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Zhang X, Taniguchi R, Nagao R, Tomo T, Noguchi T, Ye S, Shibata Y. Access to the Antenna System of Photosystem I via Single-Molecule Excitation-Emission Spectroscopy. J Phys Chem B 2024; 128:2664-2674. [PMID: 38456814 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.3c07789] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/09/2024]
Abstract
In the development of single-molecule spectroscopy, the simultaneous detection of the excitation and emission spectra has been limited. The fluorescence excitation spectrum based on background-free signals is compatible with the fluorescence-emission-based detection of single molecules and can provide insight into the variations in the input energy of the different terminal emitters. Here, we implement single-molecule excitation-emission spectroscopy (SMEES) for photosystem I (PSI) via a cryogenic optical microscope. To this end, we extended our line-focus-based excitation-spectral microscope system to the cryogenic temperature-compatible version. PSI is one of the two photosystems embedded in the thylakoid membrane in oxygen-free photosynthetic organisms. PSI plays an essential role in electron transfer in the photosynthesis reaction. PSIs of many organisms contain a few red-shifted chlorophylls (Chls) with much lower excitation energies than ordinary antenna Chls. The fluorescence emission spectrum originates primarily from the red-shifted Chls, whereas the excitation spectrum is sensitive to the antenna Chls that are upstream of red-shifted Chls. Using SMEES, we obtained the inclining two-dimensional excitation-emission matrix (2D-EEM) of PSI particles isolated from a cyanobacterium, Thermosynechococcus vestitus (equivalent to elongatus), at about 80 K. Interestingly, by decomposing the inclining 2D-EEMs within time course observation, we found prominent variations in the excitation spectra of the red-shifted Chl pools with different emission wavelengths, strongly indicating the variable excitation energy transfer (EET) pathway from the antenna to the terminal emitting pools. SMEES helps us to directly gain information about the antenna system, which is fundamental to depicting the EET within pigment-protein complexes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianjun Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Sciences, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8578, Japan
- Division for Interdisciplinary Advanced Research and Education, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8578, Japan
| | - Rin Taniguchi
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Sciences, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8578, Japan
| | - Ryo Nagao
- Faculty of Agriculture, Shizuoka University, Shizuoka 422-8529, Japan
| | - Tatsuya Tomo
- Department of Physics, Graduate School of Sciences, Tokyo University of Science, Tokyo 162-8601, Japan
| | - Takumi Noguchi
- Graduate School of Science, Nagoya University, Nagoya 464-8602, Japan
| | - Shen Ye
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Sciences, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8578, Japan
| | - Yutaka Shibata
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Sciences, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8578, Japan
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Inoue KI, Mao J, Okamoto R, Shibata Y, Song W, Ye S. Development of Line-Detected UV-Vis Absorption Microscope and Its Application to Quantitative Evaluation of Lithium Surface Reactivity. Anal Chem 2023; 95:4550-4555. [PMID: 36826446 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.2c05759] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/25/2023]
Abstract
Electrochemical reactions in practical batteries occur in confined environments where anode and cathode electrodes are separated only by a thin separator. Therefore, their electrochemical behaviors may differ from those obtained in the conventional experimental cells, where the two electrodes (working and counter electrodes) are largely separated compared to the batteries. The spatial and temporal distributions of the chemical species in the vicinity of each electrode are highly expected to be determined for quantitatively understanding the phenomena in confined environments. In the present study, we developed a line-detected UV-vis absorption microscope that simultaneously measures space-resolved UV-vis absorption spectra. This novel technique has been successfully applied to evaluate the reactivities of the highly reactive lithium (Li) surfaces in organic electrolyte solutions under in situ conditions. The quantitative evaluations of the dissolution rate of Li and the diffusion constant of the product were successfully realized by analyzing the space- and time-resolved absorption spectra based on Fick's law of diffusion. The microscopic technique is expected to open the door to understanding the fundamental electrochemistry in batteries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ken-Ichi Inoue
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8578, Japan
| | - Jianxin Mao
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8578, Japan.,College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, People's Republic of China
| | - Rika Okamoto
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8578, Japan
| | - Yutaka Shibata
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8578, Japan
| | - Wenbo Song
- College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, People's Republic of China
| | - Shen Ye
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8578, Japan.,Elements Strategy Initiative for Catalysts and Batteries (ESICB), Kyoto University, Kyoto 615-8520, Japan
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State transition is quiet around pyrenoid and LHCII phosphorylation is not essential for thylakoid deformation in Chlamydomonas 137c. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2022; 119:e2122032119. [PMID: 36067315 PMCID: PMC9478649 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2122032119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Photosynthetic organisms have developed a regulation mechanism called state transition (ST) to rapidly adjust the excitation balance between the two photosystems by light-harvesting complex II (LHCII) movement. Though many researchers have assumed coupling of the dynamic transformations of the thylakoid membrane with ST, evidence of that remains elusive. To clarify the above-mentioned coupling in a model organism Chlamydomonas, here we used two advanced microscope techniques, the excitation-spectral microscope (ESM) developed recently by us and the superresolution imaging based on structured-illumination microscopy (SIM). The ESM observation revealed ST-dependent spectral changes upon repeated ST inductions. Surprisingly, it clarified a less significant ST occurrence in the region surrounding the pyrenoid, which is a subcellular compartment specialized for the carbon-fixation reaction, than that in the other domains. Further, we found a species dependence of this phenomenon: 137c strain showed the significant intracellular inhomogeneity of ST occurrence, whereas 4A+ strain hardly did. On the other hand, the SIM observation resolved partially irreversible fine thylakoid transformations caused by the ST-inducing illumination. This fine, irreversible thylakoid transformation was also observed in the STT7 kinase-lacking mutant. This result revealed that the fine thylakoid transformation is not induced solely by the LHCII phosphorylation, suggesting the highly susceptible nature of the thylakoid ultrastructure to the photosynthetic light reactions.
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Zhang XJ, Fujita Y, Tokutsu R, Minagawa J, Ye S, Shibata Y. High-Speed Excitation-Spectral Microscopy Uncovers In Situ Rearrangement of Light-Harvesting Apparatus in Chlamydomonas during State Transitions at Submicron Precision. PLANT & CELL PHYSIOLOGY 2021; 62:872-882. [PMID: 33822212 DOI: 10.1093/pcp/pcab047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2020] [Revised: 03/31/2021] [Accepted: 04/01/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Photosynthetic organisms adjust to fluctuating natural light under physiological ambient conditions through flexible light-harvesting ability of light-harvesting complex II (LHCII). A process called state transition is an efficient regulation mechanism to balance the excitations between photosystem II (PSII) and photosystem I (PSI) by shuttling mobile LHCII between them. However, in situ observation of the migration of LHCII in vivo remains limited. In this study, we investigated the in vivo reversible changes in the intracellular distribution of the chlorophyll (Chl) fluorescence during the light-induced state transitions in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii. The newly developed noninvasive excitation-spectral microscope provided powerful spectral information about excitation-energy transfer between Chl-a and Chl-b. The excitation spectra were detected through the fluorescence emission in the 700-750-nm spectral range, where PSII makes the main contribution, though PSI still makes a non-negligible contribution at room temperature. The technique is sensitive to the Chl-b spectral component specifically bound to LHCII. Using a PSI-specific 685-nm component also provided visualization of the local relative concentration of PSI within a chloroplast at room temperature. The decrease in the relative intensity of the Chl-b band in state 2 was more conspicuous in the PSII-rich region than in the PSI-rich region, reflecting the dissociation of LHCII from PSII. We observed intracellular redistributions of the Chl-b-related light-harvesting abilities within a chloroplast during the state transitions. This observation implies the association of the state transitions with the morphological changes in the thylakoid membrane.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xian Jun Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Sciences, Tohoku University, Sendai, 980-8578 Japan
| | - Yuki Fujita
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Sciences, Tohoku University, Sendai, 980-8578 Japan
| | - Ryutaro Tokutsu
- Division of Environmental Photobiology, National Institute for Basic Biology, Okazaki, 444-8585 Japan
| | - Jun Minagawa
- Division of Environmental Photobiology, National Institute for Basic Biology, Okazaki, 444-8585 Japan
| | - Shen Ye
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Sciences, Tohoku University, Sendai, 980-8578 Japan
| | - Yutaka Shibata
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Sciences, Tohoku University, Sendai, 980-8578 Japan
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Tian Y, Du C, Liu B, Qiu HN, Zhang X, Wu ZL, Zheng Q. Tough and fluorescent hydrogels composed of poly(hydroxyurethane) and poly(stearyl acrylate‐
co
‐acrylic acid) with hydrophobic associations and hydrogen bonds as the physical crosslinks. JOURNAL OF POLYMER SCIENCE 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/pol.20210070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ye Tian
- Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization of Ministry of Education, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering Zhejiang University Hangzhou China
- College of Mechanical Engineering Zhejiang University of Technology Hangzhou China
- Key Laboratory of Special Purpose Equipment and Advanced Processing Technology, Ministry of Education and Zhejiang Province Zhejiang University of Technology Hangzhou China
| | - Cong Du
- Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization of Ministry of Education, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering Zhejiang University Hangzhou China
| | - Bin Liu
- Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization of Ministry of Education, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering Zhejiang University Hangzhou China
| | - Hao Nan Qiu
- Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization of Ministry of Education, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering Zhejiang University Hangzhou China
| | - Xing‐Hong Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization of Ministry of Education, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering Zhejiang University Hangzhou China
| | - Zi Liang Wu
- Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization of Ministry of Education, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering Zhejiang University Hangzhou China
| | - Qiang Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization of Ministry of Education, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering Zhejiang University Hangzhou China
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