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Yoon MS, Koh CS, Lee J, Shin J, Kong C, Jung HH, Chang JW. Injecting NMDA and Ro 25-6981 in insular cortex induce neuroplastic changes and neuropathic pain-like behaviour. Eur J Pain 2018; 22:1691-1700. [PMID: 29862605 DOI: 10.1002/ejp.1254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/28/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Neuropathic pain is associated with abnormal sensitivity of the central nervous system. Although the mechanism underlying the development of sensitization remains to be fully elucidated, recent studies have reported that neuroplastic changes in the pain circuitry may be involved in hypersensitivity associated with neuropathic pain. However, it is difficult to investigate such phenomena in existing animal pain model. Therefore, in this study, we developed a novel animal model - the circuit plasticity reconstruction (CPR) model - to mimic central sensitization associated with neuroplastic changes. METHOD NMDA and Ro 25-6981 were injected into the right insular cortex of Sprague-Dawley rats, while electrical stimulation was delivered to the contralateral hind paw. Mechanical allodynia was tested by von Frey test with up-down method, and neuroplastic changes were confirmed by PSA-NCAM-positive immunostaining. RESULT The mechanical withdrawal threshold of the left hind paw decreased beginning 1 day after CPR modelling and persisted until day 21 comparing to the modified CPR 1 (mod-CPR 1) group (CPR: 91.68 ± 1.8%, mod-CPR 1: 42.71 ± 3.4%, p < 0.001). In contrast, mod-CPR 2 surgery without electrical stimulation did not induce mechanical allodynia. Immunostaining for PSA-NCAM also revealed that neuroplastic changes had occurred in the CPR group. CONCLUSION Our results demonstrated that CPR modelling induced neuroplasticity within the insular cortex, leading to alterations in the neural circuitry and central sensitization. SIGNIFICANCE This article represents that the CPR model can mimic the neuropathic pain derived by neuroplastic changes. Our findings indicate that the CPR model may aid the development of novel therapeutic strategies for neuropathic pain and in elucidating the mechanisms underlying pain induced by central sensitization and neuroplastic changes.
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Affiliation(s)
- M S Yoon
- Department of Neurosurgery, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea.,Brain Korea 21 PLUS Project for Medical Science and Brain Research Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - C S Koh
- Department of Neurosurgery, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - J Lee
- Department of Neurosurgery, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea.,Brain Korea 21 PLUS Project for Medical Science and Brain Research Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - J Shin
- Department of Neurosurgery, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea.,Brain Korea 21 PLUS Project for Medical Science and Brain Research Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - C Kong
- Department of Neurosurgery, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - H H Jung
- Department of Neurosurgery, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea.,Brain Korea 21 PLUS Project for Medical Science and Brain Research Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - J W Chang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea.,Brain Korea 21 PLUS Project for Medical Science and Brain Research Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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Hu X, Yang J, Sun Y, Gao X, Zhang L, Li Y, Yu M, Liu S, Lu X, Jin C, Wu S, Cai Y. Lanthanum chloride impairs memory in rats by disturbing the glutamate-glutamine cycle and over-activating NMDA receptors. Food Chem Toxicol 2018; 113:1-13. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2018.01.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2017] [Revised: 01/12/2018] [Accepted: 01/14/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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Kula J, Gugula A, Blasiak A, Bobula B, Danielewicz J, Kania A, Tylko G, Hess G. Diverse action of repeated corticosterone treatment on synaptic transmission, neuronal plasticity, and morphology in superficial and deep layers of the rat motor cortex. Pflugers Arch 2017; 469:1519-1532. [PMID: 28748319 PMCID: PMC5629232 DOI: 10.1007/s00424-017-2036-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2017] [Revised: 07/12/2017] [Accepted: 07/13/2017] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
One of the adverse effects of prolonged stress in rats is impaired performance of skilled reaching and walking tasks. The mechanisms that lead to these abnormalities are incompletely understood. Therefore, we compared the effects of twice daily repeated corticosterone injections for 7 days on miniature excitatory postsynaptic currents (mEPSCs), as well as on synaptic plasticity and morphology of layers II/III and V pyramidal neurons of the primary motor cortex (M1) of male Wistar rats. Corticosterone treatment resulted in increased frequency, but not amplitude, of mEPSCs in layer II/III neurons accompanied by increased complexity of the apical part of their dendritic tree, with no changes in the density of dendritic spines. The frequency and amplitude of mEPSCs as well as the parameters characterizing the complexity of the dendritic tree were not changed in layer V cells; however, their dendritic spine density was increased. While corticosterone treatment resulted in an increase in the amplitude of field potentials evoked in intralaminar connections within layer II/III, it did not influence field responses in layer V intralaminar connections, as well as the extent of chemically induced layer V long-term potentiation (chemLTP) by the application of tetraethylammonium (TEA, 25 mM). However, chemLTP induction in layer II/III was impaired in slices prepared from corticosterone-treated animals. These data indicate that repeated 7-day administration of exogenous corticosterone induces structural and functional plasticity in the M1, which occurs mainly in layer II/III pyramidal neurons. These findings shed light on potential sites of action and mechanisms underlying stress-induced impairment of motor functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joanna Kula
- Institute of Zoology and Biomedical Research, Jagiellonian University, 30-387 Krakow, Gronostajowa 9, Poland
| | - Anna Gugula
- Institute of Zoology and Biomedical Research, Jagiellonian University, 30-387 Krakow, Gronostajowa 9, Poland
| | - Anna Blasiak
- Institute of Zoology and Biomedical Research, Jagiellonian University, 30-387 Krakow, Gronostajowa 9, Poland
| | - Bartosz Bobula
- Institute of Zoology and Biomedical Research, Jagiellonian University, 30-387 Krakow, Gronostajowa 9, Poland.,Institute of Pharmacology, Polish Academy of Sciences, 31-343 Krakow, Smetna 12, Poland
| | - Joanna Danielewicz
- Institute of Zoology and Biomedical Research, Jagiellonian University, 30-387 Krakow, Gronostajowa 9, Poland
| | - Alan Kania
- Institute of Zoology and Biomedical Research, Jagiellonian University, 30-387 Krakow, Gronostajowa 9, Poland
| | - Grzegorz Tylko
- Institute of Zoology and Biomedical Research, Jagiellonian University, 30-387 Krakow, Gronostajowa 9, Poland
| | - Grzegorz Hess
- Institute of Zoology and Biomedical Research, Jagiellonian University, 30-387 Krakow, Gronostajowa 9, Poland. .,Institute of Pharmacology, Polish Academy of Sciences, 31-343 Krakow, Smetna 12, Poland.
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de Xivry JJO, Shadmehr R. Electrifying the motor engram: effects of tDCS on motor learning and control. Exp Brain Res 2014; 232:3379-95. [PMID: 25200178 PMCID: PMC4199902 DOI: 10.1007/s00221-014-4087-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2014] [Accepted: 08/26/2014] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Learning to control our movements is accompanied by neuroplasticity of motor areas of the brain. The mechanisms of neuroplasticity are diverse and produce what is referred to as the motor engram, i.e., the neural trace of the motor memory. Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) alters the neural and behavioral correlates of motor learning, but its precise influence on the motor engram is unknown. In this review, we summarize the effects of tDCS on neural activity and suggest a few key principles: (1) Firing rates are increased by anodal polarization and decreased by cathodal polarization, (2) anodal polarization strengthens newly formed associations, and (3) polarization modulates the memory of new/preferred firing patterns. With these principles in mind, we review the effects of tDCS on motor control, motor learning, and clinical applications. The increased spontaneous and evoked firing rates may account for the modulation of dexterity in non-learning tasks by tDCS. The facilitation of new association may account for the effect of tDCS on learning in sequence tasks while the ability of tDCS to strengthen memories of new firing patterns may underlie the effect of tDCS on consolidation of skills. We then describe the mechanisms of neuroplasticity of motor cortical areas and how they might be influenced by tDCS. We end with current challenges for the fields of brain stimulation and motor learning.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jean-Jacques Orban de Xivry
- Institute of Information and Communication Technologies, Electronics and Applied Mathematics (ICTEAM) and Institute of Neuroscience (IoNS), Université catholique de Louvain, Louvain-La-Neuve, Belgium
| | - Reza Shadmehr
- Laboratory for Computational Motor Control, Department of Biomedical Engineering Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
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Zhang L, Jin C, Liu Q, Lu X, Wu S, Yang J, Du Y, Zheng L, Cai Y. Effects of subchronic aluminum exposure on spatial memory, ultrastructure and L-LTP of hippocampus in rats. J Toxicol Sci 2013; 38:255-68. [DOI: 10.2131/jts.38.255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Lifeng Zhang
- Heping District Center for Disease Control and Prevention,China
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, China Medical University, China
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, China Medical University, China
| | - Cuihong Jin
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, China Medical University, China
| | - Qiufang Liu
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, China Medical University, China
| | - Xiaobo Lu
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, China Medical University, China
| | - Shengwen Wu
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, China Medical University, China
| | - Jinghua Yang
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, China Medical University, China
| | - Yanqiu Du
- 9th People’s Hospital of Shenyang, China
| | - Linlin Zheng
- Medical college, Eastern Liaoning University, China
| | - Yuan Cai
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, China Medical University, China
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, China Medical University, China
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Zieba B, Grzegorzewska M, Brański P, Domin H, Wierońska JM, Hess G, Smiałowska M. The behavioural and electrophysiological effects of CRF in rat frontal cortex. Neuropeptides 2008; 42:513-23. [PMID: 18617263 DOI: 10.1016/j.npep.2008.05.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2008] [Revised: 05/14/2008] [Accepted: 05/20/2008] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Corticotropin releasing factor (CRF) is a neuropeptide widely distributed in the brain. The role of CRF in the behavioural activity and modulation of anxiety states in several brain structures has been well documented, but its function in the cerebral cortex still remains unknown. The aim of our study was to investigate the effect of CRF injected bilaterally into rat frontal cortex on the locomotor and exploratory activity and anxiety of rats. We also examined the effect of CRF on extracellularly recorded field potentials in rat frontal cortical slices in vitro. Behavioural experiments showed that CRF in doses of 0.05, 0.1, 0.2 microg/1 microl/site decreased locomotor and exploratory activity during a 40-min session in the open field test. In the elevated plus-maze test, CRF in a dose of 0.2 microg/1 microl/site produced a significant anxiolytic-like effect, which was prevented by CRF receptor antagonists (alpha-helicalCRF(9-41) and NBI 27914). Electrophysiological experiments showed that CRF-induced a transient depression of field potentials in slices partly disinhibited by GABA(A) and GABA(B) receptors antagonists. The blockade of NMDA receptors prevented the occurrence of that effect. The obtained results suggest that CRF may have anxiolytic-like effects in the frontal cortex. Moreover, the peptide inhibits locomotor and exploratory activity and depresses excitatory synaptic transmission in a NMDA receptor-dependent manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barbara Zieba
- Department of Neurobiology, Institute of Pharmacology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Smetna Street 12, 31-343 Cracow, Poland.
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Ji Z, Boyd TE, Froc DJ, Racine RJ. Laminar differences in field potential morphology and long-term potentiation in motor cortex coronal slices from both unstimulated and previously potentiated rats. Eur J Neurosci 2005; 22:1455-62. [PMID: 16190899 DOI: 10.1111/j.1460-9568.2005.04329.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
We have reported that long-term potentiation (LTP) can be reliably induced in motor cortex of adult, freely moving rats by the application of spaced and repeated high frequency stimulating trains to the white matter. In the present study, we monitored field potentials (FPs) and LTP in both layer II/III and V in coronal slices of motor cortex taken from implanted control and previously potentiated Long-Evans rats. The baseline FP amplitudes were decreased in layer II/III, and the amplitude of small spikes was significantly increased in layer V in slices from previously potentiated rats compared to unpotentiated control rats. In response to high frequency stimulation applied to the slice itself, both implanted control and previously potentiated rats showed similar levels of LTP in layer II/III. LTP could not be induced in layer V. These results show that layer II/III and V respond differently to high frequency stimulation in vitro. In addition, layer II/III responds very differently in slice compared to chronic preparations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhanxin Ji
- Department of Psychology, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON L8S 4K1, Canada
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