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Yotsova R, Peev S. Biological Properties and Medical Applications of Carbonate Apatite: A Systematic Review. Pharmaceutics 2024; 16:291. [PMID: 38399345 PMCID: PMC10892468 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics16020291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2024] [Revised: 02/10/2024] [Accepted: 02/15/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Bone defects represent an everyday challenge for clinicians who work in the fields of orthopedic surgery, maxillofacial and oral surgery, otorhinolaryngology, and dental implantology. Various bone substitutes have been developed and utilized, according to the needs of bone reconstructive surgery. Carbonate apatite has gained popularity in recent years, due to its excellent tissue behavior and osteoconductive potential. This systematic review aims to evaluate the role of carbonate apatite in bone reconstructive surgery and tissue engineering, analyze its advantages and limitations, and suggest further directions for research and development. The Web of Science, PubMed, and Scopus electronic databases were searched for relevant review articles, published from January 2014 to 21 July 2023. The study was conducted in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. Eighteen studies were included in the present review. The biological properties and medical applications of carbonate apatite (CO3Ap) are discussed and evaluated. The majority of articles demonstrated that CO3Ap has excellent biocompatibility, resorbability, and osteoconductivity. Furthermore, it resembles bone tissue and causes minimal immunological reactions. Therefore, it may be successfully utilized in various medical applications, such as bone substitution, scaffolding, implant coating, drug delivery, and tissue engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ralitsa Yotsova
- Department of Oral Surgery, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Medical University of Varna, bul. Tsar Osvoboditel 84, 9002 Varna, Bulgaria
| | - Stefan Peev
- Department of Periodontology and Dental Implantology, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Medical University of Varna, bul. Tsar Osvoboditel 84, 9002 Varna, Bulgaria;
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Winnand P, Boernsen KO, Ooms M, Heitzer M, Lammert M, Eschweiler J, Hölzle F, Modabber A. The role of potassium in depth profiling of the tumor border in bone-invasive oral cancer using laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS): a pilot study. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol 2023; 149:16635-16645. [PMID: 37716922 PMCID: PMC10645631 DOI: 10.1007/s00432-023-05411-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2023] [Accepted: 09/05/2023] [Indexed: 09/18/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Microscopic tumor spread beyond the macroscopically visible tumor mass in bone represents a major risk in surgical oncology, where the spatial complexity of bony resection margins cannot be countered with rapid bone analysis techniques. Laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) has recently been introduced as a promising option for rapid bone analysis. The present study aimed to use LIBS-based depth profiling based on electrolyte disturbance tracking to evaluate the detection of microscopic tumor spread in bone. METHODS After en bloc resection, the tumor-infiltrated mandible section of a patient's segmental mandibulectomy specimen was natively investigated using LIBS. Spectral and electrolytic depth profiles were analyzed across 30 laser shots per laser spot position in healthy bone and at the tumor border. For the histological validation of the lasered positions, the mandibular section was marked with a thin separating disc. RESULTS Solid calcium (Ca) from hydroxyapatite and soluble Ca from dissolved Ca can be reliably differentiated using LIBS and reflect the natural heterogeneity of healthy bone. Increased potassium (K) emission values in otherwise typically healthy bone spectra are the first spectral signs of tumorous bone invasion. LIBS-based depth profiles at the tumor border region can be used to track tumor-associated changes within the bone with shot accuracy based on the distribution of K. CONCLUSION Depth profiling using LIBS might enable the detection of microscopic tumor spread in bone. In the future, direct electrolyte tracking using LIBS should be applied to other intraoperative challenges in surgical oncology to advance rapid bone analysis by spectroscopic-optical techniques.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philipp Winnand
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University Hospital RWTH Aachen, Pauwelsstraße 30, 52074, Aachen, Germany.
| | - K Olaf Boernsen
- Advanced Osteotomy Tools AG, Wallstrasse 6, 4051, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Mark Ooms
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University Hospital RWTH Aachen, Pauwelsstraße 30, 52074, Aachen, Germany
| | - Marius Heitzer
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University Hospital RWTH Aachen, Pauwelsstraße 30, 52074, Aachen, Germany
| | - Matthias Lammert
- Institute of Pathology, University Hospital RWTH Aachen, Pauwelsstraße 30, 52074, Aachen, Germany
| | - Jörg Eschweiler
- Department of Orthopaedics, Trauma and Reconstructive Surgery, University Hospital RWTH Aachen, Pauwelsstraße 30, 52074, Aachen, Germany
| | - Frank Hölzle
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University Hospital RWTH Aachen, Pauwelsstraße 30, 52074, Aachen, Germany
| | - Ali Modabber
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University Hospital RWTH Aachen, Pauwelsstraße 30, 52074, Aachen, Germany
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Mühling M, Sandriesser S, Glowalla C, Herrmann S, Augat P, Hungerer S. Risk of Interprosthetic Femur Fracture Is Associated with Implant Spacing-A Biomechanical Study. J Clin Med 2023; 12:jcm12093095. [PMID: 37176537 PMCID: PMC10179557 DOI: 10.3390/jcm12093095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2023] [Revised: 04/13/2023] [Accepted: 04/21/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Ipsilateral revision surgeries of total hip or knee arthroplasties due to periprosthetic fractures or implant loosening are becoming more frequent in aging populations. Implants in revision arthroplasty usually require long anchoring stems. Depending on the residual distance between two adjacent knee and hip implants, we assume that the risk of interprosthetic fractures increases with a reduction in the interprosthetic distance. The aim of the current study was to investigate the maximum strain within the femoral shaft between two ipsilateral implants tips. METHODS A simplified physical model consisting of synthetic bone tubes and metallic implant cylinders was constructed and the surface strains were measured using digital image correlation. The strain distribution on the femoral shaft was analyzed in 3-point- and 4-point-bending scenarios. The physical model was transferred to a finite element model to parametrically investigate the effects of the interprosthetic distance and the cortical thickness on maximum strain. Strain patterns for all parametric combinations were compared to the reference strain pattern of the bone without implants. RESULTS The presence of an implant reduced principal strain values but resulted in distinct strain peaks at the locations of the implant tips. A reduced interprosthetic distance and thinner cortices resulted in strain peaks of up to 180% compared to the reference. At low cortical thicknesses, the strain peaks increased exponentially with a decrease in the interprosthetic distance. An increasing cortical thickness reduced the peak strains at the implant tips. CONCLUSIONS A minimum interprosthetic distance of 10 mm seems to be crucial to avoid the accumulation of strain peaks caused by ipsilateral implant tips. Interprosthetic fracture management is more important in patients with reduced bone quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mischa Mühling
- Institute for Biomechanics, BG Unfallklinik Murnau, Prof. Küntscher Str. 8, 82418 Murnau, Germany
- Institute for Biomechanics, Paracelsus Medical University, Strubergasse 21, 5020 Salzburg, Austria
| | - Sabrina Sandriesser
- Institute for Biomechanics, BG Unfallklinik Murnau, Prof. Küntscher Str. 8, 82418 Murnau, Germany
- Institute for Biomechanics, Paracelsus Medical University, Strubergasse 21, 5020 Salzburg, Austria
| | - Claudio Glowalla
- Department of Arthroplasty, BG Unfallklinik Murnau, Prof. Küntscher Str. 8, 82418 Murnau, Germany
| | - Sven Herrmann
- Institute for Biomechanics, BG Unfallklinik Murnau, Prof. Küntscher Str. 8, 82418 Murnau, Germany
- Institute for Biomechanics, Paracelsus Medical University, Strubergasse 21, 5020 Salzburg, Austria
| | - Peter Augat
- Institute for Biomechanics, BG Unfallklinik Murnau, Prof. Küntscher Str. 8, 82418 Murnau, Germany
- Institute for Biomechanics, Paracelsus Medical University, Strubergasse 21, 5020 Salzburg, Austria
| | - Sven Hungerer
- Institute for Biomechanics, BG Unfallklinik Murnau, Prof. Küntscher Str. 8, 82418 Murnau, Germany
- Institute for Biomechanics, Paracelsus Medical University, Strubergasse 21, 5020 Salzburg, Austria
- Department of Arthroplasty, BG Unfallklinik Murnau, Prof. Küntscher Str. 8, 82418 Murnau, Germany
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Finite element analysis on multi-toughening mechanism of microstructure of osteon. J Mech Behav Biomed Mater 2021; 117:104408. [PMID: 33657473 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmbbm.2021.104408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2020] [Revised: 09/20/2020] [Accepted: 02/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The toughening mechanism of cortical bone is closely related to its hierarchical microstructure. Osteon is the most important microstructure of cortical bone. Therefore, it is very important to study the toughening mechanism of the microstructure of osteon. There are three main kinds of cracks in cortical bone: external crack of osteon, internal radial cracks of osteon and microporous damage cracks. Numerical models for these three kinds of cracks are established by XFEM and the progressive damage approach, respectively. The multi-toughening mechanisms of microstructure of osteon are found. The cement line on the outside of osteon is its first toughening mechanism, which can make the crack deflection and improve the fracture resistance of osteon. The resistance of cement line to fracture increases with the decrease of the strength and the increase of the thickness. The second toughening mechanism is elliptical osteocyte lacunae, which can attract the crack into the elliptical lacunae and cause stress redistribution to prevent the crack propagation. The annularly elliptical lacuna structure is an optimized arrangement and shape of microstructure, which is the third toughening mechanism of osteon. This microstructure can determine the location of the crack initiation and make the microcracks propagate along the annular direction rather than penetrating into the haversian cannal to protect the integrity of the osteon. The study of these toughening mechanisms provides new ideas for the research and design of synthetic composite structures.
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Stockhausen KE, Qwamizadeh M, Wölfel EM, Hemmatian H, Fiedler IAK, Flenner S, Longo E, Amling M, Greving I, Ritchie RO, Schmidt FN, Busse B. Collagen Fiber Orientation Is Coupled with Specific Nano-Compositional Patterns in Dark and Bright Osteons Modulating Their Biomechanical Properties. ACS NANO 2021; 15:455-467. [PMID: 33404232 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.0c04786] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Bone continuously adapts to its mechanical environment by structural reorganization to maintain mechanical strength. As the adaptive capabilities of bone are portrayed in its nano- and microstructure, the existence of dark and bright osteons with contrasting preferential collagen fiber orientation (longitudinal and oblique-angled, respectively) points at a required tissue heterogeneity that contributes to the excellent fracture resistance mechanisms in bone. Dark and bright osteons provide an exceptional opportunity to deepen our understanding of how nanoscale tissue properties influence and guide fracture mechanisms at larger length scales. To this end, a comprehensive structural, compositional, and mechanical assessment is performed using circularly polarized light microscopy, synchrotron nanocomputed tomography, focused ion beam/scanning electron microscopy, quantitative backscattered electron imaging, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, and nanoindentation testing. To predict how the mechanical behavior of osteons is affected by shifts in collagen fiber orientation, finite element models are generated. Fundamental disparities between both osteon types are observed: dark osteons are characterized by a higher degree of mineralization along with a higher ratio of inorganic to organic matrix components that lead to higher stiffness and the ability to resist plastic deformation under compression. On the contrary, bright osteons contain a higher fraction of collagen and provide enhanced ductility and energy dissipation due to lower stiffness and hardness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kilian E Stockhausen
- Department of Osteology and Biomechanics, University Medical Center, Lottestrasse 55a, 22529 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Mahan Qwamizadeh
- Department of Osteology and Biomechanics, University Medical Center, Lottestrasse 55a, 22529 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Eva M Wölfel
- Department of Osteology and Biomechanics, University Medical Center, Lottestrasse 55a, 22529 Hamburg, Germany
- Forum Medical Technology Health Hamburg (FMTHH), Butenfeld 34, 22529 Hamburg, Germany
- Interdisciplinary Competence Center for Interface Research (ICCIR), Martinistrasse 52, 20251 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Haniyeh Hemmatian
- Department of Osteology and Biomechanics, University Medical Center, Lottestrasse 55a, 22529 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Imke A K Fiedler
- Department of Osteology and Biomechanics, University Medical Center, Lottestrasse 55a, 22529 Hamburg, Germany
- Forum Medical Technology Health Hamburg (FMTHH), Butenfeld 34, 22529 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Silja Flenner
- Institute of Materials Research, Helmholtz-Zentrum Geesthacht, Max-Planck-Straße 1, 21502 Geesthacht, Germany
| | - Elena Longo
- Institute of Materials Research, Helmholtz-Zentrum Geesthacht, Max-Planck-Straße 1, 21502 Geesthacht, Germany
| | - Michael Amling
- Department of Osteology and Biomechanics, University Medical Center, Lottestrasse 55a, 22529 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Imke Greving
- Institute of Materials Research, Helmholtz-Zentrum Geesthacht, Max-Planck-Straße 1, 21502 Geesthacht, Germany
| | - Robert O Ritchie
- Materials Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Felix N Schmidt
- Department of Osteology and Biomechanics, University Medical Center, Lottestrasse 55a, 22529 Hamburg, Germany
- Forum Medical Technology Health Hamburg (FMTHH), Butenfeld 34, 22529 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Björn Busse
- Department of Osteology and Biomechanics, University Medical Center, Lottestrasse 55a, 22529 Hamburg, Germany
- Interdisciplinary Competence Center for Interface Research (ICCIR), Martinistrasse 52, 20251 Hamburg, Germany
- Materials Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
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Wölfel EM, Jähn-Rickert K, Schmidt FN, Wulff B, Mushumba H, Sroga GE, Püschel K, Milovanovic P, Amling M, Campbell GM, Vashishth D, Busse B. Individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus show dimorphic and heterogeneous patterns of loss in femoral bone quality. Bone 2020; 140:115556. [PMID: 32730921 DOI: 10.1016/j.bone.2020.115556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2020] [Revised: 07/09/2020] [Accepted: 07/09/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), a metabolic disease on the rise, is associated with substantial increase in bone fracture risk. Because individuals with T2DM have normal or high bone mineral density (BMD), osteodensitometric measurements of BMD do not predict fracture risk with T2DM. Here, we aim to identify the underlying mechanism of the diabetes-induced fracture risk using a high-resolution multi-scale analysis of human cortical bone with special emphasis on osseous cellular activity. Specifically, we show increased cortical porosity in a subgroup of T2DM individuals accompanied by changed mineralization patterns and glycoxidative damage to bone protein, caused by non-enzymatic glycation of bone by reducing sugar. Furthermore, the high porosity T2DM subgroup presents with higher regional mineralization heterogeneity and lower mineral maturity, whereas in the T2DM subgroup regional higher mineral-to-matrix ratio was observed. Both T2DM groups show significantly higher carboxymethyl-lysine accumulation. Our results show a dimorphic pattern of cortical bone reorganization in individuals afflicted with T2DM and hence provide new insight into the diabetic bone disease leading to increased fracture risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eva M Wölfel
- Department of Osteology and Biomechanics, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Katharina Jähn-Rickert
- Department of Osteology and Biomechanics, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Felix N Schmidt
- Department of Osteology and Biomechanics, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Birgit Wulff
- Department of Forensic Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Herbert Mushumba
- Department of Forensic Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Grazyna E Sroga
- Center for Biotechnology and Interdisciplinary Studies, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, NY, USA
| | - Klaus Püschel
- Department of Forensic Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Petar Milovanovic
- Department of Osteology and Biomechanics, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany; Laboratory for Anthropology and Skeletal Biology, Institute of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Michael Amling
- Department of Osteology and Biomechanics, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Graeme M Campbell
- Department of Osteology and Biomechanics, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Deepak Vashishth
- Center for Biotechnology and Interdisciplinary Studies, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, NY, USA
| | - Björn Busse
- Department of Osteology and Biomechanics, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany.
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Barba A, Diez-Escudero A, Espanol M, Bonany M, Sadowska JM, Guillem-Marti J, Öhman-Mägi C, Persson C, Manzanares MC, Franch J, Ginebra MP. Impact of Biomimicry in the Design of Osteoinductive Bone Substitutes: Nanoscale Matters. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2019; 11:8818-8830. [PMID: 30740968 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.8b20749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Bone apatite consists of carbonated calcium-deficient hydroxyapatite (CDHA) nanocrystals. Biomimetic routes allow fabricating synthetic bone grafts that mimic biological apatite. In this work, we explored the role of two distinctive features of biomimetic apatites, namely, nanocrystal morphology (plate vs needle-like crystals) and carbonate content, on the bone regeneration potential of CDHA scaffolds in an in vivo canine model. Both ectopic bone formation and scaffold degradation were drastically affected by the nanocrystal morphology after intramuscular implantation. Fine-CDHA foams with needle-like nanocrystals, comparable in size to bone mineral, showed a markedly higher osteoinductive potential and a superior degradation than chemically identical coarse-CDHA foams with larger plate-shaped crystals. These findings correlated well with the superior bone-healing capacity showed by the fine-CDHA scaffolds when implanted intraosseously. Moreover, carbonate doping of CDHA, which resulted in small plate-shaped nanocrystals, accelerated both the intrinsic osteoinduction and the bone healing capacity, and significantly increased the cell-mediated resorption. These results suggest that tuning the chemical composition and the nanostructural features may allow the material to enter the physiological bone remodeling cycle, promoting a tight synchronization between scaffold degradation and bone formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Albert Barba
- Bone Healing Group, Small Animal Surgery Department, Veterinary School , Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona , Bellaterra, 08193 Barcelona , Spain
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Caroline Öhman-Mägi
- Materials in Medicine Group, Division of Applied Materials Science, Department of Engineering Sciences , Uppsala University , 751 21 Uppsala , Sweden
| | - Cecilia Persson
- Materials in Medicine Group, Division of Applied Materials Science, Department of Engineering Sciences , Uppsala University , 751 21 Uppsala , Sweden
| | - Maria-Cristina Manzanares
- Human Anatomy and Embryology Unit, Department of Pathology and Experimental Therapeutics , Universitat de Barcelona , L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, 08907 Barcelona , Spain
| | - Jordi Franch
- Bone Healing Group, Small Animal Surgery Department, Veterinary School , Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona , Bellaterra, 08193 Barcelona , Spain
| | - Maria-Pau Ginebra
- Institute for Bioengineering of Catalonia (IBEC) , Barcelona Institute of Technology (BIST) , 08028 Barcelona , Spain
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Li M, Chen X, Yan J, Zhou L, Wang Y, He F, Lin J, Zhu C, Pan G, Yu J, Pei M, Yang H, Liu T. Inhibition of osteoclastogenesis by stem cell-derived extracellular matrix through modulation of intracellular reactive oxygen species. Acta Biomater 2018. [PMID: 29526830 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2018.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Decellularized extracellular matrix (ECM) derived from stem cells has been shown as a promising biomaterial for bone regeneration because of the promotion effect on osteogenesis in mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). However, bone regeneration is also influenced by bone resorption and little is known about the effect of cell-derived ECM on osteoclast differentiation. In this study, ECM was deposited by MSCs and, after decellularization, the effect of ECM on osteoclastogenesis of bone marrow monocytes (BMMs) was investigated in comparison to standard tissue culture polystyrene. Our results showed that cell-derived ECM improved BMM proliferation but potently inhibited osteoclast differentiation, evidenced by down-regulation of multinucleated tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP)-positive cells, areas of actin rings, and osteoclast-specific gene expression. ECM-mediated attenuation of intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) was suggested to play a rival role in the inhibition of osteoclastogenesis, because exogenous hydrogen peroxide supplementation partially rescued the ECM-inhibited osteoclastogenesis. Furthermore, rather than collagen type I, fibronectin in the ECM contributed to ECM-mediated anti-osteoclastogenesis. In conclusion, stem cell-derived decellularized ECM significantly suppressed osteoclastogenesis via the attenuation of intracellular ROS. The anti-osteoclastogenic property of cell-derived ECM may benefit its clinical use for modulating bone remodeling and promoting bone tissue engineering. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE Decellularized extracellular matrix (ECM) derived from stem cells has been shown as a promising biomaterial for bone regeneration; however, bone remodeling is influenced by bone resorption and little is known about the effect of cell-derived ECM on osteoclast differentiation. Cell-derived ECM improved BMM proliferation but potently inhibited osteoclast differentiation. ECM-mediated attenuation of intracellular reactive oxygen species was suggested to play a rival role in osteoclastogenesis. Fibronectin in cell-derived ECM also contributed to ECM-mediated anti-osteoclastogenesis. The anti-osteoclastogenic property of cell-derived ECM may benefit clinically for modulating bone remodeling and promoting bone tissue engineering.
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Novel Development of Phosphate Treated Porous Hydroxyapatite. MATERIALS 2017; 10:ma10121405. [PMID: 29292788 PMCID: PMC5744340 DOI: 10.3390/ma10121405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2017] [Revised: 11/27/2017] [Accepted: 12/04/2017] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Phosphoric acid-etching treatment to the hydroxyapatite (HA) surface can modify the solubility calcium structure. The aim of the present study was to develop phosphate treated porous HA, and the characteristic structures and stimulation abilities of bone formation were evaluated to determine its suitability as a new type of bone graft material. Although the phosphoric acid-etching treatment did not alter the three-dimensional structure, a micrometer-scale rough surface topography was created on the porous HA surface. Compared to porous HA, the porosity of phosphate treated porous HA was slightly higher and the mechanical strength was lower. Two weeks after placement of the cylindrical porous or phosphate treated porous HA in a rabbit femur, newly formed bone was detected in both groups. At the central portion of the bone defect area, substantial bone formation was detected in the phosphate treated porous HA group, with a significantly higher bone formation ratio than detected in the porous HA group. These results indicate that phosphate treated porous HA has a superior surface topography and bone formation abilities in vivo owing to the capacity for both osteoconduction and stimulation abilities of bone formation conferred by phosphoric acid etching.
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10
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A Si-αTCP Scaffold for Biomedical Applications: An Experimental Study Using the Rabbit Tibia Model. APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2017. [DOI: 10.3390/app7070706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
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11
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Ciapetti G, Di Pompo G, Avnet S, Martini D, Diez-Escudero A, Montufar EB, Ginebra MP, Baldini N. Osteoclast differentiation from human blood precursors on biomimetic calcium-phosphate substrates. Acta Biomater 2017; 50:102-113. [PMID: 27940198 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2016.12.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2016] [Revised: 11/08/2016] [Accepted: 12/06/2016] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
The design of synthetic bone grafts to foster bone formation is a challenge in regenerative medicine. Understanding the interaction of bone substitutes with osteoclasts is essential, since osteoclasts not only drive a timely resorption of the biomaterial, but also trigger osteoblast activity. In this study, the adhesion and differentiation of human blood-derived osteoclast precursors (OCP) on two different micro-nanostructured biomimetic hydroxyapatite materials consisting in coarse (HA-C) and fine HA (HA-F) crystals, in comparison with sintered stoichiometric HA (sin-HA, reference material), were investigated. Osteoclasts were induced to differentiate by RANKL-containing supernatant using cell/substrate direct and indirect contact systems, and calcium (Ca++) and phosphorus (P5+) in culture medium were measured. We observed that OCP adhered to the experimental surfaces, and that osteoclast-like cells formed at a rate influenced by the micro- and nano-structure of HA, which also modulate extracellular Ca++. Qualitative differences were found between OCP on biomimetic HA-C and HA-F and their counterparts on plastic and sin-HA. On HA-C and HA-F cells shared typical features of mature osteoclasts, i.e. podosomes, multinuclearity, tartrate acid phosphatase (TRAP)-positive staining, and TRAP5b-enzyme release. However, cells were less in number compared to those on plastic or on sin-HA, and they did not express some specific osteoclast markers. In conclusion, blood-derived OCP are able to attach to biomimetic and sintered HA substrates, but their subsequent fusion and resorptive activity are hampered by surface micro-nano-structure. Indirect cultures suggest that fusion of OCP is sensitive to topography and to extracellular calcium. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE The novelty of the paper is the differentiation of human blood-derived osteoclast precursors, instead of mouse-derived macrophages as used in most studies, directly on biomimetic micro-nano structured HA-based surfaces, as triggered by osteoblast-produced factors (RANKL/OPG), and influenced by chemistry and topography of the substrate(s). Biomimetic HA-surfaces, like those obtained in calcium phosphate cements, are very different from the conventional calcium phosphate ceramics, both in terms of topography and ion exchange. The role of these factors in modulating precursors' differentiation and activity is analysed. The system is closely reproducing the physiological process of attachment of host cells and further maturation to osteoclasts toward resorption of the substrate, which occurs in vivo after filling bone defects with the calcium phosphate grafts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriela Ciapetti
- Orthopaedic Pathophysiology and Regenerative Medicine Unit, Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Bologna, Italy.
| | - Gemma Di Pompo
- Orthopaedic Pathophysiology and Regenerative Medicine Unit, Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Bologna, Italy; Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, University of Bologna, Italy.
| | - Sofia Avnet
- Orthopaedic Pathophysiology and Regenerative Medicine Unit, Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Bologna, Italy.
| | - Desirée Martini
- Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, University of Bologna, Italy.
| | - Anna Diez-Escudero
- Biomaterials, Biomechanics and Tissue Engineering Group, Department of Materials Science and Metallurgy, Technical University of Catalonia, BarcelonaTech (UPC), Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Edgar B Montufar
- Biomaterials, Biomechanics and Tissue Engineering Group, Department of Materials Science and Metallurgy, Technical University of Catalonia, BarcelonaTech (UPC), Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Maria-Pau Ginebra
- Biomaterials, Biomechanics and Tissue Engineering Group, Department of Materials Science and Metallurgy, Technical University of Catalonia, BarcelonaTech (UPC), Barcelona, Spain; Institute for Bioengineering of Catalonia, Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Nicola Baldini
- Orthopaedic Pathophysiology and Regenerative Medicine Unit, Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Bologna, Italy; Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, University of Bologna, Italy.
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