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Keifi Bajestani A, Alavi MS, Etemad L, Roohbakhsh A. Role of orphan G-protein coupled receptors in tissue ischemia: A comprehensive review. Eur J Pharmacol 2024; 978:176762. [PMID: 38906238 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2024.176762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2024] [Revised: 06/12/2024] [Accepted: 06/19/2024] [Indexed: 06/23/2024]
Abstract
Ischemic events lead to many diseases and deaths worldwide. Ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) occurs due to reduced blood circulation in tissues followed by blood reflow. Reoxygenation of ischemic tissues is characterized by oxidative stress, inflammation, energy distress, and endoplasmic reticulum stress. There are still no adequate clinical protocols or pharmacological approaches to address the consequences of I/R damage. G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) are important therapeutic targets. They compose a large family of seven transmembrane-spanning proteins that are involved in many biological functions. Orphan GPCRs are a large subgroup of these receptors expressed in different organs. In the present review, we summarized the literature regarding the role of orphan GPCRs in I/R in different organs. We focused on the effect of these receptors on modulating cellular and molecular processes underlying ischemia including apoptosis, inflammation, and autophagy. The study showed that GPR3, GPR4, GPR17, GPR30, GPR31, GPR35, GPR37, GPR39, GPR55, GPR65, GPR68, GPR75, GPR81, and GPR91 are involved in ischemic events, mainly in the brain and heart. These receptors offer new possibilities for treating I/R injuries in the body.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alireza Keifi Bajestani
- Department of Pharmacodynamics and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Mohaddeseh Sadat Alavi
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Leila Etemad
- Pharmaceutical Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Ali Roohbakhsh
- Department of Pharmacodynamics and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran; Pharmaceutical Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
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Wang J, Wang D, Zheng X, Li Y, Li Y, Ma T, Li J, Sun J, Wang Y, Ma Q. A 2B Adenosine Receptor Inhibition Ameliorates Hypoxic-Ischemic Injury in Neonatal Mice via PKC/Erk/Creb/HIF-1α Signaling Pathway. Brain Res 2022; 1782:147837. [PMID: 35182571 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2022.147837] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2021] [Revised: 02/12/2022] [Accepted: 02/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Periventricular leukomalacia (PVL), the dominant cerebral white matter injury disease, is induced by hypoxia-ischemia and inflammation in premature infants. The activation of A2B adenosine receptor (A2BAR) is shown to involve into inflammation, ischemia, and other typical stress reactions, but its exact function in PVL has not been clarified. We gained initial insight from PVL mouse model (P9) by the induction of hypoxia-ischemia with right carotid ligation followed by exposure to hypoxia and intraperitoneal (i.p.) injection of Lipopolysaccharide (LPS). The results showed that treatment of PSB-603, an A2BAR selective antagonist, greatly ameliorated cerebral ischemic injury by increasing bodyweights, reducing infarct volume, brain injury,inflammation andcontributing to long-term learning memory functionalrecoveryof the PVL mice. Meanwhile, PSB-603 treatment suppressed neurons apoptosis as characterized byreducing of Caspase-3 level, inhibited microglia activation and attenuated hypomyelination through promoting MBP expression and oligodendrocytes differentiation. A2BAR inhibition also augmented PKC expression, the activity of PKC downstream signaling molecules were then explored . Erk expression and Creb phosphorylation exhibited upregulation in PSB-603 treatment group compared with the control group. Hypoxia Inducible Factor-1α (HIF-1α), a direct target of hypoxia, which is a key regulator of adenosine signaling by binding to the A2BAR promoter to induce expression of A2BAR, was shown to be decreased by PSB-603. Taken together, A2BAR inhibition can ameliorate hypoxic-ischemic injury in PVL mice maybe through PKC/Erk/Creb/HIF-1α signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junyan Wang
- Basic Medical School, Ningxia Medical University,Yinchuan, Ningxia 750004, P.R. China
| | - Dan Wang
- Basic Medical School, Ningxia Medical University,Yinchuan, Ningxia 750004, P.R. China
| | - Xiaomin Zheng
- Department of Pediatric Neurorehabilitation, People' s Hospital of Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, Yinchuan 750004, P.R. China
| | - Yunhong Li
- Basic Medical School, Ningxia Medical University,Yinchuan, Ningxia 750004, P.R. China
| | - Yilu Li
- Basic Medical School, Ningxia Medical University,Yinchuan, Ningxia 750004, P.R. China
| | - Teng Ma
- Basic Medical School, Ningxia Medical University,Yinchuan, Ningxia 750004, P.R. China
| | - Jinxia Li
- Basic Medical School, Ningxia Medical University,Yinchuan, Ningxia 750004, P.R. China
| | - Jinping Sun
- Basic Medical School, Ningxia Medical University,Yinchuan, Ningxia 750004, P.R. China
| | - Yin Wang
- Basic Medical School, Ningxia Medical University,Yinchuan, Ningxia 750004, P.R. China.
| | - Quanrui Ma
- Basic Medical School, Ningxia Medical University,Yinchuan, Ningxia 750004, P.R. China.
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He L, Yang H, Feng J, Wei T, Huang Y, Zhang X, Wang Z. Knockdown of G protein-coupled receptor-17 (GPR17) facilitates the regeneration and repair of myelin sheath post-periventricular leukomalacia (PVL). Bioengineered 2021; 12:7314-7324. [PMID: 34569901 PMCID: PMC8806752 DOI: 10.1080/21655979.2021.1979352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The G protein-coupled receptor-17 (GPR17) plays an important role in regulating the differentiation of oligodendrocytes and remyelination, which is a key negative regulator of oligodendrocyte differentiation. The present study aimed to investigate the function of GPR17 in the white matter of periventricular leukomalacia (PVL) neonatal rats. The PVL model was established in 2-day old neonatal rats by intracerebral injection of LPS (1 mg/kg). Compared to sham, GPR17 was significantly upregulated, while Olig1 was significantly downregulated in the PVL group at 1 d, 3 days, and 7 days post-modeling. Compared to the negative control (NC) group, the expression of GPR17 was suppressed, while that of Olig1 was elevated in the siRNA-GPR17 group as time progressed; the opposite results were observed in the GPR17-overexpressed group. Decreased formation of myelin sheaths as well as poor structure and loose arrangement were observed in the PVL group. Similar observations were found in the PVL + siRNA-GPR17 group at 1 d and 3 days post-modeling. However, on day 7 post-modeling, a dramatic increase in the formation of myelin sheath as well as thicker myelin sheaths were observed in the PVL + siRNA-GPR17 group. The migration ability of oligodendrocyte progenitor cells (OPCs) isolated from animals was found to be significantly suppressed in the GPR17-overexpressed group, accompanied by the downregulation of Olig1. Taken together, the regeneration and repair of myelin sheaths post-PVL white matter injury were induced by downregulating the GPR17 gene, which elevated the expression of Olig1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liufang He
- Department of Neonatology, Affiliated Longhua People's Hospital, Southern Medical University (Longhua People's Hospital), Shenzhen, China
| | - Hui Yang
- Department of Neonatology, Shenzhen Children Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Jinxing Feng
- Department of Neonatology, Shenzhen Children Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Tingyan Wei
- Department of Neonatology, Affiliated Longhua People's Hospital, Southern Medical University (Longhua People's Hospital), Shenzhen, China
| | - Yong Huang
- Department of Neonatology, Affiliated Longhua People's Hospital, Southern Medical University (Longhua People's Hospital), Shenzhen, China
| | - Xueli Zhang
- Department of Neonatology, Affiliated Longhua People's Hospital, Southern Medical University (Longhua People's Hospital), Shenzhen, China
| | - Zhangxing Wang
- Department of Neonatology, Affiliated Longhua People's Hospital, Southern Medical University (Longhua People's Hospital), Shenzhen, China
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