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Koroleva V, Lavlinskaya M, Holyavka M, Penkov N, Zuev Y, Artyukhov V. Thermal Inactivation, Denaturation and Aggregation Processes of Papain-Like Proteases. Chem Biodivers 2024; 21:e202401038. [PMID: 38849308 DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.202401038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2024] [Revised: 06/06/2024] [Accepted: 06/07/2024] [Indexed: 06/09/2024]
Abstract
The investigation into the behavior of ficin, bromelain, papain under thermal conditions holds both theoretical and practical significance. The production processes of medicines and cosmetics often involve exposure to high temperatures, particularly during the final product sterilization phase. Hence, it's crucial to identify the "critical" temperatures for each component within the mixture for effective technological regulation. In light of this, the objective of this study was to examine the thermal inactivation, aggregation, and denaturation processes of three papain-like proteases: ficin, bromelain, papain. To achieve this goal, the following experiments were conducted: (1) determination of the quantity of inactivated proteases using enzyme kinetics with BAPNA as a substrate; (2) differential scanning calorimetry (DSC); (3) assessment of protein aggregation using dynamic light scattering (DLS) and spectrophotometric analysis at 280 nm. Our findings suggest that the inactivation of ficin and papain exhibits single decay step which characterized by a rapid decline, then preservation of the same residual activity by enzyme stabilization. Only bromelain shows two steps with different kinetics. The molecular sizes of the active and inactive forms are similar across ficin, bromelain, and papain. Furthermore, the denaturation of these forms occurs at approximately the same rate and is accompanied by protein aggregation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Victoria Koroleva
- Department of Biophysics and Biotechnology, Voronezh State University, Universitetskaya Sq. 1, Voronezh, Russia
- Department of Biology, Voronezh State Medical University named after N.N. Burdenko, Studencheskaya St. 10, Voronezh, Russia
| | - Maria Lavlinskaya
- Department of Biophysics and Biotechnology, Voronezh State University, Universitetskaya Sq. 1, Voronezh, Russia
| | - Marina Holyavka
- Department of Biophysics and Biotechnology, Voronezh State University, Universitetskaya Sq. 1, Voronezh, Russia
| | - Nikita Penkov
- Laboratories of methods of optical-spectral analysis, Institute of Cell Biophysics of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Institutskaya St. 3, Pushchino, Russia
| | - Yuriy Zuev
- Laboratory of Biophysical Chemistry of Nanosystems, FRC Kazan Scientific Center of Russian Academy of Sciences, Kazan Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Kazan, Russia, Lobachevskogo St. 2/31, Kazan, Russia
| | - Valeriy Artyukhov
- Department of Biophysics and Biotechnology, Voronezh State University, Universitetskaya Sq. 1, Voronezh, Russia
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Khorsand FR, Aziziyan F, Khajeh K. Factors influencing amyloid fibril formation. PROGRESS IN MOLECULAR BIOLOGY AND TRANSLATIONAL SCIENCE 2024; 206:55-83. [PMID: 38811089 DOI: 10.1016/bs.pmbts.2024.03.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2024]
Abstract
Protein aggregation is a complex process with several stages that lead to the formation of complex structures and shapes with a broad variability in stability and toxicity. The aggregation process is affected by various factors and environmental conditions that disrupt the protein's original state, including internal factors like mutations, expression levels, and polypeptide chain truncation, as well as external factors, such as dense molecular surroundings, post-translation modifications, and interactions with other proteins, nucleic acids, small molecules, metal ions, chaperones, and lipid membranes. During the aggregation process, the biological activity of an aggregating protein may be reduced or eliminated, whereas the resulting aggregates may have the potential to be immunogenic, or they may have other undesirable properties. Finding the cause(s) of protein aggregation and controlling it to an acceptable level is among the most crucial topics of research in academia and biopharmaceutical companies. This chapter aims to review intrinsic pathways of protein aggregation and potential extrinsic variables that influence this process.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Fatemeh Aziziyan
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Khosro Khajeh
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran.
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Chebotareva NA, Roman SG, Borzova VA, Eronina TB, Mikhaylova VV, Kurganov BI. Chaperone-Like Activity of HSPB5: The Effects of Quaternary Structure Dynamics and Crowding. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21144940. [PMID: 32668633 PMCID: PMC7404038 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21144940] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2020] [Revised: 07/04/2020] [Accepted: 07/10/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Small heat-shock proteins (sHSPs) are ATP-independent molecular chaperones that interact with partially unfolded proteins, preventing their aberrant aggregation, thereby exhibiting a chaperone-like activity. Dynamics of the quaternary structure plays an important role in the chaperone-like activity of sHSPs. However, relationship between the dynamic structure of sHSPs and their chaperone-like activity remains insufficiently characterized. Many factors (temperature, ions, a target protein, crowding etc.) affect the structure and activity of sHSPs. The least studied is an effect of crowding on sHSPs activity. In this work the chaperone-like activity of HSPB5 was quantitatively characterized by dynamic light scattering using two test systems, namely test systems based on heat-induced aggregation of muscle glycogen phosphorylase b (Phb) at 48 °C and dithiothreitol-induced aggregation of α-lactalbumin at 37 °C. Analytical ultracentrifugation was used to control the oligomeric state of HSPB5 and target proteins. The possible anti-aggregation functioning of suboligomeric forms of HSPB5 is discussed. The effect of crowding on HSPB5 anti-aggregation activity was characterized using Phb as a target protein. The duration of the nucleation stage was shown to decrease with simultaneous increase in the relative rate of aggregation of Phb in the presence of HSPB5 under crowded conditions. Crowding may subtly modulate sHSPs activity.
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Illeová V, Šefčík J, Polakovič M. Thermal inactivation of jack bean urease. Int J Biol Macromol 2020; 151:1084-1090. [PMID: 31739065 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2019.10.150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2019] [Revised: 10/16/2019] [Accepted: 10/16/2019] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Thermal inactivation of oligomeric enzymes results in complex structural changes. This work deals with thermal inactivation of a native hexamer, jack bean urease. In order to find the mechanism and kinetics of thermal inactivation corresponding well with the modification of tertiary and quaternary structure of this enzyme, several types of experiments were carried out in the temperature range of 65-85 °C. Inactivation data exhibited the characteristic biphasic character. Dynamic light scattering experiments revealed a significant increase of the mean hydrodynamic radius of urease with temperature and time. A significant contribution to understanding the mechanism of inactivation was provided by native gel electrophoresis data of inactivated samples. Simultaneous fit of inactivation data verified a two-step mechanism composed of reversible unfolding/folding reaction followed by a relatively fast aggregation of the denatured urease form. A complex reaction scheme containing numerous oligomeric forms was thus described by a relatively simple model which suitably represents the main types of reactions involved in the urease activity loss.
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Affiliation(s)
- Viera Illeová
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Institute of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Chemical and Food Technology, Slovak University of Technology, Radlinského 9, 812 37 Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Ján Šefčík
- Department of Chemical and Process Engineering, University of Strathclyde, 75 Montrose Street, Glasgow G1 1XJ, United Kingdom
| | - Milan Polakovič
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Institute of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Chemical and Food Technology, Slovak University of Technology, Radlinského 9, 812 37 Bratislava, Slovakia.
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Senisterra G, Chau I, Vedadi M. Thermal denaturation assays in chemical biology. Assay Drug Dev Technol 2011; 10:128-36. [PMID: 22066913 DOI: 10.1089/adt.2011.0390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 100] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Thermal denaturation-based methods are becoming increasingly used to characterize protein stability and interactions. Recent technical advances have made these methods more suitable for high throughput screening. Reasonable throughput and the ability to perform these screens using commonly used instruments, such as RT-PCR machines or simple plate readers equipped with heating devices, facilitate these experiments in almost any laboratory. Introducing an aggregation-based monitoring approach as well as alternative fluorophores has allowed the screening of a wider range of proteins, including membrane proteins, against large chemical libraries. Thermal denaturation-based methods are independent of protein function, which is especially useful for the identification of orphan protein function. Here, we review applications of thermal denaturation-based methods in characterizing protein stability and ligand binding, and also provide information on protocol modifications that may further increase throughput.
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Muranov KO, Maloletkina OI, Poliansky NB, Markossian KA, Kleymenov SY, Rozhkov SP, Goryunov AS, Ostrovsky MA, Kurganov BI. Mechanism of aggregation of UV-irradiated β(L)-crystallin. Exp Eye Res 2010; 92:76-86. [PMID: 21093434 DOI: 10.1016/j.exer.2010.11.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2010] [Revised: 11/09/2010] [Accepted: 11/09/2010] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Thermal denaturation and aggregation of UV-irradiated β(L)-crystallin from eye lenses of steers have been studied. The data on size-exclusion chromatography and SDS-PAGE indicated that UV irradiation of β(L)-crystallin at 10 °С resulted in fragmentation of the protein molecule and formation of cross-linked aggregates. Fluorescence data showed that tryptophan fluorescence in the irradiated protein decreased exponentially with the UV dose. Decrease in tryptophan fluorescence is a result of photochemical destruction, but not of conformational changes of protein, because there is no red shift in the fluorescence maximum. The differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) profiles of the samples of UV-irradiated and wild type β(L)-crystallin were registered. The area under curves, which is proportional to the amount of the native protein, decreased exponentially with increasing the irradiation dose. The shape of the DSC profiles for the samples of UV-irradiated β(L)-crystallin was identical to that for wild type β(L)-crystallin. The DSC data allowed estimating the portion of UV-denatured β(L)-crystallin, which is not registered by DSC, and the portion of the combined fraction consisting of native and UV-damaged molecules retaining the native structure. A conclusion has been made that UV-induced denaturation of β(L)-crystallin follows the one-hit model. The study of the kinetics of thermal aggregation of UV-irradiated β(L)-crystallin at 37 °С using dynamic light scattering showed that the initial stage of aggregation was that of formation of the start aggregates with the hydrodynamic radius of 20 nm. Further sticking of the start aggregates proceeded in the regime of reaction-limited cluster-cluster aggregation. Splitting of the aggregate population into two components occurred above a definite point in time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Konstantin O Muranov
- Emanuel Institute of Biochemical Physics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia.
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Fu D, Li C, Lu J, Rahman AU, Tan T. Relationship between thermal inactivation and conformational change of Yarrowia lipolytica lipase and the effect of additives on enzyme stability. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molcatb.2010.04.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Wang W, Nema S, Teagarden D. Protein aggregation—Pathways and influencing factors. Int J Pharm 2010; 390:89-99. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2010.02.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 503] [Impact Index Per Article: 35.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2009] [Revised: 01/08/2010] [Accepted: 02/17/2010] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Maloletkina OI, Markossian KA, Belousova LV, Kleimenov SY, Orlov VN, Makeeva VF, Kurganov BI. Thermal stability and aggregation of creatine kinase from rabbit skeletal muscle. Effect of 2-hydroxypropyl-beta-cyclodextrin. Biophys Chem 2010; 148:121-30. [PMID: 20378240 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpc.2010.03.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2009] [Revised: 03/03/2010] [Accepted: 03/05/2010] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Effect of 2-hydroxypropyl-beta-cyclodextrin (HP-beta-CD) on thermal aggregation of creatine kinase from rabbit skeletal muscle (RMCK) at 48 degrees C has been studied using dynamic light scattering. An increase in the duration of the lag period on the kinetic curves of aggregation, registered as an increment of the light scattering intensity in time, has been observed in the presence of HP-beta-CD. It has been shown that the initial parts of the dependences of the hydrodynamic radius (R(h)) of the protein aggregates on time follow the exponential law. The reciprocal value of parameter t(2R) (t(2R) is the time interval over which the R(h) value is doubled) was used to characterize the rate of aggregation. A 10-fold decrease in the 1/t(2R) value was observed in the presence of 76mM HP-beta-CD. Judging from the data on the kinetics of RMCK inactivation and the data on differential scanning calorimetry of RMCK, HP-beta-CD does not affect the rate of RMCK unfolding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olga I Maloletkina
- Bach Institute of Biochemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
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Markossian KA, Golub NV, Kleymenov SY, Muranov KO, Sholukh MV, Kurganov BI. Effect of α-crystallin on thermostability of mitochondrial aspartate aminotransferase. Int J Biol Macromol 2009; 44:441-6. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2009.03.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2009] [Revised: 03/16/2009] [Accepted: 03/17/2009] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Zhao W, Yang R. Effect of high-intensity pulsed electric fields on the activity, conformation and self-aggregation of pepsin. Food Chem 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2008.10.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Markossian KA, Yudin IK, Kurganov BI. Mechanism of suppression of protein aggregation by α-crystallin. Int J Mol Sci 2009; 10:1314-1345. [PMID: 19399251 PMCID: PMC2672032 DOI: 10.3390/ijms10031314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2009] [Revised: 03/13/2009] [Accepted: 03/18/2009] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
This review summarizes experimental data illuminating the mechanism of suppression of heat-induced protein aggregation by alpha-crystallin, one of the small heat shock proteins. The dynamic light scattering data show that the initial stage of thermal aggregation of proteins is the formation of the initial aggregates involving hundreds of molecules of the denatured protein. Further sticking of the starting aggregates proceeds in a regime of diffusion-limited cluster-cluster aggregation. The protective effect of alpha-crystallin is due to transition of the aggregation process to the regime of reaction-limited cluster-cluster aggregation, wherein the sticking probability for the colliding particles becomes lower than unity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kira A. Markossian
- Bach Institute of Biochemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninsky pr. 33, 119071, Moscow, Russia
- Author to whom correspondence should be addressed; E-Mail:
; Fax: +7 495 954 2732
| | - Igor K. Yudin
- Oil and Gas Research Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences, Gubkina st. 3, 117971, Moscow, Russia
| | - Boris I. Kurganov
- Bach Institute of Biochemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninsky pr. 33, 119071, Moscow, Russia
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Golub NV, Markossian KA, Sholukh MV, Muranov KO, Kurganov BI. Study of kinetics of thermal aggregation of mitochondrial aspartate aminotransferase by dynamic light scattering: protective effect of alpha-crystallin. EUROPEAN BIOPHYSICS JOURNAL: EBJ 2009; 38:547-56. [PMID: 19172260 DOI: 10.1007/s00249-009-0403-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2008] [Revised: 11/18/2008] [Accepted: 01/02/2009] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Thermal aggregation of aspartate aminotransferase from pig heart mitochondria (mAAT) has been studied at various temperatures and various protein concentrations by dynamic light scattering. The character of the dependence of protein aggregate size on time indicates that aggregation of mAAT proceeds in the regime of diffusion-limited cluster-cluster aggregation. Suppression of mAAT aggregation by alpha-crystallin is due to transition of the aggregation process into the regime of reaction-limited cluster-cluster aggregation. Realization of this regime of aggregation means that the sticking probability for the colliding particles is less than unity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikolay V Golub
- Bach Institute of Biochemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
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