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Oh NS, Joung JY, Lee JY, Song JG, Oh S, Kim Y, Kim HW, Kim SH. Glycated milk protein fermented with Lactobacillus rhamnosus ameliorates the cognitive health of mice under mild-stress condition. Gut Microbes 2020; 11:1643-1661. [PMID: 32573326 PMCID: PMC7524334 DOI: 10.1080/19490976.2020.1756690] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the effects of glycated milk casein (Gc) fermented with Lactobacillus rhamnosus 4B15 (FGc) on the intestinal microbiota and physiological and behavioral properties in mice under chronic stress. Mice were administered Gc or FGc for 10 weeks and then exposed to unpredictable chronic mild stress (UCMS) for 7 weeks. FGc administration restored alterations of gut microbiota induced by UCMS. Moreover, FGc significantly reduced the stress-induced increase in serum corticosterone and decrease in serotonin levels. Anxiety-like behaviors induced by UCMS were also significantly decreased in the FGc group. UCMS-induced dysregulation of gene and protein expression related to neuroendocrine function, neuronal development, and inflammation, and gut-blood-brain barrier function was controlled by FGc pre-treatment. These results strongly suggest the protective effects of FGc targeting of intestinal microbiota for abnormal brain activity, which is consistent with the view that FGc plays an important role in regulating stress-related gut-brain axis disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nam Su Oh
- Department of Food and Biotechnology, Korea University, Sejong, Korea
| | - Jae Yeon Joung
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Ji Young Lee
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul, Korea,R & D Center, Seoul Dairy Cooperative, Ansan, Korea
| | - Jae Gwang Song
- Department of Bio-integrated Science and Technology, College of Life Sciences, Sejong University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sangnam Oh
- Department of Functional Food and Biotechnology, Jeonju University, Jeonju, Korea
| | - Younghoon Kim
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology and Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Science, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea,CONTACT Younghoon Kim Department of Agricultural Biotechnology and Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Science, Seoul National University, Seoul08826, Korea
| | - Hyung Wook Kim
- Department of Bio-integrated Science and Technology, College of Life Sciences, Sejong University, Seoul, Korea,Hyung Wook Kim Department of Bio-integrated Science and Technology, College of Life Sciences, Sejong University, Seoul05006, Korea
| | - Sae Hun Kim
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul, Korea,Sae Hun Kim Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul02841, Korea
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Rajan KE, Soundarya S, Karen C, Shanmugapriya V, Radhakrishnan K. Presence of Mother Reduces Early-Life Social Stress: Linking the Alteration in Hypothalamic-Pituitary-Adrenal Axis and Serotonergic System. Dev Neurosci 2019; 41:212-222. [PMID: 31865338 DOI: 10.1159/000504508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2019] [Accepted: 10/30/2019] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
In this study, we examined whether the presence of mother suppresses early-life stressful social experience (SSE)-induced anxiety-like behavior and impairment of short-term memory later in life. On postnatal day (PND)-5, mothers with pups were grouped as follows: (i) control; (ii) maternal separation (MS); (iii) pups with mother experience the presence of a stranger (M+P-ST); and (iv) maternal separated pups experience the presence of a stranger (MSP-ST). Individuals were subjected to light-dark box and spontaneous alternation from PND-29 to 32. We observed that the MSP-ST group exhibits anxiety-like behavior and impairment in short-term memory. Further, SSE significantly elevated the adrenocorticotropic hormone, corticosterone and expression of glucocorticoid receptor (GR) in MSP-ST pups. Similarly, serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine; 5-HT), dopamine, noradrenaline and expression of serotonin transporter levels were significantly elevated in MSP-ST pups. These observations suggest that during early postnatal days, the pups may recognize strangers by the sense of smell, and the presence of mother reduces the SSE-induced stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Koilmani Emmanuvel Rajan
- Behavioural Neuroscience Laboratory, Department of Animal Science, School of Life Sciences, Bharathidasan University, Tiruchirappalli, India,
| | - Suba Soundarya
- Behavioural Neuroscience Laboratory, Department of Animal Science, School of Life Sciences, Bharathidasan University, Tiruchirappalli, India.,School of Molecular Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Washington, Australia
| | - Christopher Karen
- Behavioural Neuroscience Laboratory, Department of Animal Science, School of Life Sciences, Bharathidasan University, Tiruchirappalli, India
| | - Vasudevan Shanmugapriya
- Behavioural Neuroscience Laboratory, Department of Animal Science, School of Life Sciences, Bharathidasan University, Tiruchirappalli, India
| | - Karuppasamy Radhakrishnan
- Behavioural Neuroscience Laboratory, Department of Animal Science, School of Life Sciences, Bharathidasan University, Tiruchirappalli, India.,Department of Zoology, Government Arts College, Karur, India
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Matsui F, Hecht P, Yoshimoto K, Watanabe Y, Morimoto M, Fritsche K, Will M, Beversdorf D. DHA Mitigates Autistic Behaviors Accompanied by Dopaminergic Change in a Gene/Prenatal Stress Mouse Model. Neuroscience 2017; 371:407-419. [PMID: 29288796 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2017.12.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2017] [Revised: 12/18/2017] [Accepted: 12/20/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is characterized by impairments in social interaction, social communication, and repetitive and stereotyped behaviors. Recent work has begun to explore gene × environmental interactions in the etiology of ASD. We previously reported that prenatal stress exposure in stress-susceptible heterozygous serotonin transporter (SERT) KO pregnant dams in a mouse model resulted in autism-like behavior in the offspring (SERT/S mice). The association between prenatal stress and ASD appears to be affected by maternal SERT genotype in clinical populations as well. Using the mouse model, we examined autistic-like behaviors in greater detail, and additionally explored whether diet supplementation with docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) may mitigate the behavioral changes. Only male SERT/S mice showed social impairment and stereotyped behavior, and DHA supplementation ameliorated some of these behaviors. We also measured monoamine levels in the SERT/S mice after three treatment paradigms: DHA-rich diet continuously from breeding (DHA diet), DHA-rich diet only after weaning (CTL/DHA diet) and control diet only (CTL diet). The dopamine (DA) content in the striatum was significantly increased in the SERT/S mice compared with wild-type (WT) mice, whereas no difference was observed with noradrenaline and serotonin content. Moreover, DA content in the striatum was significantly reduced in the SERT/S mice with the DHA-rich diet provided continuously from breeding. The results indicate that autism-associated behaviors and changes in the dopaminergic system in this setting can be mitigated with DHA supplementation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fumihiro Matsui
- Department of Radiology, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, USA; Department of Pediatrics, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Patrick Hecht
- Interdisciplinary Neuroscience Program, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, USA
| | - Kanji Yoshimoto
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, Hiroshima Institute of Technology, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Yoshihisa Watanabe
- Department of Basic Geriatrics, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Masafumi Morimoto
- Department of Pediatrics, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Kevin Fritsche
- Department of Nutrition and Exercise Physiology, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, USA
| | - Matthew Will
- Department of Psychological Sciences, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, USA
| | - David Beversdorf
- Department of Radiology, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, USA; Interdisciplinary Neuroscience Program, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, USA; Department of Psychological Sciences, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, USA; Departments of Radiology and Neurology, William and Nancy Thompson Chair in Radiology, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, USA.
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Ohta K, Miki T, Warita K, Suzuki S, Kusaka T, Yakura T, Liu J, Tamai M, Takeuchi Y. Prolonged maternal separation disturbs the serotonergic system during early brain development. Int J Dev Neurosci 2013; 33:15-21. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijdevneu.2013.10.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2013] [Revised: 10/18/2013] [Accepted: 10/23/2013] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Ken‐ichi Ohta
- Department of Anatomy and NeurobiologyFaculty of MedicineKagawa UniversityKagawaJapan
| | - Takanori Miki
- Department of Anatomy and NeurobiologyFaculty of MedicineKagawa UniversityKagawaJapan
| | - Katsuhiko Warita
- Department of Anatomy and NeurobiologyFaculty of MedicineKagawa UniversityKagawaJapan
- Department of PathologyDivision of Molecular DiagnosticsUniversity of Pittsburgh School of MedicinePittsburghPAUSA
| | - Shingo Suzuki
- Department of Anatomy and NeurobiologyFaculty of MedicineKagawa UniversityKagawaJapan
| | - Takashi Kusaka
- Department of PediatricsFaculty of MedicineKagawa UniversityKagawaJapan
| | - Tomiko Yakura
- Department of Anatomy and NeurobiologyFaculty of MedicineKagawa UniversityKagawaJapan
| | - Jun‐Qian Liu
- Department of Anatomy and NeurobiologyFaculty of MedicineKagawa UniversityKagawaJapan
| | - Motoki Tamai
- Department of Anatomy and NeurobiologyFaculty of MedicineKagawa UniversityKagawaJapan
| | - Yoshiki Takeuchi
- Department of Anatomy and NeurobiologyFaculty of MedicineKagawa UniversityKagawaJapan
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Archer T. Effects of exogenous agents on brain development: stress, abuse and therapeutic compounds. CNS Neurosci Ther 2010; 17:470-89. [PMID: 20553311 DOI: 10.1111/j.1755-5949.2010.00171.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
The range of exogenous agents likely to affect, generally detrimentally, the normal development of the brain and central nervous system defies estimation although the amount of accumulated evidence is enormous. The present review is limited to certain types of chemotherapeutic and "use-and-abuse" compounds and environmental agents, exemplified by anesthetic, antiepileptic, sleep-inducing and anxiolytic compounds, nicotine and alcohol, and stress as well as agents of infection; each of these agents have been investigated quite extensively and have been shown to contribute to the etiopathogenesis of serious neuropsychiatric disorders. To greater or lesser extent, all of the exogenous agents discussed in the present treatise have been investigated for their influence upon neurodevelopmental processes during the period of the brain growth spurt and during other phases uptill adulthood, thereby maintaining the notion of critical phases for the outcome of treatment whether prenatal, postnatal, or adolescent. Several of these agents have contributed to the developmental disruptions underlying structural and functional brain abnormalities that are observed in the symptom and biomarker profiles of the schizophrenia spectrum disorders and the fetal alcohol spectrum disorders. In each case, the effects of the exogenous agents upon the status of the affected brain, within defined parameters and conditions, is generally permanent and irreversible.
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Affiliation(s)
- Trevor Archer
- Department of Psychology, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.
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Staging perspectives in neurodevelopmental aspects of neuropsychiatry: agents, phases and ages at expression. Neurotox Res 2010; 18:287-305. [PMID: 20237881 DOI: 10.1007/s12640-010-9162-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2010] [Revised: 02/08/2010] [Accepted: 02/08/2010] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Neurodevelopmental risk factors have assumed a critical role in prevailing notions concerning the etiopathogenesis of neuropsychiatric disorders. Staging, diagnostic elements at which phase of disease is determined, provides a means of conceptualizing the degree and extent of factors affecting brain development trajectories, but is concurrently specified through the particular interactions of genes and environment unique to each individual case. For present purposes, staging perspectives in neurodevelopmental aspects of the disease processes are considered from conditions giving rise to neurodevelopmental staging in affective states, adolescence, dopamine disease states, and autism spectrum disorders. Three major aspects influencing the eventual course of individual developmental trajectories appear to possess an essential determinant influence upon outcome: (i) the type of agent that interferes with brain development, whether chemical, immune system activating or absent (anoxia/hypoxia), (ii) the phase of brain development at which the agent exerts disruption, whether prenatal, postnatal, or adolescent, and (iii) the age of expression of structural and functional abnormalities. Clinical staging may be assumed at any or each developmental phase. The present perspective offers both a challenge to bring further order to diagnosis, intervention, and prognosis and a statement regarding the extreme complexities and interwoven intricacies of epigenetic factors, biomarkers, and neurobehavioral entities that aggravate currents notions of the neuropsychiatric disorders.
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