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Saleh SR, Saleh OM, El-Bessoumy AA, Sheta E, Ghareeb DA, Eweda SM. The Therapeutic Potential of Two Egyptian Plant Extracts for Mitigating Dexamethasone-Induced Osteoporosis in Rats: Nrf2/HO-1 and RANK/RANKL/OPG Signals. Antioxidants (Basel) 2024; 13:66. [PMID: 38247490 PMCID: PMC10812806 DOI: 10.3390/antiox13010066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2023] [Revised: 12/25/2023] [Accepted: 12/29/2023] [Indexed: 01/23/2024] Open
Abstract
The prolonged use of exogenous glucocorticoids, such as dexamethasone (Dex), is the most prevalent secondary cause of osteoporosis, known as glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis (GIO). The current study examined the preventative and synergistic effect of aqueous chicory extract (ACE) and ethanolic purslane extract (EPE) on GIO compared with Alendronate (ALN). The phytochemical contents, elemental analysis, antioxidant scavenging activity, and ACE and EPE combination index were evaluated. Rats were randomly divided into control, ACE, EPE, and ACE/EPE MIX groups (100 mg/kg orally), Dex group (received 1.5 mg Dex/kg, Sc), and four treated groups received ACE, EPE, ACE/EPE MIX, and ALN with Dex. The bone mineral density and content, bone index, growth, turnover, and oxidative stress were measured. The molecular analysis of RANK/RANKL/OPG and Nrf2/HO-1 pathways were also evaluated. Dex causes osteoporosis by increasing oxidative stress, decreasing antioxidant markers, reducing bone growth markers (OPG and OCN), and increasing bone turnover and resorption markers (NFATc1, RANKL, ACP, ALP, IL-6, and TNF-α). In contrast, ACE, EPE, and ACE/EPE MIX showed a prophylactic effect against Dex-induced osteoporosis by modulating the measured parameters and the histopathological architecture. In conclusion, ACE/EPE MIX exerts a powerful synergistic effect against GIO by a mode of action different from ALN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samar R. Saleh
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Alexandria University, Alexandria 21515, Egypt; (O.M.S.); (A.A.E.-B.); (D.A.G.); (S.M.E.)
- Bio-Screening and Preclinical Trial Lab, Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Alexandria University, Alexandria 21515, Egypt
| | - Omnia M. Saleh
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Alexandria University, Alexandria 21515, Egypt; (O.M.S.); (A.A.E.-B.); (D.A.G.); (S.M.E.)
- Bio-Screening and Preclinical Trial Lab, Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Alexandria University, Alexandria 21515, Egypt
| | - Ashraf A. El-Bessoumy
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Alexandria University, Alexandria 21515, Egypt; (O.M.S.); (A.A.E.-B.); (D.A.G.); (S.M.E.)
| | - Eman Sheta
- Pathology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Alexandria University, Alexandria 21515, Egypt;
| | - Doaa A. Ghareeb
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Alexandria University, Alexandria 21515, Egypt; (O.M.S.); (A.A.E.-B.); (D.A.G.); (S.M.E.)
- Bio-Screening and Preclinical Trial Lab, Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Alexandria University, Alexandria 21515, Egypt
| | - Saber M. Eweda
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Alexandria University, Alexandria 21515, Egypt; (O.M.S.); (A.A.E.-B.); (D.A.G.); (S.M.E.)
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Taibah University, Madinah 42353, Saudi Arabia
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Xiao Y, Zhang S, Ye Y, Chen J, Xu Y. Geniposide suppressed OX-LDL-induced osteoblast apoptosis by regulating the NRF2/NF-κB signaling pathway. J Orthop Surg Res 2023; 18:641. [PMID: 37649066 PMCID: PMC10466864 DOI: 10.1186/s13018-023-04125-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2023] [Accepted: 08/23/2023] [Indexed: 09/01/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Osteoporosis (OP), due to microarchitectural alterations, is associated with decreased bone mass, declined strength, and increased fracture risk. Increased osteoblast apoptosis contributes to the progression of OP. Natural compounds from herbs provide a rich resource for drug screening. Our previous investigation showed that geniposide (GEN), an effective compound from Eucommia ulmoides, could protect against the pathological development of OP induced by cholesterol accumulation. METHODS The rat OP models were duplicated. Dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry, hematoxylin and eosin staining, and immunohistochemistry were used to evaluate bone changes. TUNEL/DAPI staining assays were used for cell apoptosis detection. Protein expression was determined by western blotting assays. RESULTS A high-fat diet promoted OP development in vivo, and OX-LDL stimulated osteoblast apoptosis in vitro. GEN exhibited protective activities against OX-LDL-induced osteoblast apoptosis by increasing the NRF2 pathway and decreasing the NF-κB pathway. PDTC, an NF-κB inhibitor, could further promote the biological functions of GEN. In contrast, ML385, an NRF2 inhibitor, might eliminate GEN's protection. CONCLUSION GEN suppressed OX-LDL-induced osteoblast apoptosis by regulating the NRF2/NF-κB signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaosheng Xiao
- Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China
- Department of Orthopedics, First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, 341000, China
| | - Shanshan Zhang
- College of Pharmacy, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, 341000, China
| | - Yongjun Ye
- Department of Orthopedics, First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, 341000, China
| | - Jincai Chen
- Department of Orthopedics, First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, 341000, China
| | - Youjia Xu
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215004, China.
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Ren LK, Fan J, Yang Y, Liu XF, Wang B, Bian X, Wang DF, Xu Y, Liu BX, Zhu PY, Zhang N. Identification, in silico selection, and mechanism study of novel antioxidant peptides derived from the rice bran protein hydrolysates. Food Chem 2023; 408:135230. [PMID: 36549163 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2022.135230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2022] [Revised: 12/10/2022] [Accepted: 12/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
The work aimed to assess the antioxidant ability and obtain a new antioxidant peptide from rice bran protein. Rice bran protein was hydrolyzed by Alcalase, Neutral, Pepsin, Chymotrypsin, and Trypsin, separately. Trypsin hydrolysate (T-RBPH) showed high Fe2+ chelating activity (IC50, 2.271 ± 0.007 mg/mL), DPPH and hydroxyl radical scavenging ability (IC50, 0.191 ± 0.006 and 1.038 ± 0.034 mg/mL). Moreover, T-RBPH could alleviate the H2O2-induced oxidative damage in Caco-2. The T-RBPH was purified and identified by UF, GF, FPLC, and LC-MS/MS. Finally, 9-amino acid peptide-AFDEGPWPK with low molecular weight (1045.48 Da), high antioxidant activity, good safety, and solubility was screened by in silico method and chemical oxidation determination, and its interaction with Keap1 was also demonstrated. The ORAC and DPPH radical scavenging ability of AFDEGPWPK were 44.16 ± 0.79 and 28.38 ± 0.14 μmol TE/mM. Moreover, the Molecular docking and Western blot (WB) results showed that AFDEGPWPK could enter the binding pocket in the Kelch domain and activate Keap1/Nrf2/HO-1 pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-Kun Ren
- Key Laboratory of Food Science and Engineering of Heilongjiang Province, College of Food Engineering, Harbin University of Commerce, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150028, China
| | - Jing Fan
- Key Laboratory of Food Science and Engineering of Heilongjiang Province, College of Food Engineering, Harbin University of Commerce, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150028, China
| | - Yang Yang
- Key Laboratory of Food Science and Engineering of Heilongjiang Province, College of Food Engineering, Harbin University of Commerce, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150028, China
| | - Xiao-Fei Liu
- Key Laboratory of Food Science and Engineering of Heilongjiang Province, College of Food Engineering, Harbin University of Commerce, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150028, China
| | - Bing Wang
- Key Laboratory of Food Science and Engineering of Heilongjiang Province, College of Food Engineering, Harbin University of Commerce, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150028, China
| | - Xin Bian
- Key Laboratory of Food Science and Engineering of Heilongjiang Province, College of Food Engineering, Harbin University of Commerce, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150028, China
| | - Dang-Feng Wang
- College of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China; College of Food Science and Technology, Bohai University, National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Storage, Processing and Safety Control Technology for Fresh Agricultural and Aquatic Products, Jinzhou, Liaoning 121013, China
| | - Yue Xu
- Key Laboratory of Food Science and Engineering of Heilongjiang Province, College of Food Engineering, Harbin University of Commerce, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150028, China
| | - Bao-Xiang Liu
- Key Laboratory of Food Science and Engineering of Heilongjiang Province, College of Food Engineering, Harbin University of Commerce, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150028, China
| | - Peng-Yu Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Food Science and Engineering of Heilongjiang Province, College of Food Engineering, Harbin University of Commerce, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150028, China
| | - Na Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Food Science and Engineering of Heilongjiang Province, College of Food Engineering, Harbin University of Commerce, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150028, China.
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An Overview of NRF2-Activating Compounds Bearing α,β-Unsaturated Moiety and Their Antioxidant Effects. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23158466. [PMID: 35955599 PMCID: PMC9369284 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23158466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2022] [Revised: 07/25/2022] [Accepted: 07/27/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The surge of scientific interest in the discovery of Nuclear Factor Erythroid 2 (NFE2)-Related Factor 2 (NRF2)-activating molecules underscores the importance of NRF2 as a therapeutic target especially for oxidative stress. The chemical reactivity and biological activities of several bioactive compounds have been linked to the presence of α,β-unsaturated structural systems. The α,β-unsaturated carbonyl, sulfonyl and sulfinyl functional groups are reportedly the major α,β-unsaturated moieties involved in the activation of the NRF2 signaling pathway. The carbonyl, sulfonyl and sulfinyl groups are generally electron-withdrawing groups, and the presence of the α,β-unsaturated structure qualifies them as suitable electrophiles for Michael addition reaction with nucleophilic thiols of cysteine residues within the proximal negative regulator of NRF2, Kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1 (KEAP1). The physicochemical property such as good lipophilicity of these moieties is also an advantage because it ensures solubility and membrane permeability required for the activation of the cytosolic NRF2/KEAP1 system. This review provides an overview of the reaction mechanism of α,β-unsaturated moiety-bearing compounds with the NRF2/KEAP1 complex, their pharmacological properties, structural activity-relationship and their effect on antioxidant and anti-inflammatory responses. As the first of its kind, this review article offers collective and comprehensive information on NRF2-activators containing α,β-unsaturated moiety with the aim of broadening their therapeutic prospects in a wide range of oxidative stress-related diseases.
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