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Han M, Qie Q, Liu M, Meng H, Wu T, Yang Y, Niu L, Sun G, Wang Y. Clonal growth characteristics and diversity patterns of different Clintonia udensis (Liliaceae) diploid and tetraploid cytotypes in the Hualongshan Mountains. Sci Rep 2024; 14:15509. [PMID: 38969683 PMCID: PMC11226640 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-66067-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2024] [Accepted: 06/26/2024] [Indexed: 07/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Polyploidization plays an important role in plant evolution and biodiversity. However, intraspecific polyploidy compared to interspecific polyploidy received less attention. Clintonia udensis (Liliaceae) possess diploid (2n = 2x = 14) and autotetraploid (2n = 4x = 28) cytotypes. In the Hualongshan Mountains, the autotetraploids grew on the northern slope, while the diploids grew on the southern slopes. The clonal growth characteristics and clonal architecture were measured and analyzed by field observations and morphological methods. The diversity level and differentiation patterns for two different cytotypes were investigated using SSR markers. The results showed that the clonal growth parameters, such as the bud numbers of each rhizome node and the ratio of rhizome branches in the autotetraploids were higher than those in the diploids. Both the diploids and autotetraploids appeared phalanx clonal architectures with short internodes between ramets. However, the ramets or genets of the diploids had a relatively scattered distribution, while those of the autotetraploids were relatively clumping. The diploids and autotetraploids all allocated more biomass to their vegetative growth. The diploids had a higher allocation to reproductive organs than that of autotetraploids, which indicated that the tetraploids invested more resources in clonal reproduction than diploids. The clone diversity and genetic diversity of the autotetraploids were higher than that of the diploids. Significant genetic differentiation between two different cytotypes was observed (P < 0.01). During establishment and evolution, C. udensis autotetraploids employed more clumping phalanx clonal architecture and exhibited more genetic variation than the diploids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mian Han
- School of Life Science, Shanxi Normal University, Taiyuan, 030031, China
| | - Qiyang Qie
- School of Life Science, Shanxi Normal University, Taiyuan, 030031, China
| | - Meilan Liu
- School of Life Science, Shanxi Normal University, Taiyuan, 030031, China
| | - Huiqin Meng
- School of Life Science, Shanxi Normal University, Taiyuan, 030031, China
| | - Tiantian Wu
- School of Life Science, Shanxi Normal University, Taiyuan, 030031, China
| | - Yadi Yang
- School of Life Science, Shanxi Normal University, Taiyuan, 030031, China
| | - Lingling Niu
- School of Life Science, Shanxi Normal University, Taiyuan, 030031, China
| | - Genlou Sun
- Department of Botany, Saint Mary's University, Halifax, NS B3H 3C3, Canada.
| | - Yiling Wang
- School of Life Science, Shanxi Normal University, Taiyuan, 030031, China.
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Santos AS, Borges DB, Vivas CV, Berg CVD, Rodrigues PS, Tarazi R, Gaiotto FA. Gene pool sharing and genetic bottleneck effects in subpopulations of Eschweilera ovata (Cambess.) Mart. ex Miers (Lecythidaceae) in the Atlantic Forest of southern Bahia, Brazil. Genet Mol Biol 2019; 42:655-665. [PMID: 31528979 PMCID: PMC6905441 DOI: 10.1590/1678-4685-gmb-2018-0140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2018] [Accepted: 01/28/2019] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Forest loss and fragmentation are the main threats to the maintenance of the Atlantic Forest, an important global biodiversity hotspot. Because of the current critical level of deforestation, ecological corridors are needed to facilitate species dispersion and gene flow among fragments. This study was conducted to investigate the genetic variability and gene pool sharing of Eschweilera ovata in five forest remnants in southern Bahia, Brazil using nuclear simple sequence repeat (nSSR) and plastid simple sequence repeat (cpSSR) microsatellite markers. cpSSR marker analysis revealed the domains of four haplotypes, showing that 80% of the individuals had only four maternal origins, reflecting a founder effect and/or genetic bottleneck. The results of cpSSR and nSSR analyses indicated moderate genetic diversity, particularly in conservation units with full protection, which showed the best parameters of all areas evaluated. Another indication of the susceptibility of these populations to forest loss and fragmentation was the strong genetic bottleneck observed. In contrast, genetic structure analyses (FST and discriminant analysis of principal components) revealed gene pool sharing between the subpopulations, which may reflect the historical gene flow that occurred before forest fragmentation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alesandro S Santos
- Laboratório de Ecologia Aplicada à Conservação, Pós-Graduação em Ecologia e Conservação da Biodiversidade, Universidade Estadual de Santa Cruz, Ilhéus, BA, Brazil
| | - Daniela B Borges
- Pós-Graduação em Genética e Biologia Molecular, Universidade Estadual de Santa Cruz, Ilhéus, BA, Brazil
| | - Caio V Vivas
- Pós-Graduação em Genética e Biologia Molecular, Universidade Estadual de Santa Cruz, Ilhéus, BA, Brazil
| | - Cassio Van Den Berg
- Universidade Estadual de Feira de Santana, Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, Feira de Santana, BA, Brazil
| | - Polliana S Rodrigues
- Laboratório de Marcadores Moleculares, Centro de Biotecnologia e Genética, Universidade Estadual de Santa Cruz, Ilhéus, BA, Brazil
| | | | - Fernanda Amato Gaiotto
- Laboratório de Marcadores Moleculares, Centro de Biotecnologia e Genética, Universidade Estadual de Santa Cruz, Ilhéus, BA, Brazil
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Liu L, Wang Z, Huang L, Wang T, Su Y. Chloroplast population genetics reveals low levels of genetic variation and conformation to the central-marginal hypothesis in Taxus wallichiana var. mairei, an endangered conifer endemic to China. Ecol Evol 2019; 9:11944-11956. [PMID: 31695899 PMCID: PMC6822043 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.5703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2019] [Revised: 09/07/2019] [Accepted: 09/11/2019] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The central-marginal hypothesis predicts that geographically peripheral populations should exhibit reduced genetic diversity and increased genetic differentiation than central populations due to smaller effective population size and stronger geographical isolation. We evaluated these predictions in the endangered conifer Taxus wallichiana var. mairei. Eight plastid simple sequence repeats (cpSSRs) were used to investigate plastid genetic variation in 22 populations of Taxus wallichiana var. mairei, encompassing nearly its entire distribution range. Low levels of plastid genetic variation and differentiation were detected in the populations, and the findings were attributed to low mutation rates, small population sizes, habitat fragmentation and isolation, and effective pollen or seed dispersal. Hunan and Hubei were identified as major refugia based on the number of private haplotypes and species distribution modeling. Trends in plastid genetic diversity and genetic differentiation from central to peripheral populations supported the predictions of the central-marginal hypothesis. In scenarios wherein the future climate becomes warmer, we predict that some peripheral populations will disappear and southern and southeastern regions will become significantly less habitable. Factors that include the levels of precipitation during the driest month, annual precipitation level, and annual temperature range will be decisive in shaping the future distribution of these populations. This study provides a theoretical basis for the conservation of T. wallichiana var. mairei.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Liu
- School of Life SciencesSun Yat‐sen UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Zhen Wang
- College of Life SciencesNanjing Agricultural UniversityNanjingChina
| | - Lijie Huang
- School of Life SciencesSun Yat‐sen UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Ting Wang
- College of Life SciencesSouth China Agricultural UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Yingjuan Su
- School of Life SciencesSun Yat‐sen UniversityGuangzhouChina
- Research Institute of Sun Yat‐sen UniversityShenzhenChina
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Xu F, Lei P, Jiang M, Sang L, Guan F, Meng F, Quan H. Genetic diversity of Herpetospermum caudigerum (Ser.) Baill using AFLP and chloroplast microsatellites. BIOTECHNOL BIOTEC EQ 2019. [DOI: 10.1080/13102818.2019.1642798] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Fuling Xu
- Department of Genetics, College of Life Science, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, PR China
| | - Pei Lei
- Department of Genetics, College of Life Science, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, PR China
| | - Mingquan Jiang
- Department of Genetics, College of Life Science, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, PR China
- Jilin Province Product Quality Supervision and Inspection Institute, Changchun, PR China
| | - Liqun Sang
- Institute of Plateau Ecology, Tibet Agriculture and Animal Husbandry College, Linzhi, PR China
| | - Fachun Guan
- Institute of Plateau Ecology, Tibet Agriculture and Animal Husbandry College, Linzhi, PR China
- Institute of Rural Energy and Ecology, Jilin Academy of Agricultural Science, Changchun, PR China
| | - Fanjuan Meng
- Department of Genetics, College of Life Science, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, PR China
| | - Hong Quan
- Institute of Plateau Ecology, Tibet Agriculture and Animal Husbandry College, Linzhi, PR China
- Medicinal Plants Research Center, Tibet Agriculture and Animal Husbandry University, Nyingchi, PR China
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He J, Wang S, Li J, Fan Z, Liu X, Wang Y. Genetic differentiation and spatiotemporal history of diploidy and tetraploidy of Clintonia udensis. Ecol Evol 2017; 7:10243-10251. [PMID: 29238551 PMCID: PMC5723609 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.3510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2016] [Revised: 08/16/2017] [Accepted: 09/20/2017] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Polyploidy is an important factor shaping the geographic range of a species. Clintonia udensis (Clintonia) is a primary perennial herb widely distributed in China with two karyotypic characteristics—diploid and tetraploid and thereby used to understand the ploidy and distribution. This study unraveled the patterns of genetic variation and spatiotemporal history among the cytotypes of C. udensis using simple sequence repeat or microsatellites. The results showed that the diploids and tetraploids showed the medium level of genetic differentiation; tetraploid was slightly lower than diploid in genetic diversity; recurrent polyploidization seems to have opened new possibilities for the local genotype; the spatiotemporal history of C. udensis allows tracing the interplay of polyploidy evolution; isolated and different ecological surroundings could act as evolutionary capacitors, preserve distinct karyological, and genetic diversity. The approaches of integrating genetic differentiation and spatiotemporal history of diploidy and tetraploidy of Clintonia udens would possibly provide a powerful way to understand the ploidy and plant distribution and undertaken in similar studies in other plant species simultaneously contained the diploid and tetraploid.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan He
- College of Life Science Shanxi Normal University Linfen China
| | - Shengnan Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology Nanjing Agricultural University Nanjing China
| | - Jia Li
- College of Life Science Shanxi Normal University Linfen China
| | - Zelu Fan
- College of Life Science Shanxi Normal University Linfen China
| | - Xin Liu
- College of Life Science Shanxi Normal University Linfen China
| | - Yiling Wang
- College of Life Science Shanxi Normal University Linfen China
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Pervaiz T, Zhang C, Faheem M, Mu Q, Fang J. Chloroplast based genetic diversity among Chinese grapes genotypes. Mitochondrial DNA A DNA Mapp Seq Anal 2016; 28:565-569. [PMID: 27159719 DOI: 10.3109/24701394.2016.1155119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Chloroplast simple sequence repeat (cpSSR) markers previously reported were used to analyze chloroplast diversity of Chinese grapes. Nine cpSSR primer pairs from the chloroplast genomes of citrus and tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum L.) were found useful for analyzing the grapes chloroplast genome (cpDNA). Selected cpSSR primer pairs showed polymorphism among 64 varieties, with polymorphism information content (PIC) values ranging from 0.522 to 0.659, with an average of 0.590. Results depicted that a total number of 43 alleles were detected on nine loci with an average of 4.77 alleles per locus with highest number of six alleles for marker ARCP2 and CCMP10. Gene diversity explained by these cpSSR makers ranged from 4 to 68% with an average of 63.66% per marker. The genetic relationship suggested by UPGMA based dendrogram divided the genotypes into three main clusters and four subgroups, results showed that 2B is the biggest group. Overall Hong Ma Ge and Da LI Mei Gui Xiung 98% similar, while 64-1-19 was the most diverse as compared to rest of genotypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tariq Pervaiz
- a Key Laboratory of Genetics and Fruit Development, College of Horticulture , Nanjing Agriculture University , Nanjing , PR China
| | - Cheng Zhang
- a Key Laboratory of Genetics and Fruit Development, College of Horticulture , Nanjing Agriculture University , Nanjing , PR China
| | - Muhammad Faheem
- b College of Agriculture, State Key Lab for Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement , Nanjing Agricultural University , Nanjing , PR China
| | - Qian Mu
- a Key Laboratory of Genetics and Fruit Development, College of Horticulture , Nanjing Agriculture University , Nanjing , PR China
| | - Jinggui Fang
- a Key Laboratory of Genetics and Fruit Development, College of Horticulture , Nanjing Agriculture University , Nanjing , PR China
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Wang Y, Qin Y, Du Z, Yan G. Genetic diversity and differentiation of the endangered tree Elaeagnus mollis Diels (Elaeagnus L.) as revealed by Simple Sequence Repeat (SSR) Markers. BIOCHEM SYST ECOL 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bse.2011.09.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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