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Skurska E, Olczak M. Interplay between de novo and salvage pathways of GDP-fucose synthesis. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0309450. [PMID: 39446915 PMCID: PMC11501016 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0309450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2024] [Accepted: 08/12/2024] [Indexed: 10/26/2024] Open
Abstract
GDP-fucose is synthesised via two pathways: de novo and salvage. The first uses GDP-mannose as a substrate, and the second uses free fucose. To date, these pathways have been considered to work separately and not to have an influence on each other. We report the mutual response of the de novo and salvage pathways to the lack of enzymes from a particular route of GDP-fucose synthesis. We detected different efficiencies of GDP-fucose and fucosylated structure synthesis after a single inactivation of enzymes of the de novo pathway. Our study demonstrated the unequal influence of the salvage enzymes on the production of GDP-fucose by enzymes of the de novo biosynthesis pathway. Simultaneously, we detected an elevated level of one of the enzymes of the de novo pathway in the cell line lacking the enzyme of the salvage biosynthesis pathway. Additionally, we identified dissimilarities in fucose uptake between cells lacking TSTA3 and GMDS proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edyta Skurska
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biotechnology, University of Wroclaw, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Mariusz Olczak
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biotechnology, University of Wroclaw, Wroclaw, Poland
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Starosta RT, Lee AJ, Toolan ER, He M, Wongkittichote P, Daniel EJP, Radenkovic S, Budhraja R, Pandey A, Sharma J, Morava E, Nguyen H, Dickson PI. D-mannose as a new therapy for fucokinase deficiency-related congenital disorder of glycosylation (FCSK-CDG). Mol Genet Metab 2024; 142:108488. [PMID: 38735264 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymgme.2024.108488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2024] [Revised: 04/22/2024] [Accepted: 05/02/2024] [Indexed: 05/14/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Fucokinase deficiency-related congenital disorder of glycosylation (FCSK-CDG) is a rare autosomal recessive inborn error of metabolism characterized by a decreased flux through the salvage pathway of GDP-fucose biosynthesis due to a block in the recycling of L-fucose that exits the lysosome. FCSK-CDG has been described in 5 individuals to date in the medical literature, with a phenotype comprising global developmental delays/intellectual disability, hypotonia, abnormal myelination, posterior ocular disease, growth and feeding failure, immune deficiency, and chronic diarrhea, without clear therapeutic recommendations. PATIENT AND METHODS In a so far unreported FCSK-CDG patient, we studied proteomics and glycoproteomics in vitro in patient-derived fibroblasts and also performed in vivo glycomics, before and after treatment with either D-Mannose or L-Fucose. RESULTS We observed a marked increase in fucosylation after D-mannose supplementation in fibroblasts compared to treatment with L-Fucose. The patient was then treated with D-mannose at 850 mg/kg/d, with resolution of the chronic diarrhea, resolution of oral aversion, improved weight gain, and observed developmental gains. Serum N-glycan profiles showed an improvement in the abundance of fucosylated glycans after treatment. No treatment-attributed adverse effects were observed. CONCLUSION D-mannose is a promising new treatment for FCSK-CDG.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rodrigo Tzovenos Starosta
- Division of Medical Genetics and Genomics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA; Division of Clinical Genetics and Metabolism, University of Colorado Anschutz, Aurora, CO, USA; Graduate Program in Science: Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.
| | - Angela J Lee
- Division of Medical Genetics and Genomics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Elizabeth R Toolan
- Division of Medical Genetics and Genomics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Miao He
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Parith Wongkittichote
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA; Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Earnest James Paul Daniel
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | | | - Rohit Budhraja
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Akhilesh Pandey
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Jaiprakash Sharma
- Department of Pediatrics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Eva Morava
- Department of Clinical Genomics, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Hoanh Nguyen
- Division of Medical Genetics and Genomics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Patricia I Dickson
- Division of Medical Genetics and Genomics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
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Fazelzadeh Haghighi M, Jafari Khamirani H, Fallahi J, Monfared AA, Ashrafi Dehkordi K, Tabei SMB. Novel insight into FCSK-congenital disorder of glycosylation through a CRISPR-generated cell model. Mol Genet Genomic Med 2024; 12:e2445. [PMID: 38722107 PMCID: PMC11080630 DOI: 10.1002/mgg3.2445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2023] [Revised: 04/08/2024] [Accepted: 04/23/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND FCSK-congenital disorder of glycosylation (FCSK-CDG) is a recently discovered rare autosomal recessive genetic disorder with defective fucosylation due to mutations in the fucokinase encoding gene, FCSK. Despite the essential role of fucokinase in the fucose salvage pathway and severe multisystem manifestations of FCSK-CDG patients, it is not elucidated which cells or which types of fucosylation are affected by its deficiency. METHODS In this study, CRISPR/Cas9 was employed to construct an FCSK-CDG cell model and explore the molecular mechanisms of the disease by lectin flow cytometry and real-time PCR analyses. RESULTS Comparison of cellular fucosylation by lectin flow cytometry in the created CRISPR/Cas9 FCSK knockout and the same unedited cell lines showed no significant change in the amount of cell surface fucosylated glycans, which is consistent with the only documented previous study on different cell types. It suggests a probable effect of this disease on secretory glycoproteins. Investigating O-fucosylation by analysis of the NOTCH3 gene expression as a potential target revealed a significant decrease in the FCSK knockout cells compared with the same unedited ones, proving the effect of fucokinase deficiency on EGF-like repeats O-fucosylation. CONCLUSION This study expands insight into the FCSK-CDG molecular mechanism; to the best of our knowledge, it is the first research conducted to reveal a gene whose expression level alters due to this disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Fazelzadeh Haghighi
- Department of Molecular Medicine, School of Advanced TechnologiesShahrekord University of Medical SciencesShahrekordIran
| | | | - Jafar Fallahi
- Molecular Medicine Department, School of Advanced Medical Sciences and TechnologiesShiraz University of Medical SciencesShirazIran
| | - Ali Arabi Monfared
- Central Research LaboratoryShiraz University of Medical SciencesShirazIran
| | - Korosh Ashrafi Dehkordi
- Department of Molecular Medicine, School of Advanced TechnologiesShahrekord University of Medical SciencesShahrekordIran
| | - Seyed Mohammad Bagher Tabei
- Department of Medical GeneticsShiraz University of Medical SciencesShirazIran
- Maternal‐Fetal Medicine Research CenterShiraz University of Medical SciencesShirazIran
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Al Tuwaijri A, Alyafee Y, Umair M, Alsubait A, Alharbi M, AlEidi H, Ballow M, Aldrees M, Alam Q, Al Abdulrahman A, Alrifai MT, Alfadhel M. Congenital disorder of glycosylation with defective fucosylation 2 (
FCSK
gene defect): The third report in the literature with a mild phenotype. Mol Genet Genomic Med 2022; 11:e2117. [PMID: 36426412 PMCID: PMC10094070 DOI: 10.1002/mgg3.2117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2022] [Revised: 10/29/2022] [Accepted: 11/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Congenital disorders of glycosylation (CDG) are a group of heterogeneous disorders caused by abnormal lipid or protein glycosylation. Variants in the FCSK gene have been reported to cause CDG. Defective FCSK-induced CDG (FCSK-CDG) has only been reported previously in three unrelated children. METHODS In this study, we genetically and clinically examined a 3-year-old proband with resolved infantile spasms and normal development. Standard whole-exome sequencing (WES) and Sanger sequencing were performed to identify the functional impact of the variant. RESULTS WES revealed a rare biallelic missense variant (c.3013G>C; p.Val1005Leu) in FCSK. RT-qPCR showed a significant depletion in FCSK gene expression in the affected individual. Western blotting revealed reduced FCSK expression at the protein level compared to that in the control. Furthermore, 3D protein modeling suggested changes in the secondary structure, which might affect the overall FCSK protein function. CONCLUSION This study broadens the mutation and phenotypic spectrum of FCSK-associated developmental disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abeer Al Tuwaijri
- Medical Genomics Research Department King Abdullah International Medical Research Center (KAIMRC) Riyadh Saudi Arabia
- King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, King Abdulaziz Medical City, Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs (MNG‐HA) Riyadh Saudi Arabia
- Clinical Laboratory Sciences Department College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences (KSAU‐HS) Riyadh Saudi Arabia
| | - Yusra Alyafee
- Medical Genomics Research Department King Abdullah International Medical Research Center (KAIMRC) Riyadh Saudi Arabia
| | - Muhammad Umair
- Medical Genomics Research Department King Abdullah International Medical Research Center (KAIMRC) Riyadh Saudi Arabia
- King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, King Abdulaziz Medical City, Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs (MNG‐HA) Riyadh Saudi Arabia
| | - Arwa Alsubait
- King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, King Abdulaziz Medical City, Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs (MNG‐HA) Riyadh Saudi Arabia
- Medical Research Core Facilities and Platforms King Abdullah International Medical Research Center (KAIMRC) Riyadh Saudi Arabia
| | - Mashael Alharbi
- Medical Genomics Research Department King Abdullah International Medical Research Center (KAIMRC) Riyadh Saudi Arabia
- King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, King Abdulaziz Medical City, Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs (MNG‐HA) Riyadh Saudi Arabia
| | - Hamad AlEidi
- Medical Genomics Research Department King Abdullah International Medical Research Center (KAIMRC) Riyadh Saudi Arabia
- King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, King Abdulaziz Medical City, Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs (MNG‐HA) Riyadh Saudi Arabia
| | - Mariam Ballow
- Medical Genomics Research Department King Abdullah International Medical Research Center (KAIMRC) Riyadh Saudi Arabia
- King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, King Abdulaziz Medical City, Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs (MNG‐HA) Riyadh Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed Aldrees
- Medical Genomics Research Department King Abdullah International Medical Research Center (KAIMRC) Riyadh Saudi Arabia
- King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, King Abdulaziz Medical City, Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs (MNG‐HA) Riyadh Saudi Arabia
| | - Qamre Alam
- Medical Genomics Research Department King Abdullah International Medical Research Center (KAIMRC) Riyadh Saudi Arabia
- King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, King Abdulaziz Medical City, Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs (MNG‐HA) Riyadh Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdulkareem Al Abdulrahman
- Medical Genomics Research Department King Abdullah International Medical Research Center (KAIMRC) Riyadh Saudi Arabia
- King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, King Abdulaziz Medical City, Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs (MNG‐HA) Riyadh Saudi Arabia
| | - Muhammad Talal Alrifai
- Neurology Division, Department of Pediatrics King Abdulaziz Medical City, Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs (NGHA) Riyadh Saudi Arabia
| | - Majid Alfadhel
- Medical Genomics Research Department King Abdullah International Medical Research Center (KAIMRC) Riyadh Saudi Arabia
- King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, King Abdulaziz Medical City, Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs (MNG‐HA) Riyadh Saudi Arabia
- Genetics and Precision Medicine Department (GPM) King Abdullah Specialized Children's Hospital Riyadh Saudi Arabia
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