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Malekmohammadi M, Koutroumpa K, Crespo MB, Domina G, Korotkova N, Akhani H, von Mering S, Borsch T, Berendsohn WG. A taxonomic backbone for the Plumbaginaceae (Caryophyllales). PHYTOKEYS 2024; 243:67-103. [PMID: 38947553 PMCID: PMC11211657 DOI: 10.3897/phytokeys.243.122784] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2024] [Accepted: 05/29/2024] [Indexed: 07/02/2024]
Abstract
A taxonomic backbone of the Plumbaginaceae is presented and the current state of knowledge on phylogenetic relationships and taxon limits is reviewed as a basis for the accepted taxon concepts. In total, 4,476 scientific names and designations are treated of which 30 are not in the family Plumbaginaceae. The Plumbaginaceae are subdivided in three tribes with 26 genera and 1,179 accepted species. Two subgenera, 17 sections, two subsections and 187 infraspecific taxa are accepted. At the species and infraspecific level 2,782 synonyms were assigned to accepted taxa, whereas 194 names were excluded from the core checklist (i.e., unplaced taxa, infrageneric subdivisions with still uncertain application, names of verified uncertain application, invalid horticultural names, excluded names from other families, other excluded designations, and unresolved names). The EDIT Platform for Cybertaxonomy was utilized as the tool to compile and manage the names and further taxonomic data under explicit taxon concepts. Secundum references are given in case taxon concepts were taken from the literature, whereas this study serves as reference for newly circumscribed taxa. The family's division into the tribes Aegialitideae, Limonieae, and Plumbagineae departs from earlier two-subfamily classifications, prompted by recent phylogenetic findings that challenge the subfamilial affinity of Aegialitis. The genus Acantholimon was extended to include Gladiolimon, as currently available phylogenetic and morphological data support this merger. In Limonium, all accepted species could be assigned to sections and subsections or the "Mediterranean lineage", respectively, making use of the phylogenetic distribution of their morphological characters and states. A new combination and/or status is proposed for Dyerophytumsocotranum, Limoniumthymoides, Limonium×fraternum, Limonium×rossmaessleri, and Limoniumsect.Jovibarba. Special attention is given to nomenclatural issues, particularly for Staticenomenambiguum to resolve the names under accepted names. The use of artificial groupings like "aggregates", "complexes" and "species groups" in alpha-taxonomic treatments is discussed. The taxonomic backbone will receive continued updates and through the Caryophyllales Taxonomic Expert Network, it contributes the treatment of the Plumbaginaceae for the World Flora Online.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Malekmohammadi
- Botanischer Garten und Botanisches Museum Berlin, Freie Universität Berlin, Königin-Luise-Straße 6-8, 14195 Berlin, GermanyFreie Universität BerlinBerlinGermany
- Halophytes and C4 Plants Research Laboratory, Department of Plant Sciences, School of Biology, College of Sciences, University of Tehran, P.O. Box 14155-6455, Tehran, Iran
University of TehranTehranIran
| | - Konstantina Koutroumpa
- Botanischer Garten und Botanisches Museum Berlin, Freie Universität Berlin, Königin-Luise-Straße 6-8, 14195 Berlin, GermanyFreie Universität BerlinBerlinGermany
| | - Manuel B. Crespo
- Departamento de Ciencias Ambientales y Recursos Naturales (dCARN), Universidad de Alicante, Apdo. 99, 03080 Alicante, SpainUniversidad de AlicanteAlicanteSpain
| | - Gianniantonio Domina
- Department of Agricultural, Food and Forest Sciences, University of Palermo, Viale delle Scienze, bldg. 4, 90128, Palermo, ItalyUniversity of PalermoPalermoItaly
| | - Nadja Korotkova
- Botanischer Garten und Botanisches Museum Berlin, Freie Universität Berlin, Königin-Luise-Straße 6-8, 14195 Berlin, GermanyFreie Universität BerlinBerlinGermany
| | - Hossein Akhani
- Halophytes and C4 Plants Research Laboratory, Department of Plant Sciences, School of Biology, College of Sciences, University of Tehran, P.O. Box 14155-6455, Tehran, Iran
University of TehranTehranIran
| | - Sabine von Mering
- Botanischer Garten und Botanisches Museum Berlin, Freie Universität Berlin, Königin-Luise-Straße 6-8, 14195 Berlin, GermanyFreie Universität BerlinBerlinGermany
- Current address: Museum für Naturkunde, Leibniz Institute for Evolution and Biodiversity Science, Invalidenstraße 43, 10115 Berlin, GermanyMuseum für NaturkundeBerlinGermany
| | - Thomas Borsch
- Botanischer Garten und Botanisches Museum Berlin, Freie Universität Berlin, Königin-Luise-Straße 6-8, 14195 Berlin, GermanyFreie Universität BerlinBerlinGermany
| | - Walter G. Berendsohn
- Botanischer Garten und Botanisches Museum Berlin, Freie Universität Berlin, Königin-Luise-Straße 6-8, 14195 Berlin, GermanyFreie Universität BerlinBerlinGermany
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Tayebi Z, Moghaddam M, Mahmoodi M, Kazempour-Osaloo S. Evolutionary history of an Irano-Turanian cushion-forming legume (Onobrychis cornuta). BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2024; 24:204. [PMID: 38509474 PMCID: PMC10953250 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-024-04895-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2023] [Accepted: 03/10/2024] [Indexed: 03/22/2024]
Abstract
The Irano-Turanian region is one of the largest floristic regions in the world and harbors a high percentage of endemics, including cushion-like and dwarf-shrubby taxa. Onobrychis cornuta is an important cushion-forming element of the subalpine/alpine flora of the Irano-Turanian floristic region. To specify the genetic diversity among the populations of this species (including individuals of O. elymaitica), we employed nrDNA ITS and two noncoding regions of plastid DNA (rpl32-trnL(UAG) and trnT(UGU)-trnL(UAA)). The most striking feature of O. cornuta assemblages was the unexpectedly high nucleotide diversity in both the nDNA and cpDNA dataset. In the analyses of nuclear and plastid regions, 25 ribotypes and 42 haplotypes were found among 77 and 59 accessions, respectively, from Iran, Turkey, and Afghanistan. Network analysis of the datasets demonstrated geographic differentiation within the species. Phylogenetic analyses of all dataset retrieved O. cornuta as a non-monophyletic species due to the inclusion of O. elymaitica, comprising four distinct lineages. In addition, our analyses showed cytonuclear discordance between both nuclear and plastid topologies regarding the position of some O. cornuta individuals. The underlying causes of this inconsistency remain unclear. However, we speculate that chloroplast capture, incomplete lineage sorting, and introgression were the main reasons for this event. Furthermore, molecular dating analysis indicated that O. cornuta originated in the early Pliocene (around 4.8 Mya) and started to diversify throughout the Pliocene and in particular the Pleistocene. Moreover, O. elymaitica was reduced to a subspecific rank within the species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zahra Tayebi
- Department of Plant Biology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran, 14115-154
| | - Mahtab Moghaddam
- Department of Plant Biology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran, 14115-154
| | - Mohammad Mahmoodi
- Botany Research Division, Research Institute of Forests and Rangelands, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), P.O. Box 13185-116, Tehran, Iran
| | - Shahrokh Kazempour-Osaloo
- Department of Plant Biology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran, 14115-154.
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Koutroumpa K, Theodoridis S, Warren BH, Jiménez A, Celep F, Doğan M, Romeiras MM, Santos‐Guerra A, Fernández‐Palacios JM, Caujapé‐Castells J, Moura M, Menezes de Sequeira M, Conti E. An expanded molecular phylogeny of Plumbaginaceae, with emphasis on Limonium (sea lavenders): Taxonomic implications and biogeographic considerations. Ecol Evol 2018; 8:12397-12424. [PMID: 30619554 PMCID: PMC6308857 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.4553] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2018] [Revised: 07/10/2018] [Accepted: 08/31/2018] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Plumbaginaceae is characterized by a history of multiple taxonomic rearrangements and lacks a broad molecular phylogenetic framework. Limonium is the most species-rich genus of the family with ca. 600 species and cosmopolitan distribution. Its center of diversity is the Mediterranean region, where ca. 70% of all Limonium species are endemic. In this study, we sample 201 Limonium species covering all described infrageneric entities and spanning its wide geographic range, along with 64 species of other Plumbaginaceae genera, representing 23 out of 29 genera of the family. Additionally, 20 species of the sister family Polygonaceae were used as outgroup. Sequences of three chloroplast (trnL-F, matK, and rbcL) and one nuclear (ITS) loci were used to infer the molecular phylogeny employing maximum likelihood and Bayesian analyses. According to our results, within Plumbaginoideae, Plumbago forms a non-monophyletic assemblage, with Plumbago europaea sister to Plumbagella, while the other Plumbago species form a clade sister to Dyerophytum. Within Limonioideae, Ikonnikovia is nested in Goniolimon, rejecting its former segregation as genus distinct from Goniolimon. Limonium is divided into two major clades: Limonium subg. Pteroclados s.l., including L. sect. Pteroclados and L. anthericoides, and L. subg. Limonium. The latter is divided into three well-supported subclades: the monospecific L. sect. Limoniodendron sister to a clade comprising a mostly non-Mediterranean subclade and a Mediterranean subclade. Our results set the foundation for taxonomic proposals on sections and subsections of Limonium, namely: (a) the newly described L. sect. Tenuiramosum, created to assign L. anthericoides at the sectional rank; (b) the more restricted circumscriptions of L. sect. Limonium (= L. sect. Limonium subsect. Genuinae) and L. sect. Sarcophyllum (for the Sudano-Zambezian/Saharo-Arabian clade); (c) the more expanded circumscription of L. sect. Nephrophyllum (including species of the L. bellidifolium complex); and (d) the new combinations for L. sect. Pruinosum and L. sect. Pteroclados subsect. Odontolepideae and subsect. Nobiles.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Spyros Theodoridis
- Department of Systematic and Evolutionary BotanyUniversity of ZurichZurichSwitzerland
| | - Ben H. Warren
- Department of Systematic and Evolutionary BotanyUniversity of ZurichZurichSwitzerland
| | - Ares Jiménez
- Department of Systematic and Evolutionary BotanyUniversity of ZurichZurichSwitzerland
| | - Ferhat Celep
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Arts and SciencesKırıkkale UniversityKırıkkaleTurkey
| | - Musa Doğan
- Department of Biological SciencesMiddle East Technical UniversityCankaya, AnkaraTurkey
| | - Maria M. Romeiras
- Linking Landscape, Environment, Agriculture and Food (LEAF)Instituto Superior de Agronomia (ISA), Universidade de LisboaLisboaPortugal
- Centre for Ecology, Evolution and Environmental Changes (cE3c), Faculdade de CiênciasUniversidade de LisboaLisboaPortugal
| | | | - Jóse María Fernández‐Palacios
- Island Ecology and Biogeography Research Group, Universitario de Enfermedades Tropicales y Salud Publica de Canarias (IUETSPC)Universidad de La LagunaTenerifeSpain
| | - Juli Caujapé‐Castells
- Jardín Botánico Canario “Viera y Clavijo” – Unidad Asociada CSICCabildo de Gran CanariaLas Palmas de Gran CanariaSpain
| | - Mónica Moura
- CIBIO, Research Centre in Biodiversity and Genetic Resources, InBIO Associate Laboratory, Azores GroupUniversidade dos AçoresPonta Delgada, AzoresPortugal
| | - Miguel Menezes de Sequeira
- InBio, Research Network in Biodiversity and Evolutionary Biology, CIBIO‐Azores, Madeira Botanical Group (GBM)Universidade da MadeiraFunchalPortugal
| | - Elena Conti
- Department of Systematic and Evolutionary BotanyUniversity of ZurichZurichSwitzerland
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Sanna C, Rigano D, Corona A, Piano D, Formisano C, Farci D, Franzini G, Ballero M, Chianese G, Tramontano E, Taglialatela-Scafati O, Esposito F. Dual HIV-1 reverse transcriptase and integrase inhibitors from Limonium morisianum Arrigoni, an endemic species of Sardinia (Italy). Nat Prod Res 2018; 33:1798-1803. [PMID: 29397771 DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2018.1434649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
During our search for potential templates of HIV-1 reverse transcriptase (RT) and integrase (IN) dual inhibitors, the methanolic extract obtained from aerial parts of Limonium morisianum was investigated. Repeated bioassay-guided chromatographic purifications led to the isolation of the following secondary metabolites: myricetin, myricetin 3-O-rutinoside, myricetin-3-O-(6″-O-galloyl)-β-d-galactopyranoside, (-)-epigallocatechin 3-O-gallate, tryptamine, ferulic and phloretic acids. The isolated compounds were tested on both HIV-1 RT-associated RNase H and IN activities. Interestingly, (-)-epigallocatechin-3-O-gallate and myricetin-3-O-(6″-O-galloyl)-β-d-galactopyranoside potently inhibited both enzyme activities with IC50 values ranging from 0.21 to 10.9 μM. Differently, tryptamine and ferulic acid exhibited a significant inhibition only on the IN strand transfer reaction, showing a selectivity for this viral enzyme. Taken together these results strongly support the potential of this plant as a valuable anti HIV-1 drugs source worthy of further investigations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cinzia Sanna
- a Department of Life and Environmental Sciences , University of Cagliari , Cagliari , Italy
| | - Daniela Rigano
- b Department of Pharmacy, School of Medicine and Surgery , University of Naples Federico II , Naples , Italy
| | - Angela Corona
- a Department of Life and Environmental Sciences , University of Cagliari , Cagliari , Italy
| | - Dario Piano
- a Department of Life and Environmental Sciences , University of Cagliari , Cagliari , Italy
| | - Carmen Formisano
- b Department of Pharmacy, School of Medicine and Surgery , University of Naples Federico II , Naples , Italy
| | - Domenica Farci
- a Department of Life and Environmental Sciences , University of Cagliari , Cagliari , Italy
| | - Genni Franzini
- a Department of Life and Environmental Sciences , University of Cagliari , Cagliari , Italy
| | - Mauro Ballero
- c Cosmese, Consorzio per lo Studio dei Metaboliti Secondari , University of Cagliari , Cagliari , Italy
| | - Giuseppina Chianese
- b Department of Pharmacy, School of Medicine and Surgery , University of Naples Federico II , Naples , Italy
| | - Enzo Tramontano
- a Department of Life and Environmental Sciences , University of Cagliari , Cagliari , Italy.,d Genetics and Biomedical Research Institute , National Research Council (CNR) , Cagliari , Italy
| | - Orazio Taglialatela-Scafati
- b Department of Pharmacy, School of Medicine and Surgery , University of Naples Federico II , Naples , Italy
| | - Francesca Esposito
- a Department of Life and Environmental Sciences , University of Cagliari , Cagliari , Italy
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