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Torres-Pérez M, Herrera ML, Rosillo JC, Berrosteguieta I, Casanova G, Olivera-Bravo S, Fernández AS. Brain atlas of the annual Garcialebias charrua fish. Anat Rec (Hoboken) 2024. [PMID: 38504626 DOI: 10.1002/ar.25432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2023] [Revised: 02/21/2024] [Accepted: 02/26/2024] [Indexed: 03/21/2024]
Abstract
Annual fish have become attractive study models for a wide range of disciplines, including neurobiology. These fish have developed different survival strategies. As a result, their nervous system is under considerable selective pressure when facing extreme environmental situations. Fish from the Austrolebias group exhibit rapid neurogenesis in different brain regions, possibly as a result of the demanding conditions of a changing habitat. Knowledge of cerebral histology is essential for detecting ontogenic, anatomical, or cytoarchitectonic changes in the brain during the short lifespan of these fish, such as those reflecting functional adaptive plasticity in different systems, including sensory structures. The generation of an atlas of Garcialebias charrua (previously known as Austrolebias charrua) establishes its anatomical basis as a representative of a large group of fish that share similarities in their way of life. In this work, we present a detailed study of both gross anatomy and microscopic anatomy obtained through serial sections stained with the Nissl technique in three orientations: transverse, horizontal, and parasagittal planes. This atlas includes accurate drawings of the entire adult brain of the male fish Garcialebias charrua, showing dorsal, ventral, and lateral views, including where emergence and origin of cranial nerves. This brain atlas allows us to understand histoarchitecture as well as the location of neural structures that change during adult neurogenesis, enabling comparisons within the genus. Simultaneously, this atlas constitutes a valuable tool for comparing the brains of other fish species with different behaviors and neuroecologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maximiliano Torres-Pérez
- División Neurociencias, Departamento de Neurociencias Integrativas y Computacionales, Laboratorio de Neurobiología Comparada, Instituto de Investigaciones Biológicas Clemente Estable, Montevideo, Uruguay
- División Neurociencias, Departamento de Neurobiología y Neuropatología, Instituto de Investigaciones Biológicas Clemente Estable (IIBCE), Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - María Laura Herrera
- División Neurociencias, Departamento de Neurociencias Integrativas y Computacionales, Laboratorio de Neurobiología Comparada, Instituto de Investigaciones Biológicas Clemente Estable, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Juan Carlos Rosillo
- División Neurociencias, Departamento de Neurociencias Integrativas y Computacionales, Laboratorio de Neurobiología Comparada, Instituto de Investigaciones Biológicas Clemente Estable, Montevideo, Uruguay
- Departamento de Histología y Embriología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de la República (UdelaR), Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Inés Berrosteguieta
- División Neurociencias, Departamento de Neurociencias Integrativas y Computacionales, Laboratorio de Neurobiología Comparada, Instituto de Investigaciones Biológicas Clemente Estable, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Gabriela Casanova
- Unidad de Microscopía Electrónica, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de la República (UdelaR), Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Silvia Olivera-Bravo
- División Neurociencias, Departamento de Neurobiología y Neuropatología, Instituto de Investigaciones Biológicas Clemente Estable (IIBCE), Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Anabel Sonia Fernández
- División Neurociencias, Departamento de Neurociencias Integrativas y Computacionales, Laboratorio de Neurobiología Comparada, Instituto de Investigaciones Biológicas Clemente Estable, Montevideo, Uruguay
- Laboratorio de Neurociencias, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de la República (UdelaR), Montevideo, Uruguay
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Herrera ML, Silva S, Berrosteguieta I, Casanova G, Rosillo JC, Fernández AS. Rod precursors in the adult retina of the Austrolebias charrua annual fish. Tissue Cell 2023; 83:102150. [PMID: 37423033 DOI: 10.1016/j.tice.2023.102150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2023] [Revised: 06/23/2023] [Accepted: 06/25/2023] [Indexed: 07/11/2023]
Abstract
Rod photoreceptors in the adult teleost retina are produced by rod precursors located in the outer nuclear layer (ONL). Annual fishes of the genus Austrolebias exhibit extensive adult retinal cell proliferation and neurogenesis, as well as surprising adaptive strategies to their extreme and changing environment, including adult retinal plasticity. Thus, here we identify and characterize rod precursors in the ONL of the Austrolebias charrua retina. For this aim we used classical histological techniques, transmission electron microscopy, detection of cell proliferation, and immunohistochemistry. Through these complementary approaches, we describe a cell population clearly distinguishable from photoreceptors in the ONL of the adult retina of A. charrua, which we propose corresponds to the rod precursor population. These cells exhibited particular morphological and ultrastructural characteristics, uptake of cell proliferation markers (BrdU+) and expression of stem cell markers (Sox2+). Determining the existence of the population of rod precursors is crucial to understand the sequence of events related to retinal plasticity and regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- M L Herrera
- Departamento Neurociencias Integrativas y Computacionales, Lab. Neurobiología Comparada, Instituto de Investigaciones Biológicas Clemente Estable (IIBCE), Avenida. Italia 3318, 11600 Montevideo, Uruguay; Sección Fisiología y Nutrición, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de la República, Iguá 4225, 11400 Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - S Silva
- Departamento Neurociencias Integrativas y Computacionales, Lab. Neurobiología Comparada, Instituto de Investigaciones Biológicas Clemente Estable (IIBCE), Avenida. Italia 3318, 11600 Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - I Berrosteguieta
- Departamento Neurociencias Integrativas y Computacionales, Lab. Neurobiología Comparada, Instituto de Investigaciones Biológicas Clemente Estable (IIBCE), Avenida. Italia 3318, 11600 Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - G Casanova
- Unidad de Microscopía Electrónica, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de la República, Iguá 4225, 11400 Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - J C Rosillo
- Departamento Neurociencias Integrativas y Computacionales, Lab. Neurobiología Comparada, Instituto de Investigaciones Biológicas Clemente Estable (IIBCE), Avenida. Italia 3318, 11600 Montevideo, Uruguay; Departamento de Histología y Embriología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de la República, Avda. General Flores 2125, 11800 Montevideo, Uruguay.
| | - A S Fernández
- Departamento Neurociencias Integrativas y Computacionales, Lab. Neurobiología Comparada, Instituto de Investigaciones Biológicas Clemente Estable (IIBCE), Avenida. Italia 3318, 11600 Montevideo, Uruguay; Laboratorio de Neurociencias, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de la República, Iguá 4225, 11400 Montevideo, Uruguay.
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Berrosteguieta I, Rosillo JC, Herrera ML, Olivera-Bravo S, Casanova G, Herranz-Pérez V, García-Verdugo JM, Fernández AS. Plasticity of cell proliferation in the retina of Austrolebias charrua fish under light and darkness conditions. CURRENT RESEARCH IN NEUROBIOLOGY 2022; 3:100042. [DOI: 10.1016/j.crneur.2022.100042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2022] [Revised: 05/18/2022] [Accepted: 05/23/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022] Open
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Zupanc GKH. Adult neurogenesis in the central nervous system of teleost fish: from stem cells to function and evolution. J Exp Biol 2021; 224:258585. [PMID: 33914040 DOI: 10.1242/jeb.226357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Adult neurogenesis, the generation of functional neurons from adult neural stem cells in the central nervous system (CNS), is widespread, and perhaps universal, among vertebrates. This phenomenon is more pronounced in teleost fish than in any other vertebrate taxon. There are up to 100 neurogenic sites in the adult teleost brain. New cells, including neurons and glia, arise from neural stem cells harbored both in neurogenic niches and outside these niches (such as the ependymal layer and parenchyma in the spinal cord, respectively). At least some, but not all, of the stem cells are of astrocytic identity. Aging appears to lead to stem cell attrition in fish that exhibit determinate body growth but not in those with indeterminate growth. At least in some areas of the CNS, the activity of the neural stem cells results in additive neurogenesis or gliogenesis - tissue growth by net addition of cells. Mathematical and computational modeling has identified three factors to be crucial for sustained tissue growth and correct formation of CNS structures: symmetric stem cell division, cell death and cell drift due to population pressure. It is hypothesized that neurogenesis in the CNS is driven by continued growth of corresponding muscle fibers and sensory receptor cells in the periphery to ensure a constant ratio of peripheral versus central elements. This 'numerical matching hypothesis' can explain why neurogenesis has ceased in most parts of the adult CNS during the evolution of mammals, which show determinate growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Günther K H Zupanc
- Laboratory of Neurobiology, Department of Biology, Northeastern University, Boston, MA 02115, USA
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