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Nayak AK, Das SL, Misbah C. Endothelial calcium dynamics elicited by ATP release from red blood cells. Sci Rep 2024; 14:13550. [PMID: 38866785 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-63306-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2023] [Accepted: 05/27/2024] [Indexed: 06/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Red blood cells (RBCs) exhibit an interesting response to hydrodynamic flow, releasing adenosine triphosphate (ATP). Subsequently, these liberated ATP molecules initiate a crucial interaction with endothelial cells (ECs), thereby setting off a cascade involving the release of calcium ions (Ca2 + ). Ca2 + exerts control over a plethora of cellular functions, and acts as a mediator for dilation and contraction of blood vessel walls. This study focuses on the relationship between RBC dynamics and Ca2 + dynamics, based on numerical simulations under Poiseuille flow within a linear two-dimensional channel. It is found that the concentration of ATP depends upon a variety of factors, including RBC density, channel width, and the vigor of the flow. The results of our investigation reveals several features. Firstly, the peak amplitude of Ca2 + per EC escalates in direct proportion to the augmentation of RBC concentration. Secondly, increasing the flow strength induces a reduction in the time taken to reach the peak of Ca2 + concentration, under the condition of a constant channel width. Additionally, when flow strength remains constant, an increase in channel width corresponds to an elevation in calcium peak amplitude, coupled with a decrease in peak time. This implies that Ca2 + signals should transition from relatively unconstrained channels to more confined pathways within real vascular networks. This notion gains support from our examination of calcium propagation in a linear channel. In this scenario, the localized Ca2 + release initiates a propagating wave that gradually encompasses the entire channel. Notably, our computed propagation speed agrees with observations.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Sovan Lal Das
- Physical and Chemical Biology Laboratory, and Department of Mechanical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Palakkad, Palakkad, 678623, India
| | - Chaouqi Misbah
- CNRS, LIPhy, Université Grenoble Alpes, 38000, Grenoble, France.
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Nouaman M, Darras A, Wagner C, Recktenwald SM. Confinement effect on the microcapillary flow and shape of red blood cells. BIOMICROFLUIDICS 2024; 18:024104. [PMID: 38577010 PMCID: PMC10994673 DOI: 10.1063/5.0197208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2024] [Accepted: 03/14/2024] [Indexed: 04/06/2024]
Abstract
The ability to change shape is essential for the proper functioning of red blood cells (RBCs) within the microvasculature. The shape of RBCs significantly influences blood flow and has been employed in microfluidic lab-on-a-chip devices, serving as a diagnostic biomarker for specific pathologies and enabling the assessment of RBC deformability. While external flow conditions, such as the vessel size and the flow velocity, are known to impact microscale RBC flow, our comprehensive understanding of how their shape-adapting ability is influenced by channel confinement in biomedical applications remains incomplete. This study explores the impact of various rectangular and square channels, each with different confinement and aspect ratios, on the in vitro RBC flow behavior and characteristic shapes. We demonstrate that rectangular microchannels, with a height similar to the RBC diameter in combination with a confinement ratio exceeding 0.9, are required to generate distinctive well-defined croissant and slipper-like RBC shapes. These shapes are characterized by their equilibrium positions in the channel cross section, and we observe a strong elongation of both stable shapes in response to the shear rate across the different channels. Less confined channel configurations lead to the emergence of unstable other shape types that display rich shape dynamics. Our work establishes an experimental framework to understand the influence of channel size on the single-cell flow behavior of RBCs, providing valuable insights for the design of biomicrofluidic single-cell analysis applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed Nouaman
- Dynamics of Fluids, Department of Experimental Physics, Saarland University, 66123 Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Alexis Darras
- Dynamics of Fluids, Department of Experimental Physics, Saarland University, 66123 Saarbrücken, Germany
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Gannon A, Quaife B, Young YN. Hydrodynamics of a multicomponent vesicle under strong confinement. SOFT MATTER 2024; 20:599-608. [PMID: 38131477 DOI: 10.1039/d3sm01087b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
We numerically investigate the hydrodynamics and membrane dynamics of a multicomponent vesicle in two strongly confined geometries. This serves as a simplified model for red blood cells undergoing large deformations while traversing narrow constrictions. We propose a new parameterization for the bending modulus that remains positive for all lipid phase parameter values. For a multicomponent vesicle passing through a stenosis, we establish connections between various properties: lipid phase coarsening, size and flow profile of the lubrication layers, excess pressure, and the tank-treading velocity of the membrane. For a multicomponent vesicle passing through a contracting channel, we find that the lipid always phase separates so that the vesicle is stiffer in the front as it passes through the constriction. For both cases of confinement we find that lipid coarsening is arrested under strong confinement, and resumes at a high rate upon relief from extreme confinement. The results may be useful for efficient sorting lipid domains using microfluidic flows by controlled release of vesicles passing through strong confinement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashley Gannon
- Department of Scientific Computing, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL, 32306, USA.
| | - Bryan Quaife
- Department of Scientific Computing, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL, 32306, USA.
| | - Y-N Young
- Department of Mathematical Sciences, New Jersey Institute of Technology, Newark, NJ, 07102, USA.
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Nouaman M, Darras A, John T, Simionato G, Rab MAE, van Wijk R, Laschke MW, Kaestner L, Wagner C, Recktenwald SM. Effect of Cell Age and Membrane Rigidity on Red Blood Cell Shape in Capillary Flow. Cells 2023; 12:1529. [PMID: 37296651 PMCID: PMC10252257 DOI: 10.3390/cells12111529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2023] [Revised: 05/30/2023] [Accepted: 05/30/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Blood flow in the microcirculatory system is crucially affected by intrinsic red blood cell (RBC) properties, such as their deformability. In the smallest vessels of this network, RBCs adapt their shapes to the flow conditions. Although it is known that the age of RBCs modifies their physical properties, such as increased cytosol viscosity and altered viscoelastic membrane properties, the evolution of their shape-adapting abilities during senescence remains unclear. In this study, we investigated the effect of RBC properties on the microcapillary in vitro flow behavior and their characteristic shapes in microfluidic channels. For this, we fractioned RBCs from healthy donors according to their age. Moreover, the membranes of fresh RBCs were chemically rigidified using diamide to study the effect of isolated graded-membrane rigidity. Our results show that a fraction of stable, asymmetric, off-centered slipper-like cells at high velocities decreases with increasing age or diamide concentration. However, while old cells form an enhanced number of stable symmetric croissants at the channel centerline, this shape class is suppressed for purely rigidified cells with diamide. Our study provides further knowledge about the distinct effects of age-related changes of intrinsic cell properties on the single-cell flow behavior of RBCs in confined flows due to inter-cellular age-related cell heterogeneity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed Nouaman
- Dynamics of Fluids, Department of Experimental Physics, Saarland University, 66123 Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Alexis Darras
- Dynamics of Fluids, Department of Experimental Physics, Saarland University, 66123 Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Thomas John
- Dynamics of Fluids, Department of Experimental Physics, Saarland University, 66123 Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Greta Simionato
- Dynamics of Fluids, Department of Experimental Physics, Saarland University, 66123 Saarbrücken, Germany
- Institute for Clinical and Experimental Surgery, Saarland University, 66421 Homburg, Germany
| | - Minke A. E. Rab
- Central Diagnostic Laboratory-Research, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, 3584 CX Utrecht, The Netherlands
- Department of Hematology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, 3584 CX Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Richard van Wijk
- Central Diagnostic Laboratory-Research, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, 3584 CX Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Matthias W. Laschke
- Institute for Clinical and Experimental Surgery, Saarland University, 66421 Homburg, Germany
| | - Lars Kaestner
- Dynamics of Fluids, Department of Experimental Physics, Saarland University, 66123 Saarbrücken, Germany
- Theoretical Medicine and Biosciences, Saarland University, 66421 Homburg, Germany
| | - Christian Wagner
- Dynamics of Fluids, Department of Experimental Physics, Saarland University, 66123 Saarbrücken, Germany
- Physics and Materials Science Research Unit, University of Luxembourg, L-1511 Luxembourg, Luxembourg
| | - Steffen M. Recktenwald
- Dynamics of Fluids, Department of Experimental Physics, Saarland University, 66123 Saarbrücken, Germany
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Sezgin E, Levental I. Membranes in focus. Biophys J 2023:S0006-3495(23)00303-X. [PMID: 37209687 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpj.2023.05.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2023] [Revised: 05/04/2023] [Accepted: 05/04/2023] [Indexed: 05/22/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Erdinc Sezgin
- Department of Women's and Children's Health, Karolinska Institutet, Solna, Sweden.
| | - Ilya Levental
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biological Physics, Center for Molecular and Cell Physiology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia.
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