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Xu Y, Li L, Zhang J, Lan Y, Li N, Wang J. Synthesis and Biological Activities of C1-Substituted Acylhydrazone β-Carboline Analogues as Antifungal Candidates. Molecules 2024; 29:3569. [PMID: 39124974 PMCID: PMC11314034 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29153569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2024] [Revised: 07/23/2024] [Accepted: 07/26/2024] [Indexed: 08/12/2024] Open
Abstract
In our ongoing work to create potential antifungal agents, we synthesized and tested a group of C1-substituted acylhydrazone β-carboline analogues 9a-o and 10a-o for their effectiveness against Valsa mali, Fusarium solani, Fusarium oxysporum, and Fusarium graminearum. Their compositions were analyzed using different spectral techniques, such as 1H/13C NMR and HRMS, with the structure of 9l being additionally confirmed through X-ray diffraction. The antifungal evaluation showed that, among all the target β-carboline analogues, compounds 9n and 9o exhibited more promising and broad-spectrum antifungal activity than the commercial pesticide hymexazol. Several intriguing findings regarding structure-activity relationships (SARs) were examined. In addition, the cytotoxicity test showed that these acylhydrazone β-carboline analogues with C1 substitutions exhibit a preference for fungi, with minimal harm to healthy cells (LO2). The reported findings provide insights into the development of β-carboline analogues as new potential antifungal agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yujie Xu
- College of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China; (Y.X.); (L.L.); (J.Z.); (Y.L.)
| | - Lishan Li
- College of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China; (Y.X.); (L.L.); (J.Z.); (Y.L.)
| | - Jinghan Zhang
- College of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China; (Y.X.); (L.L.); (J.Z.); (Y.L.)
| | - Yu Lan
- College of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China; (Y.X.); (L.L.); (J.Z.); (Y.L.)
| | - Na Li
- Department of Scientific Research Services, Sanya Yazhou Bay Center for Innocation and Development Co., Ltd., Sanya 572000, China
| | - Junru Wang
- College of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China; (Y.X.); (L.L.); (J.Z.); (Y.L.)
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Wang Y, Yu M, Xie Y, Ma W, Sun S, Li Q, Yang Y, Li X, Jia H, Zhao R. Mechanism of inactivation of Aspergillus flavus spores by dielectric barrier discharge plasma. Toxicon 2024; 239:107615. [PMID: 38219915 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxicon.2024.107615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2023] [Revised: 01/02/2024] [Accepted: 01/10/2024] [Indexed: 01/16/2024]
Abstract
Dielectric barrier discharge plasma (DBDP) displays strong against fungal spores, while its precise mechanism of spore inactivation remains inadequately understood. In this study, we applied morphological, in vivo and in vitro experiments, transcriptomics, and physicochemical detection to unveil the potential molecular pathways underlying the inactivation of Aspergillus flavus spores by DBDP. Our findings suggested that mycelium growth was inhibited as observed by SEM after 30 s treatment at 70 kV, meanwhile spore germination ceased and clustering occurred. It led to the release of cellular contents and subsequent spore demise by disrupting the integrity of spore membrane. Additionally, based on the transcriptomic data, we hypothesized that the induction of spore inactivation by DBDP might be associated with downregulation of genes related to cell membranes, organelles (mitochondria), oxidative phosphorylation, and the tricarboxylic acid cycle. Subsequently, we validated our transcriptomic findings by measuring the levels of relevant enzymes in metabolic pathways, such as superoxide dismutase, acetyl-CoA, total dehydrogenase, and ATP. These physicochemical indicators revealed that DBDP treatment resulted in mitochondrial dysfunction, redox imbalance, and inhibited energy metabolism pathways. These findings were consistent with the transcriptomic results. Hence, we concluded that DBDP accelerated spore rupture and death via ROS-mediated mitochondrial dysfunction, which does not depend on cell membranes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaxin Wang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou, 450001, PR China; Henan Key Laboratory of Cereal and Oil Food Safety Inspection and Control, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450001, PR China.
| | - Mingming Yu
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou, 450001, PR China; Henan Key Laboratory of Cereal and Oil Food Safety Inspection and Control, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450001, PR China
| | - Yanli Xie
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou, 450001, PR China; Henan Key Laboratory of Cereal and Oil Food Safety Inspection and Control, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450001, PR China.
| | - Weibin Ma
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou, 450001, PR China; Henan Key Laboratory of Cereal and Oil Food Safety Inspection and Control, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450001, PR China
| | - Shumin Sun
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou, 450001, PR China; Henan Key Laboratory of Cereal and Oil Food Safety Inspection and Control, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450001, PR China
| | - Qian Li
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou, 450001, PR China; Henan Key Laboratory of Cereal and Oil Food Safety Inspection and Control, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450001, PR China
| | - Yuhui Yang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou, 450001, PR China; Henan Key Laboratory of Cereal and Oil Food Safety Inspection and Control, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450001, PR China
| | - Xiao Li
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou, 450001, PR China; Henan Key Laboratory of Cereal and Oil Food Safety Inspection and Control, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450001, PR China
| | - Hang Jia
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou, 450001, PR China; Henan Key Laboratory of Cereal and Oil Food Safety Inspection and Control, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450001, PR China
| | - Renyong Zhao
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou, 450001, PR China; Henan Key Laboratory of Cereal and Oil Food Safety Inspection and Control, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450001, PR China.
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Gu K, Feng S, Zhang X, Peng Y, Sun P, Liu W, Wu Y, Yu Y, Liu X, Liu X, Deng G, Zheng J, Li B, Zhao L. Deciphering the antifungal mechanism and functional components of cinnamomum cassia essential oil against Candida albicans through integration of network-based metabolomics and pharmacology, the greedy algorithm, and molecular docking. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 319:117156. [PMID: 37729978 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2023.117156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2023] [Revised: 08/30/2023] [Accepted: 09/07/2023] [Indexed: 09/22/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Fungal pathogens can cause deadly invasive infections and have become a major global public health challenge. There is an urgent need to find new treatment options beyond established antifungal agents, as well as new drug targets that can be used to develop novel antifungal agents. Cinnamomum cassia is a tropical aromatic plant that has a wide range of applications in traditional Chinese medicine, especially in the treatment of bacterial and fungal infections. AIM OF THE STUDY The present study aimed to explore the mechanism of action and functional components of Cinnamomum cassia essential oil (CEO) against Candida albicans using an integrated strategy combining network-based metabolomics and pharmacology, the greedy algorithm and molecular docking. MATERIALS AND METHODS CEO was extracted using hydrodistillation and its chemical composition was identified by GC-MS. Cluster analysis was performed on the compositions of 19 other CEOs from the published literature, as well as the sample obtained in this study. The damages of C. albicans cells upon treatment with CEO was observed using a scanning electron microscope. The mechanisms of its antifungal effect at a subinhibitory concentration of 0.1 × MIC were determined using microbial metabolomics and network analysis. The functional components were studied using the greedy algorithm and molecular docking. RESULTS A total of 69 compounds were identified in the chemical analysis of CEO, which accounted for 90% of the sample. The major compounds were terpenoids (34.04%), aromatic compounds (4.52%), aliphatic compounds (0.9%), and others. Hierarchical cluster analysis of the compositions of 20 essential oils extracted from Cinnamomum cassia grown in different geographical locations showed a wide diversity of chemical composition with four major chemotypes. CEO showed strong antifungal activity and caused destruction of cell membranes in a concentration-dependent way. Metabolic fingerprint analysis identified 29 metabolites associated with lipid metabolism, which were mapped to 23 core targets mainly involved in fatty acid biosynthesis and metabolism. Six antifungal functional components of CEO were identified through network construction, greedy algorithm and molecular docking, including trans-cinnamaldehyde, δ-cadinol, ethylcinnamate, safrole, trans-anethole, and trans-cinnamyl acetate, which showed excellent binding with specific targets of AKR1B1, PPARG, BCHE, CYP19A1, CYP2C19, QPCT, and CYP51A1. CONCLUSIONS This study provides a systematic understanding of the antifungal activity of CEO and offers an integrated strategy for deciphering the potential metabolism and material foundation of complex component drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keru Gu
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University of Engineering Science, Shanghai, 201620, China
| | - Shengyi Feng
- Center of Traumatology and Orthopedics, Yueyang Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200437, China
| | - Xinyue Zhang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University of Engineering Science, Shanghai, 201620, China
| | - Yuanyuan Peng
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University of Engineering Science, Shanghai, 201620, China
| | - Peipei Sun
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University of Engineering Science, Shanghai, 201620, China
| | - Wenchi Liu
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University of Engineering Science, Shanghai, 201620, China
| | - Yi Wu
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University of Engineering Science, Shanghai, 201620, China
| | - Yun Yu
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University of Engineering Science, Shanghai, 201620, China
| | - Xijian Liu
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University of Engineering Science, Shanghai, 201620, China
| | - Xiaohui Liu
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University of Engineering Science, Shanghai, 201620, China
| | - Guoying Deng
- Trauma Center, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 201620, China
| | - Jun Zheng
- Center of Traumatology and Orthopedics, Yueyang Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200437, China.
| | - Bo Li
- Center of Traumatology and Orthopedics, Yueyang Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200437, China.
| | - Linjing Zhao
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University of Engineering Science, Shanghai, 201620, China.
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Dan W, Cao Y, Sun Y, Zhang J, Liu J, Gao J, Han R, Dai J. Novel N 1 or N 9 modified α-carboline analogues as potential ligands in Alzheimer's disease therapy: Synthesis and neurobiological activity evaluation. Bioorg Chem 2023; 133:106378. [PMID: 36736035 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2023.106378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2022] [Revised: 01/05/2023] [Accepted: 01/14/2023] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
A series of new α-carboline analogues modified at N1 or N9 positions by alkyl, benzyl and phenyl were synthesized and characterized as potential ligands for AD therapy. These compounds exhibited multifunctional neurobiological activities including anti-neuroinflammatory, neuroprotective and cholinesterase inhibition. Among them, compound 5d with good drug-like properties and no cytotoxicity, showed potent inhibitory activity against NO production (IC50 = 1.45 μM), which could suppress the expression levels of iNOS and COX-2 in a dose-dependent manner. Further mechanism exploration indicated that compound 5d could regulate the NF-κB signaling pathway by decreasing the phosphorylation of IκB-α and p65. Notably, compound 5d could effectively decrease the LPS-induced aberrations in zebrafish. Compounds 3b, 4f, 5c, 5g, 5m and 6i exhibited potential neuroprotective activity (cell viability > 70 %) in the H2O2-induced PC-12 neuronal death model and rescued the SOD activity. In particular, compounds 3b, 4f, and 5g activated the Nrf2 signaling pathway, and improved the expressions of antioxidant proteins NQO-1 and HO-1, which alleviated the head cell apoptosis in zebrafish. Additionally, compound 6i exhibited potential inhibitory activity against BuChE with IC50 of 0.77 μM. Overall, this work provided some lead compounds based on α-carboline used for AD therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenjia Dan
- School of Life Science and Technology, Weifang Medical University, Shandong, China
| | - Yidan Cao
- School of Life Science and Technology, Weifang Medical University, Shandong, China
| | - Yifan Sun
- School of Life Science and Technology, Weifang Medical University, Shandong, China
| | - Jiaoyue Zhang
- School of Life Science and Technology, Weifang Medical University, Shandong, China
| | - Jinyi Liu
- School of Life Science and Technology, Weifang Medical University, Shandong, China
| | - Jixiang Gao
- School of Life Science and Technology, Weifang Medical University, Shandong, China
| | - Rui Han
- Institute of Basic and Transitional Medicine, Xi'an Medical University, Shannxi, China.
| | - Jiangkun Dai
- School of Life Science and Technology, Weifang Medical University, Shandong, China.
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Vallières C, Golinelli-Cohen MP, Guittet O, Lepoivre M, Huang ME, Vernis L. Redox-Based Strategies against Infections by Eukaryotic Pathogens. Genes (Basel) 2023; 14:genes14040778. [PMID: 37107536 PMCID: PMC10138290 DOI: 10.3390/genes14040778] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2023] [Revised: 03/13/2023] [Accepted: 03/21/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Redox homeostasis is an equilibrium between reducing and oxidizing reactions within cells. It is an essential, dynamic process, which allows proper cellular reactions and regulates biological responses. Unbalanced redox homeostasis is the hallmark of many diseases, including cancer or inflammatory responses, and can eventually lead to cell death. Specifically, disrupting redox balance, essentially by increasing pro-oxidative molecules and favouring hyperoxidation, is a smart strategy to eliminate cells and has been used for cancer treatment, for example. Selectivity between cancer and normal cells thus appears crucial to avoid toxicity as much as possible. Redox-based approaches are also employed in the case of infectious diseases to tackle the pathogens specifically, with limited impacts on host cells. In this review, we focus on recent advances in redox-based strategies to fight eukaryotic pathogens, especially fungi and eukaryotic parasites. We report molecules recently described for causing or being associated with compromising redox homeostasis in pathogens and discuss therapeutic possibilities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cindy Vallières
- Institut de Chimie des Substances Naturelles, CNRS UPR 2301, Université Paris-Saclay, 91198 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Marie-Pierre Golinelli-Cohen
- Institut de Chimie des Substances Naturelles, CNRS UPR 2301, Université Paris-Saclay, 91198 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Olivier Guittet
- Institut de Chimie des Substances Naturelles, CNRS UPR 2301, Université Paris-Saclay, 91198 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Michel Lepoivre
- Institut de Chimie des Substances Naturelles, CNRS UPR 2301, Université Paris-Saclay, 91198 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Meng-Er Huang
- Institut de Chimie des Substances Naturelles, CNRS UPR 2301, Université Paris-Saclay, 91198 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Laurence Vernis
- Institut de Chimie des Substances Naturelles, CNRS UPR 2301, Université Paris-Saclay, 91198 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
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Antifungal mechanisms of volatile organic compounds produced by Pseudomonas fluorescens ZX as biological fumigants against Botrytis cinerea. Microbiol Res 2023; 267:127253. [PMID: 36455309 DOI: 10.1016/j.micres.2022.127253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2022] [Revised: 10/31/2022] [Accepted: 11/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
To explore the antifungal mechanisms of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) produced by Pseudomonas fluorescens ZX against Botrytis cinerea, biochemical analyses and transcriptomic techniques were employed in this work. The results showed that P. fluorescens ZX-producing VOCs can increase the cell membrane permeability of B. cinerea and disrupt cell membrane integrity, resulting in leakage of the pathogen's cellular contents, inhibition of ergosterol biosynthesis (about 76%), and an increase in malondialdehyde (MDA) content. Additionally, for B. cinerea respiration, P. fluorescens ZX-producing VOCs (1 × 109 CFU /mL) significantly inhibited the activities of ATPase (55.7%), malate dehydrogenase (MDH) (33.1%), and succinate dehydrogenase (SDH) (57.9%), seriously interfering with energy metabolism and causing accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Furthermore, transcriptome analysis of B. cinerea following exposure to VOCs revealed 4590 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) (1388 upregulated, 3202 downregulated). Through GO analysis, these DEGs were determined to be enriched in intrinsic components of membrane, integral components of membrane, and membrane parts, while KEGG analysis indicated that they were enriched in many amino acid metabolism pathways. Significantly, the DEGs related to ergosterol biosynthesis, ATPase, mitochondrial respiratory chain, malate dehydrogenase, and cell membrane showed down-regulation, corroborating the biochemical analyses. Taken together, these results suggest that the antifungal activity of P. fluorescens ZX-producing VOCs against B. cinerea occurs primary mechanisms: causing significant damage to the cell membrane, negatively affecting respiration, and interfering with amino acid metabolism.
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Inhibitory Effect and Mechanism of Dill Seed Essential Oil on Neofusicoccum parvum in Chinese Chestnut. SEPARATIONS 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/separations9100296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The chestnut postharvest pathogen Neofusicoccum parvum (N. parvum) is an important postharvest pathogen that causes chestnut rot. Chestnut rot in postharvest reduces food quality and causes huge economic losses. This study aimed to evaluate the inhibitory effect of dill seed essential oil (DSEO) on N. parvum and its mechanism of action. The chemical characterization of DSEO by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS) showed that the main components of DSEO were apiole, carvone, dihydrocarvone, and limonene. DSEO inhibited the growth of mycelium in a dose-dependent manner. The antifungal effects are associated with destroying the fungal cell wall (cytoskeleton) and cell membrane. In addition, DSEO can induce oxidative damage and intracellular redox imbalance to damage cell function. Transcriptomics analysis showed DSEO treatment induced differently expressed genes most related to replication, transcription, translation, and lipid, DNA metabolic process. Furthermore, in vivo experiments showed that DSEO and DSEO emulsion can inhibit the growth of fungi and prolong the storage period of chestnuts. These results suggest that DSEO can be used as a potential antifungal preservative in food storage.
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Yang S, Tian L, Wang X, Wu M, Liao S, Fu J, Xiong W, Gong G. Metabolomics analysis and membrane damage measurement reveal the antibacterial mechanism of lipoic acid against Yersinia enterocolitica. Food Funct 2022; 13:11476-11488. [PMID: 36178296 DOI: 10.1039/d2fo01306a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Yersinia enterocolitica is a pathogenic microorganism that can cause food-borne diseases. Lipoic acid (LA) has been used as an antioxidant against bacteria, but its antibacterial mechanism is rarely reported. This study aims to explore the antibacterial mechanism of LA and its effect on the metabolites of Y. enterocolitica through membrane damage and metabolomics analysis. The results showed that the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of LA against Y. enterocolitica was 2.5 mg mL-1. The membrane potential was depolarized, and intracellular pH (pHin) and ATP were significantly reduced, indicating that LA destroys the cell membrane structure. Confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM) and field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) further confirmed LA-induced cell membrane damage. The metabolic profile of Y. enterocolitica following LA treatment was analyzed by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS). In the metabolome evaluation, 6209 differential metabolites were screened, including 3394 up-regulated and 2815 down-regulated metabolites. Fifteen metabolic pathways of Y. enterocolitica exhibited significant changes after LA treatment, including the pathways important for amino acid and nucleotide metabolism. The results show that LA is a bacteriostatic substance with potential application value in the food industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siqi Yang
- College of Food and Bioengineering, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710021, China.
| | - Lu Tian
- College of Food and Bioengineering, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710021, China.
| | - Xuyang Wang
- College of Food and Bioengineering, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710021, China.
| | - Mi Wu
- College of Food and Bioengineering, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710021, China.
| | - Sichen Liao
- College of Food and Bioengineering, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710021, China.
| | - Jiapeng Fu
- College of Food and Bioengineering, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710021, China.
| | - Wangdan Xiong
- Grassl and Agri-Husbandry Research Center, School of Grassl and Science, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, Shandong, 266109, China.
| | - Guoli Gong
- College of Food and Bioengineering, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710021, China.
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Gao K, Qin Y, Wang L, Li X, Liu S, Xing R, Yu H, Chen X, Li P. Design, Synthesis, and Antifungal Activities of Hymexazol Glycosides Based on a Biomimetic Strategy. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2022; 70:9520-9535. [PMID: 35877994 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.2c02507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Hymexazol (HYM) is irreplaceable for treating soil-borne diseases due to its high efficiency and low cost, as a broad-spectrum fungicide. However, when HYM is absorbed by plants, it is rapidly converted into two glycoside metabolites, and the antifungal activities of these glycosides are inferior to that of HYM. Therefore, in this study, to maintain strong antifungal activity in vitro and in vivo, HYM was glycosylated with amino sugars that have diverse biological activities to simulate plant glycosylation. The antifungal experiment proved that glycoside 15 has the highest antifungal activity, and N-acetyl glucosamine and HYM had obvious synergistic effects. According to the structure-activity relationship studies, glycoside 15 had greater numbers of active electron-rich regions and front-line orbital electrons due to the introduction of N-acetyl glucosamine. Moreover, glycoside 15 can significantly promote plant growth and induce an increase in plant defense enzyme activity. Additionally, compared to HYM, the results of electron microscopy and proteomics revealed that glycoside 15 has a unique antifungal mechanism. The promising antifungal activity and interactions with plants mean that glycoside 15 is a potential green fungicide candidate. Furthermore, this research conducted an interesting exploration of the agricultural applications of amino sugars.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kun Gao
- CAS and Shandong Province Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China
- Laboratory for Marine Drugs and Bioproducts, Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology (Qingdao), No. 1 Wenhai Road, Qingdao 266237, China
| | - Yukun Qin
- CAS and Shandong Province Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China
- Laboratory for Marine Drugs and Bioproducts, Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology (Qingdao), No. 1 Wenhai Road, Qingdao 266237, China
| | - Linsong Wang
- CAS and Shandong Province Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China
- Laboratory for Marine Drugs and Bioproducts, Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology (Qingdao), No. 1 Wenhai Road, Qingdao 266237, China
| | - Xin Li
- CAS and Shandong Province Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China
- Laboratory for Marine Drugs and Bioproducts, Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology (Qingdao), No. 1 Wenhai Road, Qingdao 266237, China
| | - Song Liu
- CAS and Shandong Province Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China
- Laboratory for Marine Drugs and Bioproducts, Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology (Qingdao), No. 1 Wenhai Road, Qingdao 266237, China
| | - Ronge Xing
- CAS and Shandong Province Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China
- Laboratory for Marine Drugs and Bioproducts, Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology (Qingdao), No. 1 Wenhai Road, Qingdao 266237, China
| | - HuaHua Yu
- CAS and Shandong Province Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China
- Laboratory for Marine Drugs and Bioproducts, Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology (Qingdao), No. 1 Wenhai Road, Qingdao 266237, China
| | - Xiaolin Chen
- CAS and Shandong Province Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China
- Laboratory for Marine Drugs and Bioproducts, Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology (Qingdao), No. 1 Wenhai Road, Qingdao 266237, China
| | - Pengcheng Li
- CAS and Shandong Province Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China
- Laboratory for Marine Drugs and Bioproducts, Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology (Qingdao), No. 1 Wenhai Road, Qingdao 266237, China
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Li Q, Zhu X, Zhao Y, Xie Y. The antifungal activity of o-vanillin against Aspergillus flavus via disrupting ergosterol biosynthesis and promoting oxidative stress, and an RNA-seq analysis thereof. Lebensm Wiss Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lwt.2022.113635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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11
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Heptanal inhibits the growth of Aspergillus flavus through disturbance of plasma membrane integrity, mitochondrial function and antioxidant enzyme activity. Lebensm Wiss Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lwt.2021.112655] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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12
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Dai JK, Dan WJ, Wan JB. Natural and synthetic β-carboline as a privileged antifungal scaffolds. Eur J Med Chem 2021; 229:114057. [PMID: 34954591 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2021.114057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2021] [Revised: 12/06/2021] [Accepted: 12/14/2021] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
The discovery of antifungal agents with novel structure, broad-spectrum, low toxicity, and high efficiency has been the focus of medicinal chemists. Over the past decades, β-carboline scaffold has attracted extensive attention in the scientific community due to its potent and diverse biological activities with nine successfully marketed β-carboline-based drugs. In this review, we summarized the current states and advances in the antifungal activity of natural and synthetic β-carbolines. Additionally, the structure-activity relationships and their antifungal mechanisms targeting biofilm, cell wall, cell membrane, and fungal intracellular targets were also systematically discussed. In summary, β-carbolines have the great potential to develop new efficient scaffolds to combat fungal infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiang-Kun Dai
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Taipa, Macau SAR, China; College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Shaanxi, China; School of Life Science and Technology, Weifang Medical University, Shandong, China
| | - Wen-Jia Dan
- School of Life Science and Technology, Weifang Medical University, Shandong, China.
| | - Jian-Bo Wan
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Taipa, Macau SAR, China.
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13
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Hou E, Han M, Wang X, Cheng W, Cao J, Yang R, Guo Y. Discovery of Natural Product-Based Fungicides (III): Semisynthesis and Biological Activity of N-Phenylpyrazole Sarisan Hybrids as Antifungal Agents. Chem Biodivers 2021; 19:e202100779. [PMID: 34767292 DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.202100779] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2021] [Accepted: 11/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Many phytopathogenic fungi can easily infect crops, resulting in crop yield reductions. In continuation of our efforts to develop natural product (NP)-based antifungal agents, a series of N-phenylpyrazole sarisan hybrids 6a-v were prepared via I2 -mediated oxidative cyclization, and their structures were determined by various spectral analyses including IR, 1 H-NMR and ESI-MS. Among all N-phenylpyrazole sarisan hybrids, compounds 6a, 6b, 6e, 6i, 6j and 6r exhibited more encouraging antifungal action against at least two phytopathogenic fungi than the reference fungicide hymexazol. Especially, 6a displayed really encouraging and broad-spectrum antifungal activity against F. graminearum, V. mali, and F. oxysporum f.sp.niveum with the EC50 values of 12.6±0.9, 18.5±0.2, and 37.4±1.8 μg/mL, respectively. Moreover, the structure-activity relationships (SARs) were also observed. Additionally, compounds 6a and 6e also exhibited relative low toxicity on normal LO2 cells. This study indicates that these N-phenylpyrazole sarisan hybrids would shed light on developing novel NP-based antifungal agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Enhua Hou
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, Henan Province, China
| | - Meiyue Han
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, Henan Province, China
| | - Xiaoguang Wang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, Henan Province, China
| | - Wanqing Cheng
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, Henan Province, China
| | - Jiangping Cao
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Engineering and Technology Research Center of Liupanshan Resources, Ningxia Normal University, Guyuan, 756000, Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, China
| | - Ruige Yang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, Henan Province, China
| | - Yong Guo
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, Henan Province, China
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14
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Zhang L, Feng XZ, Xiao ZQ, Fan GR, Chen SX, Liao SL, Luo H, Wang ZD. Design, Synthesis, Antibacterial, Antifungal and Anticancer Evaluations of Novel β-Pinene Quaternary Ammonium Salts. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:11299. [PMID: 34681957 PMCID: PMC8539267 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222011299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2021] [Revised: 10/09/2021] [Accepted: 10/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
β-pinene is a monoterpene isolated from turpentine oil and numerous other plants' essential oils, which has a broad spectrum of biological activities. In the current work, six novel β-pinene quaternary ammonium (β-PQA) salts were synthesized and evaluated in vitro for their antifungal, antibacterial and anticancer activities. The in vitro assay results revealed that compounds 4a and 4b presented remarkable antimicrobial activity against the tested fungi and bacteria. In particular, compound 4a showed excellent activities against F. oxysporum f.sp. niveum, P. nicotianae var.nicotianae, R. solani, D. pinea and Fusicoccumaesculi, with EC50 values of 4.50, 10.92, 9.45, 10.82 and 6.34 μg/mL, respectively. Moreover, compound 4a showed the best antibacterial action against E. coli, P. aeruginosa, S. aureus and B. subtilis, with MIC at 2.5, 0.625, 1.25 and 1.25 μg/mL, respectively. The anticancer activity results demonstrated that compounds 4a, 4b, 4c and 4f exhibited remarkable activity against HCT-116 and MCF-7 cell lines, with IC50 values ranged from 1.10 to 25.54 μM. Notably, the compound 4c displayed the strongest cytotoxicity against HCT-116 and MCF-7 cell lines, with the IC50 values of 1.10 and 2.46 μM, respectively. Furthermore, preliminary antimicrobial mechanistic studies revealed that compound 4a might cause mycelium abnormalities of microbial, cell membrane permeability changes and inhibition of the activity of ATP. Altogether, these findings open interesting perspectives to the application of β-PQA salts as a novel leading structure for the development of effective antimicrobial and anticancer agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Zhang
- East China Woody Fragrance and Flavor Engineering Research Center of National Forestry and Grassland Administration, Camphor Engineering Research Center of National Forestry and Grassland Administration, College of Forestry, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, China; (L.Z.); (G.-R.F.); (S.-X.C.); (S.-L.L.)
| | - Xue-Zhen Feng
- National Engineering Laboratory for Biomass Chemical Utilization, Institute of Chemical Industry of Forest Products, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Nanjing 210042, China;
| | - Zhuan-Quan Xiao
- College of Chemistry, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang 330022, China;
| | - Guo-Rong Fan
- East China Woody Fragrance and Flavor Engineering Research Center of National Forestry and Grassland Administration, Camphor Engineering Research Center of National Forestry and Grassland Administration, College of Forestry, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, China; (L.Z.); (G.-R.F.); (S.-X.C.); (S.-L.L.)
| | - Shang-Xing Chen
- East China Woody Fragrance and Flavor Engineering Research Center of National Forestry and Grassland Administration, Camphor Engineering Research Center of National Forestry and Grassland Administration, College of Forestry, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, China; (L.Z.); (G.-R.F.); (S.-X.C.); (S.-L.L.)
| | - Sheng-Liang Liao
- East China Woody Fragrance and Flavor Engineering Research Center of National Forestry and Grassland Administration, Camphor Engineering Research Center of National Forestry and Grassland Administration, College of Forestry, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, China; (L.Z.); (G.-R.F.); (S.-X.C.); (S.-L.L.)
| | - Hai Luo
- East China Woody Fragrance and Flavor Engineering Research Center of National Forestry and Grassland Administration, Camphor Engineering Research Center of National Forestry and Grassland Administration, College of Forestry, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, China; (L.Z.); (G.-R.F.); (S.-X.C.); (S.-L.L.)
| | - Zong-De Wang
- East China Woody Fragrance and Flavor Engineering Research Center of National Forestry and Grassland Administration, Camphor Engineering Research Center of National Forestry and Grassland Administration, College of Forestry, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, China; (L.Z.); (G.-R.F.); (S.-X.C.); (S.-L.L.)
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