1
|
Leung ECH, Jain P, Michealson MA, Choi H, Ellsworth-Kopkowski A, Valenzuela CF. Recent breakthroughs in understanding the cerebellum's role in fetal alcohol spectrum disorder: A systematic review. Alcohol 2023; 119:37-71. [PMID: 38097146 PMCID: PMC11166889 DOI: 10.1016/j.alcohol.2023.12.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2023] [Revised: 12/07/2023] [Accepted: 12/08/2023] [Indexed: 06/14/2024]
Abstract
Exposure to alcohol during fetal development can lead to structural and functional abnormalities in the cerebellum, a brain region responsible for motor coordination, balance, and specific cognitive functions. In this systematic review, we comprehensively analyze a vast body of research conducted on vertebrate animals and humans over the past 13 years. We identified studies through PubMed and screened them following PRISMA guidelines. Data extraction and quality analysis were conducted using Covidence systematic review software. A total of 108 studies met our inclusion criteria, with the majority (79 studies) involving vertebrate animal models and 29 studies focusing on human subjects. Animal models included zebrafish, mice, rats, sheep, and non-human primates, investigating the impact of ethanol on cerebellar structure, gene/protein expression, physiology, and cerebellar-dependent behaviors. Additionally, some animal studies explored potential therapeutic interventions against ethanol-induced cerebellar damage. The human studies predominantly adopted cohort designs, exploring the effects of prenatal alcohol exposure on cerebellar structure and function. Certain human studies delved into innovative cerebellar-based diagnostic approaches for fetal alcohol spectrum disorder (FASD). The collective findings from these studies clearly indicate that the cerebellum is involved in various neurophysiological deficits associated with FASD, emphasizing the importance of evaluating both cerebellar structure and function in the diagnostic process for this condition. Moreover, this review sheds light into potential therapeutic strategies that can mitigate prenatal alcohol exposure-induced cerebellar damage.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Eric C H Leung
- Department of Neurosciences, School of Medicine, University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center, Albuquerque, NM 87131, United States
| | - Priyanka Jain
- Department of Neurosciences, School of Medicine, University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center, Albuquerque, NM 87131, United States
| | - Marisa A Michealson
- Department of Neurosciences, School of Medicine, University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center, Albuquerque, NM 87131, United States
| | - Hyesun Choi
- Department of Neurosciences, School of Medicine, University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center, Albuquerque, NM 87131, United States
| | - Alexis Ellsworth-Kopkowski
- Health Sciences Library & Informatics Center, University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center, Albuquerque, NM 87131, United States
| | - C Fernando Valenzuela
- Department of Neurosciences, School of Medicine, University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center, Albuquerque, NM 87131, United States.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Modified climbing fiber/Purkinje cell synaptic connectivity in the cerebellum of the neonatal phencyclidine model of schizophrenia. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2022; 119:e2122544119. [PMID: 35588456 PMCID: PMC9173783 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2122544119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Synaptogenesis and neural network remodeling are at their maximum during the perinatal period of human brain development. Perturbations of this highly sensitive stage might underlie the etiology of neurodevelopmental disorders. Subchronic neonatal administration of phencyclidine, a drug of abuse, has been used to model schizophrenia in rodents. In this model, we found specific long-term synaptic changes in Purkinje cells and transient gene expression changes in the cerebellum. While transient increased neuronal activity in the cerebellum, induced using chemogenetics, reproduces some phencyclidine-induced molecular changes, it is insufficient to reproduce the long-term synaptic effects. Our results show the complex mechanism of action of phencyclidine on the development of neuronal connectivity and further highlight the potential contribution of cerebellar defects in psychiatric diseases. Environmental perturbations during the first years of life are a major factor in psychiatric diseases. Phencyclidine (PCP), a drug of abuse, has psychomimetic effects, and neonatal subchronic administration of PCP in rodents leads to long-term behavioral changes relevant for schizophrenia. The cerebellum is increasingly recognized for its role in diverse cognitive functions. However, little is known about potential cerebellar changes in models of schizophrenia. Here, we analyzed the characteristics of the cerebellum in the neonatal subchronic PCP model. We found that, while the global cerebellar cytoarchitecture and Purkinje cell spontaneous spiking properties are unchanged, climbing fiber/Purkinje cell synaptic connectivity is increased in juvenile mice. Neonatal subchronic administration of PCP is accompanied by increased cFos expression, a marker of neuronal activity, and transient modification of the neuronal surfaceome in the cerebellum. The largest change observed is the overexpression of Ctgf, a gene previously suggested as a biomarker for schizophrenia. This neonatal increase in Ctgf can be reproduced by increasing neuronal activity in the cerebellum during the second postnatal week using chemogenetics. However, it does not lead to increased climbing fiber/Purkinje cell connectivity in juvenile mice, showing the complexity of PCP action. Overall, our study shows that administration of the drug of abuse PCP during the developmental period of intense cerebellar synaptogenesis and circuit remodeling has long-term and specific effects on Purkinje cell connectivity and warrants the search for this type of synaptic changes in psychiatric diseases.
Collapse
|
3
|
da Silva FBR, Cunha PA, Ribera PC, Barros MA, Cartágenes SC, Fernandes LMP, Teixeira FB, Fontes-Júnior EA, Prediger RD, Lima RR, Maia CSF. Heavy Chronic Ethanol Exposure From Adolescence to Adulthood Induces Cerebellar Neuronal Loss and Motor Function Damage in Female Rats. Front Behav Neurosci 2018; 12:88. [PMID: 29867389 PMCID: PMC5968384 DOI: 10.3389/fnbeh.2018.00088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2017] [Accepted: 04/20/2018] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Over the last years, heavy ethanol consumption by teenagers/younger adults has increased considerably among females. However, few studies have addressed the long-term impact on brain structures’ morphology and function of chronic exposure to high ethanol doses from adolescence to adulthood in females. In line with this idea, in the current study we investigated whether heavy chronic ethanol exposure during adolescence to adulthood may induce motor impairments and morphological and cellular alterations in the cerebellum of female rats. Adolescent female Wistar rats (35 days old) were treated with distilled water or ethanol (6.5 g/kg/day, 22.5% w/v) during 55 days by gavage. At 90 days of age, motor function of animals was assessed using open field (OF), pole, beam walking and rotarod tests. Following completion of behavioral tests, morphological and immunohistochemical analyses of the cerebellum were performed. Chronic ethanol exposure impaired significantly motor performance of female rats, inducing spontaneous locomotor activity deficits, bradykinesia, incoordination and motor learning disruption. Moreover, histological analysis revealed that ethanol exposure induced atrophy and neuronal loss in the cerebellum. These findings indicate that heavy ethanol exposure during adolescence is associated with long-lasting cerebellar degeneration and motor impairments in female rats.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fernando B R da Silva
- Laboratory of Pharmacology of Inflammation and Behavior (LAFICO), Institute of Health Sciences, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém, Brazil
| | - Polyane A Cunha
- Laboratory of Pharmacology of Inflammation and Behavior (LAFICO), Institute of Health Sciences, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém, Brazil
| | - Paula C Ribera
- Laboratory of Pharmacology of Inflammation and Behavior (LAFICO), Institute of Health Sciences, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém, Brazil
| | - Mayara A Barros
- Laboratory of Pharmacology of Inflammation and Behavior (LAFICO), Institute of Health Sciences, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém, Brazil
| | - Sabrina C Cartágenes
- Laboratory of Pharmacology of Inflammation and Behavior (LAFICO), Institute of Health Sciences, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém, Brazil
| | - Luanna M P Fernandes
- Laboratory of Pharmacology of Inflammation and Behavior (LAFICO), Institute of Health Sciences, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém, Brazil
| | - Francisco B Teixeira
- Laboratory of Functional and Structural Biology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém, Brazil
| | - Enéas A Fontes-Júnior
- Laboratory of Pharmacology of Inflammation and Behavior (LAFICO), Institute of Health Sciences, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém, Brazil
| | - Rui D Prediger
- Laboratório Experimental de Doenças Neurodegenerativas (LEXDON), Department of Pharmacology, Center of Biological Sciences, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Brazil
| | - Rafael R Lima
- Laboratory of Functional and Structural Biology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém, Brazil
| | - Cristiane S F Maia
- Laboratory of Pharmacology of Inflammation and Behavior (LAFICO), Institute of Health Sciences, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Schober ME, Requena DF, Rodesch CK. EPO improved neurologic outcome in rat pups late after traumatic brain injury. Brain Dev 2018; 40:367-375. [PMID: 29429559 PMCID: PMC5878733 DOI: 10.1016/j.braindev.2018.01.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2017] [Revised: 12/11/2017] [Accepted: 01/12/2018] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED In adult rats, erythropoietin improved outcomes early and late after traumatic brain injury, associated with increased levels of Brain Derived Neurotrophic Factor. Using our model of pediatric traumatic brain injury, controlled cortical impact in 17-day old rats, we previously showed that erythropoietin increased hippocampal neuronal fraction in the first two days after injury. Erythropoietin also decreased activation of caspase3, an apoptotic enzyme modulated by Brain Derived Neurotrophic Factor, and improved Novel Object Recognition testing 14 days after injury. Data on long-term effects of erythropoietin on Brain Derived Neurotrophic Factor expression, histology and cognitive function after developmental traumatic brain injury are lacking. We hypothesized that erythropoietin would increase Brain Derived Neurotrophic Factor and improve long-term object recognition in rat pups after controlled cortical impact, associated with increased neuronal fraction in the hippocampus. METHODS Rats pups received erythropoietin or vehicle at 1, 24, and 48 h and 7 days after injury or sham surgery followed by histology at 35 days, Novel Object Recognition testing at adulthood, and Brain Derived Neurotrophic Factor measurements early and late after injury. RESULTS Erythropoietin improved Novel Object Recognition performance and preserved hippocampal volume, but not neuronal fraction, late after injury. CONCLUSIONS Improved object recognition in erythropoietin treated rats was associated with preserved hippocampal volume late after traumatic brain injury. Erythropoietin is approved to treat various pediatric conditions. Coupled with exciting experimental and clinical studies suggesting it is beneficial after neonatal hypoxic ischemic brain injury, our preliminary findings support further study of erythropoietin use after developmental traumatic brain injury.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Michelle E Schober
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Critical Care, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84132, United States.
| | - Daniela F Requena
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Critical Care, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, United States 84132
| | - Christopher K Rodesch
- Core Facilities and Department of Neurobiology and Anatomy, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, United States 84132
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Nirgudkar P, Taylor DH, Yanagawa Y, Valenzuela CF. Ethanol exposure during development reduces GABAergic/glycinergic neuron numbers and lobule volumes in the mouse cerebellar vermis. Neurosci Lett 2016; 632:86-91. [PMID: 27565053 DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2016.08.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2016] [Revised: 08/05/2016] [Accepted: 08/22/2016] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Cerebellar alterations are a hallmark of Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorders and are thought to be responsible for deficits in fine motor control, motor learning, balance, and higher cognitive functions. These deficits are, in part, a consequence of dysfunction of cerebellar circuits. Although the effect of developmental ethanol exposure on Purkinje and granule cells has been previously characterized, its actions on other cerebellar neuronal populations are not fully understood. Here, we assessed the impact of repeated ethanol exposure on the number of inhibitory neurons in the cerebellar vermis. We exposed pregnant mice to ethanol in vapor inhalation chambers during gestational days 12-19 and offspring during postnatal days 2-9. We used transgenic mice expressing the fluorescent protein, Venus, in GABAergic/glycinergic neurons. Using unbiased stereology techniques, we detected a reduction in Venus positive neurons in the molecular and granule cell layers of lobule II in the ethanol exposed group at postnatal day 16. In contrast, ethanol produced a more widespread reduction in Purkinje cell numbers that involved lobules II, IV-V and IX. We also found a reduction in the volume of lobules II, IV-V, VI-VII, IX and X in ethanol-exposed pups. These findings indicate that second and third trimester-equivalent ethanol exposure has a greater impact on Purkinje cells than interneurons in the developing cerebellar vermis. The decrease in the volume of most lobules could be a consequence of a reduction in cell numbers, dendritic arborizations, or axonal projections.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pranita Nirgudkar
- Division of Maternal Fetal Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medicine, University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center, Albuquerque, NM 87131, U.S.A
| | - Devin H Taylor
- Department of Neurosciences, School of Medicine, University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center, Albuquerque, NM 87131, U.S.A
| | - Yuchio Yanagawa
- Department of Genetic and Behavioral Neuroscience, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, Maebashi 371-8511, Japan
| | - C Fernando Valenzuela
- Department of Neurosciences, School of Medicine, University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center, Albuquerque, NM 87131, U.S.A..
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Electrophysiological and Immunohistochemical Evidence for an Increase in GABAergic Inputs and HCN Channels in Purkinje Cells that Survive Developmental Ethanol Exposure. THE CEREBELLUM 2016; 14:398-412. [PMID: 25667035 DOI: 10.1007/s12311-015-0651-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Ethanol exposures during the early postnatal period of the rat result in significant death of Purkinje cells (PCs). The magnitude, time-course, and lobular specificity of PC death have been well characterized in several studies. Additionally, significant reduction of climbing fiber inputs to the surviving PCs has been characterized. This study investigates whether further alterations to the cerebellar cortical circuits might occur as a result of developmental ethanol exposures. We first examined the firing pattern of PCs in acute slice preparations on postnatal days 13-15. While the basic firing frequency was not significantly altered, PCs from rat pups treated with ethanol on postnatal days 4-6 showed a significantly increased number of inhibitory postsynaptic potentials (IPSCs) and a larger Ih current. We conducted immunofluorescent studies to identify the probable cause of the increased IPSCs. We found a significant 21 % increase in the number of basket cells per PC and a near doubling of the volume of co-localized basket cell axonal membrane with PC. In addition, we identified a significant (~147 %) increase in HCN1 channel volume co-localized to PC volume. Therefore, the cerebellar cortex that survives targeted postnatal ethanol exposure is dramatically altered in development subsequent to PC death. The cerebellar cortical circuit that results is one that operates under a significant degree of increased resting inhibition. The alterations in the development of cerebellar circuitry following ethanol exposure, and the significant loss of PCs, could result in modifications of the structure and function of other brain regions that receive cerebellar inputs.
Collapse
|
7
|
Schober ME, Requena DF, Block B, Davis LJ, Rodesch C, Casper TC, Juul SE, Kesner RP, Lane RH. Erythropoietin improved cognitive function and decreased hippocampal caspase activity in rat pups after traumatic brain injury. J Neurotrauma 2014; 31:358-69. [PMID: 23972011 DOI: 10.1089/neu.2013.2922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
UNLABELLED Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a leading cause of acquired neurologic disability in children. Erythropoietin (EPO), an anti-apoptotic cytokine, improved cognitive outcome in adult rats after TBI. To our knowledge, EPO has not been studied in a developmental TBI model. HYPOTHESIS We hypothesized that EPO would improve cognitive outcome and increase neuron fraction in the hippocampus in 17-day-old (P17) rat pups after controlled cortical impact (CCI). METHODS EPO or vehicle was given at 1, 24, and 48 h after CCI and at post injury day (PID) 7. Cognitive outcome at PID14 was assessed using Novel Object Recognition (NOR). Hippocampal EPO levels, caspase activity, and mRNA levels of the apoptosis factors Bcl2, Bax, Bcl-xL, and Bad were measured during the first 14 days after injury. Neuron fraction and caspase activation in CA1, CA3, and DG were studied at PID2. RESULTS EPO normalized recognition memory after CCI. EPO blunted the increased hippocampal caspase activity induced by CCI at PID1, but not at PID2. EPO increased neuron fraction in CA3 at PID2. Brain levels of exogenous EPO appeared low relative to endogenous. Timing of EPO administration was associated with temporal changes in hippocampal mRNA levels of EPO and pro-apoptotic factors. Conclusion/Speculation: EPO improved recognition memory, increased regional hippocampal neuron fraction, and decreased caspase activity in P17 rats after CCI. We speculate that EPO improved cognitive outcome in rat pups after CCI as a result of improved neuronal survival via inhibition of caspase-dependent apoptosis early after injury.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Michelle E Schober
- 1 Department of Pediatrics, Division of Critical Care, University of Utah , Salt Lake City, Utah
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
8
|
Lin CY, Louis ED, Faust PL, Koeppen AH, Vonsattel JPG, Kuo SH. Abnormal climbing fibre-Purkinje cell synaptic connections in the essential tremor cerebellum. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2014; 137:3149-59. [PMID: 25273997 DOI: 10.1093/brain/awu281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 93] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
Structural changes in Purkinje cells have been identified in the essential tremor cerebellum, although the mechanisms that underlie these changes remain poorly understood. Climbing fibres provide one of the major excitatory inputs to Purkinje cells, and climbing fibre-Purkinje cell connections are essential for normal cerebellar-mediated motor control. The distribution of climbing fibre-Purkinje cell synapses on Purkinje cell dendrites is dynamically regulated and may be altered in disease states. The aim of the present study was to examine the density and distribution of climbing fibre-Purkinje cell synapses using post-mortem cerebellar tissue of essential tremor cases and controls. Using vesicular glutamate transporter type 2 immunohistochemistry, we labelled climbing fibre-Purkinje cell synapses of 12 essential tremor cases and 13 age-matched controls from the New York Brain Bank. Normally, climbing fibres form synapses mainly on the thick, proximal Purkinje cell dendrites in the inner portion of the molecular layer, whereas parallel fibres form synapses on the thin, distal Purkinje cell spiny branchlets. We observed that, compared with controls, essential tremor cases had decreased climbing fibre-Purkinje cell synaptic density, more climbing fibres extending to the outer portion of the molecular layer, and more climbing fibre-Purkinje cell synapses on the thin Purkinje cell spiny branchlets. Interestingly, in essential tremor, the increased distribution of climbing fibre-Purkinje cell synapses on the thin Purkinje cell branchlets was inversely associated with clinical tremor severity, indicating a close relationship between the altered distribution of climbing fibre-Purkinje cell connections and tremor. These findings suggest that abnormal climbing fibre-Purkinje cell connections could be of importance in the pathogenesis of essential tremor.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chi-Ying Lin
- 1 Department of Neurology, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Elan D Louis
- 1 Department of Neurology, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA 2 GH Sergievsky Centre, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA 3 Taub Institute for Research of Alzheimer's disease and the Aging Brain, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA 4 Department of Epidemiology, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Phyllis L Faust
- 5 Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Columbia University Medical Centre and the New York Presbyterian Hospital, New York, NY, USA
| | - Arnulf H Koeppen
- 6 Neurology and Research Services, Veterans Affairs Medical Centre, Albany, NY, USA 7 Departments of Neurology and Pathology, Albany Medical College, Albany, NY, USA
| | - Jean-Paul G Vonsattel
- 3 Taub Institute for Research of Alzheimer's disease and the Aging Brain, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA 5 Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Columbia University Medical Centre and the New York Presbyterian Hospital, New York, NY, USA
| | - Sheng-Han Kuo
- 1 Department of Neurology, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Zamudio-Bulcock PA, Morton RA, Valenzuela CF. Third trimester-equivalent ethanol exposure does not alter complex spikes and climbing fiber long-term depression in cerebellar Purkinje neurons from juvenile rats. Alcohol Clin Exp Res 2014; 38:1293-300. [PMID: 24689500 DOI: 10.1111/acer.12362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2013] [Accepted: 12/12/2013] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Studies indicate that exposure to ethanol (EtOH) during fetal development damages cerebellar Purkinje cells (PCs). PC proximal dendrites receive glutamatergic input from climbing fibers (CFs) originating at the inferior olive. CF input produces a characteristic response in PCs known as the complex spike (CS). During the first 2 weeks of life in rodents (equivalent to the human third trimester of pregnancy), CF-PC synapses undergo profound refinement. Here, we characterized the impact of EtOH exposure during this period on CF-evoked responses in PCs. METHODS Using vapor chambers, neonatal rat pups and their mothers were exposed to air or EtOH for 4 h/d between postnatal day 2 (P2) and P12 (pup serum EtOH concentration, 0.16 g/dl). The function of CF-PC synapses was characterized using patch-clamp electrophysiological techniques in acute slices from the cerebellar vermis. Experiments were performed soon after EtOH withdrawal, when perisomatic CFs are still being eliminated (P15 to P17), and after weaning when CF dendritic translocation is almost complete (P21 to P34). RESULTS Neither the baseline characteristics of the CS (Na(+) spike amplitude, area, coastline index, and afterhyperpolarization [AHP] amplitude) nor the type-1 metabotropic glutamate receptor (mGluR1)-mediated component of both the CS and AHP were significantly affected by EtOH exposure at P15 to P17 or P21 to P34. The mGluR1-dependent long-term depression (LTD) of CF-evoked excitatory postsynaptic currents was not significantly affected by EtOH exposure at P21 to P34. CONCLUSIONS EtOH exposure during the third trimester equivalent neither affected basal characteristics of the CS nor CF-LTD at rat cerebellar PCs from juvenile rats.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Paula A Zamudio-Bulcock
- Department of Neurosciences, School of Medicine, University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center, Albuquerque, New Mexico
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
10
|
Oliveira S, Fontanelli BAF, Stefanini M, Chuffa L, Teixeira G, Lizarte F, Tirapelli L, Quitete V, Matheus S, Padovani C, Martinez M, Martinez F. Interaction of maternal separation on the UCh rat Cerebellum. Microsc Res Tech 2013; 77:44-51. [DOI: 10.1002/jemt.22311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2013] [Revised: 10/23/2013] [Accepted: 10/23/2013] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- S.A. Oliveira
- Department of Anatomy, Biosciences Institute; UNESP-Univ. Estadual Paulista; Botucatu SP Brazil
| | - B. A. F. Fontanelli
- Department of Anatomy, Biosciences Institute; UNESP-Univ. Estadual Paulista; Botucatu SP Brazil
| | - M.A. Stefanini
- Department of Morphology and Pathology; UFSCar-Federal University of São Carlos; São Carlos SP Brazil
| | - L.G.A. Chuffa
- Department of Anatomy, Biosciences Institute; UNESP-Univ. Estadual Paulista; Botucatu SP Brazil
| | - G.R. Teixeira
- Department of Anatomy, Biosciences Institute; UNESP-Univ. Estadual Paulista; Botucatu SP Brazil
| | - F.S.N. Lizarte
- Department of Surgery and Anatomy; USP-University of São Paulo; Ribeirão Preto SP Brazil
| | - L.F. Tirapelli
- Department of Surgery and Anatomy; USP-University of São Paulo; Ribeirão Preto SP Brazil
| | - V.H.A. Quitete
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Institute of Biology; State University of Campinas (UNICAMP); Campinas, São Paulo Brazil
| | - S.M.M. Matheus
- Department of Anatomy, Biosciences Institute; UNESP-Univ. Estadual Paulista; Botucatu SP Brazil
| | - C.R. Padovani
- Department of Biostatistics, Biosciences Institute; UNESP-Univ. Estadual Paulista; Botucatu SP Brazil
| | - M. Martinez
- Department of Morphology and Pathology; UFSCar-Federal University of São Carlos; São Carlos SP Brazil
| | - F.E. Martinez
- Department of Anatomy, Biosciences Institute; UNESP-Univ. Estadual Paulista; Botucatu SP Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Lisdahl KM, Thayer R, Squeglia LM, McQueeny TM, Tapert SF. Recent binge drinking predicts smaller cerebellar volumes in adolescents. Psychiatry Res 2013; 211:17-23. [PMID: 23154095 PMCID: PMC3670762 DOI: 10.1016/j.pscychresns.2012.07.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2012] [Revised: 07/23/2012] [Accepted: 07/24/2012] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The current study examined the effects of recent binge drinking on cerebellar morphometry in a sample of healthy adolescents. Participants were 106 teenagers (46 bingers and 60 controls) aged 16-19 who received a high-resolution magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scan. FreeSurfer segmented and quantified the volume of each cerebellum. Maximum drinks during a binge in the past 3 months and duration since last binge were examined as predictors of cerebellar volume, after controlling for potentially confounding variables. In the 106 teens, higher peak drinks predicted smaller left hemisphere cerebellar gray and whitematter, and right hemisphere cerebellar gray matter, and marginally predicted smaller right hemisphere cerebellar white matter. Gender did not moderate these effects. More intense adolescent binge drinking is linked to smaller cerebellar volumes even in healthy teens, above and beyond variability attributable to risk factors for binge drinking. Longitudinal research is needed to see if cerebellar volumes worsen with protracted drinking and recover with abstinence. Interventions aimed at improving brain structure in adolescent binge drinkers are necessary given the high prevalence of risky drinking in youth.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Krista M. Lisdahl
- Department of Psychology, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, Milwaukee, WI and Clinical & Translational Science Institute, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI,VA San Diego Healthcare System and Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Diego, CA,Correspondence concerning the paper should be addressed to Dr. Krista M. Lisdahl, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, 2241 E. Hartford Ave, Milwaukee, Wisconsin 53211. , Phone: 414-229-7159, Fax: 414-229-5219
| | - Rachel Thayer
- San Diego State University/University of California San Diego Joint Doctoral Program in Clinical Psychology, San Diego, CA
| | - Lindsay M. Squeglia
- San Diego State University/University of California San Diego Joint Doctoral Program in Clinical Psychology, San Diego, CA
| | - Tim M. McQueeny
- Department of Psychology, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH
| | - Susan F. Tapert
- VA San Diego Healthcare System and Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Diego, CA
| |
Collapse
|