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Butt F, Shahid M, Hassan M, Tawakkal F, Amin I, Afzal S, Bhatti R, Nawaz R, Idrees M. A review on hepatitis C virus: role of viral and host-cellular factors in replication and existing therapeutic strategies. EGYPTIAN LIVER JOURNAL 2022. [DOI: 10.1186/s43066-022-00232-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Hepatitis C virus, a member of Flaviviridae is a single-stranded positive-sense RNA virus infecting 62–79 million people around the globe. This blood-borne virus is one of the leading causes of liver diseases worldwide. This review aims to identify novel potential genes linked to cellular host factors, as well as revise the roles of each gene in hepatitis C Virus infection. This review also aims to provide a comprehensive insight into therapeutic advancements against HCV.
Methods
For this review article, 190 articles were searched via PubMed Central, Bio-One, National Academy of Science, Google Scholar, and Worldwide Science. 0ut of these 190 studies, 55 articles were selected for this review. The inclusion of articles was done on the criteria of high citation and Q1 ranking.
Results
The information gathered from previously published articles highlighted a critical link between host-cellular factors that are important for HCV infection.
Conclusion
Although many advancements in HCV treatment have been made like DAAs and HTAs, the development of a completely effective HCV therapy is still a challenge. Further research on combinations of DAAs and HTAs can help in developing a better therapeutic alternative. Keywords: Hepatitis C virus, Replication cycle, Non-structural proteins, Host-cellular factors, Treatment strategies
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Abstract
The non-immune-suppressive cyclophilin inhibitor CRV431 is a clinical candidate to cure nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) and has the potential to treat liver fibrosis and cancer incidence. Herein we report a concise chemical semisynthesis of CRV431 in four steps from the commercially available cyclosporine, featuring in this the flow-chemistry-based methylenation an intermolecular ring-closing metathesis and a Rh-catalyzed diastereoselective hydrogenation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng-Xia Li
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Oncogenomics and Laboratory of Chemical Genomics, School of Chemical Biology and Biotechnology, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Qing-Zhou Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Oncogenomics and Laboratory of Chemical Genomics, School of Chemical Biology and Biotechnology, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Shi-Jun Li
- Green Catalysis Center and College of Chemistry, Zhengzhou University, 100 Science Avenue, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, P. R. China
| | - Guang Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Oncogenomics and Laboratory of Chemical Genomics, School of Chemical Biology and Biotechnology, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Xiang-Yu Huo
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Oncogenomics and Laboratory of Chemical Genomics, School of Chemical Biology and Biotechnology, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Yu Lan
- Green Catalysis Center and College of Chemistry, Zhengzhou University, 100 Science Avenue, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, P. R. China.,School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, and Chongqing Key Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400030, P. R. China
| | - Zhen Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Oncogenomics and Laboratory of Chemical Genomics, School of Chemical Biology and Biotechnology, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School, Shenzhen 518055, China.,Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education and Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China.,Shenzhen Bay Laboratory, Shenzhen 518055, China
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