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Archna, Garg D, Goel S, Mukherjee SB, Pemde HK, Jain P, Sharma S. Modified Atkins diet versus levetiracetam for non-surgical drug-resistant epilepsy in children: A randomized open-label study. Seizure 2022; 103:61-67. [DOI: 10.1016/j.seizure.2022.10.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2022] [Revised: 09/25/2022] [Accepted: 10/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
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Fayyazi A, Ebrahimi MH, Roshanaei G, Bazmamoun H. Evaluation of the Levetiracetam treatment on reduction of epileptic discharges in electroencephalogram in children with epilepsy. IRANIAN JOURNAL OF CHILD NEUROLOGY 2021; 15:67-73. [PMID: 34782843 PMCID: PMC8570628 DOI: 10.22037/ijcn.v16i1.30946] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2020] [Accepted: 11/18/2020] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Objectives Epilepsy is a relatively common disease in childhood. In some patients, the electroencephalogram (EEG) is abnormal despite the clinical control of seizures. Studies have identified the adverse effects of epileptic discharges on cognition, learning, behavior, and seizure recurrence in children. This study investigated the Levetiracetam effect on epileptic discharges in the interictal phase of EEG in epileptic children. Materials & Methods This clinical trial was conducted on 54 epileptic children aged 2 to 15 years, whose clinical seizures were controlled by sodium valproate in the last six months but still had epileptic discharges in EEG. The participants were divided into two groups: an intervention group (21 people), for which Levetiracetam was added to sodium valproate, and a control group (33 people), for which treatment with sodium valproate alone was continued. The patients were then followed for one year. Results The percent normalization of epileptic discharges in the intervention and control groups was 66.7% and 57.1% (P = 0.500), respectively. Also, the mean time for the normalization of epileptic discharges in the intervention and control groups was 12.60±8.25 and 20.57±12.67 months (P = 0.042), respectively. Conclusion In children with controlled seizures whose EEG was still abnormal, sodium valproate therapy alone and combined with Levetiracetam effectively reduced the severity of epileptic discharges. However, the addition of Levetiracetam to sodium valproate normalized EEG more rapidly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Afshin Fayyazi
- Department of pediatric neurology, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | | | - Ghodratollah Roshanaei
- Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Hassan Bazmamoun
- Department of pediatric gastroenterology, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
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Kanemura H, Sano F, Hoshino H, Aihara M. Efficacy of perampanel in epilepsy patients with autism spectrum disorder. Epilepsy Res 2021; 170:106550. [PMID: 33450524 DOI: 10.1016/j.eplepsyres.2021.106550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2020] [Revised: 12/13/2020] [Accepted: 12/30/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
AIM The aim of this study was to assess the usefulness of perampanel (PER), and to identify the relationship between behavioral impairments and electroencephalogram (EEG) findings in epilepsy patients with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). METHODS Participants were ASD patients with epilepsy recruited between June 1, 2016 and June 30, 2018. Inclusion criteria were: seizures refractory to two appropriate antiseizure medications (ASMs); presence of neuropsychological impairments; and ≥12 months of monitoring. PER was administered once daily, starting at a dose of 2 mg/day, increased to 12 mg/day. Seizure/EEG responders were identified as participants showing a >50 % reduction in seizure/interictal epileptiform discharge (IED) frequency (indicated as complete disappearance and response). Behavioral responders were identified as participants with a ≥50 % reduction in scores of the Japanese manuals for the Aberrant Behavior Checklist (ABC-J). RESULTS Eleven (64.7 %) of 17 patients were considered to be both seizure and EEG responders. Five (45.5 %) of these 11 patients with seizure/EEG response were considered as behavioral responders. Mean ABC-J scores were significantly decreased at 12 months after PER administration (p = 0.0002). A correlation between decreased IED frequency and ABC-J score was evident in frontal IEDs, but not in non-frontal IEDs. Participants presenting with frontal IEDs showed a significantly higher correlation between seizures/EEG and behavioral improvements (p = 0.023). Moreover, 2 of 6 patients without seizure/EEG improvement were considered as behavioral responders. No patients discontinued PER. CONCLUSIONS The results from this study suggest the utility of PER treatment in reducing clinical seizures and IEDs for ASD patients with intractable epilepsy, at least in some patients. Moreover, the present results also indicate the usefulness of PER in improving neuropsychiatric impairments, including behavioral disturbances in ASD related to improvement of clinical seizures/frontal IEDs, but also unrelated to seizure/EEG improvement in at least some ASD patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hideaki Kanemura
- Department of Pediatrics, Toho University Medical Center Sakura Hospital, 564-1 Shimoshizu, Sakura, Chiba, 285-8741, Japan; Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Yamanashi, 1110 Chuo, Yamanashi, 409-3898, Japan.
| | - Fumikazu Sano
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Yamanashi, 1110 Chuo, Yamanashi, 409-3898, Japan.
| | - Hiroki Hoshino
- Department of Pediatrics, Toho University Medical Center Sakura Hospital, 564-1 Shimoshizu, Sakura, Chiba, 285-8741, Japan.
| | - Masao Aihara
- Interdisciplinary Graduate School of Medicine and Engineering, University of Yamanashi, 1110 Chuo, Yamanashi, 409-3898, Japan.
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Cao Y, He X, Zhao L, He Y, Wang S, Zhang T, Jiang J. Efficacy and safety of Levetiracetam as adjunctive treatment in children with focal onset seizures: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Epilepsy Res 2019; 153:40-48. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eplepsyres.2019.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2019] [Revised: 02/16/2019] [Accepted: 04/01/2019] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
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Kanemura H, Sano F, Ohyama T, Aihara M. Efficacy of levetiracetam for reducing rolandic discharges in comparison with carbamazepine and valproate sodium in rolandic epilepsy. Seizure 2018; 62:79-83. [PMID: 30308427 DOI: 10.1016/j.seizure.2018.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2018] [Revised: 10/01/2018] [Accepted: 10/02/2018] [Indexed: 10/28/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE The main purpose of this study was to compare the efficacy of levetiracetam (LEV) with the older antiepileptic drugs (AEDs) for preventing atypical evolution in children with Rolandic epilepsy (RE). Accordingly, the present study compared the efficacy of older AEDs (carbamazepine (CBZ) and valproate sodium (VPA)) with LEV in reducing rolandic discharges (RDs) on interictal electroencephalogram (EEG) in children with RE. METHODS Patients in this heterogenous study were subdivided into CBZ, VPA and LEV groups in accordance with the initial monotherapy. The CBZ and VPA groups were studied retrospectively, but the LEV group was studied prospectively. Appearances of discharges were counted and these rates were computed. In comparison with the baseline RD frequency, EEG response to AED treatment was classified such as complete disappearance and response (≥50% reduction in RD frequency). The time taken to attain complete disappearance or response in EEG responders was assessed for each AED treatment group. RESULTS Responders comprised 10 (11.2%) of the 89 patients treated with CBZ, 41 (56.2%) of the 73 patients with VPA, and 25 (71.4%) of the 35 patients with LEV. Mean interval to achievement of EEG response in the CBZ, VPA, and LEV groups were 36.3, 23.1, and 14.7 months, respectively. EEG response was achieved significantly more rapidly with LEV than with CBZ (p < 0.001) or VPA (p < 0.005). Seizure control was not significantly different in all 3 investigated drugs. CONCLUSIONS LEV seems to be superior to CBZ and VPA in its ability to suppress RDs in children with RE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hideaki Kanemura
- Department of Paediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Graduate School, University of Yamanashi, 1110 Shimokato, Chuo, Yamanashi 409-3898, Japan.
| | - Fumikazu Sano
- Department of Paediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Graduate School, University of Yamanashi, 1110 Shimokato, Chuo, Yamanashi 409-3898, Japan
| | - Tetsuo Ohyama
- Department of Paediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Graduate School, University of Yamanashi, 1110 Shimokato, Chuo, Yamanashi 409-3898, Japan
| | - Masao Aihara
- Graduate Faculty of Interdisciplinary Research, Graduate School, University of Yamanashi, 1110 Shimokato, Chuo, Yamanashi 409-3898, Japan
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Viteva E, Zahariev Z. Comparative effectiveness of add-on therapy with newer-generation antiepileptic drugs in Bulgarian patients with refractory epilepsy. Epilepsy Behav 2018; 87:137-145. [PMID: 30097339 DOI: 10.1016/j.yebeh.2018.07.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2018] [Revised: 07/17/2018] [Accepted: 07/21/2018] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The objective of this study is to perform an open, prospective study on various aspects of comparative effectiveness of newer-generation antiepileptic drugs as add-on therapy in Bulgarian patients with drug-resistant epilepsy. METHODS The study was performed with the participation of 1259 patients with epilepsy who attended the Clinic of Neurology at the University Hospital in Plovdiv, Bulgaria for regular visits and completed diaries about seizure frequency, severity, and adverse events. RESULTS Oxcarbazepine was used in 82 patients, topiramate in 120 patients, lamotrigine in 73 patients, levetiracetam in 135 patients, pregabalin in 47 patients, tiagabine in 43 patients, gabapentin in 18 patients, lacosamide in 12 patients, and retigabine in 6 patients. During the first 24 months of study, improvement of seizure severity and frequency was most frequent in patients on treatment with pregabalin and levetiracetam and rarest in those on treatment with oxcarbazepine. The retention rate of patients on pregabalin and tiagabine was significantly lower compared to the retention rate of patients on most of the other antiepileptic drugs. The frequency of adverse events was higher in patients on treatment with tiagabine and pregabalin. CONCLUSION Despite some similar characteristics of newer-generation antiepileptic drugs' effectiveness, levetiracetam stands out with better dynamic improvement of seizure severity and frequency and satisfactory tolerability; typical for pregabalin is a very good dynamic improvement of seizure severity and frequency mainly in patients with focal seizures, but a lower tolerability, and the main advantage of oxcarbazepine is a good tolerability, efficacy, however, is less satisfactory.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ekaterina Viteva
- Department of Neurology, Medical University - Plovdiv, Bulgaria, 15A Vasil Aprilov str., 4002 Plovdiv, Bulgaria.
| | - Zahari Zahariev
- Department of Neurology, Medical University - Plovdiv, Bulgaria, 15A Vasil Aprilov str., 4002 Plovdiv, Bulgaria
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Muramatsu K, Sawaura N, Ogata T, Makioka N, Tomita K, Motojima T, Ida K, Hazama K, Arakawa H. Efficacy and tolerability of levetiracetam for pediatric refractory epilepsy. Brain Dev 2017; 39:231-235. [PMID: 27745925 DOI: 10.1016/j.braindev.2016.09.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2015] [Revised: 09/07/2016] [Accepted: 09/21/2016] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Levetiracetam has a high tolerability and is effective against various seizure types and epilepsy syndromes. However, no study has specifically evaluated the efficacy of levetiracetam in children with refractory epilepsy based on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings and the presence of intellectual disability (ID). METHODS We retrospectively evaluated levetiracetam efficacy and safety in 49 pediatric patients who met the following inclusion criteria: (1) diagnosis of refractory epilepsy with first-line antiepileptic (AED) treatment ⩾2years, (2) younger than 20years old, and (3) received oral levetiracetam treatment for ⩾6months. We assessed the relationships of these outcomes with MRI findings and ID status. RESULTS Eighteen (37%) patients achieved a ⩾50% reduction in seizure frequency, and the majority (78%) had no remarkable side effects. Twenty-two (45%) patients had previously been treated with more than seven antiepileptic drugs prior to levetiracetam. Among 18 patients who achieved a ⩾50% reduction in seizure frequency, 13 and 5 had negative and positive MRI findings, and 9 and 9 had and did not have ID, respectively. CONCLUSIONS Our findings suggest that even for intractable pediatric cases with symptomatic etiology (i.e., MRI lesion and ID), levetiracetam has favorable efficacy for refractory epilepsy with tolerable adverse effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazuhiro Muramatsu
- Department of Pediatrics, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, Gunma, Japan; Department of Pediatrics, Maebashi Red Cross Hospital, Gunma, Japan.
| | - Noriko Sawaura
- Department of Pediatrics, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, Gunma, Japan
| | - Tomomi Ogata
- Department of Pediatrics, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, Gunma, Japan
| | - Nishiki Makioka
- Department of Pediatrics, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, Gunma, Japan
| | - Keiko Tomita
- Department of Pediatrics, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, Gunma, Japan; Department of Pediatrics, JCHO Gunma Chuo Hospital, Gunma, Japan
| | - Toshino Motojima
- Department of Pediatrics, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, Gunma, Japan; Department of Pediatrics, Motojima General Hospital, Gunma, Japan
| | - Kuniko Ida
- Department of Pediatrics, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, Gunma, Japan; Department of Pediatrics, Isesaki Municipal Hospital, Gunma, Japan
| | - Kyoko Hazama
- Department of Pediatrics, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, Gunma, Japan
| | - Hirokazu Arakawa
- Department of Pediatrics, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, Gunma, Japan
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Abbaskhanian A, Shahmohammadi S. Add-on Levetiracetam in Children With Refractory Epilepsy: A Systematic Review. JOURNAL OF PEDIATRICS REVIEW 2016. [DOI: 10.17795/jpr-6276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
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Safety of Levetiracetam in Paediatrics: A Systematic Review. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0149686. [PMID: 26930201 PMCID: PMC4773020 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0149686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2015] [Accepted: 02/02/2016] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective To identify adverse events (AEs) associated with Levetiracetam (LEV) in children. Methods Databases EMBASE (1974-February 2015) and Medline (1946-February 2015) were searched for articles in which paediatric patients (≤18 years) received LEV treatment for epilepsy. All studies with reports on safety were included. Studies involving adults, mixed age population (i.e. children and adults) in which the paediatric subpopulation was not sufficiently described, were excluded. A meta-analysis of the RCTs was carried out and association between the commonly reported AEs or treatment discontinuation and the type of regimen (polytherapy or monotherapy) was determined using Chi2 analysis. Results Sixty seven articles involving 3,174 paediatric patients were identified. A total of 1,913 AEs were reported across studies. The most common AEs were behavioural problems and somnolence, which accounted for 10.9% and 8.4% of all AEs in prospective studies. 21 prospective studies involving 1120 children stated the number of children experiencing AEs. 47% of these children experienced AEs. Significantly more children experienced AEs with polytherapy (64%) than monotherapy (22%) (p<0.001). Levetiracetam was discontinued in 4.5% of all children on polytherapy and 0.9% on monotherapy (p<0.001), the majority were due to behavioural problems. Conclusion Behavioural problems and somnolence were the most prevalent adverse events to LEV and the most common causes of treatment discontinuation. Children on polytherapy have a greater risk of adverse events than those receiving monotherapy.
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Yoshikawa S, Shimakawa S, Fukui M, Nomura S, Tanabe T, Tamai H. Clinical features of long-term low-dose levetiracetam treatment for epilepsy. Pediatr Int 2016; 58:40-4. [PMID: 26189956 DOI: 10.1111/ped.12753] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2014] [Revised: 05/02/2015] [Accepted: 06/09/2015] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The aim of this study was to assess the rate of response to long-term low-dose levetiracetam (LEV) treatment and the clinical factors associated with response. METHODS The response to low-dose LEV of 43 patients with epilepsy (22 male, 21 female; age range, 5-39 years; median age, 13 years) was retrospectively assessed. Patients aged <15 years received <20 mg/kg/day LEV, whereas those aged ≥15 years received <1000 mg/day LEV. Clinical features were compared between responders to low-dose LEV, responders to the recommended dose, and non-responders. RESULTS Of the 43 patients who received low-dose LEV, 13 (30%) showed improvement, defined as seizure cessation or >75% seizure reduction over 6 months for patients with monthly, weekly, and daily seizures; and over 1 year for patients with yearly seizures. Efficacy was maintained for >1 year in 10 (77%) of the 13 patients. Long-term response to low-dose LEV was significantly associated with older age at onset and fewer previous treatments with ineffective anti-epileptic drugs. All patients showing long-term response to low-dose LEV developed only focal seizures. CONCLUSIONS Titration of LEV starting from a low dose may be effective in selected patients. Once patients respond to low-dose treatment, maintenance of the effective dosage may prolong response.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Miho Fukui
- Department of Pediatrics, Osaka Medical College, Osaka, Japan
| | - Shohei Nomura
- Department of Pediatrics, Osaka Medical College, Osaka, Japan
| | - Takuya Tanabe
- Department of Pediatric Neurology, Tanabe Children's Clinic, Osaka, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Tamai
- Department of Pediatrics, Osaka Medical College, Osaka, Japan
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Iwasaki T, Toki T, Nonoda Y, Ishii M. The efficacy of levetiracetam for focal seizures and its blood levels in children. Brain Dev 2015; 37:773-9. [PMID: 25579248 DOI: 10.1016/j.braindev.2014.11.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2013] [Revised: 10/10/2014] [Accepted: 11/28/2014] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
AIM To evaluate the efficacy of levetiracetam (LEV) and the usefulness of measurement of its blood levels during the follow-up of patients with focal seizures. METHODS Twenty-four patients (13 cases without impairment of consciousness or awareness and 11 cases with them or evolving to a bilateral, convulsive seizure) treated with LEV had their peak blood levels measured. The blood concentrations were measured at 2 weeks, 1 year and 2 years after reaching the LEV maintenance dosage. The efficacy of LEV was evaluated with repeated blood sampling to determine the seizure reduction rate. The patients were classified as effective cases (seizure reduction rate>50%) and ineffective cases (⩽50%). RESULTS In Japanese children treated with LEV, the dosage and blood level showed positive correlations. The blood levels were higher in effective cases than in ineffective cases at all time points (p<0.05). In effective cases, the blood concentration was 23.26±6.88 μg/mL (mean±SD) 2 weeks later, 23.59±8.23 μg/mL 1 year later, and 24.46±7.57 μg/mL 2 years later. However, the blood levels and efficacies showed positive correlations only at 2 weeks and 1 year later. No patients had any side effects. CONCLUSIONS No precise definition of the therapeutic range was possible because of the incomplete correlation between the blood level and seizure frequency. Instead of a therapeutic range, we recommend an optimal range for LEV of 20-30 μg/mL as a therapeutic target without any side effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Toshiyuki Iwasaki
- Department of Pediatrics, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Kanagawa, Japan.
| | - Taira Toki
- Department of Pediatrics, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Yutaka Nonoda
- Department of Pediatrics, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Masahiro Ishii
- Department of Pediatrics, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Kanagawa, Japan
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Sheinberg R, Heyman E, Dagan Z, Youngster I, Kohn E, Gandelman-Marton R, Berkovitch M. Correlation between efficacy of levetiracetam and serum levels among children with refractory epilepsy. Pediatr Neurol 2015; 52:624-8. [PMID: 25791893 DOI: 10.1016/j.pediatrneurol.2015.01.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2014] [Revised: 01/20/2015] [Accepted: 01/23/2015] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Levetiracetam is used as adjunctive therapy in various types of seizures. Studies evaluating the effect of levetiracetam on children with refractory epilepsy are scarce. The aim of this study was to evaluate the correlation between serum concentration of levetiracetam and either efficacy or tolerability in children with refractory epilepsy, and to determine the value of levetiracetam blood level monitoring. METHODS Medical records of 50 children with refractory epilepsy treated with levetiracetam and regularly followed at Assaf Harofeh Medical Center were retrospectively reviewed. Trough serum levetiracetam concentration was determined using high-performance liquid chromatography and correlated with the administered dose and clinical report. RESULTS No correlation between levetiracetam serum levels and clinical efficacy, tolerability or administered dosage was found. The average dose of levetiracetam was 43.7 ± 20.0 (range 14-100) mg/kg/day and the average serum concentration was 16.0 ± 9.5 (range 2.5-38.5) μg/mL. Forty-five patients (95%) had more than a 50% reduction of seizure frequency, with 22 (44%) patients becoming seizure-free for at least 6 months. Adverse events related to levetiracetam were reported in 15 (30%) patients. No correlation between serum concentrations and adverse events was found. These results were not affected by gender, age, type of seizure, and other drugs. CONCLUSIONS Determination of serum concentration is not needed in all children treated with levetiracetam. Serum concentrations may be valuable either in patients with refractory epilepsy for compliance evaluation or in patients with satisfactory control of seizures for determination of their therapeutic baseline.
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Affiliation(s)
- Revital Sheinberg
- Department of Pediatrics, Assaf Harofeh Medical Center, Zerifin, Israel
| | - Eli Heyman
- Department of Pediatric Neurology, Assaf Harofeh Medical Center, Zerifin, Israel; Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Zahi Dagan
- Department of Pediatrics, Assaf Harofeh Medical Center, Zerifin, Israel; Clinical Pharmacology Unit, Assaf Harofeh Medical Center, Zerifin, Israel
| | - Ilan Youngster
- Department of Pediatrics, Assaf Harofeh Medical Center, Zerifin, Israel
| | - Elkana Kohn
- Clinical Pharmacology Unit, Assaf Harofeh Medical Center, Zerifin, Israel
| | - Revital Gandelman-Marton
- Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel; Electroencephalography Laboratory, Department of Neurology, Assaf Harofeh Medical Center, Zerifin, Israel
| | - Matitiahu Berkovitch
- Department of Pediatrics, Assaf Harofeh Medical Center, Zerifin, Israel; Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel; Clinical Pharmacology Unit, Assaf Harofeh Medical Center, Zerifin, Israel.
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Kanemura H, Sano F, Ohyama T, Sugita K, Aihara M. Effect of levetiracetam on behavioral problems in pervasive developmental disorder children with epilepsy. Eur J Paediatr Neurol 2014; 18:482-8. [PMID: 24703761 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpn.2014.03.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2013] [Revised: 03/04/2014] [Accepted: 03/15/2014] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
AIMS We investigated the relationship between behavioral problems, location of electroencephalogram (EEG) paroxysmal abnormalities (PA), and treatment with levetiracetam in children with pervasive developmental disorder (PDD) and epilepsy. METHODS Twelve PDD children with epilepsy were included in the study. All patients had EEG PA (frontal spikes, 8; rolandic, 3; generalized, 1). After a 3-month baseline period, patients were given levetiracetam with an initial dose of 10 mg/kg/day for the first week, followed by increments of 5 mg/kg/day every week. Levetiracetam dosage was then adjusted up to a maximum of 60 mg/kg/day. EEG recordings were performed every 3 months, focusing on PA frequency. We counted the frequency of seizures and EEG PA, and scored instances of panic/aggressive behaviors. RESULTS Eight (66.7%) of the 12 patients were considered to be responders to clinical seizures and EEG findings (≥50% reduction in both seizures and PA frequency). Six (75%) of these eight patients were considered to be responders for behavioral problems (≥50% reduction in panic/aggressive behavior). These six patients had frontal EEG paroxysms, whereas the remaining two patients without behavioral responses had rolandic EEG paroxysms. Patients with frontal PA showed a significantly higher correlation between EEG/clinical seizures and behavioral improvements (p < 0.05). CONCLUSION The present data indicated the usefulness of LEV in reducing behavioral problems related to the reduction of seizures and frontal spikes in PDD for some but not all of the patients. Thus, levetiracetam represents an important addition to treatment for PDD children with epilepsy presenting with frontal EEG paroxysms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hideaki Kanemura
- Department of Paediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Yamanashi, Japan.
| | - Fumikazu Sano
- Department of Paediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Yamanashi, Japan
| | - Tetsuo Ohyama
- Department of Paediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Yamanashi, Japan
| | - Kanji Sugita
- Department of Paediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Yamanashi, Japan
| | - Masao Aihara
- Interdisciplinary Graduate School of Medicine and Engineering, University of Yamanashi, Japan
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Effects of levetiracetam on seizure frequency and neuropsychological impairments in children with refractory epilepsy with secondary bilateral synchrony. Seizure 2013; 22:43-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.seizure.2012.10.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2012] [Revised: 10/10/2012] [Accepted: 10/11/2012] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
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