1
|
Wu T, Yu GY, Xiao J, Yan C, Kurihara H, Li YF, So KF, He RR. Fostering efficacy and toxicity evaluation of traditional Chinese medicine and natural products: Chick embryo as a high throughput model bridging in vitro and in vivo studies. Pharmacol Res 2018; 133:21-34. [DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2018.04.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2017] [Revised: 04/07/2018] [Accepted: 04/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
|
2
|
Uyanıkgil Y, Turgut M, Baka M. Effects of Melatonin on the Cerebellum of Infant Rat Following Kaolin-Induced Hydrocephalus: a Histochemical and Immunohistochemical Study. THE CEREBELLUM 2017; 16:142-150. [PMID: 27113349 DOI: 10.1007/s12311-016-0778-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Hydrocephalus is a developmental disorder causing abnormally collected cerebrospinal fluid within the cerebral ventricles. It leads to bigger skulls and many dysfunctions related to the nervous system. Here, we addressed whether exogenous melatonin administration could reverse the clinical features of kaolin-induced hydrocephalus in infantile rats. A controlled double-blinded study was conducted in 2-week-old 45 Wistar albino rats, which were divided into three groups: Group A, the control group, received intracisternal sham injection with solely the needle insertion; group B, the hydrocephalus group, was treated with isotonic NaCl after kaolin injection; and group C, the hydrocephalus + melatonin group, was given i.p. exogenous melatonin at a dose of 0.5 mg/100 g body weight after kaolin injection. Histological and immunohistochemical analyses were performed after the induction of hydrocephalus and melatonin administration. Glial fibrillary acidic protein was stained by immunohistochemical method. TUNEL method was used to define and quantitate apoptosis in the cerebellar tissues. Statistical analysis was performed by nonparametric Kruskal-Wallis H test, and once significance was determined among means, post hoc pairwise comparisons were carried out using Mann-Whitney U test. We found that melatonin administration significantly ameliorated ratio of substantia grisea area/substantia alba area in the cerebellum of infantile rats. Histologically, there was a significant reduction in the number of cerebellar apoptotic cells after the hydrocephalus induced by kaolin (P < 0.05). Our results clearly revealed that the histopathological changes in the cerebellum were reversed by systemic melatonin administration in infantile rats with kaolin-induced hydrocephalus. Nevertheless, further studies are needed to suggest melatonin as a candidate protective drug in children with hydrocephalus.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yiğit Uyanıkgil
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Ege University School of Medicine, Izmir, Turkey.,Cord Blood, Cell-Tissue Research and Application Center, Ege University, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Mehmet Turgut
- Department of Neurosurgery, Adnan Menderes University School of Medicine, Aydın, Turkey. .,, Cumhuriyet Mahallesi, Adnan Menderes Bulvarı, Haltur Apartmanı, No: 6 Daire: 7, TR-09020, Aydın, Turkey.
| | - Meral Baka
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Ege University School of Medicine, Izmir, Turkey.,Cord Blood, Cell-Tissue Research and Application Center, Ege University, Izmir, Turkey
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Corrales A, Parisotto EB, Vidal V, García-Cerro S, Lantigua S, Diego M, Wilhem Filho D, Sanchez-Barceló EJ, Martínez-Cué C, Rueda N. Pre- and post-natal melatonin administration partially regulates brain oxidative stress but does not improve cognitive or histological alterations in the Ts65Dn mouse model of Down syndrome. Behav Brain Res 2017; 334:142-154. [PMID: 28743603 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2017.07.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2017] [Revised: 07/14/2017] [Accepted: 07/18/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Melatonin administered during adulthood induces beneficial effects on cognition and neuroprotection in the Ts65Dn (TS) mouse model of Down syndrome. Here, we investigated the effects of pre- and post-natal melatonin treatment on behavioral and cognitive abnormalities and on several neuromorphological alterations (hypocellularity, neurogenesis impairment and increased oxidative stress) that appear during the early developmental stages in TS mice. Pregnant TS females were orally treated with melatonin or vehicle from the time of conception until the weaning of the offspring, and the pups continued to receive the treatment from weaning until the age of 5 months. Melatonin administered during the pre- and post-natal periods did not improve the cognitive impairment of TS mice as measured by the Morris Water maze or fear conditioning tests. Histological alterations, such as decreased proliferation (Ki67+ cells) and hippocampal hypocellularity (DAPI+ cells), which are typical in TS mice, were not prevented by melatonin. However, melatonin partially regulated brain oxidative stress by modulating the activity of the primary antioxidant enzymes (superoxide dismutase in the cortex and catalase in the cortex and hippocampus) and slightly decreasing the levels of lipid peroxidation in the hippocampus of TS mice. These results show the inability of melatonin to prevent cognitive impairment in TS mice when it is administered at pre- and post-natal stages. Additionally, our findings suggest that to induce pro-cognitive effects in TS mice during the early stages of development, in addition to attenuating oxidative stress, therapies should aim to improve other altered processes, such as hippocampal neurogenesis and/or hypocellularity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Corrales
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, School of Medicine, University of Cantabria, Santander, Spain
| | - Eduardo B Parisotto
- Department of Ecology and Zoology, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Brazil
| | - Verónica Vidal
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, School of Medicine, University of Cantabria, Santander, Spain
| | - Susana García-Cerro
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, School of Medicine, University of Cantabria, Santander, Spain
| | - Sara Lantigua
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, School of Medicine, University of Cantabria, Santander, Spain
| | - Marian Diego
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, School of Medicine, University of Cantabria, Santander, Spain
| | - Danilo Wilhem Filho
- Department of Ecology and Zoology, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Brazil
| | - Emilio J Sanchez-Barceló
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, School of Medicine, University of Cantabria, Santander, Spain
| | - Carmen Martínez-Cué
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, School of Medicine, University of Cantabria, Santander, Spain
| | - Noemí Rueda
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, School of Medicine, University of Cantabria, Santander, Spain.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Uyanikgil Y, Cavusoglu T, Kılıc KD, Yigitturk G, Celik S, Tubbs RS, Turgut M. Useful Effects of Melatonin in Peripheral Nerve Injury and Development of the Nervous System. J Brachial Plex Peripher Nerve Inj 2017; 12:e1-e6. [PMID: 28603548 PMCID: PMC5465311 DOI: 10.1055/s-0036-1597838] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2016] [Accepted: 11/28/2016] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
This review summarizes the role of melatonin (MLT) in defense against toxic-free radicals and its novel effects in the development of the nervous system, and the effect of endogenously produced and exogenously administered MLT in reducing the degree of tissue and nerve injuries. MLT was recently reported to be an effective free radical scavenger and antioxidant. Since endogenous MLT levels fall significantly in senility, these findings imply that the loss of this antioxidant could contribute to the incidence or severity of some age-related neurodegenerative diseases. Considering the high efficacy of MLT in overcoming much of the injury not only to the peripheral nerve but also to other organs, clinical trials for this purpose should be seriously considered.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yigit Uyanikgil
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Ege University, İzmir, Turkey.,Cord Blood, Cell-Tissue Research and Application Center, Ege University, İzmir, Turkey
| | - Turker Cavusoglu
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Ege University, İzmir, Turkey.,Cord Blood, Cell-Tissue Research and Application Center, Ege University, İzmir, Turkey
| | - Kubilay Dogan Kılıc
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Ege University, İzmir, Turkey
| | - Gurkan Yigitturk
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Ege University, İzmir, Turkey
| | - Servet Celik
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Ege University, İzmir, Turkey
| | | | - Mehmet Turgut
- Department of Neurosurgery, Adnan Menderes University School of Medicine, Aydın, Turkey
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
González-González MA, Ostos-Valverde A, Becerra-Hernández A, Sánchez-Castillo H, Martínez-Torres A. The effect of carmustine on Bergmann cells of the cerebellum. Neurosci Lett 2015; 595:18-24. [PMID: 25841791 DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2015.03.068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2015] [Revised: 03/21/2015] [Accepted: 03/31/2015] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Administration of the alkylating agent carmustine to pregnant mice induces hyperlocomotion in the offspring. Motor performance was evaluated by the rotarod task, which revealed that these animals have diminished Grab Frequency and a higher Performance Index, whereas Error of Latency and Latency to Fall were unaffected. Considering the recently revealed role of Bergmann cells of cerebellum in the control of motor activity, we used the transgenic mice GFAP-GFP to explore the impact of carmustine on the organization of these glial cells. Multiple examples of cell layer disorganization were detected; many soma of Bergmann cells were displaced to the external cell layer, and their processes were not well defined until young adulthood. In addition, the roof of the fourth ventricle was convoluted. These observations suggest that the exacerbated locomotion induced by carmustine may be due, in part, to the altered organization of the cell layers of cerebellum.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- María Alejandra González-González
- Departamento de Neurobiología Celular y Molecular, Laboratorio de Neurobiología Molecular y Celular, Instituto de Neurobiología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Juriquilla, 76230 Querétaro, Qro, Mexico
| | - Aline Ostos-Valverde
- Laboratory of Neuropsychopharmacology and Timing, School of Psychology, UNAM, Building B, B001, Mexico City 04510, Mexico
| | - Armando Becerra-Hernández
- Departamento de Neurobiología Celular y Molecular, Laboratorio de Neurobiología Molecular y Celular, Instituto de Neurobiología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Juriquilla, 76230 Querétaro, Qro, Mexico
| | - Hugo Sánchez-Castillo
- Laboratory of Neuropsychopharmacology and Timing, School of Psychology, UNAM, Building B, B001, Mexico City 04510, Mexico
| | - Ataúlfo Martínez-Torres
- Departamento de Neurobiología Celular y Molecular, Laboratorio de Neurobiología Molecular y Celular, Instituto de Neurobiología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Juriquilla, 76230 Querétaro, Qro, Mexico.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Baka M, Uyanikgil Y, Ateş U, Kültürsay N. Investigation of maternal melatonin effect on the hippocampal formation of newborn rat model of intrauterine cortical dysplasia. Childs Nerv Syst 2010; 26:1575-81. [PMID: 20461523 DOI: 10.1007/s00381-010-1147-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2009] [Accepted: 03/31/2010] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Cortical dysplasia is a cortical malformation resulting from any developmental defects during different periods of development. This study aims to investigate the hippocampal histopathological alterations in the neonates with cortical dysplasia due to the prenatal exposure to carmustine (1,3-bis (2-chloroethyl)-1-nitrosourea; BCNU) and the possible effects of prophylaxis with melatonin, a neuroprotective agent. METHODS Wistar albino female rats were randomly divided into four experimental groups; control, melatonin-treated, BCNU-exposed and BCNU-exposed+melatonin-treated. Light microscopy and immunohistochemistry were carried out on the newborn hippocampus. RESULTS Histopathology of hippocampus from the control and melatonin-treated groups showed continuity of migration and maturation as pathognomonic signs of the normal newborn hippocampus. Hippocampal cortex from the newborns exposed in utero to BCNU showed the histology of early embryonic hippocampal formation with immunohistochemical increase in the number of nestin positive cells and decreases in the immunoreactivity of glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) and synaptophysin. These findings indicate a significant delay in hippocampal maturation, migration, and synaptogenesis. Intrauterine treatment of BCNU-exposed rats with melatonin resulted in histopathological features almost similar to control group. CONCLUSION It has been concluded that cortical dysplasia induced by intrauterine BCNU administration results in delayed hippocampal maturation, which is successfully restored by intrauterine melatonin treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Meral Baka
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Ege University School of Medicine, Bornova, Izmir, Turkey
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
7
|
Bondy SC, Li H, Zhou J, Wu M, Bailey JA, Lahiri DK. Melatonin alters age-related changes in transcription factors and kinase activation. Neurochem Res 2010; 35:2035-42. [PMID: 20535557 PMCID: PMC3002167 DOI: 10.1007/s11064-010-0206-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/24/2010] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Male mice were fed 40 ppm melatonin for 2 months prior to sacrifice at age 26 months, and compared with both 26 and 4 month-old untreated controls. The nuclear translocation of NF-κB increased with age in both brain and spleen and this was reversed by melatonin only in brain. Another transcription factor, AP-1 was increased with age in the spleen and not in brain and this could be blocked by melatonin treatment. The fraction of the active relative to the inactive form of several enabling kinases was compared. The proportion of activated ERK was elevated with age in brain and spleen but this change was unresponsive to melatonin. A similar age-related increase in glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) was also refractory to melatonin treatment. The cerebral melatonin M1 receptor decreased with age in brain but increased in spleen. The potentially beneficial nature of melatonin for the preservation of brain function with aging was suggested by the finding that an age-related decline in cortical synaptophysin levels was prevented by dietary melatonin.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Stephen C Bondy
- Division of Occupational and Environmental Health, Department of Medicine, University of California, Irvine, CA 92697-1825, USA.
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|