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Eivazi Zadeh Z, Nour S, Kianersi S, Jonidi Shariatzadeh F, Williams RJ, Nisbet DR, Bruggeman KF. Mining human clinical waste as a rich source of stem cells for neural regeneration. iScience 2024; 27:110307. [PMID: 39156636 PMCID: PMC11326931 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2024.110307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Neural diseases are challenging to treat and are regarded as one of the major causes of disability and morbidity in the world. Stem cells can provide a solution, by offering a mechanism to replace damaged circuitry. However, obtaining sufficient cell sources for neural regeneration remains a significant challenge. In recent years, waste-derived stem(-like) cells (WDS-lCs) extracted from both prenatal and adult clinical waste tissues/products, have gained increasing attention for application in neural tissue repair and remodeling. This often-overlooked pool of cells possesses favorable characteristics; including self-renewal, neural differentiation, secretion of neurogenic factors, cost-effectiveness, and low ethical concerns. Here, we offer a perspective regarding the biological properties, extraction protocols, and preclinical and clinical treatments where prenatal and adult WDS-lCs have been utilized for cell replacement therapy in neural applications, and the challenges involved in optimizing these approaches toward patient led therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zahra Eivazi Zadeh
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3010, Australia
- The Graeme Clark Institute, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Shirin Nour
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3010, Australia
- The Graeme Clark Institute, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Polymer Science Group, Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3010, Australia
| | - Sogol Kianersi
- Science Foundation Ireland (SFI) Centre for Research in Medical Devices (CÚRAM), Biomedical Sciences, University of Galway, Galway, Ireland
| | | | - Richard J. Williams
- The Graeme Clark Institute, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- iMPACT, School of Medicine, Deakin University, Waurn Ponds, VIC 3216, Australia
| | - David R. Nisbet
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3010, Australia
- The Graeme Clark Institute, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- ACRF Department of Cancer Biology and Therapeutics, The John Curtin School of Medical Research, ANU College of Health & Medicine, Canberra, ACT, Australia
- Research School of Chemistry, ANU College of Science, Canberra, ACT, Australia
- Melbourne Medical School, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Health Science, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Founder and Scientific Advisory of Nano Status, Building 137, Sullivans Creek Rd, ANU, Acton, Canberra, ACT, Australia
| | - Kiara F. Bruggeman
- Laboratory of Advanced Biomaterials Research, School of Engineering, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT, Australia
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Cabaña-Muñoz ME, Pelaz Fernández MJ, Parmigiani-Cabaña JM, Parmigiani-Izquierdo JM, Merino JJ. Adult Mesenchymal Stem Cells from Oral Cavity and Surrounding Areas: Types and Biomedical Applications. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:2109. [PMID: 37631323 PMCID: PMC10459416 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15082109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2023] [Revised: 07/28/2023] [Accepted: 08/02/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Adult mesenchymal stem cells are those obtained from the conformation of dental structures (DMSC), such as deciduous and permanent teeth and other surrounding tissues. Background: The self-renewal and differentiation capacities of these adult stem cells allow for great clinical potential. Because DMSC are cells of ectomesenchymal origin, they reveal a high capacity for complete regeneration of dental pulp, periodontal tissue, and other biomedical applications; their differentiation into other types of cells promotes repair in muscle tissue, cardiac, pancreatic, nervous, bone, cartilage, skin, and corneal tissues, among others, with a high predictability of success. Therefore, stem and progenitor cells, with their exosomes of dental origin and surrounding areas in the oral cavity due to their plasticity, are considered a fundamental pillar in medicine and regenerative dentistry. Tissue engineering (MSCs, scaffolds, and bioactive molecules) sustains and induces its multipotent and immunomodulatory effects. It is of vital importance to guarantee the safety and efficacy of the procedures designed for patients, and for this purpose, more clinical trials are needed to increase the efficacy of several pathologies. Conclusion: From a bioethical and transcendental anthropological point of view, the human person as a unique being facilitates better clinical and personalized therapy, given the higher prevalence of dental and chronic systemic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- María Eugenia Cabaña-Muñoz
- CIROM—Centro de Rehabilitación Oral Multidisciplinaria, 30001 Murcia, Spain; (M.E.C.-M.); (J.M.P.-C.); (J.M.P.-I.)
| | | | - José María Parmigiani-Cabaña
- CIROM—Centro de Rehabilitación Oral Multidisciplinaria, 30001 Murcia, Spain; (M.E.C.-M.); (J.M.P.-C.); (J.M.P.-I.)
| | | | - José Joaquín Merino
- Departamento de Farmacología, Farmacognosia y Botánica, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad Complutense de Madrid (U.C.M), 28040 Madrid, Spain
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Barachini S, Ghelardoni S, Madonna R. Vascular Progenitor Cells: From Cancer to Tissue Repair. J Clin Med 2023; 12:jcm12062399. [PMID: 36983398 PMCID: PMC10059009 DOI: 10.3390/jcm12062399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2023] [Revised: 03/12/2023] [Accepted: 03/19/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Vascular progenitor cells are activated to repair and form a neointima following vascular damage such as hypertension, atherosclerosis, diabetes, trauma, hypoxia, primary cancerous lesions and metastases as well as catheter interventions. They play a key role not only in the resolution of the vascular lesion but also in the adult neovascularization and angiogenesis sprouting (i.e., the growth of new capillaries from pre-existing ones), often associated with carcinogenesis, favoring the formation of metastases, survival and progression of tumors. In this review, we discuss the biology, cellular plasticity and pathophysiology of different vascular progenitor cells, including their origins (sources), stimuli and activated pathways that induce differentiation, isolation and characterization. We focus on their role in tumor-induced vascular injury and discuss their implications in promoting tumor angiogenesis during cancer proliferation and migration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Serena Barachini
- Laboratory for Cell Therapy, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, 56126 Pisa, Italy
| | - Sandra Ghelardoni
- Laboratory of Biochemistry, Department of Pathology, University of Pisa, 56126 Pisa, Italy
| | - Rosalinda Madonna
- Department of Pathology, Cardiology Division, University of Pisa, 56126 Pisa, Italy
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Kwack KH, Lee HW. Clinical Potential of Dental Pulp Stem Cells in Pulp Regeneration: Current Endodontic Progress and Future Perspectives. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 10:857066. [PMID: 35478967 PMCID: PMC9035692 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2022.857066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2022] [Accepted: 03/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Dental caries is a common disease that not only destroys the rigid structure of the teeth but also causes pulp necrosis in severe cases. Once pulp necrosis has occurred, the most common treatment is to remove the damaged pulp tissue, leading to a loss of tooth vitality and increased tooth fragility. Dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs) isolated from pulp tissue exhibit mesenchymal stem cell-like characteristics and are considered ideal candidates for regenerating damaged dental pulp tissue owing to their multipotency, high proliferation rate, and viability after cryopreservation. Importantly, DPSCs do not elicit an allogeneic immune response because they are non-immunogenic and exhibit potent immunosuppressive properties. Here, we provide an up-to-date review of the clinical applicability and potential of DPSCs, as well as emerging trends in the regeneration of damaged pulp tissue. In addition, we suggest the possibility of using DPSCs as a resource for allogeneic transplantation and provide a perspective for their clinical application in pulp regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyu Hwan Kwack
- Department of Dentistry, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Hyeon-Woo Lee
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Dentistry, Graduate School, Institute of Oral Biology, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, South Korea
- *Correspondence: Hyeon-Woo Lee,
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Al Madhoun A, Sindhu S, Haddad D, Atari M, Ahmad R, Al-Mulla F. Dental Pulp Stem Cells Derived From Adult Human Third Molar Tooth: A Brief Review. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:717624. [PMID: 34712658 PMCID: PMC8545885 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.717624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2021] [Accepted: 09/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The fields of regenerative medicine and stem cell-based tissue engineering have the potential of treating numerous tissue and organ defects. The use of adult stem cells is of particular interest when it comes to dynamic applications in translational medicine. Recently, dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs) have been traced in third molars of adult humans. DPSCs have been isolated and characterized by several groups. DPSCs have promising characteristics including self-renewal capacity, rapid proliferation, colony formation, multi-lineage differentiation, and pluripotent gene expression profile. Nevertheless, genotypic, and phenotypic heterogeneities have been reported for DPSCs subpopulations which may influence their therapeutic potentials. The underlying causes of DPSCs’ heterogeneity remain poorly understood; however, their heterogeneity emerges as a consequence of an interplay between intrinsic and extrinsic cellular factors. The main objective of the manuscript is to review the current literature related to the human DPSCs derived from the third molar, with a focus on their physiological properties, isolation procedures, culture conditions, self-renewal, proliferation, lineage differentiation capacities and their prospective advances use in pre-clinical and clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashraf Al Madhoun
- Department of Genetics and Bioinformatics, Dasman Diabetes Institute, Dasman, Kuwait.,Department of Animal and Imaging Core Facilities, Dasman Diabetes Institute, Dasman, Kuwait
| | - Sardar Sindhu
- Department of Animal and Imaging Core Facilities, Dasman Diabetes Institute, Dasman, Kuwait.,Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Dasman Diabetes Institute, Dasman, Kuwait
| | - Dania Haddad
- Department of Genetics and Bioinformatics, Dasman Diabetes Institute, Dasman, Kuwait
| | - Maher Atari
- Biointelligence Technology Systems S.L., Barcelona, Spain
| | - Rasheed Ahmad
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Dasman Diabetes Institute, Dasman, Kuwait
| | - Fahd Al-Mulla
- Department of Genetics and Bioinformatics, Dasman Diabetes Institute, Dasman, Kuwait
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Sharma Y, Shobha K, Sundeep M, Pinnelli VB, Parveen S, Dhanushkodi A. Neural Basis of Dental Pulp Stem Cells and its Potential Application in Parkinson's disease. CNS & NEUROLOGICAL DISORDERS-DRUG TARGETS 2021; 21:62-76. [PMID: 33719979 DOI: 10.2174/1871527320666210311122921] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2020] [Revised: 01/16/2021] [Accepted: 01/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is the second most common neurodegenerative disease after Alzheimer's disease. Though significant insights into the molecular-biochemical-cellular-behavioral basis of PD have been understood, there is no appreciable treatment available till date. Current therapies provide symptomatic relief without any influence on the progression of the disease. Stem cell therapy has been vigorously explored to treat PD. In this comprehensive review, we analyze various stem cell candidates for treating PD and discuss the possible mechanisms. We advocate the advantage of using neural crest originated dental pulp stem cells (DPSC) due to their predisposition towards neural differentiation and their potential to regenerate neurons far better than commonly used bone marrow derived mesenchymal stem cells (BM-MSCs). Eventually, we highlight the current challenges in the field and the strategies which may be used for overcoming the impediments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yogita Sharma
- Manipal Institute of Regenerative Medicine, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Bangalore, Karnataka. India
| | - Shobha K
- Manipal Institute of Regenerative Medicine, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Bangalore, Karnataka. India
| | - Mata Sundeep
- Manipal Institute of Regenerative Medicine, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Bangalore, Karnataka. India
| | | | - Shagufta Parveen
- Manipal Institute of Regenerative Medicine, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Bangalore, Karnataka. India
| | - Anandh Dhanushkodi
- Manipal Institute of Regenerative Medicine, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Bangalore, Karnataka. India
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7
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Xiao Z, Lei T, Liu Y, Yang Y, Bi W, Du H. The potential therapy with dental tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cells in Parkinson's disease. Stem Cell Res Ther 2021; 12:5. [PMID: 33407864 PMCID: PMC7789713 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-020-01957-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2020] [Accepted: 09/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Parkinson’s disease (PD), the second most common neurodegenerative disease worldwide, is caused by the loss of dopaminergic (DAergic) neurons in the substantia nigra resulting in a series of motor or non-motor disorders. Current treatment methods are unable to stop the progression of PD and may bring certain side effects. Cell replacement therapy has brought new hope for the treatment of PD. Recently, human dental tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cells have received extensive attention. Currently, dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs) and stem cells from human exfoliated deciduous teeth (SHED) are considered to have strong potential for the treatment of these neurodegenerative diseases. These cells are considered to be ideal cell sources for the treatment of PD on account of their unique characteristics, such as neural crest origin, immune rejection, and lack of ethical issues. In this review, we briefly describe the research investigating cell therapy for PD and discuss the application and progress of DPSCs and SHED in the treatment of PD. This review offers significant and comprehensive guidance for further clinical research on PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhuangzhuang Xiao
- 112 Lab, School of Chemistry and Biological Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, 30 XueYuan Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Tong Lei
- 112 Lab, School of Chemistry and Biological Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, 30 XueYuan Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Yanyan Liu
- Kangyanbao (Beijing) Stem Cell Technology Co., Ltd, Beijing, 102600, China
| | - Yanjie Yang
- 112 Lab, School of Chemistry and Biological Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, 30 XueYuan Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Wangyu Bi
- 112 Lab, School of Chemistry and Biological Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, 30 XueYuan Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Hongwu Du
- 112 Lab, School of Chemistry and Biological Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, 30 XueYuan Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100083, China.
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8
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Xiao N. Is neurotrophic factor a second language that neuron and tooth speak? Neural Regen Res 2021; 16:1803-1804. [PMID: 33510085 PMCID: PMC8328768 DOI: 10.4103/1673-5374.306068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Nan Xiao
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Arthur A. Dugoni School of Dentistry, University of the Pacific, San Francisco, CA, USA
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9
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Improvement of Impaired Motor Functions by Human Dental Exfoliated Deciduous Teeth Stem Cell-Derived Factors in a Rat Model of Parkinson's Disease. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21113807. [PMID: 32471263 PMCID: PMC7312764 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21113807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2020] [Revised: 05/24/2020] [Accepted: 05/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is a long-term degenerative disease of the central nervous system (CNS) that primarily affects the motor system. So far there is no effective treatment for PD, only some drugs, surgery, and comprehensive treatment can alleviate the symptoms of PD. Stem cells derived from human exfoliated deciduous teeth (SHED), mesenchymal stem cells derived from dental pulp, may have promising potential in regenerative medicine. In this study, we examine the therapeutic effect of SHED-derived conditioned medium (SHED-CM) in a rotenone-induced PD rat model. Intravenous administration of SHED-CM generated by standardized procedures significantly improved the PD symptoms accompanied with increased tyrosine hydroxylase amounts in the striatum, and decreased α-synuclein levels in both the nigra and striatum, from rotenone-treated rats. In addition, this SHED-CM treatment decreased both Iba-1 and CD4 levels in these brain areas. Gene ontology analysis indicated that the biological process of genes affected by SHED-CM was primarily implicated in neurodevelopment and nerve regeneration. The major constituents of SHED-CM included insulin-like growth factor binding protein-6 (IGFBP-6), tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase (TIMP)-2, TIMP-1, and transforming growth factor 1 (TGF-1). RNA-sequencing (RNA-seq) and Ingenuity Pathway Analysis (IPA) revealed that these factors may ameliorate PD symptoms through modulating the cholinergic synapses, calcium signaling pathways, serotoninergic synapses, and axon guidance. In conclusion, our data indicate that SHED-CM contains active constituents that may have promising efficacy to alleviate PD.
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Xiao N, Thor D, Yu WY. Neurotrophins BDNF and NT4/5 accelerate dental pulp stem cell migration. Biomed J 2020; 44:363-368. [PMID: 32330678 PMCID: PMC8358213 DOI: 10.1016/j.bj.2020.03.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2019] [Revised: 03/20/2020] [Accepted: 03/22/2020] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Neurotrophic factors play important roles in neuron survival, growth and differentiation. In the present research, the expression of multiple neurotrophins and their effects on cell migration were studied in the dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs). Human DPSCs from five patients were cultured. Expression of neurotrophins and their receptors were evaluated by PCR, immunofluorescent staining and ELISA. Scratch assay was performed in the presence or absence of neurotrophic factors. Level of phosphorylated-ERK was evaluated with Western blotting. Neurotrophins were expressed at various levels in the DPSCs. Treatment of 100 ng/ml BDNF or NT4/5 accelerated wound healing in scratch assay and elevated the expression of phosphorylated–ERK. The work indicated that neurotrophins promoted human DPSCs migration in vitro.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nan Xiao
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Arthur A. Dugoni School of Dentistry, University of the Pacific, San Francisco, USA.
| | - Der Thor
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Arthur A. Dugoni School of Dentistry, University of the Pacific, San Francisco, USA
| | - Wei Ye Yu
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Arthur A. Dugoni School of Dentistry, University of the Pacific, San Francisco, USA
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Yurtsever MÇ, Kiremitci A, Gümüşderelioğlu M. Dopaminergic induction of human dental pulp stem cells by photobiomodulation: comparison of 660nm laser light and polychromatic light in the nir. JOURNAL OF PHOTOCHEMISTRY AND PHOTOBIOLOGY B-BIOLOGY 2019; 204:111742. [PMID: 31982670 DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2019.111742] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2019] [Revised: 11/03/2019] [Accepted: 12/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Human dental pulp stem cells (hDPSCs) are able to differentiate into dopaminergic neurons and help the maintenance of partially degenerated neurons, which makes them as an alternative cell source for treatment of Parkinsons' disease (PD) patients. Here, the effect of photobiomodulation with polychromatic light source in the near infrared (NIR) range (600-1200 nm) or low level 660 nm diode laser light on hDPSCs during dopaminergic induction was investigated. Real time RT-qPCR analysis indicated that expressions of brain derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), glial cell line derived neurotropic factor (GNDF), matrix associated protein 2 (MAP2), nuclear receptor related 1 protein (NURR1) and dopamine transporter (DAT) were increased, especially in the first 7 days of dopaminergic induction when 660 nm laser light was applied with a total energy density of 1.6 J/cm2. The activity of polychromatic light on hDPSCs depended on the differentiation media and protein type. BDNF, GDNF, NURR-1 and MAP2 expressions were increased in the presence of pre-induction factors, and decreased when the post-induction factors were added into the culture medium. In contrast with all these promising results, the dopaminergically induced hDPSCs did not show any functional characteristics of dopaminergic neurons and died after they were transferred to a new laminin coated culture plates. In conclusion, the expression of dopaminergic neuron protective protein mRNAs in hDPSCs was increased by photobiomodulation in defined conditions. However, the cells were not able to differentiate into functional dopaminergic neurons either in control or in photobiomodulated groups that are prone to cell death and exhibit immature dopaminergic neuron characteristics.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Arlin Kiremitci
- Departments of Restorative Dentistry, Hacettepe University, Turkey
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12
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Looking into dental pulp stem cells in the therapy of photoreceptors and retinal degenerative disorders. JOURNAL OF PHOTOCHEMISTRY AND PHOTOBIOLOGY B-BIOLOGY 2019; 203:111727. [PMID: 31862637 DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2019.111727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2019] [Revised: 11/13/2019] [Accepted: 12/02/2019] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Blindness and vision impairment are caused by irremediable retinal degeneration in affected individuals worldwide. Cell therapy for a retinal replacement can potentially rescue their vision, specifically for those who lost the light sensing photoreceptors in the eye. As such, well-characterized retinal cells are required for the replacement purposes. Stem cell-based therapy in photoreceptor and retinal pigment epithelium transplantation is well received, however, the drawbacks of retinal transplantation is the limited clinical protocols development, insufficient number of transplanted cells for recovery, the selection of potential stem cell sources that can be differentiated into the target cells, and the ability of cells to migrate to the host tissue. Dental pulp stem cells (DPSC) belong to a subset of mesenchymal stem cells, and are recently being studied due to its high capability of differentiating into cells of the neuronal lineage. In this review, we look into the potential uses of DPSC in treating retinal degeneration, and also the current data supporting its application.
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Han YH, Kim KH, Abdi S, Kim TK. Stem cell therapy in pain medicine. Korean J Pain 2019; 32:245-255. [PMID: 31569916 PMCID: PMC6813895 DOI: 10.3344/kjp.2019.32.4.245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2019] [Revised: 09/16/2019] [Accepted: 09/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Stem cells are attracting attention as a key element in future medicine, satisfying the desire to live a healthier life with the possibility that they can regenerate tissue damaged or degenerated by disease or aging. Stem cells are defined as undifferentiated cells that have the ability to replicate and differentiate themselves into various tissues cells. Stem cells, commonly encountered in clinical or preclinical stages, are largely classified into embryonic, adult, and induced pluripotent stem cells. Recently, stem cell transplantation has been frequently applied to the treatment of pain as an alternative or promising approach for the treatment of severe osteoarthritis, neuropathic pain, and intractable musculoskeletal pain which do not respond to conventional medicine. The main idea of applying stem cells to neuropathic pain is based on the ability of stem cells to release neurotrophic factors, along with providing a cellular source for replacing the injured neural cells, making them ideal candidates for modulating and possibly reversing intractable neuropathic pain. Even though various differentiation capacities of stem cells are reported, there is not enough knowledge and technique to control the differentiation into desired tissues in vivo. Even though the use of stem cells is still in the very early stages of clinical use and raises complicated ethical problems, the future of stem cells therapies is very bright with the help of accumulating evidence and technology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong Hee Han
- Department of Anesthesia and Pain Medicine, Pusan National University School of Medicine, Yangsan, Korea
| | - Kyung Hoon Kim
- Department of Anesthesia and Pain Medicine, Pusan National University School of Medicine, Yangsan, Korea
| | - Salahadin Abdi
- Division of Anesthesia and Critical Care, Department of Pain Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Tae Kyun Kim
- Department of Anesthesia and Pain Medicine, Pusan National University School of Medicine, Yangsan, Korea
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Clinical Potential and Current Progress of Dental Pulp Stem Cells for Various Systemic Diseases in Regenerative Medicine: A Concise Review. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20051132. [PMID: 30845639 PMCID: PMC6429131 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20051132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 145] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2019] [Revised: 02/28/2019] [Accepted: 03/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs) are mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) that have multipotent differentiation and a self-renewal ability. They have been useful not only for dental diseases, but also for systemic diseases. Extensive studies have suggested that DPSCs are effective for various diseases, such as spinal cord injuries, Parkinson's disease, Alzheimer's disease, cerebral ischemia, myocardial infarction, muscular dystrophy, diabetes, liver diseases, eye diseases, immune diseases, and oral diseases. DPSCs have the potential for use in a cell-therapeutic paradigm shift to treat these diseases. It has also been reported that DPSCs have higher regenerative potential than the bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells known as representative MSCs. Therefore, DPSCs have recently gathered much attention. In this review, the therapeutic potential of DPSCs, the latest progress in the pre-clinical study for treatment of these various systemic diseases, and the clinical applications of DPSCs in regenerative medicine, are all summarized. Although challenges, including mechanisms of the effects and establishment of cell processing and transplantation methods for clinical use, still remain, DPSCs could be promising stem cells sources for various clinical applications, because of their easy isolation by a noninvasive procedure without ethical concerns.
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15
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Martellucci S, Santacroce C, Santilli F, Piccoli L, Delle Monache S, Angelucci A, Misasi R, Sorice M, Mattei V. Cellular and Molecular Mechanisms Mediated by recPrP C Involved in the Neuronal Differentiation Process of Mesenchymal Stem Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:E345. [PMID: 30654447 PMCID: PMC6358746 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20020345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2018] [Revised: 01/11/2019] [Accepted: 01/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Human Dental Pulp Stem Cells (hDPSCs) represent a type of adult mesenchymal stem cells that have the ability to differentiate in vitro in several lineages such as odontoblasts, osteoblasts, chondrocytes, adipocytes and neurons. In the current work, we used hDPSCs as the experimental model to study the role of recombinant prion protein 23⁻231 (recPrPC) in the neuronal differentiation process, and in the signal pathway activation of ERK 1/2 and Akt. We demonstrated that recPrPC was able to activate an intracellular signal pathway mediated by extracellular-signal-regulated kinase 1 and 2 (ERK 1/2) and protein kinase B (Akt). Moreover, in order to understand whether endogenous prion protein (PrPC) was necessary to mediate the signaling induced by recPrPC, we silenced PrPC, demonstrating that the presence of endogenous PrPC was essential for ERK 1/2 and Akt phosphorylation. Since endogenous PrPC is a well-known lipid rafts component, we evaluated the role of these structures in the signal pathway induced by recPrPC. Our results suggest that lipid rafts integrity play a key role in recPrPC activity. In fact, lipid rafts inhibitors, such as fumonisin B1 and MβCD, significantly prevented ERK 1/2 and Akt phosphorylation induced by recPrPC. In addition, we investigated the capacity of recPrPC to induce hDPSCs neuronal differentiation process after long-term stimulation through the evaluation of typical neuronal markers expression such as B3-Tubulin, neurofilament-H (NFH) and growth associated protein 43 (GAP43). Accordingly, when we silenced endogenous PrPC, we observed the inhibition of neuronal differentiation induced by recPrPC. The combined data suggest that recPrPC plays a key role in the neuronal differentiation process and in the activation of specific intracellular signal pathways in hDPSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefano Martellucci
- Laboratory of Experimental Medicine and Environmental Pathology, Rieti University Hub "Sabina Universitas", 02100 Rieti, Italy.
- Department of Experimental Medicine, "Sapienza" University, 00161 Rome, Italy.
| | - Costantino Santacroce
- Laboratory of Experimental Medicine and Environmental Pathology, Rieti University Hub "Sabina Universitas", 02100 Rieti, Italy.
| | - Francesca Santilli
- Laboratory of Experimental Medicine and Environmental Pathology, Rieti University Hub "Sabina Universitas", 02100 Rieti, Italy.
- Department of Experimental Medicine, "Sapienza" University, 00161 Rome, Italy.
| | - Luca Piccoli
- Department of Science Dentistry and Maxillofacial, "Sapienza" University, 00161 Rome, Italy.
| | - Simona Delle Monache
- Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences, University of L'Aquila, 67100 L'Aquila, Italy.
| | - Adriano Angelucci
- Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences, University of L'Aquila, 67100 L'Aquila, Italy.
| | - Roberta Misasi
- Department of Experimental Medicine, "Sapienza" University, 00161 Rome, Italy.
| | - Maurizio Sorice
- Department of Experimental Medicine, "Sapienza" University, 00161 Rome, Italy.
| | - Vincenzo Mattei
- Laboratory of Experimental Medicine and Environmental Pathology, Rieti University Hub "Sabina Universitas", 02100 Rieti, Italy.
- Department of Experimental Medicine, "Sapienza" University, 00161 Rome, Italy.
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16
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Pham VM, Matsumura S, Katano T, Funatsu N, Ito S. Diabetic neuropathy research: from mouse models to targets for treatment. Neural Regen Res 2019; 14:1870-1879. [PMID: 31290436 PMCID: PMC6676867 DOI: 10.4103/1673-5374.259603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Diabetic neuropathy is one of the most serious complications of diabetes, and its increase shows no sign of stopping. Furthermore, current clinical treatments do not yet approach the best effectiveness. Thus, the development of better strategies for treating diabetic neuropathy is an urgent matter. In this review, we first discuss the advantages and disadvantages of some major mouse models of diabetic neuropathy and then address the targets for mechanism-based treatment that have been studied. We also introduce our studies on each part. Using stem cells as a source of neurotrophic factors to target extrinsic factors of diabetic neuropathy, we found that they present a promising treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vuong M Pham
- Department of Medical Chemistry, Kansai Medical University, Hirakata, Osaka, Japan; Singapore Institute for Neurotechnology (SINAPSE), National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Shinji Matsumura
- Department of Medical Chemistry, Kansai Medical University, Hirakata, Osaka, Japan
| | - Tayo Katano
- Department of Medical Chemistry, Kansai Medical University, Hirakata, Osaka, Japan
| | - Nobuo Funatsu
- Department of Medical Chemistry, Kansai Medical University, Hirakata, Osaka, Japan
| | - Seiji Ito
- Department of Medical Chemistry, Kansai Medical University, Hirakata; Department of Anesthesiology, Osaka Medical College, Takatsuki, Osaka, Japan
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17
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Raza SS, Wagner AP, Hussain YS, Khan MA. Mechanisms underlying dental-derived stem cell-mediated neurorestoration in neurodegenerative disorders. Stem Cell Res Ther 2018; 9:245. [PMID: 30257724 PMCID: PMC6158826 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-018-1005-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Neurodegenerative disorders have a complex pathology and are characterized by a progressive loss of neuronal architecture in the brain or spinal cord. Neuroprotective agents have demonstrated promising results at the preclinical stage, but this has not been confirmed at the clinical stage. Thus far, no neuroprotective drug that can prevent neuronal degeneration in patients with neurodegenerative disorders is available. MAIN BODY Recent studies have focused on neurorestorative measures, such as cell-based therapy, rather than neuroprotective treatment. The utility of cell-based approaches for the treatment of neurodegenerative disorders has been explored extensively, and the results have been somewhat promising with regard to reversing the outcome. Because of their neural crest origin, ease of harvest, accessibility, ethical suitability, and potential to differentiate into the neurogenic lineage, dental-derived stem cells (DSCs) have become an attractive source for cell-based neurorestoration therapies. In the present review, we summarize the possible use of DSC-based neurorestoration therapy as an alternative treatment for neurodegenerative disorders, with a particular emphasis on the mechanism underlying recovery in neurodegenerative disorders. CONCLUSION Transplantation research in neurodegenerative diseases should aim to understand the mechanism providing benefits both at the molecular and functional level. Due to their ease of accessibility, plasticity, and ethical suitability, DSCs hold promise to overcome the existing challenges in the field of neurodegeneration through multiple mechanisms, such as cell replacement, bystander effect, vasculogenesis, synaptogenesis, immunomodulation, and by inhibiting apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Syed Shadab Raza
- Laboratory for Stem Cell & Restorative Neurology, Department of Biotechnology, Era Medical College & Hospital, Era University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, 226003, India. .,Department of Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Era University, Lucknow, 226003, India.
| | - Aurel Popa Wagner
- Departmentof Dental Materials, RUHS College of Dental Sciences, Subhash Nagar, Jaipur, Rajasthan, 302002, India.,Center of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy Craiova, Craiova, Romania.,School of Medicine, Griffith University, Southport, QLD, Australia
| | - Yawer S Hussain
- Department of Neurology, Chair of Vascular Neurology and Dementia, Essen University Hospital, Essen, Germany
| | - Mohsin Ali Khan
- Era Medical College & Hospital, Era University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, 226003, India
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18
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Martellucci S, Manganelli V, Santacroce C, Santilli F, Piccoli L, Sorice M, Mattei V. Role of Prion protein-EGFR multimolecular complex during neuronal differentiation of human dental pulp-derived stem cells. Prion 2018; 12:117-126. [PMID: 29644924 DOI: 10.1080/19336896.2018.1463797] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Cellular prion protein (PrPC) is expressed in a wide variety of stem cells in which regulates their self-renewal as well as differentiation potential. In this study we investigated the presence of PrPC in human dental pulp-derived stem cells (hDPSCs) and its role in neuronal differentiation process. We show that hDPSCs expresses early PrPC at low concentration and its expression increases after two weeks of treatment with EGF/bFGF. Then, we analyzed the association of PrPC with gangliosides and EGF receptor (EGF-R) during neuronal differentiation process. PrPC associates constitutively with GM2 in control hDPSCs and with GD3 only after neuronal differentiation. Otherwise, EGF-R associates weakly in control hDPSCs and more markedly after neuronal differentiation. To analyze the functional role of PrPC in the signal pathway mediated by EGF/EGF-R, a siRNA PrP was applied to ablate PrPC and its function. The treatment with siRNA PrP significantly prevented Akt and ERK1/2 phosphorylation induced by EGF. Moreover, siRNA PrP treatment significantly prevented neuronal-specific antigens expression induced by EGF/bFGF, indicating that cellular prion protein is essential for EGF/bFGF-induced hDPSCs differentiation. These results suggest that PrPC interact with EGF-R within lipid rafts, playing a role in the multimolecular signaling complexes involved in hDPSCs neuronal differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefano Martellucci
- a Laboratory of Experimental Medicine and Environmental Pathology - Rieti University Hub "Sabina Universitas" , Via Angelo Maria Ricci 35/A, Rieti , Italy.,b Department of Experimental Medicine - "Sapienza" University , Viale Regina Elena 324, Rome , Italy
| | - Valeria Manganelli
- b Department of Experimental Medicine - "Sapienza" University , Viale Regina Elena 324, Rome , Italy
| | - Costantino Santacroce
- a Laboratory of Experimental Medicine and Environmental Pathology - Rieti University Hub "Sabina Universitas" , Via Angelo Maria Ricci 35/A, Rieti , Italy
| | - Francesca Santilli
- a Laboratory of Experimental Medicine and Environmental Pathology - Rieti University Hub "Sabina Universitas" , Via Angelo Maria Ricci 35/A, Rieti , Italy
| | - Luca Piccoli
- c Department of Science Dentistry and Maxillofacial - "Sapienza" University , Viale Regina Elena 287/A, Rome , Italy
| | - Maurizio Sorice
- b Department of Experimental Medicine - "Sapienza" University , Viale Regina Elena 324, Rome , Italy
| | - Vincenzo Mattei
- a Laboratory of Experimental Medicine and Environmental Pathology - Rieti University Hub "Sabina Universitas" , Via Angelo Maria Ricci 35/A, Rieti , Italy.,b Department of Experimental Medicine - "Sapienza" University , Viale Regina Elena 324, Rome , Italy
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19
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Ferrúa CP, Centeno EGZ, Rosa LCD, Amaral CCD, Severo RF, Sarkis-Onofre R, Nascimento GG, Cordenonzi G, Bast RK, Demarco FF, Nedel F. How has dental pulp stem cells isolation been conducted? A scoping review. Braz Oral Res 2017; 31:e87. [PMID: 29267658 DOI: 10.1590/1807-3107bor-2017.vol31.0087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2017] [Accepted: 09/14/2017] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The objective of this study was to realize a scoping review the literature in order to identify the profile of DPSCs isolation and analyze the possible risk factors that could change the native behavior of these cells. An initial search was conducted using the following MeSH terms: "(dental pulp stem cell [MeSH])"; "(dental pulp [MeSH])" AND "(stem cell [MeSH])"; "("dental pulp stem cell" [MeSH]")". The electronic search was done without date restriction up to and including April 2014, in PubMed, Scopus, Scielo and ISI Web of Knowledge databases. Studies were submitted to inclusion and exclusion criteria and 222 articles were included. Data showed that over the past 15 years many studies have been conducted using DPSCs. However this is the first systematic review regarding the isolation of stem cell, and more specifically of dental pulp stem cells. The isolation of dental pulp stem cells showed great variability, hampering the development of standard protocols to achieve in vitro dental pulp stem cells with similar characteristics. This scoping review combined, for the first time, the methodologies used for dental pulp stem isolation, highlighting the most frequently used.
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Affiliation(s)
- Camila Perelló Ferrúa
- Universidade Católica de Pelotas - UCPel, Program in Health and Behavior, Pelotas, RS, Brazil
| | | | - Laísa Camerini da Rosa
- Universidade Católica de Pelotas - UCPel, Program in Health and Behavior, Pelotas, RS, Brazil
| | - Cainá Corrêa do Amaral
- Universidade Católica de Pelotas - UCPel, Program in Health and Behavior, Pelotas, RS, Brazil
| | - Rafaely Ferreira Severo
- Universidade Católica de Pelotas - UCPel, Program in Health and Behavior, Pelotas, RS, Brazil
| | | | | | - Gabriele Cordenonzi
- Universidade Católica de Pelotas - UCPel, Program in Health and Behavior, Pelotas, RS, Brazil
| | - Rachel Krolow Bast
- Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul - UFRGS, Institute of Basic Health Scieces, Biochemistry Department, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | | | - Fernanda Nedel
- Universidade Católica de Pelotas - UCPel, Program in Health and Behavior, Pelotas, RS, Brazil
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20
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Ngoc Tran TD, Stovall KE, Suantawee T, Hu Y, Yao S, Yang LJ, Adisakwattana S, Cheng H. Transient receptor potential melastatin 4 channel is required for rat dental pulp stem cell proliferation and survival. Cell Prolif 2017; 50. [PMID: 28758259 DOI: 10.1111/cpr.12360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2017] [Accepted: 05/31/2017] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Investigate the role of the transient receptor potential melastatin 4 (TRPM4) channel in rat dental pulp stem cell (DPSC) proliferation and survival. MATERIALS AND METHODS Immunofluorescence and FACS analysis were used to detect the stem cell marker CD90. Alizarin Red S and Oil Red O staining were used to identify osteoblast and adipocyte differentiation, respectively. To characterize TRPM4, patch-clamp recordings were obtained from single cells in the whole-cell configuration mode. The significance of TRPM4 for proliferation and survival was examined with 9-phenanthrol, a TRPM4 inhibitor during a 96-hour period of culture. Real-time Ca2+ imaging analysis with Fura-2AM was used to investigate the impact of TRPM4 on intracellular Ca2+ signals. RESULTS DPSCs were CD90-positive and differentiated into osteoblasts. Patch-clamp recordings revealed currents typical of TRPM4 that were Ca2+ -activated, voltage-dependent and Na+ -conducting. Inhibition of TRPM4 resulted in a significant reduction in the cell population after a 96-hr period of culture and transformed the biphasic pattern of intracellular Ca2+ signalling into sustained oscillations. CONCLUSIONS Rat DPSCs have stem cell characteristics and functional TRPM4 channels that are required for proliferation and survival. These data suggest that the shape and frequency of intracellular Ca2+ signals may mediate stem cell proliferation and survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- T D Ngoc Tran
- Department of Comparative Biomedical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA, USA
| | - K E Stovall
- Department of Comparative Biomedical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA, USA
| | - T Suantawee
- Program in Biomedical Sciences, Graduate School, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Y Hu
- Department of Comparative Biomedical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA, USA
| | - S Yao
- Department of Comparative Biomedical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA, USA
| | - L-J Yang
- Department of Pathology, Immunology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - S Adisakwattana
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - H Cheng
- Department of Comparative Biomedical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA, USA
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21
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Mortada I, Mortada R, Al Bazzal M. Dental pulp stem cells and the management of neurological diseases: An update. J Neurosci Res 2017; 96:265-272. [PMID: 28736906 DOI: 10.1002/jnr.24122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2017] [Revised: 07/05/2017] [Accepted: 07/05/2017] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Medical research in regenerative medicine has brought promising perspectives for the use of stem cells in clinical trials. Stem cells are undifferentiated cells capable of multilineage differentiation and available in numerous sources in the human body. Dental pulp constitutes an attractive source of these cells since collecting mesenchymal stem cells from this site is a noninvasive practice that can be performed after a common surgical extraction of supernumerary or wisdom teeth. Thus, tissue sacrifice is very low and several cytotypes can be obtained owing to these cells' multipotency, in addition to the fact that they can be cryopreserved and stored for long periods. Mesenchymal stem cells have high proliferation rates, making them favorable for clinical application. These multipotent cells, present in biological waste, constitute an appropriate resource in the treatment of many neurological diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ibrahim Mortada
- Faculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Rola Mortada
- Lebanese University School of Dentistry, Beirut, Lebanon
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22
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Nakayama H, Iohara K, Hayashi Y, Okuwa Y, Kurita K, Nakashima M. Enhanced regeneration potential of mobilized dental pulp stem cells from immature teeth. Oral Dis 2017; 23:620-628. [PMID: 27973697 DOI: 10.1111/odi.12619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2016] [Revised: 11/24/2016] [Accepted: 12/01/2016] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES We have previously demonstrated that dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs) isolated from mature teeth by granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF)-induced mobilization method can enhance angiogenesis/vasculogenesis and improve pulp regeneration when compared with colony-derived DPSCs. However, the efficacy of this method in immature teeth with root-formative stage has never been investigated. Therefore, the aim of this study was to examine the stemness, biological characteristics, and regeneration potential in mobilized DPSCs compared with colony-derived DPSCs from immature teeth. MATERIALS AND METHODS Mobilized DPSCs isolated from immature teeth were compared to colony-derived DPSCs using methods including flow cytometry, migration assays, mRNA expression of angiogenic/neurotrophic factor, and induced differentiation assays. They were also compared in trophic effects of the secretome. Regeneration potential was further compared in an ectopic tooth transplantation model. RESULTS Mobilized DPSCs had higher migration ability and expressed more angiogenic/neurotrophic factors than DPSCs. The mobilized DPSC secretome produced a higher stimulatory effect on migration, immunomodulation, anti-apoptosis, endothelial differentiation, and neurite extension. In addition, vascularization and pulp regeneration potential were higher in mobilized DPSCs than in DPSCs. CONCLUSIONS G-CSF-induced mobilization method enhances regeneration potential of colony-derived DPSCs from immature teeth.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Nakayama
- Department of Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Research Institute, Obu, Japan.,Department of Oral Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Dentistry, Aichi Gakuin University, Nagoya, Japan
| | - K Iohara
- Department of Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Research Institute, Obu, Japan
| | - Y Hayashi
- Department of Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Research Institute, Obu, Japan.,Department of Pediatric Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Aichi Gakuin University, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Y Okuwa
- Department of Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Research Institute, Obu, Japan.,Department of Oral Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Dentistry, Aichi Gakuin University, Nagoya, Japan
| | - K Kurita
- Department of Oral Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Dentistry, Aichi Gakuin University, Nagoya, Japan
| | - M Nakashima
- Department of Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Research Institute, Obu, Japan
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23
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Chalisserry EP, Nam SY, Park SH, Anil S. Therapeutic potential of dental stem cells. J Tissue Eng 2017; 8:2041731417702531. [PMID: 28616151 PMCID: PMC5461911 DOI: 10.1177/2041731417702531] [Citation(s) in RCA: 112] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2017] [Accepted: 03/12/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Stem cell biology has become an important field in regenerative medicine and tissue engineering therapy since the discovery and characterization of mesenchymal stem cells. Stem cell populations have also been isolated from human dental tissues, including dental pulp stem cells, stem cells from human exfoliated deciduous teeth, stem cells from apical papilla, dental follicle progenitor cells, and periodontal ligament stem cells. Dental stem cells are relatively easily obtainable and exhibit high plasticity and multipotential capabilities. The dental stem cells represent a gold standard for neural-crest-derived bone reconstruction in humans and can be used for the repair of body defects in low-risk autologous therapeutic strategies. The bioengineering technologies developed for tooth regeneration will make substantial contributions to understand the developmental process and will encourage future organ replacement by regenerative therapies in a wide variety of organs such as the liver, kidney, and heart. The concept of developing tooth banking and preservation of dental stem cells is promising. Further research in the area has the potential to herald a new dawn in effective treatment of notoriously difficult diseases which could prove highly beneficial to mankind in the long run.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elna Paul Chalisserry
- Interdisciplinary Program of Marine-Bio, Electrical & Mechanical Engineering, Pukyong National University, Busan, Korea
- Center for Marine-Integrated Biomedical Technology (BK21 Plus), Pukyong National University, Busan, Korea
| | - Seung Yun Nam
- Interdisciplinary Program of Marine-Bio, Electrical & Mechanical Engineering, Pukyong National University, Busan, Korea
- Center for Marine-Integrated Biomedical Technology (BK21 Plus), Pukyong National University, Busan, Korea
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Pukyong National University, Busan, South Korea
| | - Sang Hyug Park
- Interdisciplinary Program of Marine-Bio, Electrical & Mechanical Engineering, Pukyong National University, Busan, Korea
- Center for Marine-Integrated Biomedical Technology (BK21 Plus), Pukyong National University, Busan, Korea
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Pukyong National University, Busan, South Korea
| | - Sukumaran Anil
- Division of Periodontics, Department of Preventive Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj, Saudi Arabia
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24
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The Neurovascular Properties of Dental Stem Cells and Their Importance in Dental Tissue Engineering. Stem Cells Int 2016; 2016:9762871. [PMID: 27688777 PMCID: PMC5027319 DOI: 10.1155/2016/9762871] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2016] [Accepted: 08/01/2016] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Within the field of tissue engineering, natural tissues are reconstructed by combining growth factors, stem cells, and different biomaterials to serve as a scaffold for novel tissue growth. As adequate vascularization and innervation are essential components for the viability of regenerated tissues, there is a high need for easily accessible stem cells that are capable of supporting these functions. Within the human tooth and its surrounding tissues, different stem cell populations can be distinguished, such as dental pulp stem cells, stem cells from human deciduous teeth, stem cells from the apical papilla, dental follicle stem cells, and periodontal ligament stem cells. Given their straightforward and relatively easy isolation from extracted third molars, dental stem cells (DSCs) have become an attractive source of mesenchymal-like stem cells. Over the past decade, there have been numerous studies supporting the angiogenic, neuroprotective, and neurotrophic effects of the DSC secretome. Together with their ability to differentiate into endothelial cells and neural cell types, this makes DSCs suitable candidates for dental tissue engineering and nerve injury repair.
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25
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Zhou JY, Zhang Z, Qian GS. Mesenchymal stem cells to treat diabetic neuropathy: a long and strenuous way from bench to the clinic. Cell Death Discov 2016; 2:16055. [PMID: 27551543 PMCID: PMC4979500 DOI: 10.1038/cddiscovery.2016.55] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2016] [Revised: 05/23/2016] [Accepted: 06/11/2016] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
As one of the most common complications of diabetes, diabetic neuropathy often causes foot ulcers and even limb amputations. Inspite of continuous development in antidiabetic drugs, there is still no efficient therapy to cure diabetic neuropathy. Diabetic neuropathy shows declined vascularity in peripheral nerves and lack of angiogenic and neurotrophic factors. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have been indicated as a novel emerging regenerative therapy for diabetic neuropathy because of their multipotency. We will briefly review the pathogenesis of diabetic neuropathy, characteristic of MSCs, effects of MSC therapies for diabetic neuropathy and its related mechanisms. In order to treat diabetic neuropathy, neurotrophic or angiogenic factors in the form of protein or gene therapy are delivered to diabetic neuropathy, but therapeutic efficiencies are very modest if not ineffective. MSC treatment reverses manifestations of diabetic neuropathy. MSCs have an important role to repair tissue and to lower blood glucose level. MSCs even paracrinely secrete neurotrophic factors, angiogenic factors, cytokines, and immunomodulatory substances to ameliorate diabetic neuropathy. There are still several challenges in the clinical translation of MSC therapy, such as safety, optimal dose of administration, optimal mode of cell delivery, issues of MSC heterogeneity, clinically meaningful engraftment, autologous or allogeneic approach, challenges with cell manufacture, and further mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Y Zhou
- National Drug Clinical Trial Institution, Xinqiao Hospital, Third Military Medical University , Chongqing 400037, China
| | - Z Zhang
- National Drug Clinical Trial Institution, Xinqiao Hospital, Third Military Medical University , Chongqing 400037, China
| | - G S Qian
- Institute of Respiratory Diseases, Xinqiao Hospital, Third Military Medical University , Chongqing, 400037, China
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26
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Multipotent Differentiation of Human Dental Pulp Stem Cells: a Literature Review. Stem Cell Rev Rep 2016; 12:511-523. [DOI: 10.1007/s12015-016-9661-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 159] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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27
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Bianco J, De Berdt P, Deumens R, des Rieux A. Taking a bite out of spinal cord injury: do dental stem cells have the teeth for it? Cell Mol Life Sci 2016; 73:1413-37. [PMID: 26768693 PMCID: PMC11108394 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-015-2126-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2015] [Revised: 12/16/2015] [Accepted: 12/22/2015] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Dental stem cells are an emerging star on a stage that is already quite populated. Recently, there has been a lot of hype concerning these cells in dental therapies, especially in regenerative endodontics. It is fitting that most research is concentrated on dental regeneration, although other uses for these cells need to be explored in more detail. Being a true mesenchymal stem cell, their capacities could also prove beneficial in areas outside their natural environment. One such field is the central nervous system, and in particular, repairing the injured spinal cord. One of the most formidable challenges in regenerative medicine is to restore function to the injured spinal cord, and as yet, a cure for paralysis remains to be discovered. A variety of approaches have already been tested, with graft-based strategies utilising cells harbouring appropriate properties for neural regeneration showing encouraging results. Here we present a review focusing on properties of dental stem cells that endorse their use in regenerative medicine, with particular emphasis on repairing the damaged spinal cord.
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Affiliation(s)
- John Bianco
- Louvain Drug Research Institute, Advanced Drug Delivery and Biomaterials, Université catholique de Louvain, Avenue Mounier, 73, B1 73.12, 1200, Brussels, Belgium.
- Integrated Center for Cell Therapy and Regenerative Medicine, International Clinical Research Center (FNUSA-ICRC), St. Anne's University Hospital Brno, Pekařská 53, 656 91, Brno, Czech Republic.
| | - Pauline De Berdt
- Louvain Drug Research Institute, Advanced Drug Delivery and Biomaterials, Université catholique de Louvain, Avenue Mounier, 73, B1 73.12, 1200, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Ronald Deumens
- Institute of Neuroscience, Université catholique de Louvain, Avenue Hippocrate B1.54.10, 1200, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Anne des Rieux
- Louvain Drug Research Institute, Advanced Drug Delivery and Biomaterials, Université catholique de Louvain, Avenue Mounier, 73, B1 73.12, 1200, Brussels, Belgium
- Institute of Condensed Matter and Nanosciences, Université catholique de Louvain, 1348, Louvain-La-Neuve, Belgium
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Zhu B, Caldwell M, Song B. Development of stem cell-based therapies for Parkinson's disease. Int J Neurosci 2016; 126:955-62. [DOI: 10.3109/00207454.2016.1148034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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29
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Zhao C, Li H, Zhao XJ, Liu ZX, Zhou P, Liu Y, Feng MJ. Heat shock protein 60 affects behavioral improvement in a rat model of Parkinson’s disease grafted with human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cell-derived dopaminergic-like neurons. Neurochem Res 2016; 41:1238-49. [DOI: 10.1007/s11064-015-1816-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2015] [Revised: 11/19/2015] [Accepted: 12/23/2015] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
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Bladder Smooth Muscle Cells Differentiation from Dental Pulp Stem Cells: Future Potential for Bladder Tissue Engineering. Stem Cells Int 2016; 2016:6979368. [PMID: 26880982 PMCID: PMC4736571 DOI: 10.1155/2016/6979368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2015] [Revised: 09/14/2015] [Accepted: 09/27/2015] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs) are multipotent cells capable of differentiating into multiple cell lines, thus providing an alternative source of cell for tissue engineering. Smooth muscle cell (SMC) regeneration is a crucial step in tissue engineering of the urinary bladder. It is known that DPSCs have the potential to differentiate into a smooth muscle phenotype in vitro with differentiation agents. However, most of these studies are focused on the vascular SMCs. The optimal approaches to induce human DPSCs to differentiate into bladder SMCs are still under investigation. We demonstrate in this study the ability of human DPSCs to differentiate into bladder SMCs in a growth environment containing bladder SMCs-conditioned medium with the addition of the transforming growth factor beta 1 (TGF-β1). After 14 days of exposure to this medium, the gene and protein expression of SMC-specific marker (α-SMA, desmin, and calponin) increased over time. In particular, myosin was present in differentiated cells after 11 days of induction, which indicated that the cells differentiated into the mature SMCs. These data suggested that human DPSCs could be used as an alternative and less invasive source of stem cells for smooth muscle regeneration, a technology that has applications for bladder tissue engineering.
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Liu Z, Chen HQ, Huang Y, Qiu YH, Peng YP. Transforming growth factor-β1 acts via TβR-I on microglia to protect against MPP(+)-induced dopaminergic neuronal loss. Brain Behav Immun 2016; 51:131-143. [PMID: 26254549 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbi.2015.08.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2014] [Revised: 07/07/2015] [Accepted: 08/04/2015] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Neuroinflammation is associated with pathogenesis of Parkinson's disease (PD), a neurodegenerative disorder characterized by a progressive loss of dopaminergic (DAergic) neurons within the substantia nigra. Transforming growth factor (TGF)-β1 exerts anti-inflammatory and neuroprotective properties. However, it is unclear if microglia are required for TGF-β1 neuroprotection in PD. Here we used both shRNA and pharmacologic inhibition to determine the role of microglial TGF-β receptor (TβR)-I and its downstream signaling pathways in 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium (MPP(+))-induced DAergic neuronal toxicity. As expected, MPP(+) reduced the number of tyrosine hydroxylase (TH)-immunoreactive cells in ventral mesencephalic cell cultures. We found that MPP(+) activated microglia as determined by an upregulation in expression of CD11b and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), an increase in expression and secretion of tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α and interleukin (IL)-1β, and a decrease in expression and secretion of the neurotrophic factor, insulin-like growth factor (IGF)-1. Pretreatment with TGF-β1 significantly inhibited all these changes caused by MPP(+). Expression of microglial TβR-I was upregulated by TGF-β1. Silencing of the TβR-I gene in microglia abolished both the neuroprotective and anti-inflammatory properties of TGF-β1. TGF-β1 increased microglial p38 MAPK and Akt phosphorylation, both of which were blocked by the p38 inhibitor SB203580 and the PI3K inhibitor LY294002, respectively. Pretreatment of microglia with either SB203580 or LY294002 impaired the ability of TGF-β1 to inhibit MPP(+)-induced DAergic neuronal loss and microglial activation. These findings establish that TGF-β1 activates TβR-I and its downstream p38 MAPK and PI3K-Akt signaling pathways in microglia to protect against DAergic neuronal loss that characterizes in PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhan Liu
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, and Co-innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, 19 Qixiu Road, Nantong, Jiangsu Province 226001, China
| | - Hui-Qiao Chen
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, and Co-innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, 19 Qixiu Road, Nantong, Jiangsu Province 226001, China
| | - Yan Huang
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, and Co-innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, 19 Qixiu Road, Nantong, Jiangsu Province 226001, China
| | - Yi-Hua Qiu
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, and Co-innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, 19 Qixiu Road, Nantong, Jiangsu Province 226001, China.
| | - Yu-Ping Peng
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, and Co-innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, 19 Qixiu Road, Nantong, Jiangsu Province 226001, China.
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Cryopreservation and Banking of Dental Stem Cells. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2016; 951:199-235. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-45457-3_17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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Regenerative Applications Using Tooth Derived Stem Cells in Other Than Tooth Regeneration: A Literature Review. Stem Cells Int 2015; 2016:9305986. [PMID: 26798366 PMCID: PMC4699044 DOI: 10.1155/2016/9305986] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2015] [Revised: 09/03/2015] [Accepted: 09/08/2015] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Tooth derived stem cells or dental stem cells are categorized according to the location from which they are isolated and represent a promising source of cells for regenerative medicine. Originally, as one kind of mesenchymal stem cells, they are considered an alternative of bone marrow stromal cells. They share many commonalties but maintain differences. Considering their original function in development and the homeostasis of tooth structures, many applications of these cells in dentistry have aimed at tooth structure regeneration; however, the application in other than tooth structures has been attempted extensively. The availability from discarded or removed teeth can be an innate benefit as a source of autologous cells. Their origin from the neural crest results in exploitation of neurological and numerous other applications. This review briefly highlights current and future perspectives of the regenerative applications of tooth derived stem cells in areas beyond tooth regeneration.
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34
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Dental pulp stem cells suppress the proliferation of lymphocytes via transforming growth factor-β1. Hum Cell 2015; 28:81-90. [DOI: 10.1007/s13577-014-0106-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2014] [Accepted: 12/24/2014] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
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Barachini S, Danti S, Pacini S, D’Alessandro D, Carnicelli V, Trombi L, Moscato S, Mannari C, Cei S, Petrini M. Plasticity of human dental pulp stromal cells with bioengineering platforms: A versatile tool for regenerative medicine. Micron 2014; 67:155-168. [DOI: 10.1016/j.micron.2014.07.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2014] [Revised: 07/15/2014] [Accepted: 07/20/2014] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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36
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Zhang XY, Chen L, Yang Y, Xu DM, Zhang SR, Li CT, Zheng W, Yu SY, Wei EQ, Zhang LH. Regulation of rotenone-induced microglial activation by 5-lipoxygenase and cysteinyl leukotriene receptor 1. Brain Res 2014; 1572:59-71. [DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2014.05.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2013] [Revised: 04/15/2014] [Accepted: 05/13/2014] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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Young F, Sloan A, Song B. Dental pulp stem cells and their potential roles in central nervous system regeneration and repair. J Neurosci Res 2013; 91:1383-93. [PMID: 23996516 DOI: 10.1002/jnr.23250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2013] [Revised: 04/12/2013] [Accepted: 04/15/2013] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Functional recovery from injuries to the brain or spinal cord represents a major clinical challenge. The transplantation of stem cells, traditionally isolated from embryonic tissue, may help to reduce damage following such events and promote regeneration and repair through both direct cell replacement and neurotrophic mechanisms. However, the therapeutic potential of using embryonic stem/progenitor cells is significantly restricted by the availability of embryonic tissues and associated ethical issues. Populations of stem cells reside within the dental pulp, representing an alternative source of cells that can be isolated with minimal invasiveness, and thus should illicit fewer moral objections, as a replacement for embryonic/fetal-derived stem cells. Here we discuss the similarities between dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs) and the endogenous stem cells of the central nervous system (CNS) and their ability to differentiate into neuronal cell types. We also consider in vitro and in vivo studies demonstrating the ability of DPSCs to help protect against and repair neuronal damage, suggesting that dental pulp may provide a viable alternative source of stem cells for replacement therapy following CNS damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fraser Young
- Tissue Engineering and Reparative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom
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38
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Human dental mesenchymal stem cells and neural regeneration. Hum Cell 2013; 26:91-6. [PMID: 23817972 DOI: 10.1007/s13577-013-0069-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2013] [Accepted: 06/08/2013] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Nerve tissue presents inherent difficulties for its effective regeneration. Stem cell transplantation is considered an auspicious treatment for neuronal injuries. Recently, human dental mesenchymal stem cells (DMSCs) have received extensive attention in the field of regenerative medicine due to their accessibility and multipotency. Since their origin is within the neural crest, they can be differentiated into neural crest-derived cells including neuron and glia cells both in vitro and in vivo. DMSCs are also able to secrete a wide variety of neurotrophins and chemokines, which promote neuronal cells to survival and differentiation. Experimental evidence has shown that human DMSCs engraftment recovered neuronal tissue damage in animal models of central nervous system injuries. Human DMSCs can be a new hope for treatment of nervous system diseases and deficits such as spinal cord injury, stroke and Parkinson's disease.
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Picchi J, Trombi L, Spugnesi L, Barachini S, Maroni G, Brodano GB, Boriani S, Valtieri M, Petrini M, Magli MC. HOX and TALE signatures specify human stromal stem cell populations from different sources. J Cell Physiol 2013; 228:879-89. [PMID: 23018864 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.24239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2012] [Accepted: 09/24/2012] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Human stromal stem cell populations reside in different tissues and anatomical sites, however a critical question related to their efficient use in regenerative medicine is whether they exhibit equivalent biological properties. Here, we compared cellular and molecular characteristics of stromal stem cells derived from the bone marrow, at different body sites (iliac crest, sternum, and vertebrae) and other tissues (dental pulp and colon). In particular, we investigated whether homeobox genes of the HOX and TALE subfamilies might provide suitable markers to identify distinct stromal cell populations, as HOX proteins control cell positional identity and, together with their co-factors TALE, are involved in orchestrating differentiation of adult tissues. Our results show that stromal populations from different sources, although immunophenotypically similar, display distinct HOX and TALE signatures, as well as different growth and differentiation abilities. Stromal stem cells from different tissues are characterized by specific HOX profiles, differing in the number and type of active genes, as well as in their level of expression. Conversely, bone marrow-derived cell populations can be essentially distinguished for the expression levels of specific HOX members, strongly suggesting that quantitative differences in HOX activity may be crucial. Taken together, our data indicate that the HOX and TALE profiles provide positional, embryological and hierarchical identity of human stromal stem cells. Furthermore, our data suggest that cell populations derived from different body sites may not represent equivalent cell sources for cell-based therapeutical strategies for regeneration and repair of specific tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacopo Picchi
- Institute of Biomedical Technologies, National Research Council, Pisa, Italy
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40
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Fortino VR, Pelaez D, Cheung HS. Concise review: stem cell therapies for neuropathic pain. Stem Cells Transl Med 2013; 2:394-9. [PMID: 23572051 DOI: 10.5966/sctm.2012-0122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Neuropathic pain is a chronic condition that is heterogeneous in nature and has different causes. Different from and more burdensome than nociceptive pain, neuropathic pain more severely affects people's quality of life. Understanding the various mechanisms of the onset and progression of neuropathic pain is important in the development of an effective treatment. Research is being done to replace current pharmacological treatments with cellular therapies that will have longer lasting effects. Stem cells present an exciting potential therapy for neuropathic pain. In this review, we describe the neuroprotective effects of stem cells along with special emphasis on the current translational research using stem cells to treat neuropathic pain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Veronica R Fortino
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Miami, Coral Gables, FL, USA
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41
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DeBowes SL, Tolle SL, Bruhn AM. Parkinson’s disease: considerations for dental hygienists. Int J Dent Hyg 2012; 11:15-21. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1601-5037.2012.00548.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
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42
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Aanismaa R, Hautala J, Vuorinen A, Miettinen S, Narkilahti S. Human dental pulp stem cells differentiate into neural precursors but not into mature functional neurons. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012. [DOI: 10.4236/scd.2012.23013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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43
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Snyder BR, Cheng PH, Yang J, Yang SH, Huang AHC, Chan AWS. Characterization of dental pulp stem/stromal cells of Huntington monkey tooth germs. BMC Cell Biol 2011; 12:39. [PMID: 21910887 PMCID: PMC3189880 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2121-12-39] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2011] [Accepted: 09/12/2011] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Dental pulp stem/stromal cells (DPSCs) are categorized as adult stem cells (ASCs) that retain multipotent differentiation capabilities. DPSCs can be isolated from individuals at any age and are considered to be true personal stem cells, making DPSCs one of the potential options for stem cell therapy. However, the properties of DPSCs from individuals with an inherited genetic disorder, such as Huntington's disease (HD), have not been fully investigated. Results To examine if mutant huntingtin (htt) protein impacts DPSC properties, we have established DPSCs from tooth germ of transgenic monkeys that expressed both mutant htt and green fluorescent protein (GFP) genes (rHD/G-DPSCs), and from a monkey that expressed only the GFP gene (rG-DPSCs), which served as a control. Although mutant htt and oligomeric htt aggregates were overtly present in rHD/G-DPSCs, all rHD/G-DPSCs and rG-DPSCs shared similar characteristics, including self-renewal, multipotent differentiation capabilities, expression of stemness and differentiation markers, and cell surface antigen profile. Conclusions Our results suggest that DPSCs from Huntington monkeys retain ASC properties. Thus DPSCs derived from individuals with genetic disorders such as HD could be a potential source of personal stem cells for therapeutic purposes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brooke R Snyder
- Yerkes National Primate Research Center, 954 Gatewood Rd., NE Atlanta, GA 30329, USA
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