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Fu PC, Twyford AD, Hao YT, Zhang Y, Chen SL, Sun SS. Hybridization and divergent climatic preferences drive divergence of two allopatric Gentiana species on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau. ANNALS OF BOTANY 2023; 132:1271-1288. [PMID: 37963010 PMCID: PMC10902892 DOI: 10.1093/aob/mcad179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2023] [Revised: 10/19/2023] [Accepted: 11/13/2023] [Indexed: 11/16/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Exploring how species diverge is vital for understanding the drivers of speciation. Factors such as geographical separation and ecological selection, hybridization, polyploidization and shifts in mating system are all major mechanisms of plant speciation, but their contributions to divergence are rarely well understood. Here we test these mechanisms in two plant species, Gentiana lhassica and G. hoae, with the goal of understanding recent allopatric species divergence on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau (QTP). METHODS We performed Bayesian clustering, phylogenetic analysis and estimates of hybridization using 561 302 nuclear genomic single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs). We performed redundancy analysis, and identified and annotated species-specific SNPs (ssSNPs) to explore the association between climatic preference and genetic divergence. We also estimated genome sizes using flow cytometry to test for overlooked polyploidy. KEY RESULTS Genomic evidence confirms that G. lhassica and G. hoae are closely related but distinct species, while genome size estimates show divergence occurred without polyploidy. Gentiana hoae has significantly higher average FIS values than G. lhassica. Population clustering based on genomic SNPs shows no signature of recent hybridization, but each species is characterized by a distinct history of hybridization with congeners that has shaped genome-wide variation. Gentiana lhassica has captured the chloroplast and experienced introgression with a divergent gentian species, while G. hoae has experienced recurrent hybridization with related taxa. Species distribution modelling suggested range overlap in the Last Interglacial Period, while redundancy analysis showed that precipitation and temperature are the major climatic differences explaining the separation of the species. The species differ by 2993 ssSNPs, with genome annotation showing missense variants in genes involved in stress resistance. CONCLUSIONS This study suggests that the distinctiveness of these species on the QTP is driven by a combination of hybridization, geographical isolation, mating system differences and evolution of divergent climatic preferences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng-Cheng Fu
- School of Life Science, Luoyang Normal University, 6 Jiqing Road, Luoyang 471934, P. R. China
| | - Alex D Twyford
- Institute of Ecology and Evolution, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH9 3FL, UK
- Royal Botanic Garden Edinburgh, 20A Inverleith Row, Edinburgh, EH3 5LR, UK
| | - Yu-Tong Hao
- School of Life Science, Luoyang Normal University, 6 Jiqing Road, Luoyang 471934, P. R. China
| | - Yue Zhang
- School of Life Science, Luoyang Normal University, 6 Jiqing Road, Luoyang 471934, P. R. China
| | - Shi-Long Chen
- Key Laboratory of Adaptation and Evolution of Plateau Biota, Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 810001 Xining, P. R. China
| | - Shan-Shan Sun
- School of Life Science, Luoyang Normal University, 6 Jiqing Road, Luoyang 471934, P. R. China
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Fu PC, Sun SS, Hollingsworth PM, Chen SL, Favre A, Twyford AD. Population genomics reveal deep divergence and strong geographical structure in gentians in the Hengduan Mountains. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:936761. [PMID: 36092450 PMCID: PMC9453878 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.936761] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2022] [Accepted: 07/28/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Understanding the evolutionary and ecological processes driving population differentiation and speciation can provide critical insights into the formation of biodiversity. Here, we examine the link between population genetic processes and biogeographic history underlying the generation of diversity in the Hengduan Mountains (HM), a region harboring a rich and dynamic flora. We used restriction site-associated DNA sequencing to generate 1,907 single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and four-kb of plastid sequence in species of the Gentiana hexaphylla complex (Gentianaceae). We performed genetic clustering with spatial and non-spatial models, phylogenetic reconstructions, and ancestral range estimation, with the aim of addressing the processes influencing diversification of G. hexaphylla in the HM. We find the G. hexaphylla complex is characterized by geographic genetic structure with clusters corresponding to the South, North and the central HM. Phylogenetic reconstruction and pairwise F ST analyses showed deep differentiation between Southern and Northern populations in the HM. The population in Mount Taibai exhibited the highest genetic similarity to the North HM. Ancestral range estimation indicated that the G. hexaphylla complex originated in the central HM and then diverged in the Pliocene and the Early Pleistocene, before dispersing widely, resulting in the current distinct lineages. Overall, we found deep genomic differentiation in the G. hexaphylla complex corresponds to geographic barriers to dispersal in the HM and highlights a critical role of the uplift of the Daxue Mountains and subsequent climatic fluctuations underlying diversification. The colonization of G. hexaphylla in the Mount Taibai region suggests directional dispersal between the alpine flora of the Qinling Mountains and the HM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng-Cheng Fu
- School of Life Science, Luoyang Normal University, Luoyang, China
| | - Shan-Shan Sun
- School of Life Science, Luoyang Normal University, Luoyang, China
| | | | - Shi-Long Chen
- Key Laboratory of Adaptation and Evolution of Plateau Biota, Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xining, China
| | - Adrien Favre
- Senckenberg Research Institute and Natural History Museum, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Alex D. Twyford
- Royal Botanic Garden Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
- Ashworth Laboratories, Institute of Evolutionary Biology, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
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Ni L, Li W, Zhao Z, Gaawe D, Liu T. Migration patterns of Gentiana crassicaulis, an alpine gentian endemic to the Himalaya-Hengduan Mountains. Ecol Evol 2022; 12:e8703. [PMID: 35342601 PMCID: PMC8933255 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.8703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2021] [Revised: 01/24/2022] [Accepted: 02/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The Himalaya-Hengduan Mountain region is one of the hotspots of biodiversity research. The uplift of the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau (QTP) and the Quaternary glaciation caused great environmental changes in this region, and the responses of many species in the QTP to the Quaternary climate are still largely unknown. The genetic structure and phylogeographical history of Gentiana crassicaulis Duthie ex Burk, an endemic Chinese alpine species in this area, were investigated based on four chloroplast fragments and internal transcribed spacer region of the nuclear ribosomal DNA (nrITS) sequences of 11 populations. The populations with highly diverse chloroplast haplotypes were mainly found at the edge of the QTP. There were two main haplotypes of nrITS clones, one shared by the Yunnan and Guizhou populations, and the other by the remaining populations. The population with the highest diversity was the Gansu population, located at the edge of the plateau. Based on molecular dating, the diversification of G. crassicaulis at the edge of the plateau occurred before the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM), and the species may have completed its expansion from the edge to the platform. Ecological niche models were conducted to predict the distributional ranges of G. crassicaulis at present, during the LGM, and during the last interglacial (LIG) period. The results demonstrated that G. crassicaulis survived on the QTP platform and at the edge during the LGM but afterward retreated from the platform to the southern edge, followed by expansion to the platform.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lianghong Ni
- Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese MedicineShanghaiChina
| | - Weitao Li
- Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese MedicineShanghaiChina
| | - Zhili Zhao
- Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese MedicineShanghaiChina
| | - Dorje Gaawe
- Tibetan Traditional Medical CollegeLhasaChina
| | - Tonghua Liu
- Tibetan Traditional Medical CollegeLhasaChina
- Beijing University of Chinese MedicineBeijingChina
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Liu HR, Khan G, Gao Q, Zhang F, Liu W, Wang Y, Fang J, Chen S, Afridi SG. Dispersal into the Qinghai-Tibet plateau: evidence from the genetic structure and demography of the alpine plant Triosteum pinnatifidum. PeerJ 2022; 10:e12754. [PMID: 35178292 PMCID: PMC8815373 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.12754] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2021] [Accepted: 12/15/2021] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Triosteum pinnatifidum Maxim., an alpine plant, is traditionally used for several medicinal purposes. Here, both chloroplast DNA sequences and nuclear low copy sequence markers were used to investigate the genetic diversity and population structure of T. pinnatifidum. Materials were collected from thirteen localities in the northeast Qinghai-Tibet Plateau (QTP) and adjacent highlands and advanced analytical toolkits were used to access their origin and range shifts. The results revealed a higher level of population differentiation based on chloroplast DNA (cpDNA) concatenated sequences compared with the nuclear DNA sequences (F ST = 0.654 for cpDNA, F ST = 0.398 for AT103), indicating that pollen flow was still extensive in T. pinnatifidum. A decline in haplotype variation was observed from the plateau edge and adjoining highlands toward the platform of the QTP. The hypothesis "dispersal into the QTP," proposing that T. pinnatifidum experienced migration from the plateau edge and adjacent highlands to the platform, was supported. These results were in line with the hypothesis that multiple refugia exist on the plateau edge and adjacent highlands rather than on the plateau platform. Our unimodal mismatch distribution, star-like network supported a recent expansion in T. pinnatifidum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hai Rui Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Plateau Ecology and Agriculture, Qinghai University, Xining, Qinghai Province, China,College of Eco-Environmental Engineering, Qinghai University, Xining, Qinghai Province, China,Key Laboratory of Adaptation and Evolution of Plateau Biota, Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xining, Qinghai Province, China
| | - Gulzar Khan
- Institute for Biology and Environmental Sciences, Carl von Ossietzky University Oldenburg, Oldenburg, Lower Saxony, Germany
| | - Qingbo Gao
- Key Laboratory of Adaptation and Evolution of Plateau Biota, Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xining, Qinghai Province, China
| | - Faqi Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Adaptation and Evolution of Plateau Biota, Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xining, Qinghai Province, China
| | - Wenhui Liu
- Department of Geological Engineering, Qinghai University, Xining, Qinghai Province, China
| | - Yingfang Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Plateau Ecology and Agriculture, Qinghai University, Xining, Qinghai Province, China
| | - Jie Fang
- College of Eco-Environmental Engineering, Qinghai University, Xining, Qinghai Province, China
| | - Shilong Chen
- Key Laboratory of Adaptation and Evolution of Plateau Biota, Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xining, Qinghai Province, China
| | - Sahib Gul Afridi
- Department of Biochemistry, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, Marden, Khyber-Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
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Chen C, Yang W, Liu J, Xi Z, Zhang L, Hu Q. Population Transcriptomics Reveals Gene Flow and Introgression Between Two Non-sister Alpine Gentians. Front Ecol Evol 2021. [DOI: 10.3389/fevo.2021.638230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Distributional shifts driven by Quaternary climatic oscillations have been suggested to cause interspecific hybridization and introgression. In this study, we aimed to test this hypothesis by using population transcriptomes and coalescent modeling of two alpine none-sister gentians. Previous studies suggested that historical hybridizations occurred between Gentiana siphonantha and G. straminea in the high-altitude Qinghai-Tibet Plateau although both species are not sister to each other with the most recent divergence. In the present study, we sequenced transcriptomes of 33 individuals from multiple populations of G. siphonantha and G. straminea. The two species are well delimited by nuclear genomic SNPs while phylogenetic analyses of plastomes clustered one G. straminea individual into the G. siphonantha group. Further population structure analyses of the nuclear SNPs suggested that two populations of G. siphonantha were admixed with around 15% ancestry from G. straminea. These analyses suggested genetic introgressions from G. straminea to G. siphonantha. In addition, our coalescent-based modeling results revealed that gene flow occurred between the two species since Last Glacier Maximum after their initial divergence, which might have leaded to the observed introgressions. Our results underscore the significance of transcriptome population data in determining timescale of interspecific gene flow and direction of the resulting introgression.
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Fu PC, Twyford AD, Sun SS, Wang HY, Xia MZ, Tan CX, Zhou XJ, Chen SL. Recurrent hybridization underlies the evolution of novelty in Gentiana (Gentianaceae) in the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau. AOB PLANTS 2021; 13:plaa068. [PMID: 33510891 PMCID: PMC7821390 DOI: 10.1093/aobpla/plaa068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2020] [Accepted: 11/30/2020] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
The Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau (QTP) and adjacent areas are centres of diversity for several alpine groups. Although it is known that the QTP acted as a source area for diversification of the alpine genus Gentiana, the evolutionary processes underlying diversity in this genus, especially the formation of narrow endemics, are still poorly understood. Hybridization has been proposed as a driver of plant endemism in the QTP but few cases have been documented with genetic data. Here, we describe a new endemic species in Gentiana section Cruciata as G. hoae sp. nov., and explore its evolutionary history with complete plastid genomes and nuclear ribosomal internal transcribed spacer sequence data. Genetic divergence within G. hoae ~3 million years ago was followed by postglacial expansion on the QTP, suggesting Pleistocene glaciations as a key factor shaping the population history of G. hoae. Furthermore, a mismatch between plastid and nuclear data suggest that G. hoae participated in historical hybridization, while population sequencing show this species continues to hybridize with the co-occurring congener G. straminea in three locations. Our results indicate that hybridization may be a common process in the evolution of Gentiana and may be widespread among recently diverged taxa of the QTP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng-Cheng Fu
- School of Life Science, Luoyang Normal University, Luoyang, P.R. China
| | - Alex D Twyford
- Ashworth Laboratories, Institute of Evolutionary Biology, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
- Royal Botanic Garden Edinburgh, 20A Inverleith Row, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Shan-Shan Sun
- School of Life Science, Luoyang Normal University, Luoyang, P.R. China
| | - Hong-Yu Wang
- School of Life Science, Luoyang Normal University, Luoyang, P.R. China
| | - Ming-Ze Xia
- Key Laboratory of Adaptation and Evolution of Plateau Biota, Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xining, P.R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Cheng-Xi Tan
- School of Life Science, Luoyang Normal University, Luoyang, P.R. China
| | - Xiao-Jun Zhou
- School of Life Science, Luoyang Normal University, Luoyang, P.R. China
| | - Shi-Long Chen
- Key Laboratory of Adaptation and Evolution of Plateau Biota, Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xining, P.R. China
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Fu PC, Sun SS, Khan G, Dong XX, Tan JZ, Favre A, Zhang FQ, Chen SL. Population subdivision and hybridization in a species complex of Gentiana in the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau. ANNALS OF BOTANY 2020; 125:677-690. [PMID: 31922527 PMCID: PMC7103000 DOI: 10.1093/aob/mcaa003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2019] [Accepted: 01/08/2020] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Hosting several global biodiversity hotspots, the region of the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau (QTP) is exceptionally species-rich and harbours a remarkable level of endemism. Yet, despite a growing number of studies, factors fostering divergence, speciation and ultimately diversity remain poorly understood for QTP alpine plants. This is particularly the case for the role of hybridization. Here, we explored the evolutionary history of three closely related Gentiana endemic species, and tested whether our results supported the mountain geo-biodiversity hypothesis (MGH). METHODS We genotyped 69 populations across the QTP with one chloroplast marker and 12 nuclear microsatellite loci. We performed phylogeographical analysis, Bayesian clustering, approximate Bayesian computation and principal components analysis to explore their genetic relationship and evolutionary history. In addition, we modelled their distribution under different climates. KEY RESULTS Each species was composed of two geographically distinct clades, corresponding to the south-eastern and north-western parts of their distribution. Thus Gentiana veitchiorum and G. lawrencei var. farreri, which diverged recently, appear to have shared at least refugia in the past, from which their range expanded later on. Indeed, climatic niche modelling showed that both species went through continuous expansion from the Last Interglacial Maximum to the present day. Moreover, we have evidence of hybridization in the northwest clade of G. lawrencei var. farreri, which probably occurred in the refugium located on the plateau platform. Furthermore, phylogenetic and population genetic analyses suggested that G. dolichocalyx should be a geographically limited distinct species with low genetic differentiation from G. lawrencei var. farreri. CONCLUSIONS Climatic fluctuations in the region of the QTP have played an important role in shaping the current genetic structure of G. lawrencei var. farreri and G. veitchiorum. We argue that a species pump effect did occur prior to the Last Interglacial Maximum, thus lending support to the MGH. However, our results do depart from expectations as suggested in the MGH for more recent distribution range and hybridization dynamics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng-Cheng Fu
- School of Life Science, Luoyang Normal University, Luoyang, P. R. China
| | - Shan-Shan Sun
- School of Life Science, Luoyang Normal University, Luoyang, P. R. China
| | - Gulzar Khan
- Institute for Biology and Environmental Sciences, Carl von Ossietzky University Oldenburg, Carl von Ossietzky Strasse, Oldenburg, Germany
| | - Xiao-Xia Dong
- School of Life Science, Luoyang Normal University, Luoyang, P. R. China
| | - Jin-Zhou Tan
- School of Life Science, Luoyang Normal University, Luoyang, P. R. China
| | - Adrien Favre
- Senckenberg Research Institute and Natural History Museum, Senckenberganlage, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Fa-Qi Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Adaptation and Evolution of Plateau Biota, Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xining, P. R. China
- Qinghai Provincial Key Laboratory of Crop Molecular Breeding, Xining, P. R. China
| | - Shi-Long Chen
- Key Laboratory of Adaptation and Evolution of Plateau Biota, Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xining, P. R. China
- Qinghai Provincial Key Laboratory of Crop Molecular Breeding, Xining, P. R. China
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Muellner-Riehl AN. Mountains as Evolutionary Arenas: Patterns, Emerging Approaches, Paradigm Shifts, and Their Implications for Plant Phylogeographic Research in the Tibeto-Himalayan Region. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2019; 10:195. [PMID: 30936883 PMCID: PMC6431670 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2019.00195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2018] [Accepted: 02/05/2019] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Recently, the "mountain-geobiodiversity hypothesis" (MGH) was proposed as a key concept for explaining the high levels of biodiversity found in mountain systems of the Tibeto-Himalayan region (THR), which comprises the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau, the Himalayas, and the biodiversity hotspot known as the "Mountains of Southwest China" (Hengduan Mountains region). In addition to the MGH, which covers the entire life span of a mountain system, a complementary concept, the so-called "flickering connectivity system" (FCS), was recently proposed for the period of the Quaternary. The FCS focuses on connectivity dynamics in alpine ecosystems caused by the drastic climatic changes during the past ca. 2.6 million years, emphasizing that range fragmentation and allopatric speciation are not the sole factors for accelerated evolution of species richness and endemism in mountains. I here provide a review of the current state of knowledge concerning geological uplift, Quaternary glaciation, and the main phylogeographic patterns ("contraction/recolonization," "platform refugia/local expansion," and "microrefugia") of seed plant species in the THR. In addition, I make specific suggestions as to which factors future avenues of phylogeographic research should take into account based on the fundamentals presented by the MGH and FCS, and associated complementary paradigm shifts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra N. Muellner-Riehl
- Department of Molecular Evolution and Plant Systematics & Herbarium (LZ), Leipzig University, Leipzig, Germany
- German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv) Halle-Jena-Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
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Fu PC, Ya HY, Liu QW, Cai HM, Chen SL. Out of Refugia: Population Genetic Structure and Evolutionary History of the Alpine Medicinal Plant Gentiana lawrencei var. farreri (Gentianaceae). Front Genet 2018; 9:564. [PMID: 30534138 PMCID: PMC6275180 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2018.00564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2018] [Accepted: 11/06/2018] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Understanding the genetic structure and evolutionary history of plants contributes to their conservation and utilization and helps to predict their response to environmental changes. The wildflower and traditional Chinese and Tibetan medicinal plant Gentiana lawrencei var. farreri is endemic to the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau (QTP). To explore its genetic structure and evolutionary history, the genetic diversity, divergence, and demographics were analyzed in individuals from 31 locations across the QTP using 1 chloroplast marker and 10 nuclear microsatellite loci. High genetic diversity was detected in G. lawrencei var. farreri, and most of the genetic variance was found within populations. Values of F ST in G. lawrencei var. farreri from nuclear microsatellite and chloroplast data were 0.1757 and 0.739, respectively. The data indicated the presence of isolation by distance. The southeast edge of the QTP was the main refugium for G. lawrencei var. farreri, and one microrefugium was also detected in the plateau platform of the QTP. Both nuclear microsatellite and chloroplast data indicated that the populations were divided into two geographically structured groups, a southeast group and a northwest group. The current genetic pattern was mainly formed through recolonization from the two independent refugia. Significant melt was detected at the adjacent area of the two geographically structured groups. Approximate Bayesian computation showed that the northwest group had diverged from the southeast group, which then underwent population expansion. Our results suggest that the two-refugia pattern had a significant impact on the genetic structure and evolutionary history of G. lawrencei var. farreri.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng-Cheng Fu
- College of Life Science, Luoyang Normal University, Luoyang, China
| | - Hui-Yuan Ya
- College of Food and Drug, Luoyang Normal University, Luoyang, China
| | - Qi-Wei Liu
- College of Life Science, Luoyang Normal University, Luoyang, China
| | - Hui-Min Cai
- College of Life Science, Luoyang Normal University, Luoyang, China
| | - Shi-Long Chen
- Key Laboratory of Adaptation and Evolution of Plateau Biota, Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xining, China
- Qinghai Provincial Key Laboratory of Crop Molecular Breeding, Xining, China
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Yu H, Favre A, Sui X, Chen Z, Qi W, Xie G. Mapping the genetic patterns of plants in the region of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau: Implications for conservation strategies. DIVERS DISTRIB 2018. [DOI: 10.1111/ddi.12847] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Haibin Yu
- School of Life Sciences; Guangzhou University; Guangzhou China
| | - Adrien Favre
- Senckenberg Research Institute and Natural History Museum; Frankfurt am Main Germany
| | - Xinghua Sui
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol; School of Life Sciences; Sun Yat-sen University; Guangzhou China
| | - Zhao Chen
- Guangdong Institute of Eco-environmental Science & Technology; Guangzhou China
| | - Wei Qi
- Institute of Polar Meteorology; Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences; Beijing China
| | - Guowen Xie
- School of Life Sciences; Guangzhou University; Guangzhou China
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Wang A, Li W. Genetic diversity of Rheum tanguticum (Polygonaceae), an endangered species on Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau. BIOCHEM SYST ECOL 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bse.2016.09.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Genetic homogenization of the nuclear ITS loci across two morphologically distinct gentians in their overlapping distributions in the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau. Sci Rep 2016; 6:34244. [PMID: 27687878 PMCID: PMC5043236 DOI: 10.1038/srep34244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2016] [Accepted: 09/09/2016] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Interspecific hybridization and introgression can lead to partial genetic homogenization at certain neutral loci between morphologically distinct species and may obscure the species delimitation using nuclear genes. In this study, we investigated this phenomenon through population genetic survey of two alpine plants (Gentiana siphonantha and G. straminea) in the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, where the distributions of two species are partly overlapped. We identified two clusters of chloroplast DNA haplotypes which correspond to the two species, and three clusters of ITS ribotypes. In addition to clusters specific to each species, the third ITS cluster, which was most likely derived from hybridization between the other two clusters and subsequent recombination and concerted evolution, was widely shared by two species in their adjacent areas. In contrast to the morphological distinctiveness of the two species, interspecific gene flow possibly led to genetic homogenization at their ITS loci. The new ITS lineage recovered for species in adjacent areas is distinctly different from original lineages found in allopatric areas. These findings may have general implications for our understanding of cryptic changes at some genetic loci caused by interspecific gene flow in the history, and they indicate that species delimitation should be based on a combination of both nuclear and chloroplast DNA sequence variations.
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