology, Bristol Myers Squibb, P.O. Box 5400, Princeton, New Jersey 08543-5400, United States
| | - Jeffrey S Bostwick
- Cardiovascular Drug Discovery Biology, Bristol Myers Squibb, P.O. Box 5400, Princeton, New Jersey 08543-5400, United States
| | - Peter S Gargalovic
- Cardiovascular Drug Discovery Biology, Bristol Myers Squibb, P.O. Box 5400, Princeton, New Jersey 08543-5400, United States
| | - Joelle M Onorato
- Pharmaceutical Candidate Optimization, Bristol Myers Squibb, P.O. Box 5400, Princeton, New Jersey 08543-5400, United States
| | - Chiuwa E Luk
- Pharmaceutical Candidate Optimization, Bristol Myers Squibb, P.O. Box 5400, Princeton, New Jersey 08543-5400, United States
| | - Claudia N Generaux
- Pharmaceutical Candidate Optimization, Bristol Myers Squibb, P.O. Box 5400, Princeton, New Jersey 08543-5400, United States
| | - Tao Wang
- Leads Discovery and Optimization, Research and Development, Bristol Myers Squibb, P.O. Box 5400, Princeton, New Jersey 08543-5400, United States
| | - Ruth R Wexler
- Departments of Discovery Chemistry, Bristol Myers Squibb, P.O. Box 5400, Princeton, New Jersey 08543-5400, United States
| | - Heather J Finlay
- Departments of Discovery Chemistry, Bristol Myers Squibb, P.O. Box 5400, Princeton, New Jersey 08543-5400, United States
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9
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Pi Z, Johnson JA, Meng W, Phillips M, Schumacher WA, Bostwick JS, Gargalovic PS, Onorato JM, Generaux CN, Wang T, He Y, Gordon DA, Wexler RR, Finlay HJ. Identification of 6-Hydroxypyrimidin-4(1 H)-one-3-carboxamides as Potent and Orally Active APJ Receptor Agonists. ACS Med Chem Lett 2021; 12:1766-1772. [PMID: 34795866 DOI: 10.1021/acsmedchemlett.1c00385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2021] [Accepted: 10/18/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The apelin receptor (APJ) is a significant regulator of cardiovascular function and is involved in heart failure and other cardiovascular diseases. (Pyr1)apelin-13 is one of the endogenous agonists of the APJ receptor. Administration of (Pyr1)apelin-13 increases cardiac output in preclinical models and humans. Recently we disclosed clinical lead BMS-986224 (1), a C3 oxadiazole pyridinone APJ receptor agonist with robust pharmacodynamic effects similar to (Pyr1)apelin-13 in an acute rat pressure-volume loop model. Herein we describe the structure-activity relationship of the carboxamides as oxadiazole bioisosteres at C3 of the pyridinone core and C5 of the respective pyrimidinone core. This study led to the identification of structurally differentiated 6-hydroxypyrimidin-4(1H)-one-3-carboxamide 14a with pharmacodynamic effects comparable to those of compound 1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zulan Pi
- Research and Development, Bristol Myers Squibb Company, P.O. Box 5400, Princeton, New Jersey 08543-5400, United States
| | - James A. Johnson
- Research and Development, Bristol Myers Squibb Company, P.O. Box 5400, Princeton, New Jersey 08543-5400, United States
| | - Wei Meng
- Research and Development, Bristol Myers Squibb Company, P.O. Box 5400, Princeton, New Jersey 08543-5400, United States
| | - Monique Phillips
- Research and Development, Bristol Myers Squibb Company, P.O. Box 5400, Princeton, New Jersey 08543-5400, United States
| | - William A. Schumacher
- Research and Development, Bristol Myers Squibb Company, P.O. Box 5400, Princeton, New Jersey 08543-5400, United States
| | - Jeffrey S. Bostwick
- Research and Development, Bristol Myers Squibb Company, P.O. Box 5400, Princeton, New Jersey 08543-5400, United States
| | - Peter S. Gargalovic
- Research and Development, Bristol Myers Squibb Company, P.O. Box 5400, Princeton, New Jersey 08543-5400, United States
| | - Joelle M. Onorato
- Research and Development, Bristol Myers Squibb Company, P.O. Box 5400, Princeton, New Jersey 08543-5400, United States
| | - Claudia N. Generaux
- Research and Development, Bristol Myers Squibb Company, P.O. Box 5400, Princeton, New Jersey 08543-5400, United States
| | - Tao Wang
- Research and Development, Bristol Myers Squibb Company, P.O. Box 5400, Princeton, New Jersey 08543-5400, United States
| | - Yan He
- Research and Development, Bristol Myers Squibb Company, P.O. Box 5400, Princeton, New Jersey 08543-5400, United States
| | - David A. Gordon
- Research and Development, Bristol Myers Squibb Company, P.O. Box 5400, Princeton, New Jersey 08543-5400, United States
| | - Ruth R. Wexler
- Research and Development, Bristol Myers Squibb Company, P.O. Box 5400, Princeton, New Jersey 08543-5400, United States
| | - Heather J. Finlay
- Research and Development, Bristol Myers Squibb Company, P.O. Box 5400, Princeton, New Jersey 08543-5400, United States
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10
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Johnson JA, Kim SH, Jiang J, Phillips M, Schumacher WA, Bostwick JS, Gargalovic PS, Onorato JM, Luk CE, Generaux C, He Y, Chen XQ, Xu C, Galella MA, Wang T, Gordon DA, Wexler RR, Finlay HJ. Discovery of a Hydroxypyridinone APJ Receptor Agonist as a Clinical Candidate. J Med Chem 2021; 64:3086-3099. [PMID: 33689340 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.0c01878] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Apelin-13 is an endogenous peptidic agonist of the apelin receptor (APJ) receptor with the potential for improving cardiac function in heart failure patients. However, the low plasma stability of apelin-13 necessitates continuous intravenous infusion for therapeutic use. There are several approaches to increase the stability of apelin-13 including attachment of pharmacokinetic enhancing groups, stabilized peptides, and Fc-fusion approaches. We sought a small-molecule APJ receptor agonist approach to target a compound with a pharmacokinetic profile amenable for chronic oral administration. This manuscript describes sequential optimization of the pyrimidinone series, leading to pyridinone 14, with in vitro potency equivalent to the endogenous ligand apelin-13 and with an excellent oral bioavailability and PK profile in multiple preclinical species. Compound 14 exhibited robust pharmacodynamic effects similar to apelin-13 in an acute rat pressure-volume loop model and was advanced as a clinical candidate.
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Affiliation(s)
- James A Johnson
- Bristol Myers Squibb Company, Research and Development, P.O. Box 5400, Princeton, New Jersey 08543-5400, United States
| | - Soong-Hoon Kim
- Bristol Myers Squibb Company, Research and Development, P.O. Box 5400, Princeton, New Jersey 08543-5400, United States
| | - Ji Jiang
- Bristol Myers Squibb Company, Research and Development, P.O. Box 5400, Princeton, New Jersey 08543-5400, United States
| | - Monique Phillips
- Bristol Myers Squibb Company, Research and Development, P.O. Box 5400, Princeton, New Jersey 08543-5400, United States
| | - William A Schumacher
- Bristol Myers Squibb Company, Research and Development, P.O. Box 5400, Princeton, New Jersey 08543-5400, United States
| | - Jeffrey S Bostwick
- Bristol Myers Squibb Company, Research and Development, P.O. Box 5400, Princeton, New Jersey 08543-5400, United States
| | - Peter S Gargalovic
- Bristol Myers Squibb Company, Research and Development, P.O. Box 5400, Princeton, New Jersey 08543-5400, United States
| | - Joelle M Onorato
- Bristol Myers Squibb Company, Research and Development, P.O. Box 5400, Princeton, New Jersey 08543-5400, United States
| | - Chiuwa E Luk
- Bristol Myers Squibb Company, Research and Development, P.O. Box 5400, Princeton, New Jersey 08543-5400, United States
| | - Claudia Generaux
- Bristol Myers Squibb Company, Research and Development, P.O. Box 5400, Princeton, New Jersey 08543-5400, United States
| | - Yan He
- Bristol Myers Squibb Company, Research and Development, P.O. Box 5400, Princeton, New Jersey 08543-5400, United States
| | - Xue-Qing Chen
- Bristol Myers Squibb Company, Research and Development, P.O. Box 5400, Princeton, New Jersey 08543-5400, United States
| | - Carrie Xu
- Bristol Myers Squibb Company, Research and Development, P.O. Box 5400, Princeton, New Jersey 08543-5400, United States
| | - Michael A Galella
- Bristol Myers Squibb Company, Research and Development, P.O. Box 5400, Princeton, New Jersey 08543-5400, United States
| | - Tao Wang
- Bristol Myers Squibb Company, Research and Development, P.O. Box 5400, Princeton, New Jersey 08543-5400, United States
| | - David A Gordon
- Bristol Myers Squibb Company, Research and Development, P.O. Box 5400, Princeton, New Jersey 08543-5400, United States
| | - Ruth R Wexler
- Bristol Myers Squibb Company, Research and Development, P.O. Box 5400, Princeton, New Jersey 08543-5400, United States
| | - Heather J Finlay
- Bristol Myers Squibb Company, Research and Development, P.O. Box 5400, Princeton, New Jersey 08543-5400, United States
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Advances in G protein-coupled receptor high-throughput screening. Curr Opin Biotechnol 2020; 64:210-217. [PMID: 32653805 DOI: 10.1016/j.copbio.2020.06.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2020] [Revised: 06/16/2020] [Accepted: 06/19/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) detect compounds on the cell surface and are the starting point of a number of medically relevant signaling cascades. Indeed, over 30% of FDA approved drugs target GPCRs, making them a primary target for drug discovery. Computational and experimental high-throughput screening (HTS) approaches of clinically relevant GPCRs are a first-line drug discovery effort in biomedical research. In this opinion, we review recent advances in GPCR HTS. We focus primarily on cell-based assays, and highlight recent advances in in vitro assays using purified receptors, and computational approaches for GPCR HTS. To date, GPCR HTS has led to the identification of new and repurposing of existing drugs, and the deorphanization of GPCRs with unknown ligands. As automation equipment becomes more common, GPCR HTS will move beyond a drug discovery tool to a key technology to probe basic biological processes that will have an outsized impact on personalized medicine.
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