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Chen W, Zheng H, Liao Q, Zeng S, Bai R, Shi J, Jiang Y, Wang T, Jia H, Liang W, Du W, Chen H. Zhuang-Gu-Fang promotes osteoblast differentiation via myoblasts and myoblast-derived exosomal miRNAs:miR-5100, miR-126a-3p, miR-450b-5p, and miR-669a-5p. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 130:155718. [PMID: 38795694 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2024.155718] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2023] [Revised: 04/15/2024] [Accepted: 05/05/2024] [Indexed: 05/28/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Senile osteoporosis (SOP) is an age-related systemic metabolic bone disorder. Previous studies have proved that Zhuang-Gu-Fang (ZGF) modulates myokines, stimulates osteogenic differentiation, and mitigates osteoporosis. OBJECTIVE To elucidate the mechanism by which ZGF promotes osteogenic differentiation via myoblast and myoblast exosomal microRNAs (miRNAs) and investigate its potential implications in senile osteoporosis. METHODS Characterization of ZGF and ZGF serum using UHPLC-MS/MS. An alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity assay and staining techniques were employed to corroborate the impacts of ZGF on the osteogenic differentiation of bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) via myoblasts. Subsequently, exosomes derived from myoblasts were isolated through ultracentrifugation. The effects of ZGF on the BMSCs' osteogenic differentiation were substantiated through ALP activity, alizarin red staining, and a quantitative real-time polymerase reaction system (qRT-PCR). Selected miRNAs were identified via high-throughput sequencing and subjected to differential expression analysis, and subsequently validated through qRT-PCR. The senescence-accelerated (SAMP6) mice were selected as the SOP models. qRT-PCR analyses were further conducted to confirm the expression levels of these selected miRNAs in the muscle and bone tissues of the SAMP6 mice, and the protein expression of osteogenesis-related transcription factors OCN and Osterix in its bone tissue was evaluated by immunofluorescence staining analysis (IF). RESULTS ZGF may enhance the osteogenic differentiation of BMSCs through myoblasts and myoblast-derived exosomes. High-throughput sequencing, differential expression analysis, and subsequent qRT-PCR validation identified four miRNAs that stood out due to their significant differential expression: miR-5100, miR-142a-3p, miR-126a-3p, miR-450b-5p and miR-669a-5p. Moreover, the mice experiment corroborated these findings, which revealed that ZGF not only up-regulated the expression of miR-5100, miR-450b-5p and miR-126a-3p in muscle and bone tissues but also concurrently down-regulated the expression of miR-669a-5p in these tissues. IF staining analysis indicated that ZGF can significantly increase the protein expression of the osteogenic transcription factors OCN and Osterix in the bone tissue of mice with SOP. CONCLUSIONS ZGF can promote osteogenic differentiation of osteoblasts, regulate bone metabolism, and thereby delay the process of SOP. Perhaps, its mechanism is to upregulate myoblast-derived exosomes miR-5100, miR-126a-3p, and miR-450b-5p or downregulate miR-669a-5p. This study reports for the first time that myoblast exosomes miR-669a-5p and miR-450b-5p are novel targets for the regulation of osteoblastic differentiation and the treatment of SOP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenhui Chen
- School of Graduate, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning 530001, China; Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, 89-9 Dongge Road, Nanning 530023, China.
| | - Hongxiang Zheng
- School of Graduate, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning 530001, China
| | - Qiulan Liao
- School of Graduate, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning 530001, China
| | - Shiqi Zeng
- School of Graduate, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning 530001, China
| | - Rui Bai
- School of Graduate, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning 530001, China; Faculty of Chinese Medicine Science, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning 530222, China
| | - Jun Shi
- School of Public Health and Management, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning 530007, China
| | - Yunxia Jiang
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, 89-9 Dongge Road, Nanning 530023, China
| | - Ting Wang
- School of Graduate, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning 530001, China
| | - Hongyang Jia
- School of Graduate, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning 530001, China
| | - Wei Liang
- School of Graduate, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning 530001, China
| | - Wei Du
- School of Graduate, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning 530001, China
| | - Haiqing Chen
- School of Graduate, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning 530001, China
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2
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Noor Azlan NAB, Vitus V, Nor Rashid N, Nordin F, Tye GJ, Wan Kamarul Zaman WS. Human mesenchymal stem cell secretomes: Factors affecting profiling and challenges in clinical application. Cell Tissue Res 2024; 395:227-250. [PMID: 38244032 DOI: 10.1007/s00441-023-03857-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2023] [Accepted: 12/21/2023] [Indexed: 01/22/2024]
Abstract
The promising field of regenerative medicine is thrilling as it can repair and restore organs for various debilitating diseases. Mesenchymal stem cells are one of the main components in regenerative medicine that work through the release of secretomes. By adopting the use of the secretome in cell-free-based therapy, we may be able to address the challenges faced in cell-based therapy. As one of the components of cell-free-based therapy, secretome has the advantage of a better safety and efficacy profile than mesenchymal stem cells. However, secretome has its challenges that need to be addressed, such as its bioprocessing methods that may impact the secretome content and its mechanisms of action in clinical settings. Effective and standardization of bioprocessing protocols are important to ensure the supply and sustainability of secretomes for clinical applications. This may eventually impact its commercialization and marketability. In this review, the bioprocessing methods and their impacts on the secretome profile and treatment are discussed. This improves understanding of its fundamental aspects leading to potential clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Vieralynda Vitus
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Malaya, 50603, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
- Centre for Innovation in Medical Engineering, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Malaya, 50603, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Nurshamimi Nor Rashid
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Malaya, 50603, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Fazlina Nordin
- Centre for Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 56000, Cheras, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Gee Jun Tye
- Institute for Research in Molecular Medicine (INFORMM), Universiti Sains Malaysia, 11800, Minden, Pulau Pinang, Malaysia
| | - Wan Safwani Wan Kamarul Zaman
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Malaya, 50603, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
- Centre for Innovation in Medical Engineering, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Malaya, 50603, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
- Department of Pharmaceutical Life Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universiti Malaya, 50603, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
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Rahmati M, Haffner M, Lee MA, Leach JK, Saiz AM. The critical impact of traumatic muscle loss on fracture healing: Basic science and clinical aspects. J Orthop Res 2024; 42:249-258. [PMID: 37990953 DOI: 10.1002/jor.25746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2023] [Revised: 10/05/2023] [Accepted: 11/20/2023] [Indexed: 11/23/2023]
Abstract
Musculoskeletal trauma, specifically fractures, is a leading cause of patient morbidity and disability worldwide. In approximately 20% of cases with fracture and related traumatic muscle loss, bone healing is impaired leading to fracture nonunion. Over the past few years, several studies have demonstrated that bone and the surrounding muscle tissue interact not only anatomically and mechanically but also through biochemical pathways and mediators. Severe damage to the surrounding musculature at the fracture site causes an insufficiency in muscle-derived osteoprogenitor cells that are crucial for fracture healing. As an endocrine tissue, skeletal muscle produces many myokines that act on different bone cells, such as osteoblasts, osteoclasts, osteocytes, and mesenchymal stem cells. Investigating how muscle influences fracture healing at cellular, molecular, and hormonal levels provides translational therapeutic solutions to this clinical challenge. This review provides an overview about the contributions of surrounding muscle tissue in directing fracture healing. The focus of the review is on describing the interactions between bone and muscle in both healthy and fractured environments. We discuss current progress in identifying the bone-muscle molecular pathways and strategies to harness these pathways as cues for accelerating fracture healing. In addition, we review the existing challenges and research opportunities in the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Rahmati
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of California, Davis, Sacramento, California, USA
| | - Max Haffner
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of California, Davis, Sacramento, California, USA
| | - Mark A Lee
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of California, Davis, Sacramento, California, USA
| | - Jonathan Kent Leach
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of California, Davis, Sacramento, California, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of California, Davis, Davis, California, USA
| | - Augustine M Saiz
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of California, Davis, Sacramento, California, USA
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4
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Yang Y, Wu Y, Yang D, Neo SH, Kadir ND, Goh D, Tan JX, Denslin V, Lee EH, Yang Z. Secretive derived from hypoxia preconditioned mesenchymal stem cells promote cartilage regeneration and mitigate joint inflammation via extracellular vesicles. Bioact Mater 2023; 27:98-112. [PMID: 37006826 PMCID: PMC10063382 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioactmat.2023.03.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2022] [Revised: 02/23/2023] [Accepted: 03/22/2023] [Indexed: 03/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Secretome derived from mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have profound effects on tissue regeneration, which could become the basis of future MSCs therapies. Hypoxia, as the physiologic environment of MSCs, has great potential to enhance MSCs paracrine therapeutic effect. In our study, the paracrine effects of secretome derived from MSCs preconditioned in normoxia and hypoxia was compared through both in vitro functional assays and an in vivo rat osteochondral defect model. Specifically, the paracrine effect of total EVs were compared to that of soluble factors to characterize the predominant active components in the hypoxic secretome. We demonstrated that hypoxia conditioned medium, as well as the corresponding EVs, at a relatively low dosage, were efficient in promoting the repair of critical-sized osteochondral defects and mitigated the joint inflammation in a rat osteochondral defect model, relative to their normoxia counterpart. In vitro functional test shows enhancement through chondrocyte proliferation, migration, and matrix deposition, while inhibit IL-1β-induced chondrocytes senescence, inflammation, matrix degradation, and pro-inflammatory macrophage activity. Multiple functional proteins, as well as a change in EVs' size profile, with enrichment of specific EV-miRNAs were detected with hypoxia preconditioning, implicating complex molecular pathways involved in hypoxia pre-conditioned MSCs secretome generated cartilage regeneration.
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5
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Ivanisova D, Bohac M, Culenova M, Smolinska V, Danisovic L. Mesenchymal-Stromal-Cell-Conditioned Media and Their Implication for Osteochondral Regeneration. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24109054. [PMID: 37240400 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24109054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2023] [Revised: 05/09/2023] [Accepted: 05/17/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Despite significant advances in biomedical research, osteochondral defects resulting from injury, an autoimmune condition, cancer, or other pathological conditions still represent a significant medical problem. Even though there are several conservative and surgical treatment approaches, in many cases, they do not bring the expected results and further permanent damage to the cartilage and bones occurs. Recently, cell-based therapies and tissue engineering have gradually become promising alternatives. They combine the use of different types of cells and biomaterials to induce regeneration processes or replace damaged osteochondral tissue. One of the main challenges of this approach before clinical translation is the large-scale in vitro expansion of cells without changing their biological properties, while the use of conditioned media which contains various bioactive molecules appears to be very important. The presented manuscript provides a review of the experiments focused on osteochondral regeneration by using conditioned media. In particular, the effect on angiogenesis, tissue healing, paracrine signaling, and enhancing the properties of advanced materials are pointed out.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dana Ivanisova
- Regenmed Ltd., Medena 29, 811 01 Bratislava, Slovakia
- Institute of Medical Biology, Genetics and Clinical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University, Sasinkova 4, 811 08 Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Martin Bohac
- Regenmed Ltd., Medena 29, 811 01 Bratislava, Slovakia
- Centre for Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine-Translational Research Unit in the Branch of Regenerative Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University, Sasinkova 4, 811 08 Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Martina Culenova
- Institute of Medical Biology, Genetics and Clinical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University, Sasinkova 4, 811 08 Bratislava, Slovakia
- National Institute of Rheumatic Diseases, Nábrežie I. Krasku 4, 921 12 Piešťany, Slovakia
| | - Veronika Smolinska
- Institute of Medical Biology, Genetics and Clinical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University, Sasinkova 4, 811 08 Bratislava, Slovakia
- National Institute of Rheumatic Diseases, Nábrežie I. Krasku 4, 921 12 Piešťany, Slovakia
| | - Lubos Danisovic
- Institute of Medical Biology, Genetics and Clinical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University, Sasinkova 4, 811 08 Bratislava, Slovakia
- Centre for Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine-Translational Research Unit in the Branch of Regenerative Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University, Sasinkova 4, 811 08 Bratislava, Slovakia
- National Institute of Rheumatic Diseases, Nábrežie I. Krasku 4, 921 12 Piešťany, Slovakia
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6
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Gionet-Gonzales MA, Gresham RCH, Griffin KH, Casella A, Wohlgemuth RP, Ramos-Rodriguez DH, Lowen J, Smith LR, Leach JK. Mesenchymal stromal cell spheroids in sulfated alginate enhance muscle regeneration. Acta Biomater 2023; 155:271-281. [PMID: 36328130 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2022.10.054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2022] [Revised: 09/26/2022] [Accepted: 10/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
The therapeutic efficacy of mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) for tissue regeneration is critically linked to the potency of the complex mixture of growth factors, cytokines, exosomes, and other biological cues that they secrete. The duration of cell-based approaches is limited by rapid loss of cells upon implantation, motivating the need to prolong cell viability and extend the therapeutic influence of the secretome. We and others demonstrated that the secretome is upregulated when MSCs are formed into spheroids. Although the efficacy of the MSC secretome has been characterized in the literature, no studies have reported the therapeutic benefit of in situ sequestration of the secretome within a wound site using engineered biomaterials. We previously demonstrated the capacity of sulfated alginate hydrogels to sequester components of the MSC secretome for prolonged presentation in vitro, yet the efficacy of this platform has not been evaluated in vivo. In this study, we used sulfated alginate hydrogels loaded with MSC spheroids to aid in the regeneration of a rat muscle crush injury. We hypothesized that the use of sulfated alginate to bind therapeutically relevant growth factors from the MSC spheroid secretome would enhance muscle regeneration by recruiting host cells into the tissue site. The combination of sulfated alginate and MSC spheroids resulted in decreased collagen deposition, improved myogenic marker expression, and increased neuromuscular junctions 2 weeks after injury. These data indicate that MSC spheroids delivered in sulfated alginate represent a promising approach for decreased fibrosis and increased functional regeneration of muscle. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: The therapeutic efficacy of mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) for tissue regeneration is attributed to the complex diversity of the secretome. Cell-based approaches are limited by rapid cell death, motivating the need to extend the availability of the secretome. We previously demonstrated that sulfated alginate hydrogels sequester components of the MSC secretome for prolonged presentation in vitro, yet no studies have reported the in situ sequestration of the secretome. Herein, we transplanted MSC spheroids in sulfated alginate hydrogels to promote muscle regeneration. MSC spheroids in sulfated alginate decreased collagen deposition, improved myogenic marker expression, and increased neuromuscular junctions. These data indicate that MSC spheroids delivered in sulfated alginate represent a promising approach for decreasing fibrosis and increasing functional muscle regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Robert C H Gresham
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, School of Medicine, UC Davis Health, Sacramento, CA, USA
| | - Katherine H Griffin
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, School of Medicine, UC Davis Health, Sacramento, CA, USA; School of Veterinary Medicine, UC Davis, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Alena Casella
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, School of Medicine, UC Davis Health, Sacramento, CA, USA
| | - Ross P Wohlgemuth
- Department of Neurobiology, Physiology and Behavior, UC Davis, Davis, CA, USA
| | | | - Jeremy Lowen
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, School of Medicine, UC Davis Health, Sacramento, CA, USA
| | - Lucas R Smith
- Department of Neurobiology, Physiology and Behavior, UC Davis, Davis, CA, USA; Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, UC Davis Health, Sacramento, CA, USA
| | - J Kent Leach
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, School of Medicine, UC Davis Health, Sacramento, CA, USA; Department of Biomedical Engineering, UC Davis, Davis, CA, USA.
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7
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Strategies to capitalize on cell spheroid therapeutic potential for tissue repair and disease modeling. NPJ Regen Med 2022; 7:70. [PMID: 36494368 PMCID: PMC9734656 DOI: 10.1038/s41536-022-00266-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2022] [Accepted: 11/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Cell therapies offer a tailorable, personalized treatment for use in tissue engineering to address defects arising from trauma, inefficient wound repair, or congenital malformation. However, most cell therapies have achieved limited success to date. Typically injected in solution as monodispersed cells, transplanted cells exhibit rapid cell death or insufficient retention at the site, thereby limiting their intended effects to only a few days. Spheroids, which are dense, three-dimensional (3D) aggregates of cells, enhance the beneficial effects of cell therapies by increasing and prolonging cell-cell and cell-matrix signaling. The use of spheroids is currently under investigation for many cell types. Among cells under evaluation, spheroids formed of mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) are particularly promising. MSC spheroids not only exhibit increased cell survival and retained differentiation, but they also secrete a potent secretome that promotes angiogenesis, reduces inflammation, and attracts endogenous host cells to promote tissue regeneration and repair. However, the clinical translation of spheroids has lagged behind promising preclinical outcomes due to hurdles in their formation, instruction, and use that have yet to be overcome. This review will describe the current state of preclinical spheroid research and highlight two key examples of spheroid use in clinically relevant disease modeling. It will highlight techniques used to instruct the phenotype and function of spheroids, describe current limitations to their use, and offer suggestions for the effective translation of cell spheroids for therapeutic treatments.
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8
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Stojanovska V, Arnold S, Bauer M, Voss H, Fest S, Zenclussen AC. Characterization of Three-Dimensional Trophoblast Spheroids: An Alternative Model to Study the Physiological Properties of the Placental Unit. Cells 2022; 11:cells11182884. [PMID: 36139458 PMCID: PMC9497053 DOI: 10.3390/cells11182884] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2022] [Accepted: 09/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
It was postulated that 3D cell culture models more accurately reflect the complex tissue physiology and morphology in comparison to 2D cell monolayers. Currently, there is a shortage of well-characterized and easily maintainable high-throughput experimental models of the human placenta. Here, we characterized three different 3D cultures (e.g., spheroids) derived from trophoblast cell lines and studied their functionality in comparison to primary fetal trophoblasts and placental tissue. The spheroid growth rates of JEG3, BeWo and HTR8/SVneo cell lines were similar among each other and were significantly larger in comparison to primary trophoblast spheroids. All spheroids exhibited migratory properties and shortest distances were registered for JEG3 spheroids. Even though all spheroids displayed invasive capabilities, only the invasive features of HTR8/SVneo spheroids resulted in specific branching. This was in agreement with the invasive properties of the spheroids obtained from primary trophoblasts. Human chorionic gonadotropin production was highest in JEG3 spheroids and only increased when stimulated with cAMP and forskolin in BeWo, but not HTR8/SVneo spheroids. The gene expression analysis confirmed that 3D trophoblast cell cultures and especially HTR8/SVneo spheroids showed considerable similarities with the gene expression profile of primary placental tissue. This study offers a broad characterization of 3D trophoblast spheroids that, in turn, can help in selecting the best model depending on the scientific question that needs to be answered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Violeta Stojanovska
- Department of Environmental Immunology, Helmholtz Center for Environmental Research, 04318 Leipzig, Germany
- Correspondence:
| | - Susanne Arnold
- Department of Environmental Immunology, Helmholtz Center for Environmental Research, 04318 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Mario Bauer
- Department of Environmental Immunology, Helmholtz Center for Environmental Research, 04318 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Hermann Voss
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Städtisches Klinikum Dessau, Academic Hospital of University Brandenburg, 06847 Dessau-Rosslau, Germany
| | - Stefan Fest
- Department of Environmental Immunology, Helmholtz Center for Environmental Research, 04318 Leipzig, Germany
- Department of Pediatrics, Städtisches Klinikum Dessau, Academic Hospital of University Brandenburg, 06847 Dessau-Rosslau, Germany
| | - Ana Claudia Zenclussen
- Department of Environmental Immunology, Helmholtz Center for Environmental Research, 04318 Leipzig, Germany
- Saxonian Incubator for Translational Research, University of Leipzig, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
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Yi H, Wang Y, Liang Q, Mao X. Preclinical and Clinical Amelioration of Bone Fractures with Mesenchymal Stromal Cells: a Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Cell Transplant 2022; 31:9636897211051743. [PMID: 35916286 PMCID: PMC9350497 DOI: 10.1177/09636897211051743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Even though reunion of bone fracture confronts clinicians, mesenchymal stromal
cells (MSCs) are investigated to be curative in bone fracture. This study aimed
to explore the application potential of MSCs for healing bone fractures. By
inputting search terms and retrieving studies published up to March 2021,
multiple databases, including PubMed, EMBASE, Web of Science, and Cochrane
Library, were searched to identify eligible studies. The mean difference (MD)
and 95% confidence interval (95% CI) were calculated to analyze the main results
in the meta-analysis. Data analysis was performed using Engauge Digitizer 10.8
and R Software. Of the 31 articles, 26 were preclinical studies
(n = 913), and 5 were clinical trials (n =
335). Preclinically, MSCs therapy significantly augmented the progress of bone
regeneration [(bone volume over tissue volume (MD7.35, p <
0.01)], despite some non-significant effects (on the callus index, bone
strength, work to failure, and stiffness). Clinically, the MSC group had a
significantly reduced incidence of poor recovery (odds ratio (OR) 0.30,
p < 0.01); however, a significant decrease in healing
time was not observed in the MSC group (MD 2.47, p = 0.26). In
summary, our data suggest that patients with bone fractures benefited from MSC
administration and that MSCs are a potentially useful agent for bone
regeneration. Despite these satisfactory outcomes, larger randomised clinical
trials (RCTs) are necessary to confirm these findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanxiao Yi
- Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yang Wang
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Qunying Liang
- Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaoqun Mao
- Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
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Gionet-Gonzales M, Casella A, Diloretto D, Ginnell C, Griffin KH, Bigot A, Leach JK. Sulfated Alginate Hydrogels Prolong the Therapeutic Potential of MSC Spheroids by Sequestering the Secretome. Adv Healthc Mater 2021; 10:e2101048. [PMID: 34486244 PMCID: PMC8568671 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202101048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2021] [Revised: 08/13/2021] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Cell-based approaches to tissue repair suffer from rapid cell death upon implantation, limiting the window for therapeutic intervention. Despite robust lineage-specific differentiation potential in vitro, the function of transplanted mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) in vivo is largely attributed to their potent secretome comprising a variety of growth factors (GFs). Furthermore, GF secretion is markedly increased when MSCs are formed into spheroids. Native GFs are sequestered within the extracellular matrix (ECM) via sulfated glycosaminoglycans, increasing the potency of GF signaling compared to their unbound form. To address the critical need to prolong the efficacy of transplanted cells, alginate hydrogels are modified with sulfate groups to sequester endogenous heparin-binding GFs secreted by MSC spheroids. The influence of crosslinking method and alginate modification is assessed on mechanical properties, degradation rate, and degree of sulfate modification. Sulfated alginate hydrogels sequester a mixture of MSC-secreted endogenous biomolecules, thereby prolonging the therapeutic effect of MSC spheroids for tissue regeneration. GFs are sequestered for longer durations within sulfated hydrogels and retain their bioactivity to regulate endothelial cell tubulogenesis and myoblast infiltration. This platform has the potential to prolong the therapeutic benefit of the MSC secretome and serve as a valuable tool for investigating GF sequestration.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Alena Casella
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA 95616
| | - Daphne Diloretto
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA 95616
| | - Clara Ginnell
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA 95616
| | - Katherine H. Griffin
- School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, CA, 95616, USA,Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, UC Davis Health, Sacramento, CA 95817
| | - Anne Bigot
- Universite de Paris, Institut de Myologie, Paris, France 75013
| | - J. Kent Leach
- Corresponding author: J. Kent Leach, Ph.D., University of California, Davis, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, 4860 Y Street, Suite 3800, Sacramento, CA 95817,
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11
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Zachos TA. CORR Insights®: Do Patient-derived Spheroid Culture Models Have Relevance in Chondrosarcoma Research? Clin Orthop Relat Res 2021; 479:491-492. [PMID: 32858721 PMCID: PMC7899737 DOI: 10.1097/corr.0000000000001428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2020] [Accepted: 07/07/2020] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Terri A Zachos
- T. A. Zachos, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of California Davis Health System, Sacramento, CA, USA
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12
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Song YL, Jiang H, Jiang NG, Jin YM, Zeng TT. Mesenchymal Stem Cell–Platelet Aggregates Increased in the Peripheral Blood of Patients with Acute Myocardial Infarction and Might Depend on the Stromal Cell-Derived Factor 1/CXCR4 Axis. Stem Cells Dev 2019; 28:1607-1619. [PMID: 31650891 DOI: 10.1089/scd.2019.0154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Ya-Li Song
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, P.R. China
| | - Hong Jiang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, P.R. China
| | - Neng-Gang Jiang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, P.R. China
| | - Yong-Mei Jin
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, P.R. China
| | - Ting-Ting Zeng
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, P.R. China
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Whitehead J, Kothambawala A, Leach JK. Morphogen Delivery by Osteoconductive Nanoparticles Instructs Stromal Cell Spheroid Phenotype. ADVANCED BIOSYSTEMS 2019; 3:1900141. [PMID: 32270027 PMCID: PMC7141413 DOI: 10.1002/adbi.201900141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2019] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (MSCs) exhibit a rapid loss in osteogenic phenotype upon removal of osteoinductive cues, as commonly occurs during transplantation. Osteogenic differentiation can be more effectively but not fully maintained by aggregating MSCs into spheroids. Therefore, the development of effective strategies that prolong the efficacy of inductive growth factors would be advantageous for advancing cell-based therapies. To address this challenge, osteoinductive bone morphogenetic protein-2 (BMP-2) was adsorbed to osteoconductive hydroxyapatite (HA) nanoparticles for incorporation into MSC spheroids. MSC induction was evaluated in osteogenic conditions and retention of the osteogenic phenotype in the absence of other osteogenic cues. HA was more uniformly incorporated into spheroids at lower concentrations, while BMP-2 dosage was dependent upon initial morphogen concentration. MSC spheroids containing BMP-2-loaded HA nanoparticles exhibited greater alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity and more uniform spatial expression of osteocalcin compared to spheroids with uncoated HA nanoparticles. Spheroids cultured in media containing soluble BMP-2 demonstrated differentiation only at the spheroid periphery. Furthermore, the osteogenic phenotype of MSC spheroids was better retained with BMP-2-laden HA upon the removal of soluble osteogenic cues. These findings represent a promising strategy for simultaneous delivery of osteoconductive and osteoinductive signals for enhancing MSC participation in bone formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacklyn Whitehead
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of California, Davis, CA 95616
| | - Alefia Kothambawala
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of California, Davis, CA 95616
| | - J Kent Leach
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of California, Davis, CA 95616
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