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Zhu C, Zhang M, Gong S, Du J, Ma L, Liu Y, Li Y, Yu J, Liu N. Identification of Matrine as a Kirsten rats Arcomaviral oncogene homolog inhibitor alleviating chemotherapy-induced neuropathic pain. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 132:155841. [PMID: 38971025 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2024.155841] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2023] [Revised: 06/13/2024] [Accepted: 06/20/2024] [Indexed: 07/08/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy (CIPN) represents a prevailing and severe clinical concern, characterized by limited availability of clinically effective treatment strategies. Current evidence endorses matrine's potential as a neuroprotective and analgesic agent for CIPN. Nevertheless, the precise targets and mechanisms of action of matrine remain insufficiently explored, impeding comprehensive pharmacological investigation and clinical application. OBJECTIVE This study endeavors to elucidate the analgesic and neuroprotective effects of matrine in mice with vincristine-induced neuropathic pain. A focal point is the identification of matrine's specific target and the underlying molecular mechanisms governing its analgesic and neuroprotective actions. METHODS To discern matrine's analgesic effects in CIPN mice, we conducted behavioral experiments encompassing the Von Frey filament test and Hargreaves Test. Furthermore, we conducted electrophysiological and histopathological assessments involving HE staining, Nissl staining, and Fluoro-Jade B staining to evaluate matrine's effects on neuroprotection within dorsal root ganglia and the spinal cord of CIPN mice. Sequentially, thermal shift assay, GTP hydrolysis assay, and nucleotide exchange assay were executed to validate matrine's inhibitory effects on KRAS. Molecular docking and site-directed mutagenesis experiments were implemented to identify the precise binding pocket of matrine on KRAS. Lastly, matrine's inhibitory effects on downstream signaling pathways of KRAS were confirmed through experiments conducted at animal model. RESULTS Matrine exhibited a notable increase in mechanical withdrawal threshold and thermal withdrawal latency in vincristine-treated mice. This compound substantially ameliorated the neurofunctional blockade associated with sensory and motor functions induced by vincristine. Moreover, matrine mitigated pathological damage within DRG and the L4-L5 spinal cord regions. The study's MST experiments indicated matrine's substantial elevation of KRAS's melting temperature. The GTP hydrolysis and nucleotide exchange assays revealed concentration-dependent inhibition of KRAS activity by matrine. Molecular docking provided insight into the binding mode of matrine with KRAS, while site-directed mutagenesis verified the specific binding site of matrine on KRAS. Lastly, matrine's inhibition of downstream Raf/Erk1/2 and PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling pathways of KRAS was confirmed in VCR mice. CONCLUSION Compared to previous studies, our research has identified matrine as a natural inhibitor of the elusive protein KRAS, often considered "undruggable." Furthermore, this study has revealed that matrine exerts its therapeutic effects on chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy (CIPN) by inhibiting KRAS activation, subsequently suppressing downstream signaling pathways such as Raf/Erk1/2 and PI3K/Akt/mTOR. This investigation signifies the discovery of a novel target for matrine, thus expanding the potential scope of its involvement in KRAS-related biological functions and diseases. These findings hold the promise of providing a crucial experimental foundation for forthcoming drug development initiatives centered around matrine, thereby advancing the field of pharmaceutical research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunhao Zhu
- School of Pharmacy, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, PR China; Medicinal Chemistry and Bioinformatics Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, PR China
| | - Mengting Zhang
- People's Hospital of Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, Yinchuan 750004, PR China
| | - Shuaishuai Gong
- Department of Pharmaceutics, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, PR China
| | - Juan Du
- School of Pharmacy, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, PR China
| | - Lin Ma
- School of Pharmacy, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, PR China
| | - Yue Liu
- School of Pharmacy, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, PR China
| | - Yuxiang Li
- School of nursing, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, Ningxia, PR China
| | - Jianqiang Yu
- School of Pharmacy, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, PR China; Ningxia Key Laboratory of Drug Development and Generic Drug Research, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, PR China.
| | - Ning Liu
- School of Pharmacy, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, PR China; Ningxia Key Laboratory of Drug Development and Generic Drug Research, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, PR China.
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Huo L, Fu J, Wang S, Wang H, Liu X. Emerging ferroptosis inhibitors as a novel therapeutic strategy for the treatment of neonatal hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy. Eur J Med Chem 2024; 271:116453. [PMID: 38701713 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2024.116453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2023] [Revised: 08/30/2023] [Accepted: 04/24/2024] [Indexed: 05/05/2024]
Abstract
Neonatal hypoxia-ischemia encephalopathy (NHIE), an oxygen deprivation-mediated brain injury due to birth asphyxia or reduced cerebral blood perfusion, often leads to lifelong sequelae, including seizures, cerebral palsy, and mental retardation. NHIE poses a significant health challenge, as one of the leading causes of neonatal morbidity and mortality globally. Despite this, available therapies are limited. Numerous studies have recently demonstrated that ferroptosis, an iron-dependent non-apoptotic regulated form of cell death characterized by lipid peroxidation (LPO) and iron dyshomeostasis, plays a role in the genesis of NHIE. Moreover, recently discovered compounds have been shown to exert potential therapeutic effects on NHIE by inhibiting ferroptosis. This comprehensive review summarizes the fundamental mechanisms of ferroptosis contributing to NHIE. We focus on various emerging therapeutic compounds exhibiting characteristics of ferroptosis inhibition and delineate their pharmacological benefits for the treatment of NHIE. This review suggests that pharmacological inhibition of ferroptosis may be a potential therapeutic strategy for NHIE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liang Huo
- Department of Pediatrics, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, 11004, China.
| | - Jianhua Fu
- Department of Pediatrics, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, 11004, China
| | - Shimeng Wang
- Department of Pediatrics, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, 11004, China
| | - Hua Wang
- Department of Pediatrics, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, 11004, China
| | - Xueyan Liu
- Department of Pediatrics, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, 11004, China.
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Jia J, Tian X, He J, Ma G, He W. Taurine promotes axonal sprouting via Shh-mediated mitochondrial improvement in stroke. Acta Cir Bras 2023; 38:e382323. [PMID: 37377249 DOI: 10.1590/acb382323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2023] [Accepted: 04/18/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Motor function is restored by axonal sprouting in ischemic stroke. Mitochondria play a crucial role in axonal sprouting. Taurine (TAU) is known to protect the brain against experimental stroke, but its role in axonal sprouting and the underlying mechanism are unclear. METHODS We evaluated the motor function of stroke mice using the rotarod test on days 7, 14, and 28. Immunocytochemistry with biotinylated dextran amine was used to detect axonal sprouting. We observed neurite outgrowth and cell apoptosis in cortical neurons under oxygen and glucose deprivation (OGD), respectively. Furthermore, we evaluated the mitochondrial function, adenosine triphosphate (ATP), mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA), peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator 1-alpha (PCG-1α), transcription factor A of mitochondria (TFAM), protein patched homolog 1 (PTCH1), and cellular myelocytomatosis oncogene (c-Myc). RESULTS TAU recovered the motor function and promoted axonal sprouting in ischemic mice. TAU restored the neuritogenesis ability of cortical neurons and reduced OGD-induced cell apoptosis. TAU also reduced reactive oxygen species, stabilized mitochondrial membrane potential, enhanced ATP and mtDNA content, increased the levels of PGC-1α, and TFAM, and restored the impaired levels of PTCH1, and c-Myc. Furthermore, these TAU-related effects could be blocked using an Shh inhibitor (cyclopamine). CONCLUSION Taurine promoted axonal sprouting via Shh-mediated mitochondrial improvement in ischemic stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianwen Jia
- Capital Medical University - Beijing Chaoyang Hospital - Department of Neurosurgery - Beijing, China
| | - Xiaochao Tian
- Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University - Department of Cardiology - Hebei, China
| | - Jinzhao He
- Heyuan People's Hospital - Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital Heyuan Hospital - Department of Neurology - Guangdong, China
| | - Guozhong Ma
- Heyuan People's Hospital - Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital Heyuan Hospital - Department of Neurology - Guangdong, China
| | - Weiliang He
- Heyuan People's Hospital - Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital Heyuan Hospital - Department of Neurology - Guangdong, China
- Heyuan People's Hospital - Heyuan Key Laboratory of Molecular Diagnosis & Disease Prevention and Treatment - Doctors Station of Guangdong province - Guangdong, China
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Zhong Y, Wang S, Yin Y, Yu J, Liu Y, Gao H. Dexmedetomidine suppresses hippocampal astrocyte pyroptosis in cerebral hypoxic-ischemic neonatal rats by upregulating microRNA-148a-3p to inactivate the STAT/JMJD3 axis. Int Immunopharmacol 2023; 121:110440. [PMID: 37327511 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2023.110440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2023] [Revised: 05/24/2023] [Accepted: 05/31/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Dexmedetomidine (DEX), a selective α2-adrenoceptor agonist, is an anesthetic and sedative agent and has been reported to confer neuroprotective effects after cerebral hypoxic ischemia (CHI). This study was undertaken to elucidate the mechanisms by which microRNA (miR)-148a-3p is involved in the neuroprotective effect of DEX on hypoxic-ischemic brain damage in neonatal rats. METHODS Neonatal rats were exposed to CHI conditions, a miR-148a-3p inhibitor, and DEX. Hippocampal astrocytes were isolated to construct an oxygen-glucose deprivation (OGD) model. qRT-PCR and western blot were utilized to inspect miR-148a-3p, STAT1, STAT3, JMJD3, cleaved-Caspase-1, ASC, NLRP3, GSDMD, and GSDMD-N expression in rats and astrocytes. TUNEL staining was employed to measure astrocyte apoptosis rate, immunofluorescence to inspect cleaved-Caspase-1 and ASC levels, and ELISA to determine IL-1β and IL-18 expression. The target genes of miR-148a-3p were predicted using online software and verified by a dual-luciferase reporter gene assay. RESULTS A prominent increase in astrocyte apoptosis rate and the expression of pyroptosis- and inflammation-related factors were found in rats with CHI and OGD-treated astrocytes. DEX suppressed astrocyte apoptosis rate and decreased expression of pyroptosis- and inflammation-related factors. Knockdown of miR-148a-3p facilitated astrocyte pyroptosis, indicating that DEX exerted its protective effect by upregulating miR-148a-3p. miR-148a-3p negatively mediated STAT to inactivate JMJD3. Overexpression of STAT1 and STAT3 facilitated pyroptosis in astrocytes, which was negated by the overexpression of miR-148a-3p. CONCLUSION DEX inhibited hippocampal astrocyte pyroptosis by upregulating miR-148a-3p to inactivate the STAT/JMJD3 axis, thereby alleviating cerebral damage in neonatal rats with CHI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Zhong
- Department of Anesthesiology, Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou 550004, PR China.
| | - Shengzhao Wang
- Institute of Anesthesia, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou 550004, PR China
| | - Yongqiang Yin
- Institute of Anesthesia, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou 550004, PR China
| | - Jialu Yu
- Institute of Anesthesia, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou 550004, PR China
| | - Yang Liu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou 550004, PR China.
| | - Hong Gao
- The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Duyun, Guizhou 558000, PR China.
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Zheng J, Qiu G, Zhou Y, Ma K, Cui S. Hepatoprotective Effects of Taurine Against Cadmium-Induced Liver Injury in Female Mice. Biol Trace Elem Res 2023; 201:1368-1376. [PMID: 35581430 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-022-03252-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2022] [Accepted: 04/21/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Cadmium (Cd), a heavy metal contaminant, seriously threatens human and animal health. Taurine (Tau) has been used against hepatotoxicity caused by different environmental toxins. However, it has not been elucidated whether Tau exerts its protective function against Cd-induced hepatotoxicity. The aim of this study was thus to evaluate the ameliorative function of Tau (500 mg/kg body weight intraperitoneally) on Cd-induced (2 mg/kg body weight intraperitoneally) liver toxicity in mice for 14 days. The histopathologic and ultrastructure changes as well as alterations in indexes related to liver function, antioxidant biomarkers, inflammatory, and apoptosis were evaluated. The results showed that Tau alleviated the vacuolar degeneration, nuclear condensation, mitochondria swelling, and cristae lysis of hepatocytes induced by Cd. In addition, Tau treatment significantly reduced the ALT, AST levels in serum, and inflammatory factor TNF-α and IL-1β in liver tissue. Furthermore, Tau treatment decreased the Bax/Bcl-2 ratio and cleaved caspase-3 protein expression levels. Taken together, these observations demonstrate that Tau has an important hepatic protective function against the inflammation and apoptosis induced by Cd.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaming Zheng
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, 225009, People's Republic of China
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, 225009, People's Republic of China
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety of the Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Guobin Qiu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, 225009, People's Republic of China
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, 225009, People's Republic of China
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety of the Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Yewen Zhou
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, 225009, People's Republic of China
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, 225009, People's Republic of China
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety of the Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Kezhe Ma
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, 225009, People's Republic of China
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, 225009, People's Republic of China
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety of the Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Sheng Cui
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, 225009, People's Republic of China.
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, 225009, People's Republic of China.
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety of the Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China.
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Taurine Supplementation as a Neuroprotective Strategy upon Brain Dysfunction in Metabolic Syndrome and Diabetes. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14061292. [PMID: 35334949 PMCID: PMC8952284 DOI: 10.3390/nu14061292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2022] [Revised: 03/14/2022] [Accepted: 03/15/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Obesity, type 2 diabetes, and their associated comorbidities impact brain metabolism and function and constitute risk factors for cognitive impairment. Alterations to taurine homeostasis can impact a number of biological processes, such as osmolarity control, calcium homeostasis, and inhibitory neurotransmission, and have been reported in both metabolic and neurodegenerative disorders. Models of neurodegenerative disorders show reduced brain taurine concentrations. On the other hand, models of insulin-dependent diabetes, insulin resistance, and diet-induced obesity display taurine accumulation in the hippocampus. Given the possible cytoprotective actions of taurine, such cerebral accumulation of taurine might constitute a compensatory mechanism that attempts to prevent neurodegeneration. The present article provides an overview of brain taurine homeostasis and reviews the mechanisms by which taurine can afford neuroprotection in individuals with obesity and diabetes. We conclude that further research is needed for understanding taurine homeostasis in metabolic disorders with an impact on brain function.
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Electroacupuncture Relieves Hippocampal Injury by Heme Oxygenase-1 to Improve Mitochondrial Function. J Surg Res 2022; 273:15-23. [PMID: 35016152 DOI: 10.1016/j.jss.2021.12.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2021] [Revised: 11/02/2021] [Accepted: 12/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Electroacupuncture (EA) treatment has been demonstrated to have the potential to prevent sepsis-induced hippocampal injury; however, the mechanisms underlying the protective effects of EA against such injury remain unclear. Herein, to elucidate these mechanisms, we constructed a mouse model of lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced hippocampal injury to investigate the protection mechanism of EA and to determine whether heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1)-mediated mitochondrial function is involved in the protective effect of EA. MATERIALS AND METHODS The sepsis model of hippocampal injury was induced by administering LPS. The Zusanli and Baihui acupoints were stimulated using EA for 30 min once a day, for 5 d before LPS exposure and the first day after administering LPS. Hippocampal injury was investigated by hematoxylin and eosin staining and Nissl staining. HO-1 levels were measured using Western blotting. Mitochondrial metabolism was validated by assessing adenosine triphosphate, superoxide dismutase, malondialdehyde levels, reactive oxygen species production, and mitochondrial respiratory chain activity. Mitochondrial morphology was analyzed by transmission electron microscopy. RESULTS EA treatment alleviated neuronal injury, impeded oxidative stress, and improved mitochondrial respiratory function, energy metabolism, and mitochondrial morphology in LPS-exposed mice. In addition, HO-1 knockout aggravated LPS-induced hippocampal injury, aggravated oxidative stress, and reduced mitochondrial respiratory function and aggravated mitochondrial swelling, crest relaxation, and vacuole degeneration. Moreover, EA was unable to reverse the hippocampal damage and mitochondrial dysfunction caused by LPS exposure after HO-1 knockout. CONCLUSIONS EA improves LPS-induced hippocampal injury by regulating HO-1-mediated mitochondrial function. Furthermore, HO-1 plays a critical role in maintaining mitochondrial function and resisting oxidative injury.
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Wang X, Liu J, Hui X, Song Y. Metabolomics Applied to Cord Serum in Preeclampsia Newborns: Implications for Neonatal Outcomes. Front Pediatr 2022; 10:869381. [PMID: 35547553 PMCID: PMC9082809 DOI: 10.3389/fped.2022.869381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2022] [Accepted: 03/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Preeclampsia (PE) is one of the leading causes of maternal and perinatal morbidity and mortality. However, it is still uncertain how PE affects neonate metabolism. We conducted an untargeted metabolomics analysis of cord blood to explore the metabolic changes in PE neonates. Umbilical cord serum samples from neonates with preeclampsia (n = 29) and non-preeclampsia (non-PE) (n = 32) pregnancies were analyzed using the UHPLC-QE-MS metabolomic platform. Different metabolites were screened, and pathway analysis was conducted. A subgroup analysis was performed among PE neonates to compare the metabolome between appropriate-for-gestational-age infants (n = 21) and small-for-gestational-age (SGA) infants (n = 8). A total of 159 different metabolites were detected in PE and non-PE neonates. Creatinine, N4-acetylcytidine, sphingomyelin (D18:1/16:0), pseudouridine, uric acid, and indolelactic acid were the most significant differential metabolites in the cord serum of PE neonates. Differential metabolite levels were elevated in PE neonates and were involved in the following metabolic pathways: glycine, serine, and threonine metabolism; sphingolipid, glyoxylate, and dicarboxylate metabolism; and arginine biosynthesis. In PE neonates, SGA neonates showed increased levels of hexacosanoyl carnitine and decreased abundance of 3-hydroxybutyric acid and 3-sulfinoalanine. Taurine-related metabolism and ketone body-related pathways were mainly affected. Based on the UHPLC-QE-MS metabolomics analysis, we identified the metabolic profiles of PE and SGA neonates. The abundance of metabolites related to certain amino acid, sphingolipid, and energy metabolism increased in the umbilical cord serum of PE neonates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoxu Wang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, National Clinical Research Centre for Obstetric and Gynecologic Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Jieying Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Medical Research Center, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Xiangyi Hui
- State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Medical Research Center, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Yingna Song
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, National Clinical Research Centre for Obstetric and Gynecologic Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
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Wang L, Zhang Z, Wang H. Downregulation of lncRNA GAS5 prevents mitochondrial apoptosis and hypoxic-ischemic brain damage in neonatal rats through the microRNA-128-3p/Bax/Akt/GSK-3β axis. Neuroreport 2021; 32:1395-1402. [PMID: 34718247 DOI: 10.1097/wnr.0000000000001730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Hypoxic/ischemic brain damage (HIBD) results in increased neonatal mortality and serious neurologic morbidity. Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) are shown as essential modulators of various neurological diseases. Here, we determined the mechanisms of lncRNA GAS5 in mitochondrial apoptosis in HIBD rats. METHODS The HIBD neonatal rat model was established and treated with shRNA-GAS5 or antagomir miR-128-3p. The morphological changes and apoptosis rate were observed by histological staining. Expressions of GAS5, miR-128-3p, and Bax mRNA in brain tissues of HIBD neonatal rats were determined. The binding relationships between GAS5 and miR-128-3p, and miR-128-3p and Bax were confirmed by dual-luciferase assay. Subsequently, the mitochondrial membrane potential and apoptosis-related factors in brain tissues of HIBD neonatal rats were detected. Western blot analysis was performed to detect the expression of Akt/GSK3β pathway-associated proteins. RESULTS The neurons in the brain tissue of HIBD neonatal rats decreased with disordered arrangement, and showed vacuolization and nuclear pyknosis, obvious brain damage, increased neuronal apoptosis, and enhanced mitochondrial apoptotic pathway. Downregulated miR-128-3p and upregulated GAS5 and Bax mRNA were found in HIBD neonatal rats. There were binding relationships between GAS5 and miR-128-3p, and miR-128-3p and Bax mRNA. Inhibition of lncRNA GAS5 in HIBD neonatal rats suppressed mitochondrial apoptosis. miR-128-3p knockdown annulled the inhibitory effect of inhibiting lncRNA GAS5 on mitochondrial apoptosis. Silencing GAS5 increased the phosphorylation levels of Akt and GSK3β. CONCLUSION Downregulation of lncRNA GAS5 prevents mitochondrial apoptosis in neonatal HIBD rats by regulating the miR-128-3p/Bax/Akt/GSK-3β axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Wang
- Department of Emergency Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine
| | - Zhe Zhang
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Yuhang Branch of the Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, The First People's Hospital of Yuhang District
| | - Haibin Wang
- Key Laboratory of Clinical Cancer Pharmacology and Toxicology Research of Zhejiang Province, Translational Medicine Research Center, Affiliated Hangzhou First People's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
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Surai PF, Earle-Payne K, Kidd MT. Taurine as a Natural Antioxidant: From Direct Antioxidant Effects to Protective Action in Various Toxicological Models. Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 10:1876. [PMID: 34942978 PMCID: PMC8698923 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10121876] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2021] [Revised: 11/21/2021] [Accepted: 11/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Natural antioxidants have received tremendous attention over the last 3 decades. At the same time, the attitude to free radicals is slowly changing, and their signalling role in adaptation to stress has recently received a lot of attention. Among many different antioxidants in the body, taurine (Tau), a sulphur-containing non-proteinogenic β-amino acid, is shown to have a special place as an important natural modulator of the antioxidant defence networks. Indeed, Tau is synthesised in most mammals and birds, and the Tau requirement is met by both synthesis and food/feed supply. From the analysis of recent data, it could be concluded that the direct antioxidant effect of Tau due to scavenging free radicals is limited and could be expected only in a few mammalian/avian tissues (e.g., heart and eye) with comparatively high (>15-20 mM) Tau concentrations. The stabilising effects of Tau on mitochondria, a prime site of free radical formation, are characterised and deserve more attention. Tau deficiency has been shown to compromise the electron transport chain in mitochondria and significantly increase free radical production. It seems likely that by maintaining the optimal Tau status of mitochondria, it is possible to control free radical production. Tau's antioxidant protective action is of great importance in various stress conditions in human life, and is related to commercial animal and poultry production. In various in vitro and in vivo toxicological models, Tau showed AO protective effects. The membrane-stabilizing effects, inhibiting effects on ROS-producing enzymes, as well as the indirect AO effects of Tau via redox balance maintenance associated with the modulation of various transcription factors (e.g., Nrf2 and NF-κB) and vitagenes could also contribute to its protective action in stress conditions, and thus deserve more attention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter F. Surai
- Vitagene and Health Research Centre, Bristol BS4 2RS, UK
- Department of Microbiology and Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Trakia University, 6000 Stara Zagora, Bulgaria
- Biochemistry and Physiology Department, Saint-Petersburg State University of Veterinary Medicine, 196084 St. Petersburg, Russia
- Department of Animal Nutrition, Faculty of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, Szent Istvan University, H-2103 Gödöllo, Hungary
| | - Katie Earle-Payne
- NHS Greater Glasgow and Clyde, Renfrewshire Health and Social Care Centre, 10 Ferry Road, Renfrew PA4 8RU, UK;
| | - Michael T. Kidd
- Center of Excellence for Poultry Science, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR 72701, USA;
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Kong LL, Gao L, Wang KX, Liu NN, Liu CD, Ma GD, Yang HG, Qin XM, Du GH. Pinocembrin attenuates hemorrhagic transformation after delayed t-PA treatment in thromboembolic stroke rats by regulating endogenous metabolites. Acta Pharmacol Sin 2021; 42:1223-1234. [PMID: 33859344 PMCID: PMC8285418 DOI: 10.1038/s41401-021-00664-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2020] [Accepted: 03/19/2021] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Hemorrhagic transformation (HT) is a common serious complication of stroke after thrombolysis treatment, which limits the clinical use of tissue plasminogen activator (t-PA). Since early diagnosis and treatment for HT is important to improve the prognosis of stroke patients, it is urgent to discover the potential biomarkers and therapeutic drugs. Recent evidence shows that pinocembrin, a natural flavonoid compound, exerts anti-cerebral ischemia effect and expands the time window of t-PA. In this study, we investigated the effect of pinocembrin on t-PA-induced HT and the potential biomarkers for HT after t-PA thrombolysis, thereby improving the prognosis of stroke. Electrocoagulation-induced thrombotic focal ischemic rats received intravenous infusion of t-PA (10 mg/kg) 6 h after ischemia. Administration of pinocembrin (10 mg/kg, iv) prior t-PA infusion significantly decreased the infarct volume, ameliorated t-PA-induced HT, and protected blood-brain barrier. Metabolomics analysis revealed that 5 differential metabolites in the cerebral cortex and 16 differential metabolites in serum involved in amino acid metabolism and energy metabolism were significantly changed after t-PA thrombolysis, whereas pinocembrin administration exerted significant intervention effects on these metabolites. Linear regression analysis showed that lactic acid was highly correlated to the occurrence of HT. Further experiments confirmed that t-PA treatment significantly increased the content of lactic acid and the activity of lactate dehydrogenase in the cerebral cortex and serum, and the expression of monocarboxylate transporter 1 (MCT 1) in the cerebral cortex; pinocembrin reversed these changes, which was consistent with the result of metabolomics. These results demonstrate that pinocembrin attenuates HT after t-PA thrombolysis, which may be associated with the regulation of endogenous metabolites. Lactic acid may be a potential biomarker for HT prediction and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling-Lei Kong
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Drug Targets Identification and Drug Screening, Centre for Pharmaceutical Screening, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Li Gao
- Modern Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, 030006, China
| | - Ke-Xin Wang
- Modern Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, 030006, China
| | - Nan-Nan Liu
- Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Cheng-di Liu
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Drug Targets Identification and Drug Screening, Centre for Pharmaceutical Screening, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Guo-Dong Ma
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Drug Targets Identification and Drug Screening, Centre for Pharmaceutical Screening, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Hai-Guang Yang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Drug Targets Identification and Drug Screening, Centre for Pharmaceutical Screening, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Xue-Mei Qin
- Modern Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, 030006, China
| | - Guan-Hua Du
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Drug Targets Identification and Drug Screening, Centre for Pharmaceutical Screening, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100050, China.
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12
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Liu F, Yuan M, Li C, Guan X, Li B. The protective function of taurine on pesticide-induced permanent neurodevelopmental toxicity in juvenile rats. FASEB J 2021; 35:e21273. [PMID: 33368748 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202001290r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2020] [Revised: 11/04/2020] [Accepted: 11/30/2020] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Numerous studies have confirmed that prenatal or early postnatal exposure to pesticides can lead to functional deficits in the developing brain. This study aimed to investigate whether combined exposure to paraquat (PQ) and maneb (MB) during puberty could cause permanent toxic effects in the neural system of rats. In addition, the neuroprotective function of taurine (T) and its possible mechanism were investigated. Rats were administered PQ + MB intragastrically for 12 continuous weeks, while taurine dissolved in water was fed to the rats for 24 continuous weeks. In the behavioral tests, the rats' trajectories became complex, and the reaction latencies and mistake frequencies increased. Significant changes were found in the hippocampal neurons of the PQ + MB groups but not in the taurine treatment groups. PQ + MB stimulated cAMP to reduce the production of protein kinase A (PKA) and inhibited the activation of other elements, such as brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), cAMP response element binding protein (CREB), phospho-CREB (p-CREB), immediate-early genes (IEGs)Arc, and c-Fos. Importantly, taurine regulated the level of cAMP and the expression of the abovementioned proteins. Together, our findings implied that adolescent exposure to PQ + MB may impact the behavior and cognitive function of rats via the cAMP-PKA-CREB signaling pathway, while taurine may in turn exert neuroprotection by diminishing these impacts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fukai Liu
- Animal Laboratory Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Mengtong Yuan
- Department of Prosthodontics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Chenlong Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin, China
| | - Xue Guan
- Animal Laboratory Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Bai Li
- Department of Toxicology, College of Public Health, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
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13
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Fang Q, Liu J, Chen L, Chen Q, Ke J, Zhang J, Liu Y, Fu W. Taurine improves the differentiation of neural stem cells in fetal rats with intrauterine growth restriction via activation of the PKA-CREB-BDNF signaling pathway. Metab Brain Dis 2021; 36:969-981. [PMID: 33608831 DOI: 10.1007/s11011-021-00672-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2020] [Accepted: 01/08/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) affects brain neural stem cell (NSC) differentiation. In the present study, we investigated whether taurine supplementation may improve NSC differentiation in IUGR fetal rats via the protein kinase A-cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) response element protein-brain derived neurotrophic factor (PKA-CREB-BDNF) signaling pathway. The IUGR fetal rat model was established with a low-protein diet. Fresh subventricular zone (SVZ) tissue from the fetuses on the 14th day of pregnancy was microdissected and dissociated into single-cell suspensions, then was cultured to form neurospheres. The neurospheres were divided into the control group, the IUGR group, the IUGR+taurine (taurine) group, the IUGR+H89 (H89) group and the IUGR+taurine+H89 (taurine+H89) group. The mRNA and protein expression levels of PKA, CREB and BDNF were measured by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and Western blotting (WB). Tuj-1-positive neurons and GFAP-positive glial cells were detected by immunofluorescence. The total number of proliferating NSCs and the percentage of Tuj-1-positive neurons in the IUGR group were lower than those in the control group, but the percentage of GFAP-positive cells was higher in the IUGR group than in the control group. Taurine supplementation increased the total number of neural cells and the percentage of Tuj-1-positive neurons, and reduced the percentage of GFAP-positive cells among differentiated NSCs after IUGR. H89 reduced the total number and percentage of Tuj-1-positive neurons and increased the percentage of GFAP-positive cells. The mRNA and protein levels of PKA, CREB, and BDNF were lower in the IUGR group. The mRNA and protein expression levels of these factors were increased by taurine supplementation but reduced by the addition of H89. Taurine supplementation increased the ratio of neurons to glial cells and prevented gliosis in the differentiation of NSCs in IUGR fetal rats by activating the PKA-CREB-BDNF signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiong Fang
- Department of Pediatrics, The Second School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, Guangdong Province, China
- Department of Neonatal Intensive Care Unit of Bayi Children's Hospital, Seventh Medical Center of PLA General Hospital affiliated to Southern Medical University, Beijing, 100700, China
- Department of Neonatology and NICU, Beijing Chaoyang District Maternal and Child Healthcare Hospital, Beijing, 100021, China
- Department of Pediatrics, Fujian Provincial Hospital, Shengli Clinical Medical College Affiliated to Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350001, Fujian Province, China
| | - Jing Liu
- Department of Pediatrics, The Second School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, Guangdong Province, China.
- Department of Neonatal Intensive Care Unit of Bayi Children's Hospital, Seventh Medical Center of PLA General Hospital affiliated to Southern Medical University, Beijing, 100700, China.
- Department of Neonatology and NICU, Beijing Chaoyang District Maternal and Child Healthcare Hospital, Beijing, 100021, China.
| | - Lang Chen
- Department of Pediatrics, Fujian Provincial Hospital, Shengli Clinical Medical College Affiliated to Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350001, Fujian Province, China
| | - Qiaobin Chen
- Department of Pediatrics, Fujian Provincial Hospital, Shengli Clinical Medical College Affiliated to Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350001, Fujian Province, China
| | - Jun Ke
- Department of Emergency, Fujian Provincial Hospital, Provincial Clinical Medical College Affiliated to Fujian Medical University, Fujian Provincial Institute of Emergency Medicine, Fuzhou, 350001, China
| | - Jiuyun Zhang
- Department of Emergency, Fujian Provincial Hospital, Provincial Clinical Medical College Affiliated to Fujian Medical University, Fujian Provincial Institute of Emergency Medicine, Fuzhou, 350001, China
| | - Ying Liu
- Department of Neonatology and NICU, Beijing Chaoyang District Maternal and Child Healthcare Hospital, Beijing, 100021, China
| | - Wei Fu
- Department of Neonatology and NICU, Beijing Chaoyang District Maternal and Child Healthcare Hospital, Beijing, 100021, China
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14
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Gonzalez-Vazquez A, Aguilar-Peralta AK, Tomas-Sanchez C, Blanco-Alvarez VM, Martinez-Fong D, Gonzalez-Barrios JA, Treviño S, Millán-Perez Peña L, Alatriste V, Soto-Rodriguez G, Brambila E, Leon-Chavez BA. Taurine Increases Zinc Preconditioning-Induced Prevention of Nitrosative Stress, Metabolic Alterations, and Motor Deficits in Young Rats following Intrauterine Ischemia. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2021; 2021:6696538. [PMID: 34040692 PMCID: PMC8121588 DOI: 10.1155/2021/6696538] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2020] [Revised: 01/12/2021] [Accepted: 04/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Oxygen deprivation in newborns leads to hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy, whose hallmarks are oxidative/nitrosative stress, energetic metabolism alterations, nutrient deficiency, and motor behavior disability. Zinc and taurine are known to protect against hypoxic-ischemic brain damage in adults and neonates. However, the combined effect of prophylactic zinc administration and therapeutic taurine treatment on intrauterine ischemia- (IUI-) induced cerebral damage remains unknown. The present work evaluated this issue in male pups subjected to transient IUI (10 min) at E17 and whose mothers received zinc from E1 to E16 and taurine from E17 to postnatal day 15 (PND15) via drinking water. We assessed motor alterations, nitrosative stress, lipid peroxidation, and the antioxidant system comprised of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and glutathione peroxidase (GPx). Enzymes of neuronal energetic pathways, such as aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), were also evaluated. The hierarchization score of the protective effect of pharmacological strategies (HSPEPS) was used to select the most effective treatment. Compared with the IUI group, zinc, alone or combined with taurine, improved motor behavior and reduced nitrosative stress by increasing SOD, CAT, and GPx activities and decreasing the GSSG/GSH ratio in the cerebral cortex and hippocampus. Taurine alone increased the AST/ALT, LDH/ALT, and AST/LDH ratios in the cerebral cortex, showing improvement of the neural bioenergetics system. This result suggests that taurine improves pyruvate, lactate, and glutamate metabolism, thus decreasing IUI-caused cerebral damage and relieving motor behavior impairment. Our results showed that taurine alone or in combination with zinc provides neuroprotection in the IUI rat model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alejandro Gonzalez-Vazquez
- Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Benemérita, Universidad Autónoma de Puebla, 14 sur y Av. San Claudio, Puebla, 72570 Puebla, Mexico
| | - Ana-Karina Aguilar-Peralta
- Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Benemérita, Universidad Autónoma de Puebla, 14 sur y Av. San Claudio, Puebla, 72570 Puebla, Mexico
| | - Constantino Tomas-Sanchez
- Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Benemérita, Universidad Autónoma de Puebla, 14 sur y Av. San Claudio, Puebla, 72570 Puebla, Mexico
| | - Victor-Manuel Blanco-Alvarez
- Facultad de enfermería, Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla, 27 sur 1304, Col. Volcanes, Puebla, 72410 Puebla, Mexico
- Facultad de Medicina, Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla, 13 sur 2702, Col. Volcanes, Puebla, 72410 Puebla, Mexico
| | - Daniel Martinez-Fong
- Departamento de Fisiología, Biofísica y Neurociencias, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Apartado Postal 14-740, 07000 México, DF, Mexico
| | - Juan-Antonio Gonzalez-Barrios
- Laboratorio de Medicina Genómica, Hospital Regional 1° de Octubre, ISSSTE, Avenida, Instituto Politécnico Nacional #1669, 07760 México DF, Mexico
| | - Samuel Treviño
- Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Benemérita, Universidad Autónoma de Puebla, 14 sur y Av. San Claudio, Puebla, 72570 Puebla, Mexico
| | - Lourdes Millán-Perez Peña
- Centro de Química, ICUAP, Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla, 14 sur y Av. San Claudio, Puebla, 72570 Puebla, Mexico
| | - Victorino Alatriste
- Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Benemérita, Universidad Autónoma de Puebla, 14 sur y Av. San Claudio, Puebla, 72570 Puebla, Mexico
| | - Guadalupe Soto-Rodriguez
- Facultad de Medicina, Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla, 13 sur 2702, Col. Volcanes, Puebla, 72410 Puebla, Mexico
| | - Eduardo Brambila
- Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Benemérita, Universidad Autónoma de Puebla, 14 sur y Av. San Claudio, Puebla, 72570 Puebla, Mexico
| | - Bertha Alicia Leon-Chavez
- Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Benemérita, Universidad Autónoma de Puebla, 14 sur y Av. San Claudio, Puebla, 72570 Puebla, Mexico
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15
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Fei S, Cao L, Li S. RETRACTED: microRNA-139-5p alleviates neurological deficit in hypoxic-ischemic brain damage via HDAC4 depletion and BCL-2 activation. Brain Res Bull 2021; 169:73-80. [PMID: 33400954 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainresbull.2020.12.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2020] [Revised: 12/15/2020] [Accepted: 12/28/2020] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
This article has been retracted: please see Elsevier Policy on Article Withdrawal (http://www.elsevier.com/locate/withdrawalpolicy). This article has been retracted at the request of the Editor-in-Chief as there are concerns about the reliability of the results. Concerns have been raised about the western blot bands in Figs. 5A, 6D having the same eyebrow shaped phenotype as found in many other publications as tabulated here (https://docs.google.com/spreadsheets/d/149EjFXVxpwkBXYJOnOHb6RhAqT4a2llhj9LM60MBffM/edit#gid=0). The journal requested the corresponding author to comment on these concerns and send the raw data, however the author was not able to provide uncropped images of the original gels. The Editor-in-Chief therefore no longer has confidence in the data and conclusions of this study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shinuan Fei
- Department of Pediatrics, Edong Healthcare Group, Huangshi Maternity and Children's Health Hospital, Huangshi, 435000, Hubei, PR China
| | - Lichun Cao
- Department of Medical Customer Service, Huangshi Central Hospital•Affiliated Hospital of Hubei Polytechnic University, No. 293, Yiyuan Street, XiSaiShan District, Huangshi, 435000, Hubei, PR China.
| | - Sheng Li
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Edong Healthcare Group, Huangshi Maternity and Children's Health Hospital, No. 80, Guilin South Road, Xialu District, Huangshi, 435000, Hubei, PR China
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16
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Seol SI, Kim HJ, Choi EB, Kang IS, Lee HK, Lee JK, Kim C. Taurine Protects against Postischemic Brain Injury via the Antioxidant Activity of Taurine Chloramine. Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 10:antiox10030372. [PMID: 33801397 PMCID: PMC8000369 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10030372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2021] [Revised: 02/14/2021] [Accepted: 02/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Taurine is ubiquitously distributed in mammalian tissues and is highly concentrated in the heart, brain, and leukocytes. Taurine exerts neuroprotective effects in various central nervous system diseases and can suppress infarct formation in stroke. Taurine reacts with myeloperoxidase (MPO)-derived hypochlorous acid (HOCl) to produce taurine chloramine (Tau-Cl). We investigated the neuroprotective effects of taurine using a rat middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) model and BV2 microglial cells. Although intranasal administration of taurine (0.5 mg/kg) had no protective effects, the same dose of Tau-Cl significantly reduced infarct volume and ameliorated neurological deficits and promoted motor function, indicating a robust neuroprotective effect of Tau-Cl. There was neutrophil infiltration in the post-MCAO brains, and the MPO produced by infiltrating neutrophils might be involved in the taurine to Tau-Cl conversion. Tau-Cl significantly increased the levels of antioxidant enzymes glutamate-cysteine ligase, heme oxygenase-1, NADPH:quinone oxidoreductase 1, and peroxiredoxin-1 in BV2 cells, whereas taurine slightly increased some of them. Antioxidant enzyme levels were increased in the post-MCAO brains, and Tau-Cl further increased the level of MCAO-induced antioxidant enzymes. These results suggest that the neutrophils infiltrate the area of ischemic injury area, where taurine is converted to Tau-Cl, thus protecting from brain injury by scavenging toxic HOCl and increasing antioxidant enzyme expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Song-I Seol
- Department of Anatomy, Inha University School of Medicine, Incheon 22212, Korea; (S.-I.S.); (H.-K.L.)
- BK21, Program in Biomedical Science & Engineering, Inha University, Incheon 22212, Korea; (H.J.K.); (E.B.C.)
| | - Hyun Jae Kim
- BK21, Program in Biomedical Science & Engineering, Inha University, Incheon 22212, Korea; (H.J.K.); (E.B.C.)
- Laboratory of Leukocyte Signaling Research, Department of Pharmacology, Inha University School of Medicine, Incheon 22212, Korea;
| | - Eun Bi Choi
- BK21, Program in Biomedical Science & Engineering, Inha University, Incheon 22212, Korea; (H.J.K.); (E.B.C.)
- Laboratory of Leukocyte Signaling Research, Department of Pharmacology, Inha University School of Medicine, Incheon 22212, Korea;
| | - In Soon Kang
- Laboratory of Leukocyte Signaling Research, Department of Pharmacology, Inha University School of Medicine, Incheon 22212, Korea;
| | - Hye-Kyung Lee
- Department of Anatomy, Inha University School of Medicine, Incheon 22212, Korea; (S.-I.S.); (H.-K.L.)
| | - Ja-Kyeong Lee
- Department of Anatomy, Inha University School of Medicine, Incheon 22212, Korea; (S.-I.S.); (H.-K.L.)
- BK21, Program in Biomedical Science & Engineering, Inha University, Incheon 22212, Korea; (H.J.K.); (E.B.C.)
- Correspondence: (J.-K.L.); (C.K.); Tel.: +82-32-860-9893 (J.-K.L.); +82-32-860-9874 (C.K.); Fax: 82-32-885-8302 (J.-K.L. & C.K.)
| | - Chaekyun Kim
- BK21, Program in Biomedical Science & Engineering, Inha University, Incheon 22212, Korea; (H.J.K.); (E.B.C.)
- Laboratory of Leukocyte Signaling Research, Department of Pharmacology, Inha University School of Medicine, Incheon 22212, Korea;
- Convergent Research Center for Metabolism and Immunoregulation, Inha University, Incheon 22212, Korea
- Correspondence: (J.-K.L.); (C.K.); Tel.: +82-32-860-9893 (J.-K.L.); +82-32-860-9874 (C.K.); Fax: 82-32-885-8302 (J.-K.L. & C.K.)
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17
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Du L, Jiang Y, Sun Y. Astrocyte-derived exosomes carry microRNA-17-5p to protect neonatal rats from hypoxic-ischemic brain damage via inhibiting BNIP-2 expression. Neurotoxicology 2021; 83:28-39. [PMID: 33309839 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuro.2020.12.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2020] [Revised: 12/03/2020] [Accepted: 12/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Exosomes play critical roles in neurogenesis. This study aims to explore the mechanism of astrocyte-derived exosomes in neonatal rats with hypoxic-ischemic brain damage (HIBD). Astrocytes were collected and astrocyte-derived exosomes were isolated and identified. Neonatal rats were pre-treated with exosomes and then subjected to HIBD induction. Then the neurobehaviors, neuronal apoptosis, inflammation and oxidative stress in rat brain were measured. Differentially expressed microRNAs (miRNAs) in rat brain before and after HI procedure were analyzed. H19-7 cells were subjected to oxygen and glucose deprivation (OGD) for in vitro studies. Target relation between miR-17-5p and BNIP2 was identified. Gain- and loss-of functions of miR-17-5p and BNIP2 were conducted to identify their roles in viability, apoptosis, oxidative stress and inflammation of OGD-treated cells. Collectively, astrocyte-derived exosomes improved neurobehaviors, and reduced cerebral infarction, neuronal apoptosis, oxidative and inflammation in vivo and in vitro. The exosomes carried miR-17-5p bound to BNIP2 and negatively regulated BNIP2 expression in OGD-treated cells. Over-expression of miR-17-5p increased viability, and decreased OGD-induced apoptosis, oxidative stress and inflammation of H19-7 cells, which were reversed by over-expression of BNIP2. Taken together, the study suggested that astrocyte-derived exosomes could carry miR-17-5p to protect neonatal rats from HIBD via inhibiting BNIP-2 expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Du
- Department of Developmental Behavioral Pediatrics, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, 130021, PR China.
| | - Yuying Jiang
- Department of Ophthalmology, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, 130000, PR China
| | - Ying Sun
- Department of Abdominal Ultrasonography, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, 130021, PR China.
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18
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Li H, Feng Y, Sun W, Kong Y, Jia L. Antioxidation, anti-inflammation and anti-fibrosis effect of phosphorylated polysaccharides from Pleurotus djamor mycelia on adenine-induced chronic renal failure mice. Int J Biol Macromol 2021; 170:652-663. [PMID: 33359803 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2020.12.159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2020] [Revised: 12/14/2020] [Accepted: 12/20/2020] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
The mycelia polysaccharides (MPS) from Pleurotus djamor were prepared and purified by anion exchange column chromatography, and the phosphate content of phosphorylated MPS (PMPS) was 15.22 ± 0.37%. FT-IR spectra, HPLC and 1H and 13C-NMR results showed the PMPS contained α-pyranose structure and the peak area percentage composition of galacturonic acid and glucose were 13.01% and 85.82%, respectively. Animal experiment investigated the antioxidant, anti-inflammation, anti-fibrosis effects of PMPS on kidney in adenine-induced chronic renal failure (CRF) mice. All results including serum biochemical indices, histopathological observation, qRT-PCR, western blotting, immunohistochemical staining manifested the kidney injury could be remitted by PMPS interventions. This experiment suggested that PMPS could remit CRF and other kidney injury related diseases as one kind of dietary supplements and functional foods without toxic side effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huaping Li
- College of Life Science, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian 271018, China
| | - Yanbo Feng
- College of Life Science, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian 271018, China
| | - Wenxue Sun
- College of Life Science, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian 271018, China
| | - Yi Kong
- Tai'an Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 271000 Tai'an, China.
| | - Le Jia
- College of Life Science, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian 271018, China.
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19
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Yun L, Wu T, Mao Z, Li W, Zhang M, Sun X. A novel wheat germ polysaccharide: Structural characterization, potential antioxidant activities and mechanism. Int J Biol Macromol 2020; 165:1978-1987. [PMID: 33098902 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2020.10.112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2020] [Revised: 10/13/2020] [Accepted: 10/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
A wheat germ polysaccharide (WGP-1) was isolated from wheat germ through hot-water (pH = 7.3) extraction and further fractionated by anion-exchange column using DEAE-52 cellulose column and purified by gel-permeation chromatography using Sephacryl S-500 column. WGP-1 was mainly consisted with rhamnose, arabinose, xylose, mannose, galactose and glucose, and linked with 1→, 1 → 2, 1 → 4, 1 → 3 and 1 → 6 glucosidic bands. The present study was designed to evaluate the antioxidant activities of WGP-1 in oleic acid (OA)-induced HepG2 cell model with its related mechanisms. Results showed that WGP-1 remarkably elevated the expression of superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-PX) and total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC), and decreased the levels of malondialdehyde (MDA) and reactive oxygen species (ROS) in OA-treated cell. WGP-1 was found to promote the expression of PI3K, the phosphorylation of AKT and the translocation of Nrf2, further increased the expression of HO-1 in OA-induced cells. These results demonstrate again that WGP-1 can effectively improve OA-induced oxidative damage, probably by up-regulating of PI3K expression, Nrf2 translocation, and AKT phosphorylation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liyuan Yun
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Food Biotechnology Engineering Research Center of Ministry of Education, College of food Science and Engineering, Tianjin University of Science & Technology, Tianjin 300457, China
| | - Tao Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Food Biotechnology Engineering Research Center of Ministry of Education, College of food Science and Engineering, Tianjin University of Science & Technology, Tianjin 300457, China
| | - Zhitao Mao
- Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tianjin 300308, China
| | - Wen Li
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Food Biotechnology Engineering Research Center of Ministry of Education, College of food Science and Engineering, Tianjin University of Science & Technology, Tianjin 300457, China
| | - Min Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Food Biotechnology Engineering Research Center of Ministry of Education, College of food Science and Engineering, Tianjin University of Science & Technology, Tianjin 300457, China; Tianjin Agricultural University, Tianjin 300191, China.
| | - Xiaotao Sun
- Beijing Laboratory of Food Quality and Safety, School of Food and Chemical Engineering, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China.
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C/EBPα-mediated transcriptional activation of miR-134-5p entails KPNA3 inhibition and modulates focal hypoxic-ischemic brain damage in neonatal rats. Brain Res Bull 2020; 164:350-360. [PMID: 32814091 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainresbull.2020.08.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2020] [Revised: 07/21/2020] [Accepted: 08/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Hypoxic-ischemic brain damage (HIBD) is a frequent cause of mortality and neurological handicaps in infants and children worldwide. To understand better the pathogenesis and management of HIBD, we established a HIBD model by common carotid artery ligation followed by systemic hypoxia in neonatal rats, and in other studies induced neuronal death in rat pheochromocytoma (PC12) cells by 12 h of oxygen-glucose deprivation (OGD). The level of KPNA3 declined in rats following experimental HIBD and in PC12 cells following OGD. KPNA3 overexpression protected neonatal rats against HIBD and PC12 cells against OGD-induced cell death. KPNA3 demonstrated to be the target of miR-134-5p could be activated by the transcriptional factor CCAAT/enhancer binding protein alpha (C/EBPα). The expression of miR-134-5p and C/EBPα was elevated in rats following experimental HIBD and in PC12 cells following OGD. In the parallel experiments, C/EBPα knockdown and miR-134 inhibition protected against HIBD pathology in neonatal rats and against OGD-induced neuronal death in PC12 cells. These findings reveal that the C/EBPα/miR-134-5p/KPNA3 axis mediates hypoxic-ischemic brain damage and neuronal death, thus presenting a potential therapeutic target for the treatment of human newborns at risk for HIBD.
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21
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Li Y, Sun J, Wu R, Bai J, Hou Y, Zeng Y, Zhang Y, Wang X, Wang Z, Meng X. Mitochondrial MPTP: A Novel Target of Ethnomedicine for Stroke Treatment by Apoptosis Inhibition. Front Pharmacol 2020; 11:352. [PMID: 32269527 PMCID: PMC7109312 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2020.00352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2020] [Accepted: 03/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Mammalian mitochondrial permeability transition pore (MPTP), across the inner and outer membranes of mitochondria, is a nonspecific channel for signal transduction or material transfer between mitochondrial matrix and cytoplasm such as maintenance of Ca2+ homeostasis, regulation of oxidative stress signals, and protein translocation evoked by some of stimuli. Continuous MPTP opening has been proved to stimulate neuronal apoptosis in ischemic stroke. Meanwhile, inhibition of MPTP overopening-induced apoptosis has shown excellent efficacy in the treatment of ischemic stroke. Among of which, the potential molecular mechanisms of drug therapy for stroke has also been gradually revealed by researchers. The characteristics of multi-components or multi-targets for ethnic drugs also provide the possibility to treat stroke from the perspective of mitochondrial MPTP. The advantages mentioned above make it necessary for us to explore and clarify the new perspective of ethnic medicine in treating stroke and to determine the specific molecular mechanisms through advanced technologies as much as possible. In this review, we attempt to uncover the relationship between abnormal MPTP opening and neuronal apoptosis in ischemic stroke. We further summarized currently authorized drugs, ethnic medicine prescriptions, herbs, and identified monomer compounds for inhibition of MPTP overopening-induced ischemic neuron apoptosis. Finally, we strive to provide a new perspective and enlightenment for ethnic medicine in the prevention and treatment of stroke by inhibition of MPTP overopening-induced neuronal apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yangxin Li
- Ethnic Medicine Academic Heritage Innovation Research Center, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Jiayi Sun
- Innovative Institute of Chinese Medicine and Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Ruixia Wu
- School of Ethnic Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Jinrong Bai
- Ethnic Medicine Academic Heritage Innovation Research Center, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Ya Hou
- Ethnic Medicine Academic Heritage Innovation Research Center, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Yong Zeng
- Ethnic Medicine Academic Heritage Innovation Research Center, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Yi Zhang
- Ethnic Medicine Academic Heritage Innovation Research Center, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China.,School of Ethnic Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiaobo Wang
- Ethnic Medicine Academic Heritage Innovation Research Center, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Zhang Wang
- School of Ethnic Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Xianli Meng
- Ethnic Medicine Academic Heritage Innovation Research Center, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China.,Innovative Institute of Chinese Medicine and Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
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22
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Gul Z, Buyukuysal MC, Buyukuysal RL. Brain slice viability determined under normoxic and oxidative stress conditions: involvement of slice quantity in the medium. Neurol Res 2020; 42:228-238. [DOI: 10.1080/01616412.2020.1723299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Zulfiye Gul
- Department of Medical Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Bahcesehir University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - M. Cagatay Buyukuysal
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Medicine, Bulent Ecevit University, Zonguldak, Turkey
| | - R. Levent Buyukuysal
- Department of Medical Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Uludag University, Bursa, Turkey
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23
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24
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Wang C, Wang X, Xu L, Cheng Y. Neuroprotective Activity of Icariin Against Hypoxic-ischemic Brain Injury in Neonatal Rats. INT J PHARMACOL 2019. [DOI: 10.3923/ijp.2019.829.836] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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25
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Hortensius LM, van Elburg RM, Nijboer CH, Benders MJNL, de Theije CGM. Postnatal Nutrition to Improve Brain Development in the Preterm Infant: A Systematic Review From Bench to Bedside. Front Physiol 2019; 10:961. [PMID: 31404162 PMCID: PMC6677108 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2019.00961] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2019] [Accepted: 07/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Preterm infants are at high risk for Encephalopathy of Prematurity and successive adverse neurodevelopmental outcome. Adequate nutrition is crucial for healthy brain development. Maternal breast milk is first choice of post-natal enteral nutrition for preterm infants. However, breast milk contains insufficient nutrient quantities to meet the greater nutritional needs of preterm infants, meaning that supplementation is recommended. Aim: To provide an overview of current literature on potential nutritional interventions for improvement of neurodevelopmental outcome in preterm infants, by taking a bench to bedside approach from pre-clinical models of neonatal brain injury to randomized controlled clinical trials (RCTs) in preterm infants. Methods: Separate clinical and pre-clinical searches were performed in Medline and Embase for English written papers published between 08/2008 and 08/2018 that studied a single nutritional component. Papers were included if one of the following components was studied: lipids, carbohydrates, proteins, vitamins, minerals, probiotics, prebiotics, oligosaccharides, fatty acids, or amino acids, with brain injury, brain development or neurodevelopmental outcome as outcome measure in preterm infants (gestational age <32 weeks and/or birth weight <1,500 g) or in animal models of neonatal brain injury. Results: In total, 2,671 pre-clinical studies and 852 RCTs were screened, of which 24 pre-clinical and 22 RCTs were included in this review. In these trials supplementation with amino acids and protein, lipids, probiotics (only clinical), prebiotics (only clinical), vitamins, and minerals was studied. All included pre-clinical studies show positive effect of supplementation on brain injury and/or neurodevelopment. Although some nutrients, such as glutamine, show promising short term outcome in clinical studies, no evident long term effect of any supplemented nutrient was found. Main limitations were inclusion of studies no older than 10 years at time of search and studies that focused on single nutritional components only. Conclusion: Even though many pre-clinical trials demonstrate promising effects of different nutritional interventions on reducing brain injury and/or improving neurodevelopmental outcome, these positive effects have so far not evidently been demonstrated in RCTs. More clinically relevant animal models and long term follow up after clinical trials are needed to move novel nutritional therapies from bench to bedside of preterm infants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisa M. Hortensius
- Department of Neonatology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Ruurd M. van Elburg
- Emma Children's Hospital, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
- Danone Nutricia Research, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Cora H. Nijboer
- Laboratory of Neuroimmunology and Developmental Origins of Disease, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Manon J. N. L. Benders
- Department of Neonatology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands
- Laboratory of Neuroimmunology and Developmental Origins of Disease, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Caroline G. M. de Theije
- Laboratory of Neuroimmunology and Developmental Origins of Disease, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands
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26
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Li H, Zhao H, Gao Z, Song X, Wang W, Yuan F, Feng Y, Zhang Y, Zhang J, Zhang S, Jia L. The Antioxidant and Anti-Aging Effects of Acetylated Mycelia Polysaccharides from Pleurotus djamor. Molecules 2019; 24:E2698. [PMID: 31344969 PMCID: PMC6696436 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24152698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2019] [Revised: 06/24/2019] [Accepted: 07/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The present work mainly describes the preparation of acetylated mycelia polysaccharides (AMPS) from Pleurotus djamor and investigates the antioxidant and anti-aging effects in d-galactose-induced aging mice. The optimized procedure indicates the acetyl substitution degree of AMPS is 0.54 ± 0.04 under the conditions of a reaction time of 56 h, a reaction temperature of 37 °C, and 4 mL of added acetic anhydride. The in vitro analysis and in vivo animal experiments indicate that the AMPS could alleviate the aging properties by scavenging the radicals, elevating the enzyme activities, and reducing the lipid contents. As for serum levels, the AMPS can improve the serum biochemical indices and enhance immunological activity. The histopathological observations indicate that the injuries to the liver, kidney, and brain can be remitted by AMPS intervention. The characterization showed that AMPS was one kind of β-pyranose with the weight-average molecular weights of 3.61 × 105 Da and the major monosaccharides of mannose and glucose. The results suggest that AMPS can be used as a dietary supplement and functional food for the prevention of aging and age-related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huaping Li
- Dezhou Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Dezhou 253015, China
- College of Life Science, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian 271018, China
| | - Huajie Zhao
- College of Life Science, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian 271018, China
| | - Zheng Gao
- College of Life Science, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian 271018, China
| | - Xinling Song
- College of Life Science, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian 271018, China
| | - Wenshuai Wang
- College of Life Science, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian 271018, China
| | - Fangfang Yuan
- College of Life Science, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian 271018, China
| | - Yanbo Feng
- College of Life Science, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian 271018, China
| | - Yiwen Zhang
- College of Life Science, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian 271018, China
| | - Jianjun Zhang
- College of Life Science, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian 271018, China
| | - Shuliang Zhang
- Dezhou Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Dezhou 253015, China.
| | - Le Jia
- College of Life Science, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian 271018, China.
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27
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Lan XB, Wang Q, Yang JM, Ma L, Zhang WJ, Zheng P, Sun T, Niu JG, Liu N, Yu JQ. Neuroprotective effect of Vanillin on hypoxic-ischemic brain damage in neonatal rats. Biomed Pharmacother 2019; 118:109196. [PMID: 31310955 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2019.109196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2019] [Revised: 07/01/2019] [Accepted: 07/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Neonatal hypoxic-ischemic brain damage (HIBD) is a leading cause of death and perpetual neurological dysfunction in neonates. Vanillin (Van), a natural phenolic compound with neuroprotective properties, exerts neuroprotection on a gerbil model of global ischemia by inhibiting oxidative damage. This study aimed to explore the potential neuroprotective roles of Van in neonatal rats suffering from hypoxic-ischemic (HI). An HI model of 7-day-old SD rats was induced by left carotid artery ligation followed by exposure to 8% oxygen (balanced with nitrogen) for 2.5 h at 37 °C. At 48 h after intraperitoneal injection with Van (20, 40, and 80 mg/kg) or saline, neurobehavioral function, cerebral infract volume, brain water content, and histomorphological changes were performed to evaluate brain injury. Transmission electron microscopy and immunoglobulin G (IgG) staining were conducted to evaluate the integrity of the blood-brain barrier (BBB). The levels of oxidative stress and tight junction proteins, as well as the activities of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs), were also determined in the ipsilateral hemisphere. Results showed that Van post-treatment significantly ameliorated early neurobehavioral deficits, decreased infarct volume and brain edema, as well as attenuated histopathologic injury and IgG extravasation. Furthermore, Van markedly increased the activities of endogenous antioxidant enzymes and decreased malondialdehyde content. Meanwhile, the activation of MMP-2 and MMP-9 induced by HI was partially blocked by Van. Finally, Van obviously increased the expression of ZO-1, Occludin, and Claudin-5 compared with the HI group. Collectively, Van can provide neuroprotective effects against neonatal HIBD possibly by attenuating oxidative damage and preserving BBB integrity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Bing Lan
- Department of Pharmacology, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region 750004, People's Republic of China
| | - Qing Wang
- Department of Pharmacology, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region 750004, People's Republic of China
| | - Jia-Mei Yang
- Department of Pharmacology, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region 750004, People's Republic of China
| | - Lin Ma
- Ningxia Key Laboratory of Craniocerebral Diseases of Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region 750004, People's Republic of China
| | - Wen-Jin Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region 750004, People's Republic of China
| | - Ping Zheng
- Department of Pharmacology, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region 750004, People's Republic of China
| | - Tao Sun
- Ningxia Key Laboratory of Craniocerebral Diseases of Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region 750004, People's Republic of China
| | - Jian-Guo Niu
- Ningxia Key Laboratory of Craniocerebral Diseases of Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region 750004, People's Republic of China.
| | - Ning Liu
- Department of Pharmacology, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region 750004, People's Republic of China.
| | - Jian-Qiang Yu
- Department of Pharmacology, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region 750004, People's Republic of China; Ningxia Hui Medicine Modern Engineering Research Center and Collaborative Innovation Center, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region 750004, People's Republic of China.
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28
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Oxymatrine protects neonatal rat against hypoxic-ischemic brain damage via PI3K/Akt/GSK3β pathway. Life Sci 2019; 254:116444. [PMID: 31102745 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2019.04.070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2019] [Revised: 04/27/2019] [Accepted: 04/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
AIMS In this study we aimed to explore the specific effect and mechanism of oxymatrine on neonatal rats hypoxic-ischemic brain damage. MATERIALS AND METHODS Hypoxia-ischemia damage model was built by ligaturing the left common carotid artery in 7-day-old rat. Rat pups in OMT group received intraperitoneal injection with oxymatrine (120 mg/kg). Oxygen glucose deprivation/reperfusion model was created in hippocampal neurons. Neurological behavioral, histopathological alteration, cell viability, intracellular Ca2+ concentration, MMP and cell apoptosis were used in damage evaluation. KEY FINDINGS The results shown that oxymatrine regulated brain damage and cell apoptosis by controlling NR2B-PI3K/Akt/GSK3β signaling pathway. SIGNIFICANCE Neonatal hypoxic-ischemic brain damage is a destructive injury that leading to death and detrimental neurological deficits. Oxymatrine is a natural alkaloid compound that can alleviate the ischemic cerebral infarction. In the study, 120 mg/kg oxymatrine decreased neuroethology damage and neuronal damage in the cerebral cortex and the hippocampus CA3. Moreover, 0.2, 1, 5 μg/ml oxymatrine improved cell survival, decreased cell apoptosis. The utilization of LY293004 (PI3K signaling pathway inhibitor) also supported that oxymatrine ameliorated neonatal hypoxic-ischemic brain damage and cell injury by controlling NR2B-PI3K/Akt/GSK3β signaling pathway.
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29
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Miles AR, Hawrysh PJ, Hossein-Javaheri N, Buck LT. Taurine activates glycine and GABA A receptor currents in anoxia-tolerant painted turtle pyramidal neurons. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2018; 221:jeb.181529. [PMID: 30237241 DOI: 10.1242/jeb.181529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2018] [Accepted: 09/13/2018] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Unlike anoxia-intolerant mammals, painted turtles can survive extended periods without oxygen. This is partly accomplished by an anoxia-mediated increase in gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) release, which activates GABA receptors and mediates spike arrest in turtle neurons via shunting inhibition. Extracellular taurine levels also increase during anoxia; why this occurs is unknown but it is speculated that glycine and/or GABAA/B receptors are involved. Given the general importance of inhibitory neurotransmission in the anoxia-tolerant painted turtle brain, we investigated the function of taurine as an inhibitory neuromodulator in turtle pyramidal neurons. Using whole-cell patch-clamp electrophysiological methods to record from neurons within a cortical brain sheet, we found that taurine depolarized membrane potential by ∼8 mV, increased whole-cell conductance ∼2-fold, and induced an inward current that possessed characteristics similar to GABA- and glycine-evoked currents. These effects were mitigated following glycine receptor antagonism with strychnine and GABAA receptor antagonism with gabazine, bicuculine or picrotoxin, but were unchanged following GABAB or glutamatergic receptor inhibition. These data indicate that a high concentration of taurine in vitro mediates its effects through both glycine and GABAA receptors, and suggests that taurine, in addition to GABA, inhibits neuronal activity during anoxia in the turtle cortex.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashley R Miles
- Department of Cell and Systems Biology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada M5S 3G5
| | - Peter J Hawrysh
- Department of Cell and Systems Biology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada M5S 3G5
| | | | - Leslie T Buck
- Department of Cell and Systems Biology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada M5S 3G5 .,Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada, M5S 3G5
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30
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Kim YS, Kim EK, Hwang JW, Kim JS, Shin WB, Dong X, Nawarathna WPAS, Moon SH, Jeon BT, Park PJ. Neuroprotective Effect of Taurine-Rich Cuttlefish (Sepia officinalis) Extract Against Hydrogen Peroxide-Induced Oxidative Stress in SH-SY5Y Cells. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2018; 975 Pt 1:243-254. [PMID: 28849460 DOI: 10.1007/978-94-024-1079-2_22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Oxidative stress mediates the cell damage in several neurodegenerative diseases, some of which are Alzheimer's disease (AD), multiple sclerosis and Parkinson's disease (PD). In this study, we investigated whether the taurine-rich cuttlefish extract could exert a protective effect on damaged human neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y cells induced by hydrogen peroxide (H2O2). Our results revealed that pre-treatment with cuttlefish extract effectively increased the cell viability by protecting the cells from intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) induced by H2O2 exposure. Furthermore, apoptosis related proteins Bcl-2 and Bax were investigated by western-blot analysis and results indicated that cuttlefish extract promoted the expression of anti-apoptotic Bcl-2 protein while inhibiting the expression of pro-apoptotic Bax protein. Therefore, cuttlefish extract containing the ability of scavenging excessive ROS, the capacity of anti-oxidative stress, could be employed in neurodegenerative disease prevention. In conclusion, the results suggest that cuttlefish extract could be used as a potential candidate for preventing several human neurodegenerative and other disorders caused by oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yon-Suk Kim
- Department of Biotechnology, Konkuk University, Chungju, 27478, South Korea
| | - Eun-Kyung Kim
- Division of Food Bio Science, Konkuk University, Chungju, 27478, South Korea
| | - Jin-Woo Hwang
- Department of Biotechnology, Konkuk University, Chungju, 27478, South Korea
| | - Jin-Soo Kim
- Division of Marine Bioscience, Institute of Marine Industry, Gyeongsang National University, Tongyeong, 53064, South Korea
| | - Woen-Bin Shin
- Department of Biotechnology, Konkuk University, Chungju, 27478, South Korea
| | - Xin Dong
- Department of Biotechnology, Konkuk University, Chungju, 27478, South Korea
| | | | - Sang-Ho Moon
- Korea Nokyong Research Center, Konkuk University, Chungju, 27478, South Korea
| | - Byong-Tae Jeon
- Korea Nokyong Research Center, Konkuk University, Chungju, 27478, South Korea
| | - Pyo-Jam Park
- Department of Biotechnology, Konkuk University, Chungju, 27478, South Korea.
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Li Y, Li S, Xie X, Xiu H, Liu X, Shao J, Zhang X. Neuroprotection by Taurine on HBCD-Induced Apoptosis in PC12 Cells. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2018; 975 Pt 1:95-106. [PMID: 28849447 DOI: 10.1007/978-94-024-1079-2_9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Hexabromocyclododecane (HBCD) is a widely used brominated flame retardant (BFR). Because of their presence in human issues, including brain tissue, concern has been raised on their possible neurotoxicity. Presently, we explored the neuroprotection of taurine against HBCD-induced apoptotic damages in PC12 cells. Cells were pre-treated with taurine before HBCD exposure and the viability was assayed via the methyl-thiazolyl-tetrazolium (MTT) method. Apoptotic features were observed with Hoechst 33342 staining. Apoptotic ratio was measured using flow cytometry with Annexin V-FITC coupled propidium iodide (PI) double staining. The changes in the levels of Bcl-2 and Bax proteins were quantitated by the western blot. The activity of caspase-3 was tested and the results revealed that presence of HBCD decreased cell survival and led to apoptosis in the tested cells. Further, exposure of HBCD reduced protein expression of Bcl-2, increased expression in Bax protein and activity of caspase-3. Taurine attenuated HBCD-induced cell viability loss and cell apoptosis. Moreover, taurine significantly prevented from reducing Bcl-2 protein expression and elevating Bax protein expression and caspase-3 activity induced by HBCD. These results demonstrated that taurine can alleviate HBCD-induced apoptosis by altering Bcl-2 expression and Bax protein and Caspase-3 activity in PC12.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yachen Li
- School of Public Health, Dalian Medical University, No. 9 Western Section of Lushun South Road, Dalian, 116044, China.
| | - Shuangyue Li
- School of Public Health, Dalian Medical University, No. 9 Western Section of Lushun South Road, Dalian, 116044, China
| | - Xizhe Xie
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Hang Xiu
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Xiaohui Liu
- School of Public Health, Dalian Medical University, No. 9 Western Section of Lushun South Road, Dalian, 116044, China
| | - Jing Shao
- School of Public Health, Dalian Medical University, No. 9 Western Section of Lushun South Road, Dalian, 116044, China
| | - Xiuli Zhang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, 264003, China.
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Kim YS, Sung SH, Tang Y, Choi EJ, Choi YJ, Hwang YJ, Park PJ, Kim EK. Protective Effect of Taurine on Mice with Doxorubicin-induced Acute Kidney Injury. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2018; 975 Pt 2:1191-1201. [PMID: 28849533 DOI: 10.1007/978-94-024-1079-2_95] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Nephrotic syndrome is still a therapeutic challenge because an effective treatment has not been developed. Evidence suggests that multidrug therapy is more effective than monotherapy in amelioration of renal injury. Therefore, we examined if taurine exerts a protective effect on doxorubicin-induced acute kidney injury in mice. Eight-week-old male Balb/c nude mice were used in this study. Taurine was orally administered at a dose of 50 mg/kg and 100 mg/kg body weight for 5 days. In the meantime, the mice were administered intraperitoneal injections of doxorubicin at 15 mg/kg body weight. At 24 h after the doxorubicin challenge, the response in the taurine-treated mice was compared with that in the vehicle-treated control mice. The doxorubicin-induced acute kidney injury model displayed a significant increase in the renal expression of apoptosis-related proteins (p53, phospho-p53, caspase 9, and caspase 3), whereas in the taurine-treated mice, the augmented expression of renal inflammation-related mRNAs such as NF-kB, COX-2, and iNOS was down-regulated. These results suggest that taurine acts as a renoprotective agent by inhibiting apoptosis and inflammation in the kidney of mice with doxorubicin-induced renal injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yon-Suk Kim
- Division of Food Bioscience, Konkuk University, Chungju, South Korea
| | - Si-Heung Sung
- Division Korea Nokyong Research Center, Konkuk University, Chungju, South Korea
- Department of Biotechnology, Konkuk University, Chungju, South Korea
| | - Yujiao Tang
- Division Korea Nokyong Research Center, Konkuk University, Chungju, South Korea
- Department of Biotechnology, Konkuk University, Chungju, South Korea
| | - Eun-Ju Choi
- Division of Sport Science, Konkuk University, Chungju, South Korea
| | - Young-Jin Choi
- Division Korea Nokyong Research Center, Konkuk University, Chungju, South Korea
| | - Young Joung Hwang
- Department of Food Science and Culinary, International University of Korea, Jinju, South Korea
| | - Pyo-Jam Park
- Division of Food Bioscience, Konkuk University, Chungju, South Korea
- Department of Biotechnology, Konkuk University, Chungju, South Korea
| | - Eun-Kyung Kim
- Division Korea Nokyong Research Center, Konkuk University, Chungju, South Korea.
- Department of Biotechnology, Konkuk University, Chungju, South Korea.
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Han EJ, Um JH, Kim EA, Lee W, Kang N, Oh JY, Park SY, Jeon YJ, Ahn CB, Lee SH, Ahn G. Protective Effects of An Water Extracts Prepared from Loliolus beka Gray Meat Against H 2O 2-Induced Oxidative Stress in Chang Liver Cells and Zebrafish Embryo Model. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2018; 975 Pt 1:585-601. [PMID: 28849484 DOI: 10.1007/978-94-024-1079-2_46] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
In this study, we first evaluated protective effects of Loliolus beka in a human liver cell line and zebrafish embryo model with its anti-oxidant activity. First, we prepared the water extract from L. beka meat (LBMW) at room temperature for 24 h and revealed it consisted of a rich taurine. LBMW exhibited the scavenging effects against 2,2-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzthiazoline)-6-sulfonic acid (ABTS) and 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radicals and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) as well as the high value of oxygen radical absorbance capacity (ORAC). Also, the hydroxyl radical-induced DNA damage was dose-dependently reduced by the treatment of LBMW. In addition, LBMW showed no cytotoxicity and reduced the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in H2O2-treated hepatocytes. Moreover, LBMW regulated the expression of an anti-apoptotic molecule, Bcl-2 and the expression of pro-apoptotic molecules, Bax and PARP in H2O2-treated hepatocytes as well as the increment of antioxidant mediated-HO-1 and Nrf2 protein expression. In further study, LBMW improved the survival rate and decreased the production of ROS in H2O2-treated zebrafish embryo model. Therefore, our results suggest that Loliolus beka has protective effects against H2O2-induced oxidative stress and may be used as a potential source for functional foods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eui Jeong Han
- Deparment of Food Technology and Nutrition, Chonnam National University, Yeosu, Republic of Korea
| | - Ju Hyung Um
- Deparment of Food Technology and Nutrition, Chonnam National University, Yeosu, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun A Kim
- Jeju International Marine Science Center for Research and Education, Korea Institute of Ocean Science & Technology (KIOST), Jeju, Republic of Korea
| | - WonWoo Lee
- Department of Marine Life Science, Jeju National University, Jeju, Republic of Korea
| | - Nalae Kang
- Department of Marine Bio-Food Sciences, Chonnam National University, Yeosu, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae Young Oh
- Department of Marine Life Science, Jeju National University, Jeju, Republic of Korea
| | - Soo Yeon Park
- Deparment of Food Technology and Nutrition, Chonnam National University, Yeosu, Republic of Korea
| | - You-Jin Jeon
- Department of Marine Life Science, Jeju National University, Jeju, Republic of Korea
| | - Chang-Bum Ahn
- Deparment of Food Technology and Nutrition, Chonnam National University, Yeosu, Republic of Korea
- Division of Food and Nutrition, Chonnam National University, Gwang ju, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung Hong Lee
- Division of Food Bioscience and Korea Nokyong Research Center, Konkuk University, Chungju, Republic of Korea
| | - Ginnae Ahn
- Deparment of Food Technology and Nutrition, Chonnam National University, Yeosu, Republic of Korea.
- Department of Marine Bio-Food Sciences, Chonnam National University, Yeosu, Republic of Korea.
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Taurine protects dopaminergic neurons in a mouse Parkinson's disease model through inhibition of microglial M1 polarization. Cell Death Dis 2018; 9:435. [PMID: 29568078 PMCID: PMC5864871 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-018-0468-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2017] [Revised: 02/28/2018] [Accepted: 03/09/2018] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Microglia-mediated neuroinflammation is implicated in multiple neurodegenerative disorders, including Parkinson’s disease (PD). Hence, the modulatioein of sustained microglial activation may have therapeutic potential. This study is designed to test the neuroprotective efficacy of taurine, a major intracellular free β-amino acid in mammalian tissues, by using paraquat and maneb-induced PD model. Results showed that mice intoxicated with paraquat and maneb displayed progressive dopaminergic neurodegeneration and motor deficits, which was significantly ameliorated by taurine. Taurine also attenuated the aggregation of α-synuclein in paraquat and maneb-intoxicated mice. Mechanistically, taurine suppressed paraquat and maneb-induced microglial activation. Moreover, depletion of microglia abrogated the dopaminergic neuroprotective effects of taurine, revealing the role of microglial activation in taurine-afforded neuroprotection. Subsequently, we found that taurine suppressed paraquat and maneb-induced microglial M1 polarization and gene expression levels of proinflammatory factors. Furthermore, taurine was shown to be able to inhibit the activation of NADPH oxidase (NOX2) by interfering with membrane translocation of cytosolic subunit, p47phox and nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) pathway, two key factors for the initiation and maintenance of M1 microglial inflammatory response. Altogether, our results showed that taurine exerted dopaminergic neuroprotection through inactivation of microglia-mediated neuroinflammation, providing a promising avenue and candidate for the potential therapy for patients suffering from PD.
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Kilb W, Fukuda A. Taurine as an Essential Neuromodulator during Perinatal Cortical Development. Front Cell Neurosci 2017; 11:328. [PMID: 29123472 PMCID: PMC5662885 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2017.00328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2017] [Accepted: 10/04/2017] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
A variety of experimental studies demonstrated that neurotransmitters are an important factor for the development of the central nervous system, affecting neurodevelopmental events like neurogenesis, neuronal migration, programmed cell death, and differentiation. While the role of the classical neurotransmitters glutamate and gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) on neuronal development is well established, the aminosulfonic acid taurine has also been considered as possible neuromodulator during early neuronal development. The purpose of the present review article is to summarize the properties of taurine as neuromodulator in detail, focusing on the direct involvement of taurine on various neurodevelopmental events and the regulation of neuronal activity during early developmental epochs. The current knowledge is that taurine lacks a synaptic release mechanism but is released by volume-sensitive organic anion channels and/or a reversal of the taurine transporter. Extracellular taurine affects neurons and neuronal progenitor cells mainly via glycine, GABA(A), and GABA(B) receptors with considerable receptor and subtype-specific affinities. Taurine has been shown to directly influence neurogenesis in vitro as well as neuronal migration in vitro and in vivo. It provides a depolarizing signal for a variety of neuronal population in the immature central nervous system, thereby directly influencing neuronal activity. While in the neocortex, taurine probably enhance neuronal activity, in the immature hippocampus, a tonic taurinergic tone might be necessary to attenuate activity. In summary, taurine must be considered as an essential modulator of neurodevelopmental events, and possible adverse consequences on fetal and/or early postnatal development should be evaluated for pharmacological therapies affecting taurinergic functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Werner Kilb
- Institute of Physiology, University Medical Center, Johannes Gutenberg University of Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Atsuo Fukuda
- Department of Neurophysiology, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Hamamatsu, Japan
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Characterization of Separation and Purification Technology and Identification of Taurine from the Bovine Liver. FOOD ANAL METHOD 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/s12161-017-1012-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
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Wu W, Wei W, Lu M, Zhu X, Liu N, Niu Y, Sun T, Li Y, Yu J. Neuroprotective Effect of Chitosan Oligosaccharide on Hypoxic-Ischemic Brain Damage in Neonatal Rats. Neurochem Res 2017; 42:3186-3198. [PMID: 28755288 DOI: 10.1007/s11064-017-2356-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2017] [Revised: 07/05/2017] [Accepted: 07/12/2017] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Neonatal hypoxic-ischemic brain damage (HIBD) is one of the leading causes of neonatal mortality and permanent neurological disability worldwide and the effective treatment strategies are not yet available. It has been demonstrated that Chitosan oligosaccharide (COS) exerts protective effect in vitro ischemic brain injury. However, no information is available on possible effects of COS on neonatal HIBD. To investigate the hypothesis of the potential neuroprotective effect of COS on the brain injury due to HIBD, 7-day-old Sprague-Dawley rats were treated with left carotid artery ligation followed by exposure to 8% oxygen (balanced with nitrogen) for 2.5 h at 37 °C. After COS treatment, the cerebral damage was measured by behavior tasks, 2,3,5-triphenyltetrazolium chloride(TTC), Hematoxyline-Eosin(HE), Nissl and Fluoro-Jade B(FJB)staining. In addition, the oxidative stress were assayed with ipsilateral hemisphere homogenates. Immunofluorescence staining were used to examine the activation of the astrocyte and microglia. Expression of inflammatory-related proteins were analyzed by western-blot analysis. In this study we found that administration of COS ameliorated early neurological reflex behavior, significantly reduce brain infarct volume and attenuated neuronal cell injury and degeneration. Furthermore, COS markedly decreased the level of MDA, lactic acid and increased SOD, GSH-Px and T-AOC. COS attenuated hypoxic-ischemic induced up-regulation of expressions of interleukin-1β (IL-1β), tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), meanwhile it dramatically increased the interleukin-10 (IL-10). These results suggest that COS exerts neuroprotection on hypoxic-ischemic brain damage in neonatal rats, it implies COS might be a potential therapeutic for the treatment of HIBD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Wu
- Department of Pharmacology, Ningxia Medical University, 1160 Shengli Street, Yinchuan, Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, 750004, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Wei
- Department of Pharmacology, Ningxia Medical University, 1160 Shengli Street, Yinchuan, Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, 750004, People's Republic of China
| | - Min Lu
- Department of Pharmacology, Ningxia Medical University, 1160 Shengli Street, Yinchuan, Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, 750004, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoyun Zhu
- Department of Pharmacology, Ningxia Medical University, 1160 Shengli Street, Yinchuan, Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, 750004, People's Republic of China
| | - Ning Liu
- Department of Pharmacology, Ningxia Medical University, 1160 Shengli Street, Yinchuan, Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, 750004, People's Republic of China
| | - Yang Niu
- Key Laboratory of Hui Ethnic Medicine Modernization, Ministry of Education, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, 750004, People's Republic of China
| | - Tao Sun
- Ningxia Key Laboratory of Craniocerebral Diseases of Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, 750004, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuxiang Li
- College of Nursing, Ningxia Medical University, 1160 Shengli Street, Yinchuan, Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, 750004, People's Republic of China.
| | - Jianqiang Yu
- Department of Pharmacology, Ningxia Medical University, 1160 Shengli Street, Yinchuan, Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, 750004, People's Republic of China. .,Ningxia Hui Medicine Modern Engineering Research Center and Collaborative Innovation Center, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, 750004, People's Republic of China.
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Zhang C, Gao Z, Hu C, Zhang J, Sun X, Rong C, Jia L. Antioxidant, antibacterial and anti-aging activities of intracellular zinc polysaccharides from Grifola frondosa SH-05. Int J Biol Macromol 2016; 95:778-787. [PMID: 27932257 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2016.12.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2016] [Revised: 11/24/2016] [Accepted: 12/01/2016] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
In present work, the strain of Grifola frondosa SH-05 was used as a vector of zinc biotransformation to produce the IZPS. The bioactivities including antioxidant and antibacterial activities in vitro and anti-aging properties in vivo of IZPS were investigated comparing with the IPS. The results which were in consistent with the results of histopathology assay demonstrated that the IZPS had superior antioxidant and anti-aging activities by scavenging the hydroxyl and DPPH radicals, increasing enzyme activities, decreasing the MDA contents and ameliorating the anile condition of mice. Besides, the IZPS also showed potential antibacterial activities. The IZPS with higher bioactivities was composed of were Rha, Ino and Glu with a molar ratio of 4.7:3.6:1. These conclusions indicated that the IZPS might be a potential source of natural antioxidant, antibacterial agent and anti-aging agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen Zhang
- Institute of Plant and Environment Protection, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing Engineering Research Center for Edible Mushroom, Key Laboratory of Urban Agriculture (North), Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing, PR China; College of Life Science, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian 271018, PR China
| | - Zheng Gao
- College of Life Science, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian 271018, PR China
| | - Chunlong Hu
- College of Forestry, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian 271018, PR China
| | - Jianjun Zhang
- College of Life Science, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian 271018, PR China
| | - Xinyi Sun
- College of Life Science, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian 271018, PR China
| | - Chengbo Rong
- Institute of Plant and Environment Protection, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing Engineering Research Center for Edible Mushroom, Key Laboratory of Urban Agriculture (North), Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing, PR China.
| | - Le Jia
- College of Life Science, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian 271018, PR China.
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