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Cao N, Sasaki A, Yuasa A, Popovic MR, Milosevic M, Nakazawa K. Short-term facilitation effects elicited by cortical priming through theta burst stimulation and functional electrical stimulation of upper-limb muscles. Exp Brain Res 2022; 240:1565-1578. [PMID: 35359173 DOI: 10.1007/s00221-022-06353-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2021] [Accepted: 03/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Non-invasive theta burst stimulation (TBS) can elicit facilitatory or inhibitory changes in the central nervous system when applied intermittently (iTBS) or continuously (cTBS). Conversely, neuromuscular electrical stimulation (NMES) can activate the muscles to send a sensory volley, which is also known to affect the excitability of the central nervous system. We investigated whether cortical iTBS (facilitatory) or cTBS (inhibitory) priming can affect subsequent NMES-induced corticospinal excitability. A total of six interventions were tested, each with 11 able-bodied participants: cortical priming followed by NMES (iTBS + NMES and cTBS + NMES), NMES only (iTBSsham + NMES and cTBSsham + NMES), and cortical priming only (iTBS + rest and cTBS + rest). After iTBS or cTBS priming, NMES was used to activate right extensor capri radialis (ECR) muscle intermittently for 10 min (5 s ON/5 s OFF). Single-pulse transcranial magnetic stimulation motor evoked potentials (MEPs) and maximum motor response (Mmax) elicited by radial nerve stimulation were compared before and after each intervention for 30 min. Our results showed that associative facilitatory iTBS + NMES intervention elicited greater MEP facilitation that lasted for at least 30 min after the intervention, while none of the interventions alone were effective to produce effects. We conclude that facilitatory iTBS priming can make the central nervous system more susceptible to changes elicited by NMES through sensory recruitment to enhance facilitation of corticospinal plasticity, while cTBS inhibitory priming efficacy could not be confirmed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Na Cao
- Department of Life Sciences, Graduate School of Arts and Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 3-8-1 Komaba, Meguro-ku, Tokyo, 153-8902, Japan.,Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, 5-3-1 Kojimachi, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo, 102-0083, Japan
| | - Atsushi Sasaki
- Department of Life Sciences, Graduate School of Arts and Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 3-8-1 Komaba, Meguro-ku, Tokyo, 153-8902, Japan.,Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, 5-3-1 Kojimachi, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo, 102-0083, Japan
| | - Akiko Yuasa
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine I, Fujita Health University School of Medicine, 1-98 Dengakugakubo, Kutsukake-cho, Toyoake, Aichi, 470-1192, Japan
| | - Milos R Popovic
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, University of Toronto, 164 College Street, Toronto, ON, M5S 3G9, Canada.,KITE Research Institute, Toronto Rehabilitation Institute, University Health Network, 520 Sutherland Drive, Toronto, ON, M4G 3V9, Canada.,CRANIA, University Health Network and University of Toronto, 550 University Avenue, Toronto, ON, M5G 2A2, Canada
| | - Matija Milosevic
- Department of Mechanical Science and Bioengineering, Graduate School of Engineering Science, Osaka University, 1-3 Machikaneyama, Toyonaka, 560-8531, Japan.
| | - Kimitaka Nakazawa
- Department of Life Sciences, Graduate School of Arts and Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 3-8-1 Komaba, Meguro-ku, Tokyo, 153-8902, Japan
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de Brito FX, Luz-Santos C, Camatti JR, de Souza da Fonseca RJ, Suzarth G, Moraes LMC, da Silva ML, da Silva JRT, Vercelino R, Sá KN, Zana Y, Baptista AF. Electroacupuncture modulates cortical excitability in a manner dependent on the parameters used. Acupunct Med 2021; 40:178-185. [PMID: 34886714 DOI: 10.1177/09645284211057560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION There is evidence that electroacupuncture (EA) acts through the modulation of brain activity, but little is known about its influence on corticospinal excitability of the primary motor cortex (M1). OBJECTIVE To investigate the influence of EA parameters on the excitability of M1 in healthy individuals. METHODS A parallel, double blind, randomized controlled trial in healthy subjects, evaluating the influence of an EA intervention on M1 excitability. Participants had a needle inserted at LI4 in the dominant hand and received electrical stimulation of different frequencies (10 or 100 Hz) and amplitude (sensory or motor threshold) for 20 min. In the control group, only a brief (30 s) electrical stimulation was applied. Single and paired pulse transcranial magnetic stimulation coupled with electromyography was applied before and immediately after the EA intervention. Resting motor threshold, motor evoked potential, short intracortical inhibition and intracortical facilitation were measured. RESULTS EA increased corticospinal excitability of M1 compared to the control group only when administered with a frequency of 100 Hz at the sensory threshold (p < 0.05). There were no significant changes in the other measures. CONCLUSION The results suggest that EA with an intensity level at the sensorial threshold and 100 Hz frequency increases the corticospinal excitability of M1. This effect may be associated with a decrease in the activity of inhibitory intracortical mechanisms. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER U1111-1173-1946 (Registro Brasileiro de Ensaios Clínicos; http://www.ensaiosclinicos.gov.br/).
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Affiliation(s)
- Francisco Xavier de Brito
- Health and Function Study Nucleus, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador, BA, Brazil.,Graduate Program in Medicine and Human Health, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador, BA, Brazil
| | - Cleber Luz-Santos
- Health and Function Study Nucleus, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador, BA, Brazil.,Graduate Program in Medicine and Human Health, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador, BA, Brazil
| | - Janine Ribeiro Camatti
- Health and Function Study Nucleus, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador, BA, Brazil.,Center for Mathematics, Computation and Cognition, Federal University of ABC, São Bernardo do Campo, SP, Brazil
| | | | - Giovana Suzarth
- Health and Function Study Nucleus, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador, BA, Brazil
| | | | | | | | - Rafael Vercelino
- Federal University of Health Sciences of Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Katia Nunes Sá
- Research and Innovation, Bahiana School of Medicine and Public Health, Salvador, BA, Brazil
| | - Yossi Zana
- Center for Mathematics, Computation and Cognition, Federal University of ABC, São Bernardo do Campo, SP, Brazil
| | - Abrahão Fontes Baptista
- Health and Function Study Nucleus, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador, BA, Brazil.,Graduate Program in Medicine and Human Health, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador, BA, Brazil.,Center for Mathematics, Computation and Cognition, Federal University of ABC, São Bernardo do Campo, SP, Brazil.,Laboratory of Medical Investigations 54 (LIM-54), São Paulo University, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.,CEPID BRAINN, FAPESP, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
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