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Yang J, Chen X, Jin S, Ding J. Structure and biochemical characterization of l-2-hydroxyglutarate dehydrogenase and its role in the pathogenesis of l-2-hydroxyglutaric aciduria. J Biol Chem 2024; 300:105491. [PMID: 37995940 PMCID: PMC10726252 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2023.105491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2023] [Revised: 11/06/2023] [Accepted: 11/09/2023] [Indexed: 11/25/2023] Open
Abstract
l-2-hydroxyglutarate dehydrogenase (L2HGDH) is a mitochondrial membrane-associated metabolic enzyme, which catalyzes the oxidation of l-2-hydroxyglutarate (l-2-HG) to 2-oxoglutarate (2-OG). Mutations in human L2HGDH lead to abnormal accumulation of l-2-HG, which causes a neurometabolic disorder named l-2-hydroxyglutaric aciduria (l-2-HGA). Here, we report the crystal structures of Drosophila melanogaster L2HGDH (dmL2HGDH) in FAD-bound form and in complex with FAD and 2-OG and show that dmL2HGDH exhibits high activity and substrate specificity for l-2-HG. dmL2HGDH consists of an FAD-binding domain and a substrate-binding domain, and the active site is located at the interface of the two domains with 2-OG binding to the re-face of the isoalloxazine moiety of FAD. Mutagenesis and activity assay confirmed the functional roles of key residues involved in the substrate binding and catalytic reaction and showed that most of the mutations of dmL2HGDH equivalent to l-2-HGA-associated mutations of human L2HGDH led to complete loss of the activity. The structural and biochemical data together reveal the molecular basis for the substrate specificity and catalytic mechanism of L2HGDH and provide insights into the functional roles of human L2HGDH mutations in the pathogeneses of l-2-HGA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Xingchen Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Shan Jin
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Jianping Ding
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China; School of Life Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, China.
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Muzammal M, Di Cerbo A, Almusalami EM, Farid A, Khan MA, Ghazanfar S, Al Mohaini M, Alsalman AJ, Alhashem YN, Al Hawaj MA, Alsaleh AA. In Silico Analysis of the L-2-Hydroxyglutarate Dehydrogenase Gene Mutations and Their Biological Impact on Disease Etiology. Genes (Basel) 2022; 13:genes13040698. [PMID: 35456504 PMCID: PMC9028441 DOI: 10.3390/genes13040698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2022] [Revised: 04/08/2022] [Accepted: 04/12/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The L-2-hydroxyglutarate dehydrogenase (L2HGDH) gene encodes an important mitochondrial enzyme. However, its altered activity results in excessive levels of L-2-hydroxyglutarate, which results in diverse psychiatric features of intellectual disability. In the current study, we executed an in-silico analysis of all reported L2HGDH missense and nonsense variants in order to investigate their biological significance. Among the superimposed 3D models, the highest similarity index for a wild-type structure was shown by the mutant Glu336Lys (87.26%), while the lowest similarity index value was shown by Arg70* (10.00%). Three large active site pockets were determined using protein active site prediction, in which the 2nd largest pocket was shown to encompass the substrate L-2-hydroxyglutarate (L2HG) binding residues, i.e., 89Gln, 195Tyr, 402Ala, 403Gly and 404Val. Moreover, interactions of wild-type and mutant L2HGDH variants with the close functional interactor D2HGDH protein resulted in alterations in the position, number and nature of networking residues. We observed that the binding of L2HG with the L2HGDH enzyme is affected by the nature of the amino acid substitution, as well as the number and nature of bonds between the substrate and protein molecule, which are able to affect its biological activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Muzammal
- Gomal Centre of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Gomal University, Dera Ismail Khan 29050, Pakistan; (M.M.); (M.A.K.)
| | - Alessandro Di Cerbo
- School of Biosciences and Veterinary Medicine, University of Camerino, 62024 Matelica, Italy
- Correspondence: (A.D.C.); (A.F.)
| | | | - Arshad Farid
- Gomal Centre of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Gomal University, Dera Ismail Khan 29050, Pakistan; (M.M.); (M.A.K.)
- Correspondence: (A.D.C.); (A.F.)
| | - Muzammil Ahmad Khan
- Gomal Centre of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Gomal University, Dera Ismail Khan 29050, Pakistan; (M.M.); (M.A.K.)
- Department of Human Genetics, Precision Medicine Program, Sidra Medicine, Doha 26999, Qatar
| | - Shakira Ghazanfar
- National Institute for Genomics Advanced Biotechnology, National Agricultural Research Centre, Park Road, Islamabad 45500, Pakistan;
| | - Mohammed Al Mohaini
- Basic Sciences Department, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Alahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia;
- King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Alahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdulkhaliq J. Alsalman
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Northern Border University, Rafha 91911, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Yousef N. Alhashem
- Clinical Laboratory Sciences Department, Mohammed Al-Mana College for Medical Sciences, Dammam 34222, Saudi Arabia; (Y.N.A.); (A.A.A.)
| | - Maitham A. Al Hawaj
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, College of Clinical Pharmacy, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Abdulmonem A. Alsaleh
- Clinical Laboratory Sciences Department, Mohammed Al-Mana College for Medical Sciences, Dammam 34222, Saudi Arabia; (Y.N.A.); (A.A.A.)
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Gunduz A, Aktuglu-Zeybek AC, Tezer D, Enver EO, Zubarioglu T, Kiykim E, E Kiziltan M. Postural tremor in L-2-hydroxyglutaric aciduria is associated with cerebellar atrophy. Neurol Sci 2021; 43:2051-2058. [PMID: 34427791 DOI: 10.1007/s10072-021-05555-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2021] [Accepted: 07/31/2021] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE In this study, we performed analysis of brainstem reflexes and movement disorders using surface polymyogram in L-2-hydroxyglutaric aciduria (L2HGA). We also reviewed all cases in the literature with detailed clinical and radiological description to analyze the anatomical correlates of involuntary movements. PATIENTS AND METHOD We performed surface electromyography of appropriate muscles, long-loop reflexes, and somatosensory evoked potentials and analyzed the neuroimaging findings in patients with L2HGA and recorded blink reflex (BR), auditory startle response (ASR), and startle response after somatosensory stimuli (SSS) in patients and healthy subjects. We also performed a systematic literature search to identify the association of neuroimaging findings and movements disorders in previous patients with L2HGA. RESULTS Thirteen patients were enrolled in the study. Among them, ten had low-amplitude postural tremor with a frequency between 4 and 7 Hz. The tremor was predominant on distal parts of the upper extremities. Postural tremor was accompanied by negative myoclonus in one-third. The BR, ASR, and SSS, all, were hypoactive. There was a close association of postural tremor with cerebellar atrophy in patients who participated in this study and by the analysis of the previously reported patients. CONCLUSIONS Low-amplitude postural tremor is common in L2HGA. It is related with cerebellar atrophy. Although the neuroimaging shows no overt lesions at the brainstem, there is a functional inhibition at this level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aysegul Gunduz
- Department of Neurology, Cerrahpasa Medical Faculty, Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa, Istanbul, Turkey.
| | - Ayse Cigdem Aktuglu-Zeybek
- Department of Pediatrics Division of Nutrition and Metabolism, Cerrahpasa Medical Faculty, Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Damla Tezer
- Department of Neurology, Cerrahpasa Medical Faculty, Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Ece Oge Enver
- Department of Pediatrics Division of Nutrition and Metabolism, Cerrahpasa Medical Faculty, Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Tanyel Zubarioglu
- Department of Pediatrics Division of Nutrition and Metabolism, Cerrahpasa Medical Faculty, Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Ertugrul Kiykim
- Department of Pediatrics Division of Nutrition and Metabolism, Cerrahpasa Medical Faculty, Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Meral E Kiziltan
- Department of Neurology, Cerrahpasa Medical Faculty, Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa, Istanbul, Turkey
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Shiihara T, Watanabe M, Moriyama K, Maruyama Y, Kikuchi A, Arai-Ichinoi N, Uematsu M, Sameshima K. Mucolipidosis IV: A milder form with novel mutations and serial MRI findings. Brain Dev 2016; 38:763-7. [PMID: 26926398 DOI: 10.1016/j.braindev.2016.02.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2015] [Revised: 01/21/2016] [Accepted: 02/13/2016] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mucolipidosis IV (MLIV; OMIM #252650) is an autosomal recessive lysosomal storage disorder, frequently observed in the Ashkenazi Jewish population. MLIV typically results in intellectual disability, corneal opacities, and delayed motor milestones during infancy, with a relatively static course. To date, reports of MLIV in other ethnic groups have been sparse. PATIENT The present study is a case report of a 9-year-old Japanese boy, diagnosed via whole-exome sequencing, with compound heterozygous mutations of MCOLN1 (OMIM(*)605248): c.410T>C (p.Leu137Pro) and c.802_803delAG (p.Ser268Trpfs*17). Although his clinical course was mild (due to a lack of corneal clouding), other relevant features were present. These included strabismus, white matter signal abnormalities, and a hypoplastic corpus callosum at 2years of age. After a molecular diagnosis, a markedly elevated serum gastrin level (which is also common in MLIV) was confirmed. DISCUSSION The present results suggest that MLIV could be added as a differential diagnosis for white matter disorders, regardless of ethnicity. Beyond neurological or ophthalmologic findings, serum gastrin could be a useful diagnostic marker for MLIV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takashi Shiihara
- Department of Neurology, Gunma Children's Medical Center, Gunma 377-8577, Japan.
| | - Mio Watanabe
- Department of Neurology, Gunma Children's Medical Center, Gunma 377-8577, Japan
| | - Kengo Moriyama
- Department of Neurology, Gunma Children's Medical Center, Gunma 377-8577, Japan
| | - Yasuhiro Maruyama
- Department of Ophthalmology, Kiryu Kosei General Hospital, Gunma 376-0034, Japan
| | - Atsuo Kikuchi
- Department of Pediatrics, Tohoku University School of Medicine, Sendai 980-8574, Japan
| | - Natsuko Arai-Ichinoi
- Department of Pediatrics, Tohoku University School of Medicine, Sendai 980-8574, Japan
| | - Mitsugu Uematsu
- Department of Pediatrics, Tohoku University School of Medicine, Sendai 980-8574, Japan
| | - Kiyoko Sameshima
- Division of Medical Genetics, Gunma Children's Medical Center, Gunma 377-8577, Japan
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