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Liu W, Wen Z, Shi Y, Bao J, Ma S, Liang J. Research progress in the application of proteomics technology in brain injury. Biomed Chromatogr 2024; 38:e5785. [PMID: 38014505 DOI: 10.1002/bmc.5785] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2023] [Revised: 10/31/2023] [Accepted: 11/03/2023] [Indexed: 11/29/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this article is to review the application progress of proteomics technology in brain injury research in recent years, point out the current problems that need to be overcome, and explore the application prospects of proteomics analysis in brain injury. This study also aims to retrieve all literature on brain injury and proteomics and summarize it. Through searching and screening, the widespread application of proteomics technology in the treatment of traumatic brain injury (TBI) and the use of a large number of TBI biomarkers were discovered. The pathways mediated by some biomarkers and the physiological and pathological mechanisms of occurrence were elucidated. The current classification of brain injury is mainly based on subjective evaluation of clinical symptoms, combined with objective imaging. However, its practical value is often limited when applied to prognosis evaluation in brain injury. Proteomics technology can make up for this deficiency and provide a reference for the prevention and treatment of brain injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenhu Liu
- The First Clinical Medical College of Gansu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou City, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhaomeng Wen
- The First Clinical Medical College of Gansu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou City, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuwei Shi
- The First Clinical Medical College of Gansu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou City, People's Republic of China
| | - Juan Bao
- Department of Neurosurgery, Gansu Provincial Hospital, Lanzhou City, People's Republic of China
| | - Shaobo Ma
- Department of Neurosurgery, Gansu Provincial Hospital, Lanzhou City, People's Republic of China
| | - Jin Liang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Gansu Provincial Hospital, Lanzhou City, People's Republic of China
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Zhang Y, Li Z, Wang H, Pei Z, Zhao S. Molecular biomarkers of diffuse axonal injury: recent advances and future perspectives. Expert Rev Mol Diagn 2024; 24:39-47. [PMID: 38183228 DOI: 10.1080/14737159.2024.2303319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2023] [Accepted: 12/18/2023] [Indexed: 01/07/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Diffuse axonal injury (DAI), with high mortality and morbidity both in children and adults, is one of the most severe pathological consequences of traumatic brain injury. Currently, clinical diagnosis, disease assessment, disability identification, and postmortem diagnosis of DAI is mainly limited by the absent of specific molecular biomarkers. AREAS COVERED In this review, we first introduce the pathophysiology of DAI, summarized the reported biomarkers in previous animal and human studies, and then the molecular biomarkers such as β-Amyloid precursor protein, neurofilaments, S-100β, myelin basic protein, tau protein, neuron-specific enolase, Peripherin and Hemopexin for DAI diagnosis is summarized. Finally, we put forward valuable views on the future research direction of diagnostic biomarkers of DAI. EXPERT OPINION In recent years, the advanced technology has ultimately changed the research of DAI, and the numbers of potential molecular biomarkers was introduced in related studies. We summarized the latest updated information in such studies to provide references for future research and explore the potential pathophysiological mechanism on diffuse axonal injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Youyou Zhang
- Department of Geriatrics Neurology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiao Tong University, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
- Linfen People's Hosiptal, the Seventh Clinical Medical College of Shanxi Medical University, Linfen, Shanxi, China
| | - Zhaoyang Li
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Hui Wang
- Department of Geriatrics Neurology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiao Tong University, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Zhiyong Pei
- Linfen People's Hosiptal, the Seventh Clinical Medical College of Shanxi Medical University, Linfen, Shanxi, China
| | - Shuquan Zhao
- Department of Forensic Pathology, Zhongshan School of Medicine Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- Guangdong Province Translational Forensic Medicine Engineering Technology Research Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
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Chen Q, Li L, Xu L, Yang B, Huang Y, Qiao D, Yue X. Proteomic analysis discovers potential biomarkers of early traumatic axonal injury in the brainstem. Int J Legal Med 2024; 138:207-227. [PMID: 37338605 DOI: 10.1007/s00414-023-03039-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2022] [Accepted: 06/01/2023] [Indexed: 06/21/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Application of Tandem Mass Tags (TMT)-based LC-MS/MS analysis to screen for differentially expressed proteins (DEPs) in traumatic axonal injury (TAI) of the brainstem and to predict potential biomarkers and key molecular mechanisms of brainstem TAI. METHODS A modified impact acceleration injury model was used to establish a brainstem TAI model in Sprague-Dawley rats, and the model was evaluated in terms of both functional changes (vital sign measurements) andstructural changes (HE staining, silver-plating staining and β-APP immunohistochemical staining). TMT combined with LC-MS/MS was used to analyse the DEPs in brainstem tissues from TAI and Sham groups. The biological functions of DEPs and potential molecular mechanisms in the hyperacute phase of TAI were analysed by bioinformatics techniques, and candidate biomarkers were validated using western blotting and immunohistochemistry on brainstem tissues from animal models and humans. RESULTS Based on the successful establishment of the brainstem TAI model in rats, TMT-based proteomics identified 65 DEPs, and bioinformatics analysis indicated that the hyperacute phase of TAI involves multiple stages of biological processes including inflammation, oxidative stress, energy metabolism, neuronal excitotoxicity and apoptosis. Three DEPs, CBR1, EPHX2 and CYP2U1, were selected as candidate biomarkers and all three proteins were found to be significantly expressed in brainstem tissue 30 min-7 days after TAI in both animal models and humans. CONCLUSION Using TMT combined with LC-MS/MS analysis for proteomic study of early TAI in rat brainstem, we report for the first time that CBR1, EPHX2 and CYP2U1 can be used as biomarkers of early TAI in brainstem by means of western blotting and immunohistochemical staining, compensating for the limitations of silver-plating staining and β-APP immunohistochemical staining, especially in the case of very short survival time after TAI (shorter than 30 min). A number of other proteins that also have a potential marker role are also presented, providing new insights into the molecular mechanisms, therapeutic targets and forensic identification of early TAI in brainstem.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qianling Chen
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Forensic Multi-Omics for Precision Identification, School of Forensic Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, Guangdong, China
| | - Lingyue Li
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Forensic Multi-Omics for Precision Identification, School of Forensic Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, Guangdong, China
| | - Luyao Xu
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Forensic Multi-Omics for Precision Identification, School of Forensic Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, Guangdong, China
| | - Bin Yang
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Forensic Multi-Omics for Precision Identification, School of Forensic Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, Guangdong, China
| | - Yuebing Huang
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Forensic Multi-Omics for Precision Identification, School of Forensic Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, Guangdong, China
| | - Dongfang Qiao
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Forensic Multi-Omics for Precision Identification, School of Forensic Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, Guangdong, China.
| | - Xia Yue
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Forensic Multi-Omics for Precision Identification, School of Forensic Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, Guangdong, China.
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Fang T, Yue L, Longlong Z, Longda M, Fang H, Yehui L, Yang L, Yiwu Z. Peripherin: A proposed biomarker of traumatic axonal injury triggered by mechanical force. Eur J Neurosci 2023; 58:3206-3225. [PMID: 37574217 DOI: 10.1111/ejn.16111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2023] [Revised: 07/14/2023] [Accepted: 07/17/2023] [Indexed: 08/15/2023]
Abstract
Traumatic axonal injury (TAI) is one of the most common pathological features of severe traumatic brain injury (TBI). Our previous study using proteomics suggested that peripherin (PRPH) should be a potential candidate as a biomarker for TAI diagnosis. This study is to further elucidate the role and association of PRPH with TAI. In the animal study, we performed immunohistochemistry, ELISA and morphological analysis to evaluate PRPH level and distribution following a severe impact. PRPH-positive regions were widely distributed in the axonal tract throughout the whole brain. Axonal injuries with PRPH inclusion were observed post-TBI. Besides, PRPH was significantly increased in both cerebral spinal fluid and plasma at the early phase post-TBI. Colocalization analysis based on microscopy revealed that PRPH represents an immunohistological biomarker in the neuropathological diagnosis of TAI. Brain samples from patients with TBI were included to further test whether PRPH is feasible in the real practice of neuropathology. Immunohistochemistry of PRPH, NFH, APP and NFL on human brain tissues further confirmed PRPH as an immunohistological biomarker that could be applied in practice. Collectively, we conclude that PRPH mirrors the cytoskeleton injury of axons and could represent a neuropathological biomarker for TAI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tong Fang
- Department of Neurology, Shanghai University of Medicine and Health Sciences Affiliated Zhoupu Hospital, Shanghai, China
- Institute of Wound Prevention and Treatment, Shanghai University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Shanghai, China
- Department of Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Fundamental Medicine, Shanghai University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Shanghai, China
- Department of Forensic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Liang Yue
- Department of Forensic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Department of Pathology, Shanghai Medicilon Inc., Shanghai, China
| | - Zhu Longlong
- Department of Forensic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Ma Longda
- Department of Forensic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Huang Fang
- Department of Forensic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Lv Yehui
- Institute of Wound Prevention and Treatment, Shanghai University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Shanghai, China
- Department of Human Anatomy and Histology, School of Fundamental Medicine, Shanghai University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Li Yang
- Institute of Forensic Science, Ministry of Public Security, People's Republic of China, Beijing, China
| | - Zhou Yiwu
- Department of Forensic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
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Lampros M, Vlachos N, Tsitsopoulos PP, Zikou AK, Argyropoulou MI, Voulgaris S, Alexiou GA. The Role of Novel Imaging and Biofluid Biomarkers in Traumatic Axonal Injury: An Updated Review. Biomedicines 2023; 11:2312. [PMID: 37626808 PMCID: PMC10452517 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11082312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2023] [Revised: 08/02/2023] [Accepted: 08/15/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a leading cause of disability worldwide. Traumatic axonal injury (TAI) is a subtype of TBI resulting from high-impact forces that cause shearing and/or stretching of the axonal fibers in white matter tracts. It is present in almost half of cases of severe TBI and frequently associated with poor functional outcomes. Axonal injury results from axonotomy due to mechanical forces and the activation of a biochemical cascade that induces the activation of proteases. It occurs at a cellular level; hence, conventional imaging modalities often fail to display TAI lesions. However, the advent of novel imaging modalities, such as functional magnetic resonance imaging and fiber tractography, has significantly improved the detection and characteristics of TAI. Furthermore, the significance of several fluid and structural biomarkers has also been researched, while the contribution of omics in the detection of novel biomarkers is currently under investigation. In the present review, we discuss the role of imaging modalities and potential biomarkers in diagnosing, classifying, and predicting the outcome in patients with TAI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marios Lampros
- Department of Neurosurgery, School of Medicine, University of Ioannina, St. Niarhou Avenue, 45500 Ioannina, Greece; (M.L.); (N.V.); (S.V.)
| | - Nikolaos Vlachos
- Department of Neurosurgery, School of Medicine, University of Ioannina, St. Niarhou Avenue, 45500 Ioannina, Greece; (M.L.); (N.V.); (S.V.)
| | - Parmenion P. Tsitsopoulos
- Department of Neurosurgery, Hippokratio General Hospital, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki School of Medicine, 54942 Thessaloniki, Greece;
| | - Anastasia K. Zikou
- Department of Radiology, University of Ioannina, 45110 Ioannina, Greece; (A.K.Z.); (M.I.A.)
| | - Maria I. Argyropoulou
- Department of Radiology, University of Ioannina, 45110 Ioannina, Greece; (A.K.Z.); (M.I.A.)
| | - Spyridon Voulgaris
- Department of Neurosurgery, School of Medicine, University of Ioannina, St. Niarhou Avenue, 45500 Ioannina, Greece; (M.L.); (N.V.); (S.V.)
| | - George A. Alexiou
- Department of Neurosurgery, School of Medicine, University of Ioannina, St. Niarhou Avenue, 45500 Ioannina, Greece; (M.L.); (N.V.); (S.V.)
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Li C, Li Y, Li Y, Wang Y, Teng Y, Hao Y. MicroRNA‑194‑5p attenuates hypoxia/reoxygenation‑induced apoptosis in H9C2 cardiomyocytes by inhibiting the over‑activation of RAC1 protein. Mol Med Rep 2022; 27:33. [PMID: 36562344 PMCID: PMC9827276 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2022.12920] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2022] [Accepted: 10/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Ras‑related C3 botulinum toxin substrate 1 (RAC1), a member of the Rac family of guanosine triphosphate phosphohydrolases, has been suggested to be a regulator of myocardial injury during ischemia and reperfusion (I/R). Whether microRNAs (miRs) are involved in the regulation of the aforementioned process remains to be elucidated. In the present study, an in vitro model of H9C2 cardiomyocytes was used to establish the overexpression of RAC1 following hypoxia and reoxygenation (H/R). Overexpression of RAC1 in H/R‑cultured cardiomyocytes could lead to cellular accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and facilitate the induction of apoptosis of H9C2 cardiomyocytes during H/R. Subsequent bioinformatic analysis indicated that RAC1 was the target of miRNA‑194‑5p. Further experiments showed that miR‑194‑5p attenuated the accumulation of cellular ROS and alleviated the induction of apoptosis of H9C2 cardiomyocytes caused by H/R, which was accompanied by the reduction in the expression levels of the RAC1 protein. Taken together, these results indicated that upregulation of miR‑194‑5p may function as a self‑regulated cardioprotective response against RAC1‑mediated ROS accumulation and cardiomyocyte apoptosis. Exogenous administration of miR‑194‑5p may be a novel target to ameliorate I/R injury‑induced myocardial apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cuie Li
- Department of Geriatrics, The 6th Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, The People's Hospital of Yuxi City, Yuxi, Yunnan 653100, P.R. China
| | - Yinghua Li
- Department of General Practice, The 6th Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, The People's Hospital of Yuxi City, Yuxi, Yunnan 653100, P.R. China
| | - Yanping Li
- Department of Cardiology, The 6th Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, The People's Hospital of Yuxi City, Yuxi, Yunnan 653100, P.R. China
| | - Yudi Wang
- Department of Cardiology, The 6th Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, The People's Hospital of Yuxi City, Yuxi, Yunnan 653100, P.R. China
| | - Yirong Teng
- Department of General Practice, The 6th Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, The People's Hospital of Yuxi City, Yuxi, Yunnan 653100, P.R. China,Dr Yirong Teng, Department of General Practice, The 6th Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, The People's Hospital of Yuxi City, 21 Nieer Road, Yuxi, Yunnan 653100, P.R. China, E-mail:
| | - Yinglu Hao
- Department of Cardiology, The 6th Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, The People's Hospital of Yuxi City, Yuxi, Yunnan 653100, P.R. China,Correspondence to: Dr Yinglu Hao, Department of Cardiology, The 6th Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, The People's Hospital of Yuxi City, 21 Nieer Road, Yuxi, Yunnan 653100, P.R. China, E-mail:
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Bruggeman GF, Haitsma IK, Dirven CMF, Volovici V. Traumatic axonal injury (TAI): definitions, pathophysiology and imaging-a narrative review. Acta Neurochir (Wien) 2021; 163:31-44. [PMID: 33006648 PMCID: PMC7778615 DOI: 10.1007/s00701-020-04594-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2020] [Accepted: 09/22/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Introduction Traumatic axonal injury (TAI) is a condition defined as multiple, scattered, small hemorrhagic, and/or non-hemorrhagic lesions, alongside brain swelling, in a more confined white matter distribution on imaging studies, together with impaired axoplasmic transport, axonal swelling, and disconnection after traumatic brain injury (TBI). Ever since its description in the 1980s and the grading system by Adams et al., our understanding of the processes behind this entity has increased. Methods We performed a scoping systematic, narrative review by interrogating Ovid MEDLINE, Embase, and Google Scholar on the pathophysiology, biomarkers, and diagnostic tools of TAI patients until July 2020. Results We underline the misuse of the Adams classification on MRI without proper validation studies, and highlight the hiatus in the scientific literature and areas needing more research. In the past, the theory behind the pathophysiology relied on the inertial force exerted on the brain matter after severe TBI inducing a primary axotomy. This theory has now been partially abandoned in favor of a more refined theory involving biochemical processes such as protein cleavage and DNA breakdown, ultimately leading to an inflammation cascade and cell apoptosis, a process now described as secondary axotomy. Conclusion The difference in TAI definitions makes the comparison of studies that report outcomes, treatments, and prognostic factors a daunting task. An even more difficult task is isolating the outcomes of isolated TAI from the outcomes of severe TBI in general. Targeted bench-to-bedside studies are required in order to uncover further pathways involved in the pathophysiology of TAI and, ideally, new treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gavin F Bruggeman
- Department of Neurosurgery, Erasmus MC University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Iain K Haitsma
- Department of Neurosurgery, Erasmus MC University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Clemens M F Dirven
- Department of Neurosurgery, Erasmus MC University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Victor Volovici
- Department of Neurosurgery, Erasmus MC University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
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Zhu W, Guo M, Yang W, Tang M, Chen T, Gan D, Zhang D, Ding X, Zhao A, Zhao P, Yan W, Zhang J. CD41-deficient exosomes from non-traumatic femoral head necrosis tissues impair osteogenic differentiation and migration of mesenchymal stem cells. Cell Death Dis 2020; 11:293. [PMID: 32341357 PMCID: PMC7184624 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-020-2496-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2020] [Revised: 04/09/2020] [Accepted: 04/10/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Non-traumatic osteonecrosis of the femoral head (ONFH) is clinically a devastating and progressive disease without an effective treatment. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) transplantation has been used to treat ONFH in early stage, but the failure rate of this therapy is high due to the reduced osteogenic differentiation and migration of the transplanted MSCs related with pathological bone tissues. However, the mechanism responsible for this decrease is still unclear. Therefore, we assume that the implanted MSCs might be influenced by signals delivered from pathological bone tissue, where the exosomes might play a critical role in this delivery. This study showed that exosomes from ONFH bone tissues (ONFH-exos) were able to induce GC-induced ONFH-like damage, in vivo and impair osteogenic differentiation and migration of MSCs, in vitro. Then, we analyzed the differentially expressed proteins (DEPs) in ONFH-exos using proteomic technology and identified 842 differentially expressed proteins (DEPs). On the basis of gene ontology (GO) enrichment analysis of DEPs, fold-changes and previous report, cell adhesion-related CD41 (integrin α2b) was selected for further investigation. Our study showed that the CD41 (integrin α2b) was distinctly decreased in ONFH-exos, compared to NOR-exos, and downregulation of CD41 could impair osteogenic differentiation and migration of the MSCs, where CD41-integrin β3-FAK-Akt-Runx2 pathway was involved. Finally, our study further suggested that CD41-affluent NOR-exos could restore the glucocorticoid-induced decline of osteogenic differentiation and migration in MSCs, and prevent GC-induced ONFH-like damage in rat models. Taken together, our study results revealed that in the progress of ONFH, exosomes from the pathological bone brought about the failure of MSCs repairing the necrotic bone for lack of some critical proteins, like integrin CD41, and prompted the progression of experimentally induced ONFH-like status in the rat. CD41 could be considered as the target of early diagnosis and therapy in ONFH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiwen Zhu
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - MinKang Guo
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Wu Yang
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Min Tang
- Key Laboratory of Diagnostic Medicine Designated by the Ministry of Education, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Tingmei Chen
- Key Laboratory of Diagnostic Medicine Designated by the Ministry of Education, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Delu Gan
- Key Laboratory of Diagnostic Medicine Designated by the Ministry of Education, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Dian Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Diagnostic Medicine Designated by the Ministry of Education, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Xiaojuan Ding
- Department of Laboratory, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Anping Zhao
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Pei Zhao
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Wenlong Yan
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Jian Zhang
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China.
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Xu Y, Li X, Su X. iTRAQ‑based proteomics analysis of the therapeutic effects of combined anticancer bioactive peptides and oxaliplatin on gastric cancer cells. Oncol Rep 2019; 43:201-217. [PMID: 31746436 PMCID: PMC6908941 DOI: 10.3892/or.2019.7406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2019] [Accepted: 09/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The combination of chemotherapeutic modalities may be more effective in treating gastric cancer compared with any modality alone. Previous studies have demonstrated that the combination of anticancer bioactive peptides (ACBP) and oxaliplatin (OXA) significantly inhibited the growth of the gastric cancer cell line MKN-45, promoted the apoptosis of MKN-45 cells, and caused an irreversible arrest of the MKN-45 cell cycle in the G2/M phase. In the present study, an isobaric tag for relative and absolute quantitation (iTRAQ)-based quantitative proteomics technique was used to determine the effect of ACBP-OXA treatment on the proteomics profile of MKN-45 cells. Notably, a total of 6,210 proteins were detected. Proteins with a >1.2-fold change in expression (either up- or downregulation) and P<0.05 were considered to be differentially expressed. A total of 256 differentially expressed proteins were identified through alignments with different groups. Compared with the control group, MKN-45 cells treated with ACBP, OXA and ACBP-OXA exhibited 17 (10 up- and 7 downregulated), 111 (27 up- and 84 downregulated) and 128 (53 up- and 75 downregulated) differentially expressed proteins, respectively. Of the 256 differentially expressed proteins, 6 (TPX2, NUSAP1, TOP2A, YAP, MKi-67 and GPC4) were verified by the parallel reaction monitoring method, which revealed that TPX2, NUSAP1, TOP2A, YAP, MKi-67 and GPC4 expression decreased with ACBP-OXA treatment. The cellular localization, functional annotation and biological pathways of differentially expressed proteins were examined by Gene Ontology and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes analysis. The results indicated that ACBP-OXA may act through the ribosome or the AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) signaling pathway, and the AMPK signaling pathway may be an important mediator of the inhibitory effects of ACBP-OXA on MKN-45 gastric cancer cells. In summary, iTRAQ-based proteomics analysis of the effect of ACBP-OXA on MKN-45 cells may guide future therapeutic strategies for gastric cancer. In addition, the present study may help provide new insights into the therapeutic role of combined ACBP and OXA in gastric cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanan Xu
- Department of Cell Biology, College of Basic Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, P.R. China
| | - Xian Li
- Clinical Medical Research Center, The Affiliated Hospital of Inner Mongolia Medical University, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region 010050, P.R. China
| | - Xiulan Su
- Department of Cell Biology, College of Basic Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, P.R. China
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What Is Next in This "Age" of Heme-Driven Pathology and Protection by Hemopexin? An Update and Links with Iron. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2019; 12:ph12040144. [PMID: 31554244 PMCID: PMC6958331 DOI: 10.3390/ph12040144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2019] [Revised: 09/08/2019] [Accepted: 09/19/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
This review provides a synopsis of the published literature over the past two years on the heme-binding protein hemopexin (HPX), with some background information on the biochemistry of the HPX system. One focus is on the mechanisms of heme-driven pathology in the context of heme and iron homeostasis in human health and disease. The heme-binding protein hemopexin is a multi-functional protectant against hemoglobin (Hb)-derived heme toxicity as well as mitigating heme-mediated effects on immune cells, endothelial cells, and stem cells that collectively contribute to driving inflammation, perturbing vascular hemostasis and blood–brain barrier function. Heme toxicity, which may lead to iron toxicity, is recognized increasingly in a wide range of conditions involving hemolysis and immune system activation and, in this review, we highlight some newly identified actions of heme and hemopexin especially in situations where normal processes fail to maintain heme and iron homeostasis. Finally, we present preliminary data showing that the cytokine IL-6 cross talks with activation of the c-Jun N-terminal kinase pathway in response to heme-hemopexin in models of hepatocytes. This indicates another level of complexity in the cell responses to elevated heme via the HPX system when the immune system is activated and/or in the presence of inflammation.
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Song T, Zhu Y, Zhang P, Zhao M, Zhao D, Ding S, Zhu S, Li J. Integrated Proteomics and Metabolomic Analyses of Plasma Injury Biomarkers in a Serious Brain Trauma Model in Rats. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20040922. [PMID: 30791599 PMCID: PMC6412711 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20040922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2019] [Revised: 02/15/2019] [Accepted: 02/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Diffuse axonal injury (DAI) is a prevalent and serious brain injury with significant morbidity and disability. However, the underlying pathogenesis of DAI remains largely unclear, and there are still no objective laboratory-based tests available for clinicians to make an early diagnosis of DAI. An integrated analysis of metabolomic data and proteomic data may be useful to identify all of the molecular mechanisms of DAI and novel potential biomarkers. Therefore, we established a rat model of DAI, and applied an integrated UPLC-Q-TOF/MS-based metabolomics and isobaric tag for relative and absolute quantitation (iTRAQ)-based proteomic analysis to obtain unbiased profiling data. Differential analysis identified 34 metabolites and 43 proteins in rat plasma of the injury group. Two metabolites (acetone and 4-Hydroxybenzaldehyde) and two proteins (Alpha-1-antiproteinase and Alpha-1-acid glycoprotein) were identified as potential biomarkers for DAI, and all may play important roles in the pathogenesis of DAI. Our study demonstrated the feasibility of integrated metabolomics and proteomics method to uncover the underlying molecular mechanisms of DAI, and may help provide clinicians with some novel diagnostic biomarkers and therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Song
- Department of Forensic Medicine, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China.
- Department of Forensic Medicine, Hainan Medical University, Haikou 571199, China.
| | - Ying Zhu
- Department of Forensic Medicine, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China.
| | - Peng Zhang
- Department of Forensic Medicine, Hainan Medical University, Haikou 571199, China.
| | - Minzhu Zhao
- Department of Forensic Medicine, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China.
| | - Dezhang Zhao
- College of Pharmacy, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China.
| | - Shijia Ding
- Key Laboratory of Clinical Laboratory Diagnostics (Ministry of Education), College of Laboratory Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China.
| | - Shisheng Zhu
- Faculty of Medical Technology, Chongqing Medical and Pharmaceutical College, Chongqing 401331, China.
- Chongqing Engineering Research Center of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chongqing 401331, China.
| | - Jianbo Li
- Department of Forensic Medicine, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China.
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Hu Y, Wu X, Feng W, Li F, Wang Z, Qi J, Du Y. Cellular protein profiles altered by PRRSV infection of porcine monocytes-derived dendritic cells. Vet Microbiol 2019; 228:134-142. [DOI: 10.1016/j.vetmic.2018.11.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2018] [Revised: 11/14/2018] [Accepted: 11/16/2018] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
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