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Barak MM. Cortical and Trabecular Bone Modeling and Implications for Bone Functional Adaptation in the Mammalian Tibia. Bioengineering (Basel) 2024; 11:514. [PMID: 38790379 PMCID: PMC11118124 DOI: 10.3390/bioengineering11050514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2024] [Revised: 05/14/2024] [Accepted: 05/17/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Bone modeling involves the addition of bone material through osteoblast-mediated deposition or the removal of bone material via osteoclast-mediated resorption in response to perceived changes in loads by osteocytes. This process is characterized by the independent occurrence of deposition and resorption, which can take place simultaneously at different locations within the bone due to variations in stress levels across its different regions. The principle of bone functional adaptation states that cortical and trabecular bone tissues will respond to mechanical stimuli by adjusting (i.e., bone modeling) their morphology and architecture to mechanically improve their mechanical function in line with the habitual in vivo loading direction. This principle is relevant to various research areas, such as the development of improved orthopedic implants, preventative medicine for osteopenic elderly patients, and the investigation of locomotion behavior in extinct species. In the present review, the mammalian tibia is used as an example to explore cortical and trabecular bone modeling and to examine its implications for the functional adaptation of bones. Following a short introduction and an exposition on characteristics of mechanical stimuli that influence bone modeling, a detailed critical appraisal of the literature on cortical and trabecular bone modeling and bone functional adaptation is given. By synthesizing key findings from studies involving small mammals (rodents), large mammals, and humans, it is shown that examining both cortical and trabecular bone structures is essential for understanding bone functional adaptation. A combined approach can provide a more comprehensive understanding of this significant physiological phenomenon, as each structure contributes uniquely to the phenomenon.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meir M Barak
- Department of Veterinary Biomedical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Long Island University, Brookville, NY 11548, USA
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Barak MM. The trabecular architecture of the popliteal sesamoid bone (cyamella) from a New Zealand white rabbit (Oryctolagus cuniculus). J Morphol 2024; 285:e21660. [PMID: 38100742 DOI: 10.1002/jmor.21660] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2023] [Revised: 11/13/2023] [Accepted: 11/13/2023] [Indexed: 12/17/2023]
Abstract
Sesamoid bones are ossified structures that are embedded in tendons near articulation. They consist of an inner trabecular bone architecture surrounded by a thin cortical shell. While the formation of sesamoid bones is probably mainly controlled by genetic factors, the proper development and mineralization of a sesamoid bone depends also on mechanical stimulation. While most sesamoid bones are not loaded directly by other bones during locomotion, they still experience forces directed from the tendon in which they are embedded. In cases when the sesamoid bone is experiencing forces only from a single tendon, such as the cyamella in the rabbit, this may give us a tool to study bone functional adaptation in a relatively simple loading setting. This study investigates the internal trabecular architecture of the popliteal sesamoid bone (cyamellae) in New Zealand white (NZW) rabbits (Oryctolagus cuniculus). Five hind limbs of NZW rabbits were micro-computed tomography scanned and the cortical and trabecular architectures of the cyamellae were evaluated. The results revealed that similar to the patella, the cyamella has a thin cortex and a high trabecular bone volume fraction (BV/TV), which is derived mostly from the high trabecular thickness (Tb.Th). Trabecular BV/TV and Tb.Th were not distributed homogeneously, but they were lower at the periphery and higher closer to the proximal and middle of the cyamella, near the musculotendinous junction. The results also demonstrated that trabeculae tend to align along two recognizable orientations, one with the direction of tensile stresses, in line with the popliteal tendon, and the second bridging the narrow space between the cranial and caudal cortical faces of the bone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meir M Barak
- Department of Veterinary Biomedical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Long Island University, Brookville, New York, USA
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Marupudi S, Cao Q, Samala R, Petrick N. Characterization of mechanical stiffness using additive manufacturing and finite element analysis: potential tool for bone health assessment. 3D Print Med 2023; 9:32. [PMID: 37978094 PMCID: PMC10656885 DOI: 10.1186/s41205-023-00197-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2023] [Accepted: 11/07/2023] [Indexed: 11/19/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Bone health and fracture risk are known to be correlated with stiffness. Both micro-finite element analysis (μFEA) and mechanical testing of additive manufactured phantoms are useful approaches for estimating mechanical properties of trabecular bone-like structures. However, it is unclear if measurements from the two approaches are consistent. The purpose of this work is to evaluate the agreement between stiffness measurements obtained from mechanical testing of additive manufactured trabecular bone phantoms and μFEA modeling. Agreement between the two methods would suggest 3D printing is a viable method for validation of μFEA modeling. METHODS A set of 20 lumbar vertebrae regions of interests were segmented and the corresponding trabecular bone phantoms were produced using selective laser sintering. The phantoms were mechanically tested in uniaxial compression to derive their stiffness values. The stiffness values were also derived from in silico simulation, where linear elastic μFEA was applied to simulate the same compression and boundary conditions. Bland-Altman analysis was used to evaluate agreement between the mechanical testing and μFEA simulation values. Additionally, we evaluated the fidelity of the 3D printed phantoms as well as the repeatability of the 3D printing and mechanical testing process. RESULTS We observed good agreement between the mechanically tested stiffness and μFEA stiffness, with R2 of 0.84 and normalized root mean square deviation of 8.1%. We demonstrate that the overall trabecular bone structures are printed in high fidelity (Dice score of 0.97 (95% CI, [0.96,0.98]) and that mechanical testing is repeatable (coefficient of variation less than 5% for stiffness values from testing of duplicated phantoms). However, we noticed some defects in the resin microstructure of the 3D printed phantoms, which may account for the discrepancy between the stiffness values from simulation and mechanical testing. CONCLUSION Overall, the level of agreement achieved between the mechanical stiffness and μFEA indicates that our μFEA methods may be acceptable for assessing bone mechanics of complex trabecular structures as part of an analysis of overall bone health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sriharsha Marupudi
- Division of Imaging, Diagnostics, and Software Reliability, Office of Science and Engineering Labs, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, MD, USA
| | - Qian Cao
- Division of Imaging, Diagnostics, and Software Reliability, Office of Science and Engineering Labs, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, MD, USA.
| | - Ravi Samala
- Division of Imaging, Diagnostics, and Software Reliability, Office of Science and Engineering Labs, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, MD, USA
| | - Nicholas Petrick
- Division of Imaging, Diagnostics, and Software Reliability, Office of Science and Engineering Labs, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, MD, USA
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Huang X, Zheng L, Zheng D, Li S, Fan Y, Lin Z, Huang S. Studying trabecular bone samples demonstrates a power law relation between deteriorated structure and mechanical properties - a study combining 3D printing with the finite element method. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2023; 14:1061758. [PMID: 37334285 PMCID: PMC10273262 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1061758] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2022] [Accepted: 05/17/2023] [Indexed: 06/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction The bone volume fraction (BV/TV) significantly contributes to the mechanical properties of trabecular bone. However, when studies compare normal trabeculae against osteoporotic trabeculae (in terms of BV/TV decrease), only an "average" mechanical result has been determined because of the limitation that no two trabecular structures are the same and that each unique trabecular structure can be mechanically tested only once. The mathematic relation between individual structural deterioration and mechanical properties during aging or the osteoporosis process has yet to be further clarified. Three-dimensional (3D) printing and micro-CT-based finite element method (μFEM) can assist in overcoming this issue. Methods In this study, we 3D printed structural-identical but BV/TV value-attenuated trabecular bones (scaled up ×20) from the distal femur of healthy and ovariectomized rats and performed compression mechanical tests. Corresponding μFEM models were also established for simulations. The tissue modulus and strength of 3D printed trabecular bones as well as the effective tissue modulus (denoted as Ez) derived from μFEM models were finally corrected by the side-artifact correction factor. Results The results showed that the tissue modulus corrected, strength corrected and Ez corrected exhibited a significant power law function of BV/TV in structural-identical but BV/TV value-attenuated trabecular samples. Discussion Using 3D printed bones, this study confirms the long-known relationship measured in trabecular tissue with varying volume fractions. In the future, 3D printing may help us attain better bone strength evaluations and even personal fracture risk assessments for patients who suffer from osteoporosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiuhong Huang
- Stomatological Hospital, School of Stomatology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Liqin Zheng
- The First Clinical Medical College, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Desheng Zheng
- The First Clinical Medical College, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Shaobin Li
- The First Clinical Medical College, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Yueguang Fan
- Department of Joint Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ziling Lin
- Department of Orthopedic Trauma, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Shaohong Huang
- Stomatological Hospital, School of Stomatology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
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Li C, Sun F, Tian J, Li J, Sun H, Zhang Y, Guo S, Lin Y, Sun X, Zhao Y. Continuously released Zn 2+ in 3D-printed PLGA/β-TCP/Zn scaffolds for bone defect repair by improving osteoinductive and anti-inflammatory properties. Bioact Mater 2022; 24:361-375. [PMID: 36632506 PMCID: PMC9822837 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioactmat.2022.12.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2022] [Revised: 12/15/2022] [Accepted: 12/18/2022] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Long-term nonunion of bone defects has always been a major problem in orthopedic treatment. Artificial bone graft materials such as Poly (lactic-co-glycolic acid)/β-tricalcium phosphate (PLGA/β-TCP) scaffolds are expected to solve this problem due to their suitable degradation rate and good osteoconductivity. However, insufficient mechanical properties, lack of osteoinductivity and infections after implanted limit its large-scale clinical application. Hence, we proposed a novel bone repair bioscaffold by adding zinc submicron particles to PLGA/β-TCP using low temperature rapid prototyping 3D printing technology. We first screened the scaffolds with 1 wt% Zn that had good biocompatibility and could stably release a safe dose of zinc ions within 16 weeks to ensure long-term non-toxicity. As designed, the scaffold had a multi-level porous structure of biomimetic cancellous bone, and the Young's modulus (63.41 ± 1.89 MPa) and compressive strength (2.887 ± 0.025 MPa) of the scaffold were close to those of cancellous bone. In addition, after a series of in vitro and in vivo experiments, the scaffolds proved to have no adverse effects on the viability of BMSCs and promoted their adhesion and osteogenic differentiation, as well as exhibiting higher osteogenic and anti-inflammatory properties than PLGA/β-TCP scaffold without zinc particles. We also found that this osteogenic and anti-inflammatory effect might be related to Wnt/β-catenin, P38 MAPK and NFkB pathways. This study lay a foundation for the follow-up study of bone regeneration mechanism of Zn-containing biomaterials. We envision that this scaffold may become a new strategy for clinical treatment of bone defects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunxu Li
- Department of Orthopedics, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100730, China
| | - Fengbo Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Ceramics and Fine Processing, School of Materials, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Jingjing Tian
- Medical Science Research Center, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Jiahao Li
- Department of Orthopedics, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100730, China
| | - Haidan Sun
- Core Facility of Instrument, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and School of Basic Medicine, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Yong Zhang
- The State Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Biology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and School of Basic Medicine, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Shigong Guo
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Southmead Hospital, Bristol, UK
| | - Yuanhua Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Ceramics and Fine Processing, School of Materials, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaodan Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Ceramics and Fine Processing, School of Materials, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
- Corresponding author.
| | - Yu Zhao
- Department of Orthopedics, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100730, China
- Corresponding author.
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Trabecular bone ontogeny tracks neural development and life history among humans and non-human primates. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2022; 119:e2208772119. [PMID: 36459637 PMCID: PMC9894110 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2208772119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Trabecular bone-the spongy bone inside marrow cavities-adapts to its mechanical environment during growth and development. Trabecular structure can therefore be interpreted as a functional record of locomotor behavior in extinct vertebrates. In this paper, we expand upon traditional links between form and function by situating ontogenetic trajectories of trabecular bone in four primate species into the broader developmental context of neural development, locomotor control, and ultimately life history. Our aim is to show that trabecular bone structure provides insights into ontogenetic variation in locomotor loading conditions as the product of interactions between increases in body mass and neuromuscular maturation. Our results demonstrate that age-related changes in trabecular bone volume fraction (BV/TV) are strongly and linearly associated with ontogenetic changes in locomotor kinetics. Age-related variation in locomotor kinetics and BV/TV is in turn strongly associated with brain and body size growth in all species. These results imply that age-related variation in BV/TV is a strong proxy for both locomotor kinetics and neuromuscular maturation. Finally, we show that distinct changes in the slope of age-related variation in bone volume fraction correspond to the age of the onset of locomotion and the age of locomotor maturity. Our findings compliment previous studies linking bone development to locomotor mechanics by providing a fundamental link to brain development and life history. This implies that trabecular structure of fossil subadults can be a proxy for the rate of neuromuscular maturation and major life history events like locomotor onset and the achievement of adult-like locomotor repertoires.
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Zheng L, Huang X, Li C, Li P, Lin Z, Huang S. 3D printed trabeculae conditionally reproduce the mechanical properties of the actual trabeculae - A preliminary study. Heliyon 2022; 8:e12101. [PMID: 36544825 PMCID: PMC9761705 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2022.e12101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2022] [Revised: 10/13/2022] [Accepted: 11/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Three-dimensional (3D) printing has been used to fabricate synthetic trabeculae models and to test mechanical behavior that cannot be recognized in the actual sample, but the extent to which 3D printed trabeculae replicate the mechanical behavior of the actual trabeculae remains to be quantified. The aim of this study was to evaluate the accuracy of 3D printed trabeculae in reproducing the mechanical properties of the corresponding actual trabeculae. Twelve human trabecular cubes (5 × 5 × 5 mm) were scanned by micro-CT to form the trabecular 3D model. Each trabecular 3D model was scaled ×2-, ×3-, ×4- and ×5-fold and then printed twice at a layer thickness of 60 μm using poly (lactic acid) (PLA). The actual trabecular cubes and the 3D-printed trabecular cubes were first compressed under a loading rate of 1 mm/min; another replicated stack of 3D-printed trabecular cubes was compressed under a strain rate of 0.2/min. The results showed that the stiffness of the printed cubes tended to increase, while the strength tended to converge when the magnification increased under the two loading conditions. The strain rate effect was found in the printed cubes. The correlation coefficient (R2) of the mechanical properties between the printed and actual trabeculae can reach up to 0.94, especially under ×3-, ×4- and ×5-fold magnification. In conclusion, 3D printing could be a potential tool to evaluate the mechanical behavior of actual trabecular tissue in vitro and may help in the future to predict the risk of fracture and even personalize the treatment evaluation for osteoporosis and other trabecular bone pathologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liqin Zheng
- The First Clinical Medical College, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiuhong Huang
- Stomatological Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China,School of Stomatology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Chihung Li
- International College, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Pengfei Li
- Department of Orthopedics, The Affiliated Jiangmen Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital of Jinan University, Jiangmen, China,Department of Orthopedics, Jiangmen Central Hospital, Affiliated Jiangmen Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Jiangmen, China,Corresponding author.
| | - Ziling Lin
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China,Corresponding author.
| | - Shaohong Huang
- Stomatological Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China,School of Stomatology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China,Corresponding author.
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Medial tibial plateau sustaining higher physiological stress than the lateral plateau: based on 3D printing and finite element method. Biomed Eng Online 2022; 21:68. [PMID: 36114576 PMCID: PMC9482229 DOI: 10.1186/s12938-022-01039-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2022] [Accepted: 09/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Medial compartment knee osteoarthritis (KOA) accounts for most KOA cases, and increased trabecular bone volume fraction (BV/TV) is one of the pathological changes in the tibial plateau of KOA. How BV/TV changes before and after the menopause and its effects on medial compartment KOA are yet to be clarified. Methods Twenty femurs from twenty 12-week-old rats were included. The operated group underwent ovariectomy (to represent the osteoporosis condition), called the O group, and the non-operated group was the normal control, called the N group. Micro-CT scans of the femoral condyles were acquired 12 weeks after the surgery, and the volume of interest (VOI) of medial-, inter-, and lateral-condyle trabeculae were three-dimensional (3D) printed for uniaxial compression mechanical test and simulated by the finite element (FE) method. Results The results demonstrated that the O group indicated poorer trabecular architecture than the N group in three parts of the femoral condyle, especially in the intercondyle. Within the group, the BV/TV, trabecular thickness (Tb.Th), and trabecular number (Tb.N) ratios between the medial and lateral condyles were greater than 1 in both N and O groups. The medial condyle trabeculae's mechanical properties were higher than those of the lateral condyle, and this superiority appears to be broadened under osteoporotic conditions. FE modelling well reproduced these mechanical differentiations. Conclusions According to Wolff's law, the higher BV/TV and mechanical properties of the medial femoral condyle may be due to inherent imbalanced loading on the knee component. Alterations in BV/TV and their corresponding mechanical properties may accompany KOA.
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Damage Function of a Quasi-Brittle Material, Damage Rate, Acceleration and Jerk during Uniaxial Compression: Model and Application to Analysis of Trabecular Bone Tissue Destruction. Symmetry (Basel) 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/sym13101759] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
A diversity of quasi-brittle materials can be observed in various engineering structures and natural objects (rocks, frozen soil, concrete, ceramics, bones, etc.). In order to predict the condition and safety of these objects, a large number of studies aimed at analyzing the strength of quasi-brittle materials has been conducted and presented in publications. However, at the modeling level, the problem of estimating the rate and acceleration of destruction of a quasi-brittle material under loading remains relevant. The purpose of the study was to substantiate the function of damage to a quasi-brittle material under uniaxial compression, determine the rate, acceleration and jerk of the damage process, and also to apply the results obtained to predicting the destruction of trabecular bone tissue. In accordance with the purpose of the study, the basic concepts of fracture mechanics and standard methods of mathematical modeling were used. The proposed model is based on the application of the previously obtained differentiable damage function without parameters. The results of the study are presented in the form of plots and analytical relations for computing the rate, acceleration and jerk of the damage process. Examples are given. The predicted peak of the combined effect of rate, acceleration and jerk of the damage process are found to be of practical interest as an additional criterion for destruction. The simulation results agree with the experimental data known from the available literature.
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Almécija S, Hammond AS, Thompson NE, Pugh KD, Moyà-Solà S, Alba DM. Fossil apes and human evolution. Science 2021; 372:372/6542/eabb4363. [DOI: 10.1126/science.abb4363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
Humans diverged from apes (chimpanzees, specifically) toward the end of the Miocene ~9.3 million to 6.5 million years ago. Understanding the origins of the human lineage (hominins) requires reconstructing the morphology, behavior, and environment of the chimpanzee-human last common ancestor. Modern hominoids (that is, humans and apes) share multiple features (for example, an orthograde body plan facilitating upright positional behaviors). However, the fossil record indicates that living hominoids constitute narrow representatives of an ancient radiation of more widely distributed, diverse species, none of which exhibit the entire suite of locomotor adaptations present in the extant relatives. Hence, some modern ape similarities might have evolved in parallel in response to similar selection pressures. Current evidence suggests that hominins originated in Africa from Miocene ape ancestors unlike any living species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sergio Almécija
- Division of Anthropology, American Museum of Natural History (AMNH), New York, NY 10024, USA
- New York Consortium in Evolutionary Primatology at AMNH, New York, NY 10024, USA
- Institut Català de Paleontologia Miquel Crusafont (ICP), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Cerdanyola del Vallès, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ashley S. Hammond
- Division of Anthropology, American Museum of Natural History (AMNH), New York, NY 10024, USA
- New York Consortium in Evolutionary Primatology at AMNH, New York, NY 10024, USA
| | - Nathan E. Thompson
- Department of Anatomy, New York Institute of Technology (NYIT) College of Osteopathic Medicine, Old Westbury, NY 11568, USA
| | - Kelsey D. Pugh
- Division of Anthropology, American Museum of Natural History (AMNH), New York, NY 10024, USA
- New York Consortium in Evolutionary Primatology at AMNH, New York, NY 10024, USA
| | - Salvador Moyà-Solà
- Institut Català de Paleontologia Miquel Crusafont (ICP), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Cerdanyola del Vallès, Barcelona, Spain
- Institució Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avançats (ICREA), 08010 Barcelona, Spain
- Unitat d’Antropologia Biològica, Departament de Biologia Animal, Biologia Vegetal i Ecologia, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Cerdanyola del Vallès, Barcelona, Spain
| | - David M. Alba
- Institut Català de Paleontologia Miquel Crusafont (ICP), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Cerdanyola del Vallès, Barcelona, Spain
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Reproducibility of Replicated Trabecular Bone Structures from Ti6Al4V Extralow Interstitials Powder by Selective Laser Melting. ARABIAN JOURNAL FOR SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s13369-020-05145-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Heo H, Jin Y, Yang D, Wier C, Minard A, Dahotre NB, Neogi A. Manufacturing and Characterization of Hybrid Bulk Voxelated Biomaterials Printed by Digital Anatomy 3D Printing. Polymers (Basel) 2020; 13:polym13010123. [PMID: 33396859 PMCID: PMC7796254 DOI: 10.3390/polym13010123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2020] [Revised: 12/25/2020] [Accepted: 12/29/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The advent of 3D digital printers has led to the evolution of realistic anatomical organ shaped structures that are being currently used as experimental models for rehearsing and preparing complex surgical procedures by clinicians. However, the actual material properties are still far from being ideal, which necessitates the need to develop new materials and processing techniques for the next generation of 3D printers optimized for clinical applications. Recently, the voxelated soft matter technique has been introduced to provide a much broader range of materials and a profile much more like the actual organ that can be designed and fabricated voxel by voxel with high precision. For the practical applications of 3D voxelated materials, it is crucial to develop the novel high precision material manufacturing and characterization technique to control the mechanical properties that can be difficult using the conventional methods due to the complexity and the size of the combination of materials. Here we propose the non-destructive ultrasound effective density and bulk modulus imaging to evaluate 3D voxelated materials printed by J750 Digital Anatomy 3D Printer of Stratasys. Our method provides the design map of voxelated materials and substantially broadens the applications of 3D digital printing in the clinical research area.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyeonu Heo
- Department of Physics, University of North Texas, Denton, TX 76203, USA; (H.H.); (Y.J.)
| | - Yuqi Jin
- Department of Physics, University of North Texas, Denton, TX 76203, USA; (H.H.); (Y.J.)
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of North Texas, Denton, TX 76207, USA
| | - David Yang
- Stratasys, Mountain View, CA 94043, USA; (D.Y.); (C.W.)
| | | | - Aaron Minard
- Technical Laboratory Systems, Inc., Katy, TX 77494, USA;
| | - Narendra B. Dahotre
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of North Texas, Denton, TX 76207, USA;
- Center for Agile and Adaptive Additive Manufacturing, University of North Texas, Denton, TX 76207, USA
| | - Arup Neogi
- Department of Physics, University of North Texas, Denton, TX 76203, USA; (H.H.); (Y.J.)
- Center for Agile and Adaptive Additive Manufacturing, University of North Texas, Denton, TX 76207, USA
- Correspondence:
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Kumar N, Kumar A, Uniyal P, Ramalingaiah B, Sharma S, Goni VG, Aggarwal S, Bhadada SK, Bhushan B. Mimicking high strength lightweight novel structures inspired from the trabecular bone microarchitecture. PHILOSOPHICAL TRANSACTIONS. SERIES A, MATHEMATICAL, PHYSICAL, AND ENGINEERING SCIENCES 2020; 378:20190448. [PMID: 32008454 DOI: 10.1098/rsta.2019.0448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/06/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Nature's evolution of a billion years has advanced flawless functionality in limitless optimized structures like bone structural adaptation in various physiological behaviours. In this study, porous structures are designed and fabricated from the nature-inspired trabecular bone microarchitecture. A three-dimensional (3D) model of the porous trabecular architecture from the compressive proximal zone of the femoral head was constructed using the micro-computed tomography scanning tool. The model was modified to get porous structures of different volume fractions varying from 20 to 40% with an increment of 10%. The obtained porous structures were 3D printed and analysed for deformation-resistant behaviour. Quasi-static compressive loading was performed at different strain rates (0.001-1 s-1) to get an insight into lightweight, high strength structural behaviour. Mechanical parameters, such as specific modulus, specific strength and specific energy absorption, were analysed for the optimal volume fraction. The original volume fraction (30%) of the trabecular bone shows the highest value of mechanical parameters. This study can help engineers to select and design lightweight porous structures with high energy-absorbing capacity, mimicking the desired architecture and porosity available in nature. This article is part of the theme issue 'Bioinspired materials and surfaces for green science and technology (part 3)'.
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Affiliation(s)
- Navin Kumar
- Hard and Soft Tissue Mechanics (HaSo TuM) Lab, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Ropar, Rupnagar, Punjab 140001, India
| | - Amit Kumar
- Hard and Soft Tissue Mechanics (HaSo TuM) Lab, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Ropar, Rupnagar, Punjab 140001, India
| | - Piyush Uniyal
- Hard and Soft Tissue Mechanics (HaSo TuM) Lab, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Ropar, Rupnagar, Punjab 140001, India
| | - Boda Ramalingaiah
- Hard and Soft Tissue Mechanics (HaSo TuM) Lab, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Ropar, Rupnagar, Punjab 140001, India
| | - Sidharath Sharma
- Department of Orthopaedics, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research (PGIMER), Chandigarh 160012, India
| | - Vijay G Goni
- Department of Orthopaedics, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research (PGIMER), Chandigarh 160012, India
| | - Sameer Aggarwal
- Department of Orthopaedics, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research (PGIMER), Chandigarh 160012, India
| | - Sanjay Kumar Bhadada
- Department of Endocrinology, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research (PGIMER), Chandigarh 160012, India
| | - Bharat Bhushan
- Nanoprobe Lab for Bio- and Nanotechnology and Biomimetics, The Ohio State University, 201 West 19th Avenue, Columbus, OH 43210-1142, USA
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