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Ni Y, Zhao S, Yin X, Wang H, Guang Q, Hu G, Yang Y, Jiao S, Shi B. Intravesicular administration of sodium hyaluronate ameliorates the inflammation and cell proliferation of cystitis cystica et glandularis involving interleukin-6/JAK2/Stat3 signaling pathway. Sci Rep 2017; 7:15892. [PMID: 29162939 PMCID: PMC5698415 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-16088-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2017] [Accepted: 11/06/2017] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Cystitis cystica et glandularis (CCEG) is a chronic cystitis that causes extreme agony in affected patients. However, there are lack of effective conservative treatments. In this study, it is evident that intravesicular sodium hyaluronate (SH) therapy significantly improved the clinical symptoms of CCEG patients and ameliorated the bladder mucosal inflammation and cell proliferation characteristics of the disease. Immunohistochemical staining showed that the staining intensities of hyaluronidase (HYAL 1/2), CD44, IL-6 and phosphorylated signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (p-Stat3) in bladder mucosal tissue were significantly increased in CCEG patients compared with control patients and that intravesicular SH treatment suppressed these protein expression. We established a CCEG rat model by treating rats with E. coli intravesicularly, and we found that HYAL 1/2 and CD44 expression levels were significantly increased in the E. coli group compared with the NC group. Activation of the IL-6/JAK2/Stat3 pathway and the expression levels of the downstream pro-apoptotic proteins Mcl-1 and Bcl-xL were also significantly increased in the E. coli group compared with the NC group. The above changes were significantly mitigated by intravesicular SH treatment. Therefore, SH may serve as an effective therapy for CCEG by inhibiting bladder mucosal inflammation and proliferation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongliang Ni
- Department of Urology, Shandong University Qilu Hospital, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, China.,Department of Urology, Yankuang Group General Hospital, Zoucheng, Shandong, 273500, China
| | - Shaohua Zhao
- Department of Geriatrics, Shandong University Qilu Hospital, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, China
| | - Xiaoxuan Yin
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Yankuang Group General Hospital, Zoucheng, Shandong, 273500, China
| | - Haixin Wang
- Department of Urology, Yankuang Group General Hospital, Zoucheng, Shandong, 273500, China
| | - Qianqian Guang
- Department of Pathology, Yankuang Group General Hospital, Zoucheng, Shandong, 273500, China
| | - Guangxia Hu
- Department of Pathology, Yankuang Group General Hospital, Zoucheng, Shandong, 273500, China
| | - Yi Yang
- Department of Pathology, Yankuang Group General Hospital, Zoucheng, Shandong, 273500, China
| | - Shoubin Jiao
- Department of Urology, Yankuang Group General Hospital, Zoucheng, Shandong, 273500, China
| | - Benkang Shi
- Department of Urology, Shandong University Qilu Hospital, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, China.
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Fléjou JF, Cervera P. [Pathology: on the way to molecular analysis]. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2009; 33:767-74. [PMID: 19692190 DOI: 10.1016/j.gcb.2009.07.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
For a long time, pathology has been playing an important role in digestive diseases, especially in digestive cancers. This contribution was based and is still based on classical morphological techniques: staining of cells and tissues and recognition of diagnostic morphological patterns characteristic for a disease. Pathology is changing, and accompanies major improvements in endoscopy and imaging of gastrointestinal diseases, and new high throughput biological techniques. Recent examples show that molecular pathology (including immunohistochemistry), often included in wider "biopathology" processes, participates to pathophysiological research (for example recognition of the serrated pathway in colorectal carcinogenesis and its relation with microsatellite instability and methylation of promoters), and to diagnostic and therapeutic procedures (for example targeted therapies of gastrointestinal stromal tumours). However, the current example of the recognition of predictive factors of response to anti-EGFR treatments in colorectal cancer shows that morphological and non morphological techniques have to find their respective role in this kind of process.
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Affiliation(s)
- J-F Fléjou
- Service d'Anatomie et de Cytologie Pathologiques, Hôpital Saint-Antoine, AP-HP, Faculté de Médecine Pierre-et-Marie-Curie, 75012, Paris, France.
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