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Dong A, Gao Z, Wang H, Wu R, Wang W, Jin X, Ji Y, Yang F, Zhu T, Jiang Z, Xu Y, Guo J, Ji L. Acupuncture Alleviates Chronic Ischemic White Matter Injury in SHR Rats via JNK-NMDAR Circuit. Mol Neurobiol 2024; 61:3144-3160. [PMID: 37976026 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-023-03759-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2023] [Accepted: 10/31/2023] [Indexed: 11/19/2023]
Abstract
To study the protective mechanism of acupuncture at "Jiangya Recipe" on chronic ischemic white matter injury in spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) and the regulation of Jun N-terminal kinase-N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor (JNK-NMDAR) loop. A hypertensive white matter injury model was established in 46 male SHR rats aged 11 weeks by bilateral common carotid artery tapering (SHR-2VGO). In the SHR sham operation group, only bilateral common carotid arteries were isolated and in the SHR-2VGO modeling group, 36 rats were used for microcoil spring clip implantation to narrow the common carotid arteries and then, after 2 weeks of modeling, rats with impaired motor function were removed, and SHR-2VGO rats with successful final models were randomly divided into the model group, JNK blocking group, and acupuncture group. The sham operation group, model group, and JNK blocking group underwent the same grasping fixation, and the acupuncture group received acupuncture at acupoints "Jiangya Fang" once daily. In the JNK blocker group, an injection cannula was implanted into the lateral ventricle and sp600125 was injected into the lateral ventricle at 4.5 ul/day for 4 weeks. One week after the end of the intervention, white matter lesions were detected by MRI DWI and T2 imaging, and the learning and memory ability of rats was tested by Y-Maze and Passive Avoidance. Myelin density was detected by luxol fast blue (LFB) staining, also axon arrangement, myelin integrity, and thickness of neurons were detected by electron microscopy; neuronal morphology and the number of Nissl bodies in the hippocampus were detected by Nissl staining, dendritic spine density changes were detected by Golgi staining, and JNK, NMDAR1, and N-methyl-D-receptor 2B (NMDAR2B) in DG, CA3 region of hippocampus were detected by immunohistochemistry, protein expression of p-JNK/JNK, p-NMDAR1/NMDAR1, NMDAR2B, GSK3β protein expression in the fimbria of hippocampus was detected by Western blot. The Y maze test of SHR-2VGO+Acu and SHR-2VGO+ sp600125 group showed that the spontaneous alternating reaction rate increased significantly. At the same time, the incubation period increased significantly and the number of errors decreased significantly in Passive Avoidance. MRI T2WI showed that the white matter high signal of the corpus callosum, internal capsule and hippocampal fimbria in the SHR-2VGO+ sp600125 and SHR-2VGO+Acu groups was significantly lower than that in the SHR-2VGO model group, and the striatum and anterior commissure were not obvious. DWI showed that the SHR-2VGO model group had scattered high signal and limited diffusion movement in both the internal capsule and striatum, but the difference between groups was not obvious. Compared with SHR-2VGO rats, LFB staining of SHR-2VGO + sp600125 and SHR-2VGO +Acu groups showed significant relaxation of myelin porosity in corpus callosum, striatum, inner capsule, anterior commissure and hippocampal fimbria, and electron microscopy showed improved axonal myelin integrity and thickness in corpus callosum region. Also, the number of blue patchy Nissl bodies increased, and the number and complexity of dendritic spines increased significantly in Golgi staining. Immunohistochemical detection showed that JNK levels in DG and CA3 region were increased and NMDAR1 and NMDAR2B levels were decreased in SHR-2VGO+Acu and SHR-2VGO+ sp600125 groups. Meanwhile, protein expressions of GSK3β, NMDAR1/p-NMDAR1 and NMDAR2B in fimbria of hippocampus were increased, and JNK/P-JNK protein expression decreased. Acupuncture can increase the density and thickness of myelin sheath in white matter areas of corpus callosum, anterior commissure and hippocampal fimbria, increase the number and length of hippocampal neuronal dendrites, and improve hypertensive white matter injury and cognitive decline through JNK-NMDAR pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aiai Dong
- Shanxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinzhong, 030619, China
| | - Zhen Gao
- Shanxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinzhong, 030619, China
| | - Haijun Wang
- Shanxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinzhong, 030619, China
| | - Ronglin Wu
- Shanxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinzhong, 030619, China
| | - Weifeng Wang
- Shanxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine Affiliated Hospital of Acupuncture and Massage, Taiyuan, 030006, China
| | - Xiaofei Jin
- Shanxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinzhong, 030619, China
| | - Yufang Ji
- Shanxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinzhong, 030619, China
| | - Faming Yang
- Shanxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine Affiliated Hospital of Acupuncture and Massage, Taiyuan, 030006, China
| | - Tao Zhu
- Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 610075, China
| | - Ziwen Jiang
- Shanxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinzhong, 030619, China
| | - Yongrong Xu
- Shanxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinzhong, 030619, China
| | - Jilong Guo
- Shanxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinzhong, 030619, China
| | - Laixi Ji
- Shanxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinzhong, 030619, China.
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Schmill LP, Bohle K, Röhrdanz N, Schiffelholz T, Balueva K, Wulff P. Regional and interhemispheric differences of neuronal representations in dentate gyrus and CA3 inferred from expression of zif268. Sci Rep 2023; 13:18443. [PMID: 37891194 PMCID: PMC10611715 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-45304-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2023] [Accepted: 10/18/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The hippocampal formation is one of the best studied brain regions for spatial and mnemonic representations. These representations have been reported to differ in their properties for individual hippocampal subregions. One approach that allows the detection of neuronal representations is immediate early gene imaging, which relies on the visualization of genomic responses of activated neuronal populations, so called engrams. This method permits the within-animal comparison of neuronal representations across different subregions. In this work, we have used compartmental analysis of temporal activity by fluorescence in-situ hybridisation (catFISH) of the immediate early gene zif268/erg1 to compare neuronal representations between subdivisions of the dentate gyrus and CA3 upon exploration of different contexts. Our findings give an account of subregion-specific ensemble sizes. We confirm previous results regarding disambiguation abilities in dentate gyrus and CA3 but in addition report novel findings: Although ensemble sizes in the lower blade of the dentate gyrus are significantly smaller than in the upper blade both blades are responsive to environmental change. Beyond this, we show significant differences in the representation of familiar and novel environments along the longitudinal axis of dorsal CA3 and most interestingly between CA3 regions of both hemispheres.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lars-Patrick Schmill
- Institute of Physiology, Christian-Albrechts-University Kiel, Kiel, Germany
- Clinic for Radiology and Neuroradiology, UKSH, Kiel, Germany
| | - Katharina Bohle
- Institute of Physiology, Christian-Albrechts-University Kiel, Kiel, Germany
- Clinic for Orthopaedic and Trauma and Reconstructive Surgery, Klinikum Frankfurt Höchst GmbH, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Niels Röhrdanz
- Institute of Physiology, Christian-Albrechts-University Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Thomas Schiffelholz
- Center of Integrative Psychiatry, University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein, Kiel, Germany
| | - Kira Balueva
- Institute of Physiology, Christian-Albrechts-University Kiel, Kiel, Germany.
| | - Peer Wulff
- Institute of Physiology, Christian-Albrechts-University Kiel, Kiel, Germany.
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Wang M, Sun P, Li Z, Li J, Lv X, Chen S, Zhu X, Chai X, Zhao S. Eucommiae cortex polysaccharides attenuate gut microbiota dysbiosis and neuroinflammation in mice exposed to chronic unpredictable mild stress: Beneficial in ameliorating depressive-like behaviors. J Affect Disord 2023; 334:278-292. [PMID: 37156274 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2023.04.117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2022] [Revised: 04/13/2023] [Accepted: 04/29/2023] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chronic stress alters gut microbiota composition, as well as induces inflammatory responses and behavioral deficits. Eucommiae cortex polysaccharides (EPs) have been reported to remodel gut microbiota and ameliorate obesogenic diet-induced systemic low-grade inflammation, but their role in stress-induced behavioral and physiological changes is poorly understood. METHODS Male Institute of Cancer Research (ICR) mice were exposed to chronic unpredictable stress (CUMS) for 4 weeks and then supplemented with EPs at a dose of 400 mg/kg once per day for 2 weeks. Behavioral test-specific antidepressant and anxiolytic effects of EPs were assessed in FST, TST, EPM, and OFT. Microbiota composition and inflammation were detected using 16S ribosomal RNA (rRNA) gene sequencing, quantitative RT-PCR, western blot, and immunofluorescence. RESULTS We found that EPs ameliorated gut dysbiosis caused by CUMS, as evidenced by increasing the abundance of Lactobacillaceae and suppressing the expansion of the Proteobacteria, thereby mitigating intestinal inflammation and barrier derangement. Importantly, EPs reduced the release of bacterial-derived lipopolysaccharides (LPS, endotoxin) and inhibited the microglia-mediated TLR4/NFκB/MAPK signaling pathway, thereby attenuating the pro-inflammatory response in the hippocampus. These contributed to restoring the rhythm of hippocampal neurogenesis and alleviating behavioral abnormalities in CUMS mice. Correlation analysis showed that the perturbed-gut microbiota was strongly correlated with behavioral abnormalities and neuroinflammation. LIMITATIONS This study did not clarify the causal relationship between EPs remodeling the gut microbiota and improved behavior in CUMS mice. CONCLUSIONS EPs exert ameliorative effects on CUMS-induced neuroinflammation and depression-like symptoms, which may be strongly related to their beneficial effects on gut microbial composition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengli Wang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Penghao Sun
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Zhuoni Li
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Jing Li
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Xin Lv
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Shulin Chen
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Xiaoyan Zhu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China.
| | - Xuejun Chai
- College of Basic Medicine, Xi'an Medical University, Xi'an, China.
| | - Shanting Zhao
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China.
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Bai Y, Liu Z, Qian T, Peng Y, Ma H, Hu H, Cheng G, Wen H, Xie L, Zheng D, Geng Q, Wang J, Wang H. Single-nucleus RNA sequencing unveils critical regulators in various hippocampal neurons for anti-N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor encephalitis. Brain Pathol 2023:e13156. [PMID: 36942475 DOI: 10.1111/bpa.13156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2022] [Accepted: 02/28/2023] [Indexed: 03/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Anti-N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor (NMDAR) encephalitis is a neuropsychiatric disease with variable clinical manifestations caused by NMDAR autoantibody. The underlying molecular underpinnings of this disease are rarely characterized on a genomic scale. Anti-NMDAR encephalitis mainly affects the hippocampus, however, its effect on gene expression in hippocampal neurons is unclear at present. Here, we construct the active and passive immunization mouse models of anti-NMDAR encephalitis, and use single-nucleus RNA sequencing to investigate the diverse expression profile of neuronal populations isolated from different hippocampal regions. Dramatic changes in cell proportions and differentially expressed genes were observed in excitatory neurons of the dentate gyrus (DG) subregion. In addition, we found that ATP metabolism and biosynthetic regulators related genes in excitatory neurons of DG subregion were significantly affected. Kcnq1ot1 in inhibitory neurons and Meg3 in interneurons also changed. Notably, the latter two molecules exhibited opposite changes in different models. Therefore, the above genes were used as potential targets for further research on the pathological process of anti-NMDAR encephalitis. These data involve various hippocampal neurons, which delineate a framework for understanding the hippocampal neuronal circuit and the potential molecular mechanisms of anti-NMDAR encephalitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunmeng Bai
- Department of Nephrology, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Kidney Diseases, Shenzhen People's Hospital, the First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China
| | - Zhuhe Liu
- Department of Neurology, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Southern China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Tinglin Qian
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yu Peng
- Department of Neurology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Huan Ma
- Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hong Hu
- Department of Nephrology, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Kidney Diseases, Shenzhen People's Hospital, the First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China
| | - Guangqing Cheng
- Department of Nephrology, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Kidney Diseases, Shenzhen People's Hospital, the First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China
| | - Haixia Wen
- Department of Neurology, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Southern China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lulin Xie
- Department of Nephrology, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Kidney Diseases, Shenzhen People's Hospital, the First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China
| | - Dong Zheng
- Department of Neurology, The Affiliated Brain Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qingshan Geng
- Department of Nephrology, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Kidney Diseases, Shenzhen People's Hospital, the First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China
| | - Jigang Wang
- Department of Nephrology, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Kidney Diseases, Shenzhen People's Hospital, the First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China
| | - Honghao Wang
- Department of Neurology, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Southern China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
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Giese KP. Novel Memory Mechanisms. Brain Res Bull 2021; 175:244-245. [PMID: 34363924 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainresbull.2021.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- K Peter Giese
- Department of Basic and Clinical Neuroscience, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, 5 Cutcombe Rd, London SE5 9RT, UK.
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