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Huster D, Maiti S, Herrmann A. Phospholipid Membranes as Chemically and Functionally Tunable Materials. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2024; 36:e2312898. [PMID: 38456771 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202312898] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2023] [Revised: 02/12/2024] [Indexed: 03/09/2024]
Abstract
The sheet-like lipid bilayer is the fundamental structural component of all cell membranes. Its building blocks are phospholipids and cholesterol. Their amphiphilic structure spontaneously leads to the formation of a bilayer in aqueous environment. Lipids are not just structural elements. Individual lipid species, the lipid membrane structure, and lipid dynamics influence and regulate membrane protein function. An exciting field is emerging where the membrane-associated material properties of different bilayer systems are used in designing innovative solutions for widespread applications across various fields, such as the food industry, cosmetics, nano- and biomedicine, drug storage and delivery, biotechnology, nano- and biosensors, and computing. Here, the authors summarize what is known about how lipids determine the properties and functions of biological membranes and how this has been or can be translated into innovative applications. Based on recent progress in the understanding of membrane structure, dynamics, and physical properties, a perspective is provided on how membrane-controlled regulation of protein functions can extend current applications and even offer new applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Huster
- Institute of Medical Physics and Biophysics, University of Leipzig, Härtelstr. 16/18, D-04107, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Sudipta Maiti
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Tata Institute of Fundamental Research, Homi Bhabha Road, Colaba, Mumbai, 400 005, India
| | - Andreas Herrmann
- Freie Universität Berlin, Department Chemistry and Biochemistry, SupraFAB, Altensteinstr. 23a, D-14195, Berlin, Germany
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Mei N, Liang J, McRae DM, Leonenko Z. Localized surface plasmon resonance and atomic force microscopy study of model lipid membranes and their interactions with amyloid and melatonin. NANOTECHNOLOGY 2024; 35:305101. [PMID: 38636478 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6528/ad403b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2023] [Accepted: 04/18/2024] [Indexed: 04/20/2024]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder characterized by the accumulation of amyloid plaques in the brain. The toxicity of amyloid to neuronal cell surfaces arises from interactions between small intermediate aggregates, namely amyloid oligomers, and the cell membrane. The nature of these interactions changes with age and disease progression. In our previous work, we demonstrated that both membrane composition and nanoscale structure play crucial roles in amyloid toxicity, and that membrane models mimicking healthy neuron were less affected by amyloid than model membranes mimicking AD neuronal membranes. This understanding introduces the possibility of modifying membrane properties with membrane-active molecules, such as melatonin, to protect them from amyloid-induced damage. In this study, we employed atomic force microscopy and localized surface plasmon resonance to investigate the protective effects of melatonin. We utilized synthetic lipid membranes that mimic the neuronal cellular membrane at various stages of AD and explored their interactions with amyloid-β(1-42) in the presence of melatonin. Our findings reveal that the early diseased membrane model is particularly vulnerable to amyloid binding and subsequent damage. However, melatonin exerts its most potent protective effect on this early-stage membrane. These results suggest that melatonin could act at the membrane level to alleviate amyloid toxicity, offering the most protection during the initial stages of AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nanqin Mei
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON, N2L 3G1, Canada
- Waterloo Institute for Nanotechnology, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON, N2L 3G1, Canada
| | - Jingwen Liang
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON, N2L 3G1, Canada
| | - Danielle M McRae
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON, N2L 3G1, Canada
| | - Zoya Leonenko
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON, N2L 3G1, Canada
- Waterloo Institute for Nanotechnology, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON, N2L 3G1, Canada
- Department of Biology, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON, N2L 3G1, Canada
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Pissas KP, Schilling M, Korkmaz A, Tian Y, Gründer S. Melatonin alters the excitability of mouse cerebellar granule neurons by inhibiting voltage-gated sodium, potassium, and calcium channels. J Pineal Res 2024; 76:e12919. [PMID: 37794846 DOI: 10.1111/jpi.12919] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2023] [Revised: 09/01/2023] [Accepted: 09/19/2023] [Indexed: 10/06/2023]
Abstract
Besides its role in the circadian rhythm, the pineal gland hormone melatonin (MLT) also possesses antiepileptogenic, antineoplastic, and cardioprotective properties, among others. The dosages necessary to elicit beneficial effects in these diseases often far surpass physiological concentrations. Although even high doses of MLT are considered to be largely harmless to humans, the possible side effects of pharmacological concentrations are so far not well investigated. In the present study, we report that pharmacological doses of MLT (3 mM) strongly altered the electrophysiological characteristics of cultured primary mouse cerebellar granule cells (CGCs). Using whole-cell patch clamp and ratiometric Ca2+ imaging, we observed that pharmacological concentrations of MLT inhibited several types of voltage-gated Na+ , K+ , and Ca2+ channels in CGCs independently of known MLT-receptors, altering the character and pattern of elicited action potentials (APs) significantly, quickly and reversibly. Specifically, MLT reduced AP frequency, afterhyperpolarization, and rheobase, whereas AP amplitude and threshold potential remained unchanged. The altered biophysical profile of the cells could constitute a possible mechanism underlying the proposed beneficial effects of MLT in brain-related disorders, such as epilepsy. On the other hand, it suggests potential adverse effects of pharmacological MLT concentrations on neurons, which should be considered when using MLT as a pharmacological compound.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Maria Schilling
- Medical faculty, Institute of Physiology, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | - Ahmet Korkmaz
- Medical faculty, Institute of Physiology, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | - Yuemin Tian
- Medical faculty, Institute of Physiology, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | - Stefan Gründer
- Medical faculty, Institute of Physiology, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
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Zaytseva YV, Zaytseva IV, Surovtsev NV. Characterization of conformational states of POPC and DPPC d62 in POPC/DPPC d62/cholesterol mixtures using Raman spectroscopy. Chem Phys Lipids 2023; 256:105337. [PMID: 37579987 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemphyslip.2023.105337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2023] [Revised: 06/27/2023] [Accepted: 08/11/2023] [Indexed: 08/16/2023]
Abstract
Conformational states of phospholipid chains in ternary mixtures of 1-palmitoyl-2-oleoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine (POPC), deuterated 1,2-dipalmitoyl-d62-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine (DPPCd62), and cholesterol (Chol) were studied by Raman spectroscopy. Parameters of Raman peaks sensitive to conformational order have been used to determine chain order for mixtures over a wide range of compositions. A ternary diagram of fractions of phospholipid chains in conformationally ordered and disordered states has been constructed. It was found that the addition of POPC and cholesterol increases the fraction of DPPC chains in disordered conformations. The so-called liquid-ordered phase includes DPPC molecules in both ordered and disordered states in comparable proportions. It was found that POPC chains are partially ordered in mixtures with DPPC and cholesterol, in contrast to the case of 1,2-dioleoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine (DOPC). This maybe the underlying reason why ternary mixtures with POPC have different miscibility behavior compared to DOPC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu V Zaytseva
- Institute of Automation and Electrometry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia.
| | - I V Zaytseva
- Institute of Automation and Electrometry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
| | - N V Surovtsev
- Institute of Automation and Electrometry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
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Shafieenezhad A, Mitra S, Wassall SR, Tristram-Nagle S, Nagle JF, Petrache HI. Location of dopamine in lipid bilayers and its relevance to neuromodulator function. Biophys J 2023; 122:1118-1129. [PMID: 36804668 PMCID: PMC10111280 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpj.2023.02.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2022] [Revised: 11/18/2022] [Accepted: 02/13/2023] [Indexed: 02/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Dopamine (DA) is a neurotransmitter that also acts as a neuromodulator, with both functions being essential to brain function. Here, we present the first experimental measurement of DA location in lipid bilayers using x-ray diffuse scattering, solid-state deuterium NMR, and electron paramagnetic resonance. We find that the association of DA with lipid headgroups as seen in electron density profiles leads to an increase of intermembrane repulsion most likely due to electrostatic charging. DA location in the lipid headgroup region also leads to an increase of the cross-sectional area per lipid without affecting the bending rigidity significantly. The order parameters measured by solid-state deuterium NMR decrease in the presence of DA for the acyl chains of PC and PS lipids, consistent with an increase in the area per lipid due to DA. Most importantly, these results support the hypothesis that three-dimensional diffusion of DA to target membranes could be followed by relatively more efficient two-dimensional diffusion to receptors within those membranes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Azam Shafieenezhad
- Department of Physics, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indianapolis, Indiana
| | - Saheli Mitra
- Department of Physics, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Stephen R Wassall
- Department of Physics, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indianapolis, Indiana
| | | | - John F Nagle
- Department of Physics, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Horia I Petrache
- Department of Physics, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indianapolis, Indiana.
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Serotonergic drugs modulate the phase behavior of complex lipid bilayers. Biochimie 2022; 203:40-50. [PMID: 35447219 DOI: 10.1016/j.biochi.2022.04.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2022] [Revised: 03/21/2022] [Accepted: 04/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Serotonin is an endogenous neurotransmitter involved in both physiological and pathophysiological processes. Traditionally, serotonin acts as a ligand for G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) leading to subsequent cell signaling. However, serotonin can also bind to lipid membranes with high affinity and modulate the phase behavior in 1-palmitoyl-2-oleoyl-glycero-3-phosphocholine (POPC)/N-palmitoyl-D-erythro-sphingosylphosphorylcholine (PSM)/cholesterol model membranes mimicking the outer leaflet of the plasma membrane. Here, we investigated if serotonergic drugs containing the pharmacophore from serotonin would also modulate phase behavior in lipid membranes in a similar fashion. We used 2H NMR spectroscopy to explore the phase behavior of POPC/PSM/cholesterol (4/4/2 molar ratio) mixtures in the presence of the serotonergic drugs aripiprazole, BRL-54443, BW-723C86, and CP-135807 at a lipid to drug molar ratio of 10:1. POPC and PSM were perdeuterated in the palmitoyl chain, respectively, and prepared in individual samples. Numerical lineshape simulations of the 2H NMR spectra were used to calculate the order parameter profiles and projected lengths of the saturated acyl chains. All serotonergic drugs induce two components in 2H NMR spectra, indicating that they increased the hydrophobic mismatch between the thickness of the coexisting lipid phases leading to larger domain sizes, relatively similarly to serotonin. AFM force indentation and Raman spectral studies, which interrogate membrane mechanical properties, also indicate changes in membrane order in the presence of these drugs. These findings highlight how serotonergic drugs alter membrane phase behavior and could modulate both target and other membrane proteins, possibly explaining the side effects observed for serotonergic and other clinically relevant drugs.
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Santhosh PB, Genova J, Slavkova Z, Chamati H. Influence of melatonin on the structural and thermal properties of SOPC lipid membranes. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2022.129081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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Loh D, Reiter RJ. Melatonin: Regulation of Prion Protein Phase Separation in Cancer Multidrug Resistance. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 27:molecules27030705. [PMID: 35163973 PMCID: PMC8839844 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27030705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2021] [Revised: 01/11/2022] [Accepted: 01/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The unique ability to adapt and thrive in inhospitable, stressful tumor microenvironments (TME) also renders cancer cells resistant to traditional chemotherapeutic treatments and/or novel pharmaceuticals. Cancer cells exhibit extensive metabolic alterations involving hypoxia, accelerated glycolysis, oxidative stress, and increased extracellular ATP that may activate ancient, conserved prion adaptive response strategies that exacerbate multidrug resistance (MDR) by exploiting cellular stress to increase cancer metastatic potential and stemness, balance proliferation and differentiation, and amplify resistance to apoptosis. The regulation of prions in MDR is further complicated by important, putative physiological functions of ligand-binding and signal transduction. Melatonin is capable of both enhancing physiological functions and inhibiting oncogenic properties of prion proteins. Through regulation of phase separation of the prion N-terminal domain which targets and interacts with lipid rafts, melatonin may prevent conformational changes that can result in aggregation and/or conversion to pathological, infectious isoforms. As a cancer therapy adjuvant, melatonin could modulate TME oxidative stress levels and hypoxia, reverse pH gradient changes, reduce lipid peroxidation, and protect lipid raft compositions to suppress prion-mediated, non-Mendelian, heritable, but often reversible epigenetic adaptations that facilitate cancer heterogeneity, stemness, metastasis, and drug resistance. This review examines some of the mechanisms that may balance physiological and pathological effects of prions and prion-like proteins achieved through the synergistic use of melatonin to ameliorate MDR, which remains a challenge in cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Doris Loh
- Independent Researcher, Marble Falls, TX 78654, USA
- Correspondence: (D.L.); (R.J.R.)
| | - Russel J. Reiter
- Department of Cellular and Structural Biology, UT Health San Antonio, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA
- Correspondence: (D.L.); (R.J.R.)
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Oliveira MC, Yusupov M, Bogaerts A, Cordeiro RM. Distribution of lipid aldehydes in phase-separated membranes: A molecular dynamics study. Arch Biochem Biophys 2022; 717:109136. [DOI: 10.1016/j.abb.2022.109136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2021] [Revised: 01/19/2022] [Accepted: 01/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
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Loh D, Reiter RJ. Melatonin: Regulation of Biomolecular Condensates in Neurodegenerative Disorders. Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 10:1483. [PMID: 34573116 PMCID: PMC8465482 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10091483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2021] [Revised: 09/10/2021] [Accepted: 09/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Biomolecular condensates are membraneless organelles (MLOs) that form dynamic, chemically distinct subcellular compartments organizing macromolecules such as proteins, RNA, and DNA in unicellular prokaryotic bacteria and complex eukaryotic cells. Separated from surrounding environments, MLOs in the nucleoplasm, cytoplasm, and mitochondria assemble by liquid-liquid phase separation (LLPS) into transient, non-static, liquid-like droplets that regulate essential molecular functions. LLPS is primarily controlled by post-translational modifications (PTMs) that fine-tune the balance between attractive and repulsive charge states and/or binding motifs of proteins. Aberrant phase separation due to dysregulated membrane lipid rafts and/or PTMs, as well as the absence of adequate hydrotropic small molecules such as ATP, or the presence of specific RNA proteins can cause pathological protein aggregation in neurodegenerative disorders. Melatonin may exert a dominant influence over phase separation in biomolecular condensates by optimizing membrane and MLO interdependent reactions through stabilizing lipid raft domains, reducing line tension, and maintaining negative membrane curvature and fluidity. As a potent antioxidant, melatonin protects cardiolipin and other membrane lipids from peroxidation cascades, supporting protein trafficking, signaling, ion channel activities, and ATPase functionality during condensate coacervation or dissolution. Melatonin may even control condensate LLPS through PTM and balance mRNA- and RNA-binding protein composition by regulating N6-methyladenosine (m6A) modifications. There is currently a lack of pharmaceuticals targeting neurodegenerative disorders via the regulation of phase separation. The potential of melatonin in the modulation of biomolecular condensate in the attenuation of aberrant condensate aggregation in neurodegenerative disorders is discussed in this review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Doris Loh
- Independent Researcher, Marble Falls, TX 78654, USA
| | - Russel J. Reiter
- Department of Cellular and Structural Biology, UT Health Science Center, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA
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Kondela T, Dushanov E, Vorobyeva M, Mamatkulov K, Drolle E, Soloviov D, Hrubovčák P, Kholmurodov K, Arzumanyan G, Leonenko Z, Kučerka N. Investigating the competitive effects of cholesterol and melatonin in model lipid membranes. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-BIOMEMBRANES 2021; 1863:183651. [PMID: 34023300 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamem.2021.183651] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2021] [Revised: 05/11/2021] [Accepted: 05/14/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
We have studied the impact of cholesterol and/or melatonin on the static and dynamical properties of bilayers made of DPPC or DOPC utilizing neutron scattering techniques, Raman spectroscopy and molecular dynamics simulations. While differing in the amplitude of the effect due to cholesterol or melatonin when comparing their interactions with the two lipids, their addition ensued recognizable changes to both types of bilayers. As expected, based on the two-component systems of lipid/cholesterol or lipid/melatonin studied previously, we show the impact of cholesterol and melatonin being opposite and competitive in the case of three-component systems of lipid/cholesterol/melatonin. The effect of cholesterol appears to prevail over that of melatonin in the case of structural properties of DPPC-based bilayers, which can be explained by its interactions targeting primarily the saturated lipid chains. The dynamics of hydrocarbon chains represented by the ratio of trans/gauche conformers reveals the competitive effect of cholesterol and melatonin being somewhat more balanced. The additive yet opposing effects of cholesterol and melatonin have been observed also in the case of structural properties of DOPC-based bilayers. We report that cholesterol induced an increase in bilayer thickness, while melatonin induced a decrease in bilayer thickness in the three-component systems of DOPC/cholesterol/melatonin. Commensurately, by evaluating the projected area of DOPC, we demonstrate a lipid area decrease with an increasing concentration of cholesterol, and a lipid area increase with an increasing concentration of melatonin. The demonstrated condensing effect of cholesterol and the fluidizing effect of melatonin appear in an additive manner upon their mutual presence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomáš Kondela
- Frank Laboratory of Neutron Physics, Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Joliot-Curie 6, Dubna, Moscow Region 141980, Russian Federation; Faculty of Mathematics, Physics and Informatics, Comenius University in Bratislava, Mlynska dolina, Bratislava 842 48, Slovakia
| | - Ermuhammad Dushanov
- Laboratory of Radiation Biology, Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Joliot-Curie 6, Dubna, Moscow Region 141980, Russian Federation; Department of Biophysics, Dubna State University, Universitetskaya 19, Dubna, Moscow Region 141980, Russian Federation
| | - Maria Vorobyeva
- Frank Laboratory of Neutron Physics, Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Joliot-Curie 6, Dubna, Moscow Region 141980, Russian Federation
| | - Kahramon Mamatkulov
- Frank Laboratory of Neutron Physics, Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Joliot-Curie 6, Dubna, Moscow Region 141980, Russian Federation
| | - Elizabeth Drolle
- Department of Biology, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada
| | - Dmytro Soloviov
- Frank Laboratory of Neutron Physics, Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Joliot-Curie 6, Dubna, Moscow Region 141980, Russian Federation; Faculty of Physics, Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Hlushkova Ave. 4, Kyiv 03127, Ukraine
| | - Pavol Hrubovčák
- Frank Laboratory of Neutron Physics, Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Joliot-Curie 6, Dubna, Moscow Region 141980, Russian Federation; Department of Condensed Matter Physics, P. J. Šafárik University, Park Angelinum 9, Košice 04154, Slovakia
| | - Kholmirzo Kholmurodov
- Frank Laboratory of Neutron Physics, Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Joliot-Curie 6, Dubna, Moscow Region 141980, Russian Federation; Department of Chemistry, New Technologies and Materials, Dubna State University, Universitetskaya 19, Dubna, Moscow Region 141980, Russian Federation
| | - Grigory Arzumanyan
- Frank Laboratory of Neutron Physics, Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Joliot-Curie 6, Dubna, Moscow Region 141980, Russian Federation
| | - Zoya Leonenko
- Department of Biology, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada; Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada
| | - Norbert Kučerka
- Frank Laboratory of Neutron Physics, Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Joliot-Curie 6, Dubna, Moscow Region 141980, Russian Federation; Department of Physical Chemistry of Drugs, Faculty of Pharmacy, Comenius University in Bratislava, Odbojárov 10, Bratislava 832 32, Slovakia.
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