1
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Rouzi K, Altay A, Bouatia M, Yeniçeri E, Islam MS, Oulmidi A, El Karbane M, Karrouchi K. Novel isoniazid-hydrazone derivatives induce cell growth inhibition, cell cycle arrest and apoptosis via mitochondria-dependent caspase activation and PI3K/AKT inhibition. Bioorg Chem 2024; 150:107563. [PMID: 38885547 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2024.107563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2024] [Revised: 05/13/2024] [Accepted: 06/13/2024] [Indexed: 06/20/2024]
Abstract
In this study, seven isoniazid-hydrazone derivatives (3a-g) were synthesized and their structures elucidated by chromatographic techniques, and then the antiproliferative effects of these compounds on various cancer cells were tested. The advanced anticancer mechanism of the most potent compound was then investigated. Antiproliferative activities of the synthesized compounds were evaluated on human breast cancer MCF-7, lung cancer A-549, colon cancer HT-29, and non-cancerous mouse fibroblast 3T3-L1 cell lines by XTT assay. Flow cytometry analysis were carried out to determine cell cycle distribution, apoptosis, mitochondrial membrane potential, multi-caspase activity, and expression of PI3K/AKT signaling pathway. The XTT results showed that all the title molecules displayed cytotoxic activity at varying strengths in different dose ranges, and among them, the strongest cytotoxic effect and high selectivity were exerted by 3d against MCF-7 cells with the IC50 value of 11.35 µM and selectivity index of 8.65. Flow cytometry results revealed that compound 3d induced apoptosis through mitochondrial membrane disruption and multi-caspase activation in MCF-7 cells. It also inhibited the cell proliferation via inhibition of expression of PI3K/AKT and arrested the cell cycle at G0/G1 phase. In conclusion, all these data disclosed that among the synthesized compounds, 3d is notable for in vivo anticancer studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khouloud Rouzi
- Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry and Bromatology, Team of Formulation and Quality Control of Health Products, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Mohammed V University in Rabat, Morocco
| | - Ahmet Altay
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Arts and Science, Erzincan Binali Yıldırım University, 24100 Erzincan, Turkey.
| | - Mustapha Bouatia
- Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry and Bromatology, Team of Formulation and Quality Control of Health Products, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Mohammed V University in Rabat, Morocco
| | - Esma Yeniçeri
- Department of Chemistry, Institute of Science and Technology, Erzincan Binali Yıldırım University, 24002 Erzincan, Turkey
| | - Mohammad Shahidul Islam
- College of Science, Chemistry Department, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Afaf Oulmidi
- Institute of Condensed Matter and Nanosciences, Molecular Chemistry, Materials and Catalysis (IMCN/MOST), Université Catholique de Louvain, 1348 Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium
| | - Miloud El Karbane
- Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry and Bromatology, Team of Formulation and Quality Control of Health Products, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Mohammed V University in Rabat, Morocco
| | - Khalid Karrouchi
- Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry and Bromatology, Team of Formulation and Quality Control of Health Products, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Mohammed V University in Rabat, Morocco.
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2
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Mhetre UV, Haval NB, Bondle GM, Rathod SS, Choudhari PB, Kumari J, Sriram D, Haval KP. Design, synthesis and molecular docking study of novel triazole-quinazolinone hybrids as antimalarial and antitubercular agents. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2024; 108:129800. [PMID: 38763480 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2024.129800] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2024] [Revised: 05/09/2024] [Accepted: 05/15/2024] [Indexed: 05/21/2024]
Abstract
In a quest to discover new antimalarial and antitubercular drugs, we have designed and synthesized a series of novel triazole-quinazolinone hybrids. The in vitro screening of the triazole-quinazolinone hybrid entities against the plasmodium species P. falciparum offered potent antimalarial molecules 6c, 6d, 6f, 6g, 6j & 6k owing comparable activity to the reference drugs. Furthermore, the target compounds were evaluated in vitro against Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) H37Rv strain. Among the screened compounds, 6c, 6d and 6l were found to be the most active molecules with a MIC values of 19.57-40.68 μM. The cytotoxicity of the most active compounds was studied against RAW 264.7 cell line by MTT assay and no toxicity was observed. The computational study including drug likeness and ADMET profiling, DFT, and molecular docking study was done to explore the features of target molecules. The compounds 6a, 6g, and 6k exhibited highest binding affinity of -10.3 kcal/mol with docked molecular targets from M. tuberculosis. Molecular docking study indicates that all the molecules are binding to the falcipain 2 protease (PDB: 6SSZ) of the P. falciparum. Our findings indicated that these new triazole-quinazolinone hybrids may be considered hit molecules for further optimization studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Udhav V Mhetre
- Department of Chemistry, Dr. Babasaheb Ambedkar Marathwada University SubCampus, Osmanabad 413501, MS, India
| | - Nitin B Haval
- Department of Chemistry, Dr. Babasaheb Ambedkar Marathwada University, Aurangabad 431004, MS, India
| | - Giribala M Bondle
- Department of Chemistry, Dr. Babasaheb Ambedkar Marathwada University, Aurangabad 431004, MS, India
| | - Sanket S Rathod
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Bharati Vidyapeeth College of Pharmacy, Kolhapur 416013, MS, India
| | - Prafulla B Choudhari
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Bharati Vidyapeeth College of Pharmacy, Kolhapur 416013, MS, India
| | - Jyothi Kumari
- Department of Pharmacy, Birla Institute of Technology and Science-Pilani, Hyderabad Campus, Jawahar Nagar, Shameerpet Mandal, R. R. District, Hyderabad 500078, India
| | - Dharmarajan Sriram
- Department of Pharmacy, Birla Institute of Technology and Science-Pilani, Hyderabad Campus, Jawahar Nagar, Shameerpet Mandal, R. R. District, Hyderabad 500078, India
| | - Kishan P Haval
- Department of Chemistry, Dr. Babasaheb Ambedkar Marathwada University SubCampus, Osmanabad 413501, MS, India.
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3
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Vasanthan RJ, Pradhan S, Thangamuthu MD. Emerging Aspects of Triazole in Organic Synthesis: Exploring its Potential as a Gelator. Curr Org Synth 2024; 21:456-512. [PMID: 36221871 DOI: 10.2174/1570179420666221010094531] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2022] [Revised: 09/06/2022] [Accepted: 09/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Cu(I)-catalyzed azide-alkyne 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition (CuAAC) - commonly known as the "click reaction" - serves as the most effective and highly reliable tool for facile construction of simple to complex designs at the molecular level. It relates to the formation of carbon heteroatomic systems by joining or clicking small molecular pieces together with the help of various organic reactions such as cycloaddition, conjugate addition, ring-opening, etc. Such dynamic strategy results in the generation of triazole and its derivatives from azides and alkynes with three nitrogen atoms in the five-membered aromatic azole ring that often forms gel-assembled structures having gelating properties. These scaffolds have led to prominent applications in designing advanced soft materials, 3D printing, ion sensing, drug delivery, photonics, separation, and purification. In this review, we mainly emphasize the different mechanistic aspects of triazole formation, which includes the synthesis of sugar-based and non-sugar-based triazoles, and their gel applications reported in the literature for the past ten years, as well as the upcoming scope in different branches of applied sciences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rabecca Jenifer Vasanthan
- Department of Chemistry, School of Basic and Applied Sciences, Central University of Tamil Nadu (CUTN), Thiruvarur, 610 005, India
| | - Sheersha Pradhan
- Department of Chemistry, School of Basic and Applied Sciences, Central University of Tamil Nadu (CUTN), Thiruvarur, 610 005, India
| | - Mohan Das Thangamuthu
- Department of Chemistry, School of Basic and Applied Sciences, Central University of Tamil Nadu (CUTN), Thiruvarur, 610 005, India
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4
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Bakale RD, Sulakhe SM, Kasare SL, Sathe BP, Rathod SS, Choudhari PB, Madhu Rekha E, Sriram D, Haval KP. Design, synthesis and antitubercular assessment of 1, 2, 3-triazole incorporated thiazolylcarboxylate derivatives. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2024; 97:129551. [PMID: 37979730 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2023.129551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2023] [Revised: 10/20/2023] [Accepted: 11/09/2023] [Indexed: 11/20/2023]
Abstract
A library of 1, 2, 3-triazole incorporated thiazolylcarboxylate derivatives (7a-q) and (8a-j) were synthesized and evaluated for their in-vitro antitubercular activity against Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37Rv. The two compounds 7h and 8h have displayed excellent antitubercular activity with MIC values of 3.12 and 1.56 µg/mL respectively (MIC values of standard drugs; Ciprofloxacin 1.56 μg/mL & Ethambutol 3.12 μg/mL). Whereas, the four compounds 7i, 7n, 7p and 8i displayed noticeable antitubercular activity with a MIC value of 6.25 µg/mL. The active compounds of the series were further studied for their cytotoxicity against RAW264.7 cell line using MTT assay. Furthermore, to study the probable mechanism of antitubercular action, physicochemical property profiling, DFT calculation and molecular docking study were executed on mycobacterial cell wall target Decaprenylphosphoryl-β-d-ribose 2'-epimerase 1 (DprE1). Among all the compounds, 7h (-10 kcal/mol) and 8h (-10.1 kcal/mol) exerted the highest negative binding affinity against the targeted DprE1 (PDB: 4NCR) protein.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rajubai D Bakale
- Department of Chemistry, Dr. Babasaheb Ambedkar Marathwada University SubCampus, Osmanabad 413501, MS, India
| | - Shubham M Sulakhe
- Department of Chemistry, Dr. Babasaheb Ambedkar Marathwada University SubCampus, Osmanabad 413501, MS, India
| | - Sanghratna L Kasare
- Department of Chemistry, Dr. Babasaheb Ambedkar Marathwada University SubCampus, Osmanabad 413501, MS, India
| | - Bhaurao P Sathe
- Department of Chemistry, Dr. Babasaheb Ambedkar Marathwada University SubCampus, Osmanabad 413501, MS, India
| | - Sanket S Rathod
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Bharati Vidyapeeth College of Pharmacy, Kolhapur 416013, MS, India
| | - Prafulla B Choudhari
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Bharati Vidyapeeth College of Pharmacy, Kolhapur 416013, MS, India
| | - Estharla Madhu Rekha
- Department of Pharmacy, Birla Institute of Technology and Science-Pilani, Hyderabad Campus, Jawahar Nagar, Shameerpet Mandal, R. R. District, Hyderabad 500078, India
| | - Dharmarajan Sriram
- Department of Pharmacy, Birla Institute of Technology and Science-Pilani, Hyderabad Campus, Jawahar Nagar, Shameerpet Mandal, R. R. District, Hyderabad 500078, India
| | - Kishan P Haval
- Department of Chemistry, Dr. Babasaheb Ambedkar Marathwada University SubCampus, Osmanabad 413501, MS, India.
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5
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Ullah A, Rohman N, Ardiansah B, Cahyana AH, Almehizia AA. A convenient method for the construction of triazole-bonded chalcone derivatives from acetophenone: Synthesis and free radical scavenging investigation. MethodsX 2023; 11:102322. [PMID: 37608958 PMCID: PMC10440577 DOI: 10.1016/j.mex.2023.102322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2023] [Accepted: 08/07/2023] [Indexed: 08/24/2023] Open
Abstract
The substituted 1,2,3-triazole core is prevalent in numerous commercially available drugs utilized for a wide range of clinical applications. Simultaneously, chalcone represents a privileged framework discovered in natural products exhibiting intriguing bioactivities. In this study, we synthesized triazole-bonded chalcone compounds (4ax-4by), starting from a simple aromatic ketone, acetophenone, which underwent aldol condensation to give hydroxychalcone intermediate. In the second step, the hydroxyl group of chalcone compound was adducted with propargyl moiety through propargylation reaction. Then, the propargylated products underwent smooth copper-mediated azide-alkyne cyclization to give the triazole-bonded chalcones as the final products. They were characterized by IR, NMR and HRMS, and evaluated their radical scavenging activity against 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH). Among the tested products, compound 4by was denoted as the most potent derivative which can inhibit DPPH radical in 91.62 ± 0.10% at 500 ppm.•Acetophenone as a simple ketone was modified to triazole-bonded chalcones.•Modification was performed through three steps reaction.•Final products exhibited free radical scavenging activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Atta Ullah
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Indonesia, Depok 16424, Indonesia
| | - Nur Rohman
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Indonesia, Depok 16424, Indonesia
| | - Bayu Ardiansah
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Indonesia, Depok 16424, Indonesia
| | - Antonius Herry Cahyana
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Indonesia, Depok 16424, Indonesia
| | - Abdulrahman A. Almehizia
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
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6
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Khetmalis YM, Sangeetha GP, Chandu A, Swati, Murugesan S, Sharma V, Kumar MM, Kondapalli VG. Design, synthesis and biological evaluation of novel oxindole analogs as antitubercular agents. Future Med Chem 2023; 15:1323-1342. [PMID: 37610851 DOI: 10.4155/fmc-2023-0066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Aim: To design, synthesize and evaluate oxindole derivatives for antitubercular activity. Methodology: We synthesized the derivatives, confirmed their structures by 1H/13C NMR and mass spectrometry, and evaluated them for antitubercular activity against Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37Rv strain using the microplate alamarBlue™ assay. Results: Among all the synthesized derivatives, OXN-1, -3 and -7 exhibited excellent antitubercular activity (minimum inhibitory concentration [MIC]: 0.78 μg/ml). Compounds with a MIC ≤1.56 were tested for cytotoxicity against human embryonic kidney cells and were found to be relatively nontoxic. Molecular docking analysis of OXN-1, -3 and -7 was performed to determine their binding patterns at the active site of DNA topoisomerase II (PDB-5BS8). In drug combination studies, OXN-1, 3 and 7 showed synergism with isoniazid. Conclusion: The obtained results reveal that oxindole derivatives exhibit potent antitubercular activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yogesh M Khetmalis
- Department of Chemistry, Birla Institute of Technology & Science, Pilani, Hyderabad Campus, Jawahar Nagar, Kapra Mandal, Hyderabad, Telangana, 500078, India
| | - Guruvelli Pv Sangeetha
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Andhra University, Visakhapatnam, Andhra Pradesh, 530003, India
| | - Ala Chandu
- Department of Pharmacy, Medicinal Chemistry Research Laboratory, Birla Institute of Technology & Science Pilani, Pilani Campus, Pilani, Rajasthan, 333031, India
| | - Swati
- Department of Biological Sciences, Birla Institute of Technology & Science, Pilani, Hyderabad Campus, Jawahar Nagar, Hyderabad, Telangana, 500078, India
| | - Sankaranarayanan Murugesan
- Department of Pharmacy, Medicinal Chemistry Research Laboratory, Birla Institute of Technology & Science Pilani, Pilani Campus, Pilani, Rajasthan, 333031, India
| | - Vivek Sharma
- Department of Biological Sciences, Birla Institute of Technology & Science, Pilani, Hyderabad Campus, Jawahar Nagar, Hyderabad, Telangana, 500078, India
| | - Muthyala Mk Kumar
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Andhra University, Visakhapatnam, Andhra Pradesh, 530003, India
| | - Venkata Gcs Kondapalli
- Department of Chemistry, Birla Institute of Technology & Science, Pilani, Hyderabad Campus, Jawahar Nagar, Kapra Mandal, Hyderabad, Telangana, 500078, India
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7
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Isonicotinoyl-butanoic acid hydrazone derivatives as anti-tubercular agents: In-silico studies, synthesis, spectral characterization and biological evaluation. Med Chem Res 2023. [DOI: 10.1007/s00044-023-03039-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/06/2023]
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8
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Gavadia R, Rasgania J, Basil MV, Chauhan V, Kumar S, Jakhar K. Synthesis of Isoniazid analogs with Promising Antituberculosis Activity and Bioavailability: Biological Evaluation and Computational Studies. J Mol Struct 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2023.135325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/12/2023]
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9
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El-Shoukrofy MS, Atta A, Fahmy S, Sriram D, Mahran MA, Labouta IM. New tetrahydropyrimidine-1,2,3-triazole clubbed compounds: Antitubercular activity and Thymidine Monophosphate Kinase (TMPKmt) inhibition. Bioorg Chem 2023; 131:106312. [PMID: 36528922 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2022.106312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2022] [Revised: 11/15/2022] [Accepted: 12/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Two series of new tetrahydropyrimidine (THPM)-1,2,3-triazole clubbed compounds were designed, synthesized and screened for their antitubercular (anti-TB) activity against M. tuberculosis H37Rv strain using microplate alamar blue assay (MABA). The most active compounds 5c, 5d, 5e and 5f were further examined for their cytotoxicity against the growth of RAW 264.7 mouse macrophage cells using MTT assay. The four compounds showed safety profiles better than or comparable to that of ethambutol (EMB). These compounds were evaluated for their inhibition activity against mycobacterium tuberculosis thymidine monophosphate kinase (TMPKmt). Compounds 5c and 5e were the most potent exhibiting comparable inhibition activity to that of the natural substrate deoxythymidine monophosphate (dTMP). An in silico study was performed including docking of the most active compounds 5c and 5e into the TMPKmt (PDB: ID 1G3U) binding pocket in addition to prediction of their physicochemical and pharmacokinetic properties to explore the overall activity of these anti-TB candidates. Compounds 5c and 5e are promising anti-TB agents and TMPKmt inhibitors with acceptable oral bioavailability, physicochemical and pharmacokinetic properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mai S El-Shoukrofy
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Alexandria University, 21521 Alexandria, Egypt.
| | - Amal Atta
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Alexandria University, 21521 Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Salwa Fahmy
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Alexandria University, 21521 Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Dharmarajan Sriram
- Medicinal Chemistry Research Laboratory, Pharmacy Group, Birla Institute of Technology and Science, Pilani 33031, India
| | - Mona A Mahran
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Alexandria University, 21521 Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Ibrahim M Labouta
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Alexandria University, 21521 Alexandria, Egypt
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10
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Sethiya A, Joshi D, Manhas A, Sahiba N, Agarwal DK, Jha PC, Agarwal S. Glycerol based carbon sulfonic acid catalyzed synthesis, in silico studies and in vitro biological evaluation of isonicotinohydrazide derivatives as potent antimicrobial and anti-tubercular agents. Heliyon 2023; 9:e13226. [PMID: 36785822 PMCID: PMC9918772 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e13226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2022] [Revised: 01/19/2023] [Accepted: 01/20/2023] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
The present pathway involves synthesis of isonicotinohydrazide derivatives using isoniazid and diversely substituted aldehydes in the presence of EtOH and catalytic amount of glycerol based carbon sulfonic acid catalyst. The developed pathway has so many merits like excellent yields (91-98%), short reaction time (4-10 min), easy reaction set up, no need of column chromatography, large substrate scope, easily recyclable and reusable catalyst. The synthesized compounds were screened for antimicrobial and anti-tubercular activity and it was observed that compounds possessed high biological potency against the Gram positive and Gram negative bacterial and fungal strains. Regarding anti-tubercular activity, compound 3m exhibited high % inhibition against Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37RV strain. Based on the outcome of in vitro studies, all the synthesized compounds were docked against E. coli (1KZN), C. albicans (1IYL), and M. tuberculosis H 37 Rv strain (2NSD). The synthesized derivatives were docked within the binding site of 1KZN, and 1IYL. However, with 2NSD, apart from 3h, all the derivatives displayed interaction within the binding cavity of the protein. All the crucial interactions with Asn46, Asp73, and Arg136 in 1KZN, His227, Leu451 in 1IYL, and Tyr158 in 2NSD were witnessed in the top-scored docked candidates. Molecular docking studies revealed the importance of the substitution at R position on isonicotinohydrazide scaffold. The nitrogen atoms of hydrazide moiety were involved in forming hydrogen bonding with the active site amino acids, and the substitution at the R position occupy the hydrophobic position in the binding pocket. Also, the functional groups present on the substituted R position were involved in forming hydrogen bonding with the crucial active site residues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayushi Sethiya
- Synthetic Organic Chemistry Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, MLSU, Udaipur, Raj., India
| | - Deepkumar Joshi
- Department of Chemistry, M.N. Sheth Science College, HNGU, Patan, Gujarat, India
| | - Anu Manhas
- Department of Chemistry, Pandit Deendayal Energy University, Gandhinagar-382007, Gujarat, India
| | - Nusrat Sahiba
- Synthetic Organic Chemistry Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, MLSU, Udaipur, Raj., India
| | - Dinesh K. Agarwal
- VenkateshwarInsitute of Pharmacy, Sai Tirupati University, Udaipur, Rajasthan, India
| | - Prakash C. Jha
- School of Applied Material Sciences, Central University of Gujarat, Gandhinagar-382030, Gujarat, India
| | - Shikha Agarwal
- Synthetic Organic Chemistry Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, MLSU, Udaipur, Raj., India,Corresponding author.
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11
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Khayrullaev G, Torambetov B, Kadirova S, Vaksler Y. The crystal structure of 3,3′-disulfanediyldi(1 H-1,2,4-triazol-5-amine) monohydrate, C 4H 8N 8OS 2. Z KRIST-NEW CRYST ST 2022. [DOI: 10.1515/ncrs-2022-0519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
C4H8N8OS2, triclinic,
P
1
‾
$P\overline{1}$
(no. 2), a = 7.4377(5) Å, b = 7.5032(5) Å, c = 10.0964(6) Å, α = 91.481(5)°, β = 108.906(5)°, γ = 110.678(6)°, V = 492.41(6) Å3, Z = 2, Rgt
(F) = 0.0653, wRref
(F
2) = 0.1888, T = 293 (2) K.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giyosiddin Khayrullaev
- National University of Uzbekistan Named After Mirzo Ulugbek , 4 University Street , Tashkent , 100174 , Uzbekistan
| | - Batirbay Torambetov
- National University of Uzbekistan Named After Mirzo Ulugbek , 4 University Street , Tashkent , 100174 , Uzbekistan
| | - Shakhnoza Kadirova
- National University of Uzbekistan Named After Mirzo Ulugbek , 4 University Street , Tashkent , 100174 , Uzbekistan
| | - Yevhenii Vaksler
- SSI Institute for Single Crystals, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine , 60 Nauky Ave , Kharkiv , 61001 , Ukraine
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12
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Synthesis, antimicrobial, and antioxidant activities of disubstituted 1,2,3-triazoles with amide-hydroxyl functionality. Med Chem Res 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s00044-022-02993-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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13
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Albelwi FF, Abdu Mansour HM, Elshatanofy MM, El Kilany Y, Kandeel K, Elwakil BH, Hagar M, Aouad MR, El Ashry ESH, Rezki N, El Sawy MA. Design, Synthesis and Molecular Docking of Novel Acetophenone-1,2,3-Triazoles Containing Compounds as Potent Enoyl-Acyl Carrier Protein Reductase (InhA) Inhibitors. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2022; 15:ph15070799. [PMID: 35890098 PMCID: PMC9316523 DOI: 10.3390/ph15070799] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2022] [Revised: 06/03/2022] [Accepted: 06/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
New medications are desperately needed to combat rising drug resistance among tuberculosis (TB) patients. New agents should ideally work through unique targets to avoid being hampered by preexisting clinical resistance to existing treatments. The enoyl-acyl carrier protein reductase InhA of M. tuberculosis is one of the most crucial targets since it is a promising target that has undergone extensive research for anti-tuberculosis drug development. A well-known scaffold for a variety of biological activities, including antitubercular activity, is the molecular linkage of a1,2,3-triazole with an acetamide group. As a result, in the current study, which was aided by ligand-based molecular modeling investigations, 1,2,3-triazolesweredesigned and synthesized adopting the CuAAC aided cycloaddition of 1-(4-(prop-2-yn-1-yloxy)phenyl)ethanone with appropriate acetamide azides. Standard spectroscopic methods were used to characterize the newly synthesized compounds. In vitro testing of the proposed compounds against the InhA enzyme was performed. All the synthesized inhibitors completely inhibited the InhA enzyme at a concentration of 10 µM that exceeded Rifampicin in terms of activity. Compounds 9, 10, and 14 were the most promising InhA inhibitors, with IC50 values of 0.005, 0.008, and 0.002 µM, respectively. To promote antitubercular action and investigate the binding manner of the screened compounds with the target InhA enzyme’s binding site, a molecular docking study was conducted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fawzia Faleh Albelwi
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Taibah University, Al-Madinah Al-Munawarah 30002, Saudi Arabia; (F.F.A.); (H.M.A.M.); (M.R.A.)
| | - Hanaa M. Abdu Mansour
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Taibah University, Al-Madinah Al-Munawarah 30002, Saudi Arabia; (F.F.A.); (H.M.A.M.); (M.R.A.)
| | - Maram M. Elshatanofy
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Alexandria University, Alexandria 21321, Egypt; (M.M.E.); (Y.E.K.); (M.H.); (E.S.H.E.A.)
| | - Yeldez El Kilany
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Alexandria University, Alexandria 21321, Egypt; (M.M.E.); (Y.E.K.); (M.H.); (E.S.H.E.A.)
| | - Kamal Kandeel
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Alexandria University, Moharam Beik, Alexandria 21547, Egypt;
| | - Bassma H. Elwakil
- Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, Faculty of Applied Health Sciences Technology, Pharos University in Alexandria, Alexandria 21311, Egypt;
| | - Mohamed Hagar
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Alexandria University, Alexandria 21321, Egypt; (M.M.E.); (Y.E.K.); (M.H.); (E.S.H.E.A.)
| | - Mohamed Reda Aouad
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Taibah University, Al-Madinah Al-Munawarah 30002, Saudi Arabia; (F.F.A.); (H.M.A.M.); (M.R.A.)
| | - El Sayed H. El Ashry
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Alexandria University, Alexandria 21321, Egypt; (M.M.E.); (Y.E.K.); (M.H.); (E.S.H.E.A.)
| | - Nadjet Rezki
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Taibah University, Al-Madinah Al-Munawarah 30002, Saudi Arabia; (F.F.A.); (H.M.A.M.); (M.R.A.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Maged A. El Sawy
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Pharos University, Alexandria 21311, Egypt;
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Al-Qahtani SD, Snari RM, Bayazeed A, Alnoman RB, Hossan A, Alsoliemy A, El-Metwaly NM. Synthesis, characterization and self-assembly of novel fluorescent alkoxy-substituted 1, 4-diarylated 1, 2, 3-triazoles organogelators. ARAB J CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.arabjc.2022.103874] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
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15
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Emerging impact of triazoles as anti-tubercular agent. Eur J Med Chem 2022; 238:114454. [PMID: 35597009 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2022.114454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2021] [Revised: 05/04/2022] [Accepted: 05/08/2022] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Tuberculosis, a disease of poverty is a communicable infection with a reasonably high mortality rate worldwide. 10 Million new cases of TB were reported with approx 1.4 million deaths in the year 2019. Due to the growing number of drug-sensitive and drug-resistant tuberculosis cases, there is a vital need to develop new and effective candidates useful to combat this deadly disease. Despite tremendous efforts to identify a mechanism-based novel antitubercular agent, only a few have entered into clinical trials in the last six decades. In recent years, triazoles have been well explored as the most valuable scaffolds in drug discovery and development. Triazole framework possesses favorable properties like hydrogen bonding, moderate dipole moment, enhanced water solubility, and also the ability to bind effectively with biomolecular targets of M. tuberculosis and therefore this scaffold displayed excellent potency against TB. This review is an endeavor to summarize an up-to-date innovation of triazole-appended hybrids during the last 10 years having potential in vitro and in vivo antitubercular activity with structure activity relationship analysis. This review may help medicinal chemists to explore the triazole scaffolds for the rational design of potent drug candidates having better efficacy, improved selectivity and minimal toxicity so that these hybrid NCEs can effectively be explored as potential lead to fight against M. tuberculosis.
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Ozukanar O, Talinli N, Kumbaraci V. The Synthesis of New Triazole‐Linked Supramolecules Based on Bis‐[1,3]‐Naphthodioxocines. ChemistrySelect 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.202200652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ozge Ozukanar
- Department of Chemistry Istanbul Technical University Maslak 34469 Istanbul Turkey
| | - Naciye Talinli
- Department of Chemistry Istanbul Technical University Maslak 34469 Istanbul Turkey
| | - Volkan Kumbaraci
- Department of Chemistry Istanbul Technical University Maslak 34469 Istanbul Turkey
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17
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Recent advancements and developments in search of anti-tuberculosis agents: A quinquennial update and future directions. J Mol Struct 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2021.131473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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18
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Abuelizz HA, Al-Salahi R. An overview of triazoloquinazolines: Pharmacological significance and recent developments. Bioorg Chem 2021; 115:105263. [PMID: 34426148 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2021.105263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2021] [Revised: 07/14/2021] [Accepted: 08/07/2021] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Nitrogen heterocyclic rings have participated to constitute most of the drugs and several pharmacologically related compounds. The existence of such hetero atoms/groups in heterocyclic systems privileged specificities in their biological objectives. Particularly, quinazoline and triazole are biologically imperative platforms known to be linked with various pharmacological activities. Some of the prominent pharmacological responses ascribed to these systems are analgesic, antiinflammatory, anticonvulsant, hypnotic, antihistaminic, antihypertensive, anticancer, antimicrobial, antitubercular, antiviral and antimalarial activities. This diversity in the pharmacological outputs for both triazole and quinazoline systems has encouraged the medicinal chemistry researchers to create several chemical routes aiming at the incorporation of two rings in one molecule named triazoloquinazoline system. This system has shown multiple potential activities against numerous targets. Correlation the specific structural features of triazoloquinazoline system with its pharmacological purposes has successively been achieved by performing several pharmacological examinations and structure-activity relationship studies. The development of triazoloquinazoline derivatives and the understanding of their pharmacological targets offer opportunities for novel therapeutics. This review mainly emphases on the medicinal chemistry aspects of triazoloquinazolines including synthesis, reactivity, biological activity and structure activity relationship studies (SARs). Moreover, this review collates literature reported by researchers on triazoquinazolines and provides detailed attention on their analogs pharmacological activities in the perspective of drug development and discovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hatem A Abuelizz
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, PO Box 2457, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Rashad Al-Salahi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, PO Box 2457, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia.
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Knoll KE, Lindeque Z, Adeniji AA, Oosthuizen CB, Lall N, Loots DT. Elucidating the Antimycobacterial Mechanism of Action of Ciprofloxacin Using Metabolomics. Microorganisms 2021; 9:microorganisms9061158. [PMID: 34071153 PMCID: PMC8228629 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms9061158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2021] [Revised: 05/12/2021] [Accepted: 05/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
In the interest of developing more effective and safer anti-tuberculosis drugs, we used a GCxGC-TOF-MS metabolomics research approach to investigate and compare the metabolic profiles of Mtb in the presence and absence of ciprofloxacin. The metabolites that best describe the differences between the compared groups were identified as markers characterizing the changes induced by ciprofloxacin. Malic acid was ranked as the most significantly altered metabolite marker induced by ciprofloxacin, indicative of an inhibition of the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) and glyoxylate cycle of Mtb. The altered fatty acid, myo-inositol, and triacylglycerol metabolism seen in this group supports previous observations of ciprofloxacin action on the Mtb cell wall. Furthermore, the altered pentose phosphate intermediates, glycerol metabolism markers, glucose accumulation, as well as the reduction in the glucogenic amino acids specifically, indicate a flux toward DNA (as well as cell wall) repair, also supporting previous findings of DNA damage caused by ciprofloxacin. This study further provides insights useful for designing network whole-system strategies for the identification of possible modes of action of various drugs and possibly adaptations by Mtb resulting in resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kirsten E. Knoll
- Department of Human Metabolomics, North-West University, Private Bag x6001, Box 269, Potchefstroom 2531, South Africa; (K.E.K.); (Z.L.); (A.A.A.)
| | - Zander Lindeque
- Department of Human Metabolomics, North-West University, Private Bag x6001, Box 269, Potchefstroom 2531, South Africa; (K.E.K.); (Z.L.); (A.A.A.)
| | - Adetomiwa A. Adeniji
- Department of Human Metabolomics, North-West University, Private Bag x6001, Box 269, Potchefstroom 2531, South Africa; (K.E.K.); (Z.L.); (A.A.A.)
| | - Carel B. Oosthuizen
- Department of Plant and Soil Sciences, Faculty of Natural and Agricultural Sciences, University of Pretoria, Pretoria 0002, South Africa; (C.B.O.); (N.L.)
| | - Namrita Lall
- Department of Plant and Soil Sciences, Faculty of Natural and Agricultural Sciences, University of Pretoria, Pretoria 0002, South Africa; (C.B.O.); (N.L.)
- School of Natural Resources, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, USA
| | - Du Toit Loots
- Department of Human Metabolomics, North-West University, Private Bag x6001, Box 269, Potchefstroom 2531, South Africa; (K.E.K.); (Z.L.); (A.A.A.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +27-(0)18-299-1818
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Arshad M, Khan MS, Nami SAA. Norfloxacin Analogues: Drug Likeness, Synthesis, Biological, and Molecular Docking Assessment. RUSSIAN JOURNAL OF BIOORGANIC CHEMISTRY 2021. [DOI: 10.1134/s1068162021020047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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21
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Triazole-containing hybrids with anti- Mycobacterium tuberculosis potential - Part I: 1,2,3-Triazole. Future Med Chem 2021; 13:643-662. [PMID: 33619989 DOI: 10.4155/fmc-2020-0301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Tuberculosis regimens currently applied in clinical practice require months of multidrug therapy, which imposes a major challenge of patient compliance and drug resistance development. Moreover, because of the increasing emergence of hard-to-treat tuberculosis, this disease continues to be a significant threat to the human population. 1,2,3-triazole as a privileged structure has been widely used as an effective template for drug discovery, and 1,2,3-triazole-containing hybrids that can simultaneously act on dual or multiple targets in Mycobacterium tuberculosis have the potential to circumvent drug resistance, enhance efficacy, reduce side effects and improve pharmacokinetic as well as pharmacodynamic profiles. Thus, 1,2,3-triazole-containing hybrids are useful scaffolds for the development of antitubercular agents. This review aims to highlight recent advances of 1,2,3-triazole-containing hybrids with potential activity against various forms of M. tuberculosis, covering articles published between 2015 and 2020. The structure-activity relationship and the mechanism of action are also discussed to facilitate further rational design of more effective drug candidates.
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Al-Khattaf FS, Mani A, Atef Hatamleh A, Akbar I. Antimicrobial and cytotoxic activities of isoniazid connected menthone derivatives and their investigation of clinical pathogens causing infectious disease. J Infect Public Health 2021; 14:533-542. [PMID: 33744741 DOI: 10.1016/j.jiph.2020.12.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2020] [Revised: 12/20/2020] [Accepted: 12/26/2020] [Indexed: 10/22/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND This work is development of new molecules of isoniazid derivatives as dealing with potential of antimicrobial activity against clinical pathogens causing infectious disease. Antimicrobial of novel Mannich base derivatives can be achieved via one-pot synthesis in green chemistry approach. This method offers efficient, mild reaction conditions and high yields. In this study, totally 12 compounds (1a-l) was prepared and screened for cytotoxic and antimicrobial activities. MATERIALS AND METHODS Newly synthesised compounds were conformed via FT- IR, 1H, and 13C NMR (Nuclear Magnetic Resonance), and mass spectra analysis. All compounds were checked antibacterial activity against gram-positive bacteria of Enterococcus faecalis, Staphylococcus aureus and gram-negative bacteria of Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Klebsiella pneumoniae and Escherichia coli. All compounds were checked against antifungal activity against Aspergillus fumigatus, Candida albicans, Cryptococcus neoformans, Aspergillus niger, and Microsporum audouinii. All compounds were screened for cytotoxic activity against the MCF-7 (Michigan Cancer Foundation-7) cancer cell line. RESULT The compound 1g was highly (MIC: 0.25 μg/mL) active against gram-negative bacterial of P. aeruginosa, whereas other compounds 1e and 1h were more active (MIC: 2 μg/mL) in K. pneumoniae and also 1g (MIC: 2 μg/mL) was more active in E. faecalis than standard ciprofloxacin. Antifungal screening, the compound 1b was highly active (MIC: 0.25 μg/mL) against C. albicance,1g (MIC: 2 μg/mL) and 1h (MIC: 4 μg/mL) was significant of active against A. fumigatus, and the compound 1c (MIC: 4 μg/mL) was extremely active in M. audouinii than clotrimazole. Compound 1g (GI50 = 0.01 μM) exhibited high activity against the MCF-7 cell line, while 1b (GI50 = 0.02 μM) was equipotent active compared with standard doxorubicin. CONCLUSION A novel set of isoniazid derivatives (1a-l) and 1h were synthesized and screened for antimicrobial and cytotoxic activities. We found some highly active molecules, which are evidencing to be a potential treatment of bacterial and fungal infection candidates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatimah S Al-Khattaf
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Arunadevi Mani
- Research Department of Chemistry, Nehru Memorial College (Affiliated with the Bharathidasan University), Puthanampatti-621007, Tiruchirappalli District, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Ashraf Atef Hatamleh
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Idhayadhulla Akbar
- Research Department of Chemistry, Nehru Memorial College (Affiliated with the Bharathidasan University), Puthanampatti-621007, Tiruchirappalli District, Tamil Nadu, India.
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23
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Microwave-Assisted Synthesis of Schiff Bases of Isoniazid and Evaluation of Their Anti-Proliferative and Antibacterial Activities. MOLBANK 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/m1189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Three new Schiff bases of isoniazid were synthesized using microwave-assisted synthesis and conventional condensation with aromatic aldehydes. Synthesized compounds were characterized using elemental analysis, IR, NMR, and Mass spectroscopy. Synthesized compounds were evaluated for antiproliferative activity against MCF-7 cell line. The IC50 values were from 125 to 276 µM. The compounds were also evaluated for antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli. Results showed that the synthesized compounds produce significant antibacterial activity in vitro. Inhibition of compounds ranged from 13 to 18 mm.
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Phatak PS, Bakale RD, Kulkarni RS, Dhumal ST, Dixit PP, Krishna VS, Sriram D, Khedkar VM, Haval KP. Design and synthesis of new indanol-1,2,3-triazole derivatives as potent antitubercular and antimicrobial agents. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2020; 30:127579. [PMID: 32987135 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2020.127579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2020] [Revised: 09/04/2020] [Accepted: 09/22/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
In a search of new antitubercular agents, herein we have reported a series of new thirty-two indanol-1,2,3-triazole derivatives. The synthesized compounds were screened for their in vitro antitubercular and antimicrobial activities. Among the screened compounds, most of the compounds have displayed good antitubercular activity against Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37Rv. The compound 5g has been identified as potent antitubercular agent with MIC value 1.56 µM. The most active compounds of the series were further studied for their cytotoxicity against HEK 293 cells using MTT assay and found to be nontoxic. In addition, ten compounds were shown good antimicrobial activities against both antibacterial and antifungal pathogens. A molecular docking study against Mycobacterial enoyl-ACP-reductase (InhA) was performed to gain an insight into the molecular mechanism of antitubercular action. The pharmacokinetic parameters of these compounds were studied and displayed acceptable drug-likeness score.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pramod S Phatak
- Department of Chemistry, Dr. Babasaheb Ambedkar Marathwada University SubCampus, Osmanabad 413 501, MS, India
| | - Rajubai D Bakale
- Department of Chemistry, Dr. Babasaheb Ambedkar Marathwada University SubCampus, Osmanabad 413 501, MS, India
| | - Ravibhushan S Kulkarni
- Department of Chemistry, Dr. Babasaheb Ambedkar Marathwada University SubCampus, Osmanabad 413 501, MS, India
| | - Sambhaji T Dhumal
- Department of Chemistry, Dr. Babasaheb Ambedkar Marathwada University, Aurangabad 431 004, MS, India
| | - Prashant P Dixit
- Department of Microbiology, Dr. Babasaheb Ambedkar Marathwada University SubCampus, Osmanabad 413 501, MS, India
| | - Vagolu Siva Krishna
- Department of Pharmacy, Birla Institute of Technology and Science-Pilani, Hyderabad Campus, Jawahar Nagar, Shameerpet Mandal, R. R. District, Hyderabad 500078, India
| | - Dharmarajan Sriram
- Department of Pharmacy, Birla Institute of Technology and Science-Pilani, Hyderabad Campus, Jawahar Nagar, Shameerpet Mandal, R. R. District, Hyderabad 500078, India
| | - Vijay M Khedkar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Vishwakarma University, Pune 411 048, MS, India
| | - Kishan P Haval
- Department of Chemistry, Dr. Babasaheb Ambedkar Marathwada University SubCampus, Osmanabad 413 501, MS, India.
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