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Buhler AVK, Tachibana S, Zhang Y, Quock RM. nNOS immunoreactivity co-localizes with GABAergic and cholinergic neurons, and associates with β-endorphinergic and met-enkephalinergic opioidergic fibers in rostral ventromedial medulla and A5 of the mouse. Brain Res 2018; 1698:170-178. [PMID: 30081038 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2018.08.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2018] [Revised: 05/24/2018] [Accepted: 08/02/2018] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
The present study examined the co-expression of neuronal nitric oxide synthase (nNOS) in the rostral ventromedial medulla (RVM) and A5 regions of the mouse brainstem within several neurochemical populations involved in nociceptive modulation. Double immunohistochemical methods showed that nNOS+ neurons do not co-localize with serotonergic neurons within any of these regions. Within the RVM, the nuclei raphe magnus and gigantocellularis contain a population of nNOS+/GAD67+ neurons, and within the paragigantocellularis lateralis, there is a smaller population of nNOS+/CHAT+ neurons. Further, nNOS+ neurons overlap the region of expression of β-endorphinergic and met-enkephalinergic fibers within the RVM. No co-labeling was found within the A5 for any of these populations. These findings suggest that pain-modulatory serotonergic neurons within the brainstem do not directly produce nitric oxide (NO). Rather, NO-producing neurons within the RVM belong to GABAergic and cholinergic cell populations, and are in a position to modulate or be modulated by local opioidergic neurons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amber V K Buhler
- School of Pharmacy, Pacific University Oregon, 222 SE 8th Ave, Hillsboro, OR 97123, United States.
| | - Sean Tachibana
- School of Pharmacy, Pacific University Oregon, 222 SE 8th Ave, Hillsboro, OR 97123, United States
| | - Yangmiao Zhang
- Department of Integrative Physiology and Neuroscience, Washington State University, Pullman, WA 99164, United States
| | - Raymond M Quock
- Department of Psychology, Washington State University, Pullman, WA 99164, United States
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Lima MG, Maximino C, Matos Oliveira KR, Brasil A, Crespo-Lopez ME, Batista EDJO, Rocha FADF, Picanço-Diniz DLW, Herculano AM. Nitric oxide as a regulatory molecule in the processing of the visual stimulus. Nitric Oxide 2013; 36:44-50. [PMID: 24275015 DOI: 10.1016/j.niox.2013.10.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2013] [Revised: 10/18/2013] [Accepted: 10/30/2013] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Nitric oxide (NO) is a highly reactive gas with considerable diffusion power that is produced pre- and post synaptically in the central nervous system (CNS). In the visual system, it is involved in the processing of the visual information from the retina to superior visual centers. In this review we discuss the main mechanisms through which nitric oxide acts, in physiological levels, on the retina, lateral geniculate nucleus (LGN) and primary visual cortex. In the retina, the cGMP-dependent nitric oxide activity initially amplifies the signal, subsequently increasing the inhibitory activity, suggesting that the signal is "filtered". In the thalamus, on dLGN, neuronal activity is amplified by NO derived from brainstem cholinergic cells, in a cGMP-independent mechanism; the result is the amplification of the signal arriving from retina. Finally, on the visual cortex (V1), NO acts through changes on the cGMP levels, increasing signal detection. These observations suggest that NO works like a filter, modulating the signal along the visual pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monica Gomes Lima
- Laboratory of Neuroendocrinology, Biological Sciences Institute, Federal University of Pará, Av. Augusto Correa, 01 Guamá, Belém, Pará 66075-110, Brazil.
| | - Caio Maximino
- Laboratory of Neuroendocrinology, Biological Sciences Institute, Federal University of Pará, Av. Augusto Correa, 01 Guamá, Belém, Pará 66075-110, Brazil; Zebrafish Neuroscience Research Consortium (ZNRC) Slidell, Louisiana 70458, USA.
| | - Karen Renata Matos Oliveira
- Laboratory of Neuroendocrinology, Biological Sciences Institute, Federal University of Pará, Av. Augusto Correa, 01 Guamá, Belém, Pará 66075-110, Brazil.
| | - Alódia Brasil
- Laboratory of Neuroendocrinology, Biological Sciences Institute, Federal University of Pará, Av. Augusto Correa, 01 Guamá, Belém, Pará 66075-110, Brazil.
| | - Maria Elena Crespo-Lopez
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Biological Sciences Institute, Federal University of Pará, Av. Augusto Correa, 01 Guamá, Belém, Pará CEP 66075-110, Brazil.
| | - Evander de Jesus Oliveira Batista
- Laboratory of Neuroendocrinology, Biological Sciences Institute, Federal University of Pará, Av. Augusto Correa, 01 Guamá, Belém, Pará 66075-110, Brazil.
| | - Fernando Allan de Farias Rocha
- Laboratory of Neuroscience Dr. Eduardo Oswaldo Cruz, Biological Sciences Institute, Federal University of Pará, Av. Augusto Correa, 01 Guamá, Belém, Pará CEP 66075-110, Brazil
| | - Domingos Luiz Wanderley Picanço-Diniz
- Nucleus Oriximiná, Federal University of Western Pará, University Campus Oriximiná, Rodovia PA-254, n° 257 Bairro Santíssimo, Oriximiná, Pará CEP 68270-000, Brazil.
| | - Anderson Manoel Herculano
- Laboratory of Neuroendocrinology, Biological Sciences Institute, Federal University of Pará, Av. Augusto Correa, 01 Guamá, Belém, Pará 66075-110, Brazil; Zebrafish Neuroscience Research Consortium (ZNRC) Slidell, Louisiana 70458, USA.
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Cespuglio R, Amrouni D, Meiller A, Buguet A, Gautier-Sauvigné S. Nitric oxide in the regulation of the sleep-wake states. Sleep Med Rev 2012; 16:265-79. [PMID: 22406306 DOI: 10.1016/j.smrv.2012.01.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2011] [Revised: 01/19/2012] [Accepted: 01/20/2012] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Nitric oxide (NO) production involves four different NO-synthases (NOSs) that are either constitutive (neuronal, nNOS; endothelial, eNOS; mitochondrial, mNOS) or inducible (iNOS) in nature. Three main processes regulate NO/NOSs output, i.e., the L-arginine/arginase substrate-competing system, the L-citrulline/arginosuccinate-recycling system and the asymmetric dimethyl-/monomethyl-L-arginine-inhibiting system. In adult animals, nNOS exhibits a dense innervation intermingled with pontine sleep structures. It is well established that the NO/nNOS production makes a key contribution to daily homeostatic sleep (slow-wave sleep, SWS; rapid eye movement sleep, REM sleep). In the basal hypothalamus, the NO/nNOS production further contributes to the REM sleep rebound that takes place after a sleep deprivation (SD). This production may also contribute to the sleep rebound that is associated with an immobilization stress (IS). In adult animals, throughout the SD time-course, an additional NO/iNOS production takes place in neurons. Such production mediates a transitory SD-related SWS rebound. A transitory NO/iNOS production is also part of the immune system. Such a production contributes to the SWS increase that accompanies inflammatory events and is ensured by microglial cells and astrocytes. Finally, with aging, the iNOS expression becomes permanent and the corresponding NO/iNOS production is important to ensure an adequate maintenance of REM sleep and, to a lesser extent, SWS. Despite such maintenance, aged animals, however, are not able to elicit a sleep rebound to deal with the challenge of SD or IS. Sleep regulatory processes in adult animals thus become impaired with age. Reduced iNOS expression during aging may contribute to accelerated senescence, as observed in senescence-accelerated mice (SAMP-8 mice).
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Affiliation(s)
- Raymond Cespuglio
- University of Lyon, Faculty of Medicine, Neurosciences Research Center of Lyon, 8 Avenue Rockefeller, F-69373 Lyon, France.
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