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Li XT. The modulation of potassium channels by estrogens facilitates neuroprotection. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 10:998009. [PMID: 36393851 PMCID: PMC9643774 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2022.998009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2022] [Accepted: 10/11/2022] [Indexed: 08/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Estrogens, the sex hormones, have the potential to govern multiple cellular functions, such as proliferation, apoptosis, differentiation, and homeostasis, and to exert numerous beneficial influences for the cardiovascular system, nervous system, and bones in genomic and/or non-genomic ways. Converging evidence indicates that estrogens serve a crucial role in counteracting neurodegeneration and ischemic injury; they are thereby being considered as a potent neuroprotectant for preventing neurological diseases such as Alzheimer's disease and stroke. The underlying mechanism of neuroprotective effects conferred by estrogens is thought to be complex and multifactorial, and it remains obscure. It is well established that the K+ channels broadly expressed in a variety of neural subtypes determine the essential physiological features of neuronal excitability, and dysfunction of these channels is closely associated with diverse brain deficits, such as ataxia and epilepsy. A growing body of evidence supports a neuroprotective role of K+ channels in malfunctions of nervous tissues, with the channels even being a therapeutic target in clinical trials. As multitarget steroid hormones, estrogens also regulate the activity of distinct K+ channels to generate varying biological actions, and accumulated data delineate that some aspects of estrogen-mediated neuroprotection may arise from the impact on multiple K+ channels, including Kv, BK, KATP, and K2P channels. The response of these K+ channels after acute or chronic exposure to estrogens may oppose pathological abnormality in nervous cells, which serves to extend our understanding of these phenomena.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xian-Tao Li
- School of Medicine, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China
- Department of Neuroscience, South-Central University for Nationalities, Wuhan, China
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2
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A Network Pharmacology Approach to Investigate the Active Compounds and Mechanisms of Musk for Ischemic Stroke. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2020; 2020:4063180. [PMID: 32714405 PMCID: PMC7354650 DOI: 10.1155/2020/4063180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2020] [Revised: 05/14/2020] [Accepted: 06/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Objectives This study aims to study the material basis and effective mechanism of musk for ischemic stroke (IS) based on the network pharmacology approach. Methods We collected the chemical components and target gene of musk from the BATMAN-TCM analytical platform and identified ischemic stroke-related targets from the following databases: DisGeNET, NCBI-Gene, HPO, OMIM, DrugBank, and TTD. The targets of musk and IS were uploaded to the String database to construct the protein-protein interaction (PPI) network, and then, the key targets were analyzed by topological methods. At last, the function biological process and signaling pathways of key targets were carried out by Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway enrichment analysis and cluster analysis by using the Database for Annotation, Visualization, and Integrated Discovery (DAVID) server and Metascape platform. Results A total of 29 active compounds involving 1081 predicted targets were identified in musk and there were 1104 IS-related targets. And 88 key targets of musk for IS were obtained including AKT1, MAPK1/3, TP53, TNF, SRC, FOS, CASP3, JUN, NOS3, and IL1B. The GO and KEGG enrichment analysis suggested that these key targets are mainly involved in multiple pathways which participated in TNF signaling pathway, estrogen signaling pathway, prolactin signaling pathway, neurotrophin signaling pathway, T-cell receptor signaling pathway, cAMP signaling pathway, FoxO signaling pathway, and HIF1 signaling pathway. Conclusion This study revealed that the effective mechanisms of musk against IS would be associated with the regulation of apoptosis, inflammatory response, and gene transcription.
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3
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Sexual hormones regulate the redox status and mitochondrial function in the brain. Pathological implications. Redox Biol 2020; 31:101505. [PMID: 32201220 PMCID: PMC7212485 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2020.101505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2019] [Revised: 02/11/2020] [Accepted: 03/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Compared to other organs, the brain is especially exposed to oxidative stress. In general, brains from young females tend to present lower oxidative damage in comparison to their male counterparts. This has been attributed to higher antioxidant defenses and a better mitochondrial function in females, which has been linked to neuroprotection in this group. However, these differences usually disappear with aging, and the incidence of brain pathologies increases in aged females. Sexual hormones, which suffer a decrease with normal aging, have been proposed as the key factors involved in these gender differences. Here, we provide an overview of redox status and mitochondrial function regulation by sexual hormones and their influence in normal brain aging. Furthermore, we discuss how sexual hormones, as well as phytoestrogens, may play an important role in the development and progression of several brain pathologies, including neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's and Parkinson's diseases, stroke or brain cancer. Sex hormones are reduced with aging, especially in females, affecting redox balance. Normal aging is associated to a worse redox homeostasis in the brain. Young females show better mitochondrial function and higher antioxidant defenses. Development of brain pathologies is influenced by sex hormones and phytoestrogens.
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4
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Zhou R, Leng T, Yang T, Chen F, Hu W, Xiong ZG. β-Estradiol Protects Against Acidosis-Mediated and Ischemic Neuronal Injury by Promoting ASIC1a (Acid-Sensing Ion Channel 1a) Protein Degradation. Stroke 2019; 50:2902-2911. [PMID: 31412757 PMCID: PMC6756944 DOI: 10.1161/strokeaha.119.025940] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Background and Purpose- Sex differences in the incidence and outcome of stroke have been well documented. The severity of stroke in women is, in general, significantly lower than that in men, which is mediated, at least in part, by the protective effects of β-estradiol. However, the detailed mechanisms underlying the neuroprotection by β-estradiol are still elusive. Recent studies have demonstrated that activation of ASIC1a (acid-sensing ion channel 1a) by tissue acidosis, a common feature of brain ischemia, plays an important role in ischemic brain injury. In the present study, we assessed the effects of β-estradiol on acidosis-mediated and ischemic neuronal injury both in vitro and in vivo and explored the involvement of ASIC1a and underlying mechanism. Methods- Cultured neurons and NS20Y cells were subjected to acidosis-mediated injury in vitro. Cell viability and cytotoxicity were measured by methylthiazolyldiphenyl-tetrazolium bromide and lactate dehydrogenase assays, respectively. Transient (60 minutes) focal ischemia in mice was induced by suture occlusion of the middle cerebral artery in vivo. ASIC currents were recorded using whole-cell patch-clamp technique while intracellular Ca2+ concentration was measured with fluorescence imaging using Fura-2. ASIC1a expression was detected by Western blotting and quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction. Results- Treatment of neuronal cells with β-estradiol decreased acidosis-induced cytotoxicity. ASIC currents and acid-induced elevation of intracellular Ca2+ were all attenuated by β-estradiol treatment. In addition, we showed that β-estradiol treatment reduced ASIC1a protein expression, which was mediated by increased protein degradation, and that estrogen receptor α was involved. Finally, we showed that the level of ASIC1a protein expression in brain tissues and the degree of neuroprotection by ASIC1a blockade were lower in female mice, which could be attenuated by ovariectomy. Conclusions- β-estradiol can protect neurons against acidosis-mediated neurotoxicity and ischemic brain injury by suppressing ASIC1a protein expression and channel function. Visual Overview- An online visual overview is available for this article.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renpeng Zhou
- From the Department of Pharmacology, the Second Hospital of Anhui Medical University, China (R.Z., W.H.)
- Department of Neurobiology, Morehouse School of Medicine, Atlanta (R.Z., T.L., T.Y., Z.X.)
| | - Tiandong Leng
- Department of Neurobiology, Morehouse School of Medicine, Atlanta (R.Z., T.L., T.Y., Z.X.)
| | - Tao Yang
- Department of Neurobiology, Morehouse School of Medicine, Atlanta (R.Z., T.L., T.Y., Z.X.)
| | - Feihu Chen
- Department of Basic and Clinical Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, China (F.C.)
| | - Wei Hu
- From the Department of Pharmacology, the Second Hospital of Anhui Medical University, China (R.Z., W.H.)
| | - Zhi-Gang Xiong
- Department of Neurobiology, Morehouse School of Medicine, Atlanta (R.Z., T.L., T.Y., Z.X.)
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5
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Schneider MA, Spritzer PM, Minuzzi L, Frey BN, Syan SK, Fighera TM, Schwarz K, Costa ÂB, da Silva DC, Garcia CCG, Fontanari AMV, Real AG, Anes M, Castan JU, Cunegatto FR, Lobato MIR. Effects of Estradiol Therapy on Resting-State Functional Connectivity of Transgender Women After Gender-Affirming Related Gonadectomy. Front Neurosci 2019; 13:817. [PMID: 31440128 PMCID: PMC6692765 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2019.00817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2019] [Accepted: 07/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
An extreme incongruence between sex and gender identity leads individuals with gender dysphoria (GD) to seek cross-sex hormone therapy (CSHT), and gender-affirming surgery (GAS). Although few studies have investigated the effects of CSHT on the brain prior to GAS, no studies in the extant literature have evaluated its impact during hypogonadism in post-GAS individuals. Here, we aimed to evaluate the effects of estradiol on resting-state functional connectivity (rs-FC) of the sensorimotor cortex (SMC) and basal ganglia following surgical hypogonadism. Eighteen post-GAS (male-to-female) participants underwent functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) and neuropsychiatric and hormonal assessment at two time points (t1, hormonal washout; t2, CSHT reintroduction). Based on the literature, the thalamus was selected as a seed, while the SMC and the dorsolateral striatum were targets for seed-based functional connectivity (sbFC). A second sbFC investigation consisted of a whole-brain voxel exploratory analysis again using the thalamus as a seed. A final complementary data-driven approach using multivoxel pattern analysis (MVPA) was conducted to identify a potential seed for further sbFC analyses. An increase in the rs-FC between the left thalamus and the left SCM/putamen followed CSHT. MVPA identified a cluster within the subcallosal cortex (SubCalC) representing the highest variation in peak activation between time points. Setting the SubCalC as a seed, whole-brain analysis showed a decoupling between the SubCalC and the medial frontal cortex during CSHT. These results indicate that CSHT with estradiol post-GAS, modulates rs-FC in regions engaged in cognitive, emotional, and sensorimotor processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maiko A Schneider
- Gender Identity Program (PROTIG), Psychiatric Service, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Brazil.,Mood Disorders Program, Women's Health Concerns Clinic, St. Joseph's Healthcare Hamilton, Hamilton, ON, Canada.,Department of Psychiatry and Behavioural Neurosciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Poli M Spritzer
- Gender Identity Program (PROTIG), Psychiatric Service, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Brazil.,Department of Physiology, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil.,Division of Endocrinoloy, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Luciano Minuzzi
- Mood Disorders Program, Women's Health Concerns Clinic, St. Joseph's Healthcare Hamilton, Hamilton, ON, Canada.,Department of Psychiatry and Behavioural Neurosciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada.,Neuroscience Graduate Program, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Benicio N Frey
- Mood Disorders Program, Women's Health Concerns Clinic, St. Joseph's Healthcare Hamilton, Hamilton, ON, Canada.,Department of Psychiatry and Behavioural Neurosciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada.,Neuroscience Graduate Program, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Sabrina K Syan
- Mood Disorders Program, Women's Health Concerns Clinic, St. Joseph's Healthcare Hamilton, Hamilton, ON, Canada.,Peter Boris Centre for Addictions Research, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Tayane M Fighera
- Gender Identity Program (PROTIG), Psychiatric Service, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Brazil.,Division of Endocrinoloy, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Karine Schwarz
- Gender Identity Program (PROTIG), Psychiatric Service, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Ângelo B Costa
- Graduate Program in Psychology, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Dhiordan C da Silva
- Gender Identity Program (PROTIG), Psychiatric Service, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Brazil.,Post-Graduation Program, Universidade Federal do Rio Grand do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Cláudia C G Garcia
- Gender Identity Program (PROTIG), Psychiatric Service, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Brazil.,Post-Graduation Program, Universidade Federal do Rio Grand do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Anna M V Fontanari
- Gender Identity Program (PROTIG), Psychiatric Service, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Brazil.,Post-Graduation Program, Universidade Federal do Rio Grand do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - André G Real
- Gender Identity Program (PROTIG), Psychiatric Service, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Brazil.,Post-Graduation Program, Universidade Federal do Rio Grand do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Maurício Anes
- Medical Physics and Radiation Protection Service, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Juliana U Castan
- Gender Identity Program (PROTIG), Psychiatric Service, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Brazil.,Psychology Service, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | | | - Maria I R Lobato
- Gender Identity Program (PROTIG), Psychiatric Service, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Brazil.,Post-Graduation Program, Universidade Federal do Rio Grand do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil.,Psychiatric and Forensic Medical Service, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Brazil
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Mohamed SK, Ahmed AAE, Elmorsy EM, Nofal S. ERK activation by zeranol has neuroprotective effect in cerebral ischemia reperfusion. Life Sci 2019; 227:137-144. [PMID: 31005550 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2019.04.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2019] [Revised: 04/02/2019] [Accepted: 04/15/2019] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Incidence of stroke increases in postmenopausal women with dangerous consequences. In this study we used zeranol to protect ovariectomized (OVX) rats against cerebral I/R damage and our target is to identify the mechanism of its protection, in addition to investigating whether this mechanism inhibits inflammation (by preventing glial cell activation) and apoptosis. MAIN METHODS First 18 ovariectomized rats were allocated into 3 groups: I/R group, zeranol+ I/R group and U0126, MEK1/2 inhibitor + zeranol+ I/R group. After 24 h reperfusion, protein expression of total extracellular signal-regulated protein kinase (t-ERK1/2), phosphorylated extracellular signal-regulated protein kinase (p-ERK1/2), Bcl-2, and Bax were quantified. Second 36 female rats were allocated into 3 groups: sham group, I/R group (after ovariectomy by 7 weeks, rats exposed to cerebral I/R) and zeranol group (after ovariectomy by 2 weeks, rats received zeranol for 5 weeks). After 24 h of reperfusion, the following parameters were measured; total nitrate/nitrite, interleukin-10, myeloperoxidase, caspase-3, and finally immunohistochemistry analysis of glial fibrillary acidic protein, cyclooxygenase-2 in cortex and hippocampus (CA1) regions were performed. KEY FINDINGS U-0126 administration reversed the neuroprotective effect induced by zeranol through decreasing ratio of p-ERK1/2:ERK1/2 and Bcl-2/Bax in brain tissue. Activation of ERK signaling pathway by zeranol caused reduction in brain apoptosis and inflammation. SIGNIFICANCE Zeranol showed protective effect in OVX rats that were exposed to cerebral I/R by activation of ERK signaling pathway which was blocked by U0126. This protective effect in turns led to decrease inflammation and apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shimaa K Mohamed
- Pharmacology and Toxicology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Helwan University, Cairo, Egypt.
| | - Amany A E Ahmed
- Pharmacology and Toxicology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Helwan University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Engy M Elmorsy
- Pharmacology and Toxicology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Helwan University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Shahira Nofal
- Pharmacology and Toxicology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Helwan University, Cairo, Egypt
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7
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Quillinan N, Dingman AL, Deng G, Tatum S, Orfila JE, Clevenger AC, Klawitter J, Traystman RJ, Herson PS. Single dose of 17β-estradiol provides transient neuroprotection in female juvenile mice after cardiac-arrest and cardiopulmonary resuscitation. Neurochem Int 2018; 127:80-86. [PMID: 30471325 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuint.2018.11.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2018] [Revised: 11/15/2018] [Accepted: 11/15/2018] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Each year there are approximately 7000 out of hospital cardiac arrests in the pediatric population, with 30% resuscitation rate and a 6-10% rate of survival to hospital discharge. Survivors of cardiac arrest exhibit learning and memory deficits that are devastating during the school years. Delayed neuronal cell death occurs in the hippocampus following cardiac arrest and likely contributes to memory impairments. Circulating endogenous estrogen in young adult females has been shown to provide protection against ischemic cell death, as does chronic exogenous administration of 17β-estradiol (E2). Chronic estrogen benefit can have undesirable feminizing effects, particularly in pre-adolescents. Here, we tested if a single-dose of E2 is neuroprotective in our pediatric cardiac arrest mouse model performed in juvenile mice. We subjected P21P25 C57Blk6 male and female mice to 8 min of cardiac arrest followed by cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CA/CPR). This developmental stage preceded the hormonal onset and serum estradiol and testosterone levels were not different in males and females. A single dose of E2 (100μg/kg) or vehicle was administered 30 min after resuscitation. Neuronal cell death measured 3 days after CA/CPR showed reduced hippocampal cell death in E2-treated females, but not males. Benefit of E2 in females was blocked by the P38 MAPK inhibitor, SB203580. Hippocampal-dependent memory function was equally impaired in E2-and vehicle-treated females measured in the contextual fear conditioning task at 7 days. Our findings demonstrate female-specific transient neuroprotection with E2 that does not provide sustained functional benefit.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Quillinan
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Colorado, Anschutz Medical Campus, USA
| | - A L Dingman
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Child Neurology, Intensive Care Unit, University of Colorado, Anschutz Medical Campus, USA
| | - G Deng
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Colorado, Anschutz Medical Campus, USA
| | - S Tatum
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Colorado, Anschutz Medical Campus, USA
| | - J E Orfila
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Colorado, Anschutz Medical Campus, USA
| | - A C Clevenger
- Department of Pediatrics, Intensive Care Unit, University of Colorado, Anschutz Medical Campus, USA
| | - J Klawitter
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Colorado, Anschutz Medical Campus, USA
| | - R J Traystman
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Colorado, Anschutz Medical Campus, USA
| | - P S Herson
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Colorado, Anschutz Medical Campus, USA; Department of Pharmacology, University of Colorado, Anschutz Medical Campus, USA.
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8
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Guennoun R, Zhu X, Fréchou M, Gaignard P, Slama A, Liere P, Schumacher M. Steroids in Stroke with Special Reference to Progesterone. Cell Mol Neurobiol 2018; 39:551-568. [DOI: 10.1007/s10571-018-0627-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2018] [Accepted: 10/05/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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9
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Tanaka M, Ogaeri T, Samsonov M, Sokabe M. The 5α-Reductase Inhibitor Finasteride Exerts Neuroprotection Against Ischemic Brain Injury in Aged Male Rats. Transl Stroke Res 2018; 10:67-77. [PMID: 29574659 DOI: 10.1007/s12975-018-0624-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2017] [Revised: 01/24/2018] [Accepted: 03/14/2018] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Progesterone (P4) exerts potent neuroprotection both in young and aged animal models of stroke. The neuroprotection is likely to be mediated by allopregnanolone (ALLO) metabolized from P4 by 5α-reductase, since the neuroprotection is attenuated by the 5α-reductase inhibitor finasteride, which was done only with young animals though. Thus, we do not know the contribution of ALLO to the P4-induced neuroprotection in aged animals. We examined effects of finasteride on the P4-induced neuroprotection in aged (16-18-month-old) male rats subjected to transient focal cerebral ischemia. Transient focal cerebral ischemia was induced by left middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) and occlusion of the bilateral common carotid arteries. MCAO rats were given an 8 mg/kg P4 6 h after MCAO followed by the same treatment once a day for successive 3 days. Finasteride, a 5α-reductase inhibitor, at 20 mg/kg was intraperitoneally injected 30 min prior to the P4-injections. P4 markedly reduced neuronal damage 72 h after MCAO, and the P4-induced neuroprotection was apparently suppressed by finasteride in the aged animals. However, post-ischemic administration of finasteride alone (20 mg/kg) significantly prevented neuronal damage and the impairment of Rotarod performance after MCAO in aged male rats, but not in young ones. The androgen receptor antagonist flutamide markedly suppressed the neuroprotection of finasteride in the cerebral cortex, but not in the striatum, suggesting the androgen receptor-dependent mechanism of the finasteride-induced neuroprotection in the cerebral cortex. Our findings suggested, for the first time, the potential of finasteride as a therapeutic agent in post-ischemic treatment of strokes in aged population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Motoki Tanaka
- Mechanobiology Laboratory, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, 65 Tsurumai, Showa-ku, Nagoya, 466-8550, Japan.
| | - Takunori Ogaeri
- Mechanobiology Laboratory, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, 65 Tsurumai, Showa-ku, Nagoya, 466-8550, Japan
| | | | - Masahiro Sokabe
- Mechanobiology Laboratory, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, 65 Tsurumai, Showa-ku, Nagoya, 466-8550, Japan.
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10
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Feng Y, Madungwe NB, da Cruz Junho CV, Bopassa JC. Activation of G protein-coupled oestrogen receptor 1 at the onset of reperfusion protects the myocardium against ischemia/reperfusion injury by reducing mitochondrial dysfunction and mitophagy. Br J Pharmacol 2017; 174:4329-4344. [PMID: 28906548 PMCID: PMC5715577 DOI: 10.1111/bph.14033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2017] [Revised: 08/29/2017] [Accepted: 08/30/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and Purpose Recent evidence indicates that GPER (G protein‐coupled oestrogen receptor 1) mediates acute pre‐ischaemic oestrogen‐induced protection of the myocardium from ischaemia/reperfusion injury via a signalling cascade that includes PKC translocation, ERK1/2/ GSK‐3β phosphorylation and inhibition of the mitochondrial permeability transition pore (mPTP) opening. Here, we investigated the impact and mechanism involved in post‐ischaemic GPER activation in ischaemia/reperfusion injury. We determined whether GPER activation at the onset of reperfusion confers cardioprotective effects by protecting against mitochondrial impairment and mitophagy. Experimental Approach In vivo rat hearts were subjected to ischaemia followed by reperfusion with oestrogen (17β‐oestradiol, E2), E2 + G15, a GPER antagonist, or vehicle. Myocardial infarct size, the threshold for the opening of mPTP, mitophagy, mitochondrial membrane potential, ROS production, proteins ubiquitinated including cyclophilin D, and phosphorylation levels of ERK and GSK‐3β were measured. Results We found that post‐ischaemic E2 administration to both male and female ovariectomized‐rats reduced myocardial infarct size. Post‐ischaemic E2 administration preserved mitochondrial structural integrity and this was associated with a decrease in ROS production and increased mitochondrial membrane potential, as well as an increase in the mitochondrial Ca2+ load required to induce mPTP opening via activation of the MEK/ERK/GSK‐3β axis. Moreover, E2 reduced mitophagy via the PINK1/Parkin pathway involving LC3I, LC3II and p62 proteins. All these post‐ischaemic effects of E2 were abolished by G15 suggesting a GPER‐dependent mechanism. Conclusion These results indicate that post‐ischaemic GPER activation induces cardioprotective effects against ischaemia/reperfusion injury in males and females by protecting mitochondrial structural integrity and function and reducing mitophagy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yansheng Feng
- Department of Cellular and Integrative Physiology, School of Medicine, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, USA.,Department of Pathophysiology, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China
| | - Ngonidzashe B Madungwe
- Department of Cellular and Integrative Physiology, School of Medicine, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, USA.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Texas at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Carolina Victoria da Cruz Junho
- Department of Cellular and Integrative Physiology, School of Medicine, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, USA.,Center of Natural and Human Sciences, Federal University of ABC, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Jean C Bopassa
- Department of Cellular and Integrative Physiology, School of Medicine, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, USA
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11
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Ardelt A, Carpenter R, Iwuchukwu I, Zhang A, Lin W, Kosciuczuk E, Hinkson C, Rebeiz T, Reitz S, King P. Characterization of the transient middle cerebral artery occlusion model of ischemic stroke in a HuR transgenic mouse line. Data Brief 2017; 16:1083-1090. [PMID: 29854897 PMCID: PMC5972843 DOI: 10.1016/j.dib.2017.10.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
This set of experiments characterizes a model of transient cerebral ischemic stroke in a transgenic (Tg) mouse line in which the glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) promoter is utilized to drive expression of a human RNA-binding protein, HuR. Additionally, the effect of cerebral ischemia on the expression of endogenous Hu proteins is presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Ardelt
- Department of Neurology, University of Chicago, 5841 S. Maryland Ave, MC2030, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - R Carpenter
- Department of Neurology, University of Chicago, 5841 S. Maryland Ave, MC2030, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - I Iwuchukwu
- Department of Neurocritical Care, Ochsner Medical Center, 1514 Jefferson Hwy., New Orleans, LA 70121, USA
| | - A Zhang
- Department of Neurology, University of Chicago, 5841 S. Maryland Ave, MC2030, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - W Lin
- Department of Neurology, University of Chicago, 5841 S. Maryland Ave, MC2030, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - E Kosciuczuk
- Division of Hematology-Oncology, Northwestern University, 675 North St. Clair, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - C Hinkson
- Department of Neurology, University of Chicago, 5841 S. Maryland Ave, MC2030, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - T Rebeiz
- Department of Neurology, University of Chicago, 5841 S. Maryland Ave, MC2030, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - S Reitz
- Department of Neurology, University of Chicago, 5841 S. Maryland Ave, MC2030, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - P King
- Department of Neurology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, 1720 7th Sve South and the Birmingham VA Medical Center, Birmingham, AL 35233, USA
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Raghava N, Das BC, Ray SK. Neuroprotective effects of estrogen in CNS injuries: insights from animal models. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2017; 6:15-29. [PMID: 28845391 PMCID: PMC5567743 DOI: 10.2147/nan.s105134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Among the estrogens that are biosynthesized in the human body, 17β-estradiol (estradiol or E2) is the most common and the best estrogen for neuroprotection in animal models of the central nervous system (CNS) injuries such as spinal cord injury (SCI), traumatic brain injury (TBI), and ischemic brain injury (IBI). These CNS injuries are not only serious health problems, but also enormous economic burden on the patients, their families, and the society at large. Studies from animal models of these CNS injuries provide insights into the multiple neuroprotective mechanisms of E2 and also suggest the possibility of translating the therapeutic efficacy of E2 in the treatment SCI, TBI, and IBI in humans in the near future. The pathophysiology of these injuries includes loss of motor function in the limbs, arms and their extremities, cognitive deficit, and many other serious consequences including life-threatening paralysis, infection, and even death. The potential application of E2 therapy to treat the CNS injuries may become a trend as the results are showing significant therapeutic benefits of E2 for neuroprotection when administered into the animal models of SCI, TBI, and IBI. This article describes the plausible mechanisms how E2 works with or without the involvement of estrogen receptors and provides an overview of the known neuroprotective effects of E2 in these three CNS injuries in different animal models. Because activation of estrogen receptors has profound implications in maintaining and also affecting normal physiology, there are notable impediments in translating E2 therapy to the clinics for neuroprotection in CNS injuries in humans. While E2 may not yet be the sole molecule for the treatment of CNS injuries due to the controversies surrounding it, the neuroprotective effects of its metabolite and derivative or combination of E2 with another therapeutic agent are showing significant impacts in animal models that can potentially shape the new treatment strategies for these CNS injuries in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Narayan Raghava
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, University of South Carolina School of Medicine, Columbia, SC, USA
| | - Bhaskar C Das
- Department of Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Swapan K Ray
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, University of South Carolina School of Medicine, Columbia, SC, USA
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Guo JM, Shu H, Wang L, Xu JJ, Niu XC, Zhang L. SIRT1-dependent AMPK pathway in the protection of estrogen against ischemic brain injury. CNS Neurosci Ther 2017; 23:360-369. [PMID: 28256111 DOI: 10.1111/cns.12686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2017] [Revised: 01/22/2017] [Accepted: 02/07/2017] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
AIMS Stroke is a major cause of mortality and disability, especially for postmenopausal women. In view of the protective action of estrogen, hormone therapy remains the only effective way to limit this risk. The objective of this study was to investigate the efficiency and underlying mechanisms of estrogen neuroprotection. METHODS Subcutaneous injection of 17β-estradiol in rats after ovariectomy (OVX) was used to manipulate estrogen level and explore the effects of estrogen in cerebral ischemic damage both in vivo and in vitro. Silent mating type information regulation 2 homolog 1 (SIRT1) knockout mice and adenosine monophosphate (AMP)-activated kinase (AMPK) inhibitor Compound C were also used to investigate the underlying pathway of estrogen. RESULTS Estrogen deficiency induced by OVX aggravated brain infarction in experimentally induced cerebral ischemia rats, whereas estrogen pretreatment reduced ischemia-induced cerebral injuries. Neurons of estrogen deficiency models were susceptible to apoptosis under oxygen-glucose deprivation (OGD). In contrast, neurons with estrogen-supplemented serum exhibited restored resistance to cell apoptosis. In OGD neurons, estrogen promoted AMPK activation through estrogen receptor α, and neuroprotection of estrogen was prevented by AMPK inhibition. Estrogen increased SIRT1 expression and activation, and estrogen-induced AMPK activation disappeared in SIRT1 knockout neurons. Moreover, estrogen-induced neuroprotection was abolished in SIRT1 knockout mice and AMPK-inhibited rats. CONCLUSION Our data support that estrogen protects against ischemic stroke through preventing neuron death via the SIRT1-dependent AMPK pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin-Min Guo
- Department of Pharmacology, Jinan Military General Hospital, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - He Shu
- Department of Pharmacology, Jinan Military General Hospital, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Lei Wang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Jinan Military General Hospital, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Jian-Jiang Xu
- Department of Pharmacology, Jinan Military General Hospital, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Xue-Cai Niu
- Department of Radiotheropy, The Forth Hospital of Jinan City, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Li Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology, Jinan Military General Hospital, Jinan, Shandong, China
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