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Lian H, Yi L, Qiu M, Li B, Sun L, Zeng H, Zeng B, Yang F, Yang H, Yang M, Xie C, Qu L, Lin H, Hu P, Xu S, Zeng H, Lu J. Genomic epidemiology of CVA10 in Guangdong, China, 2013-2021. Virol J 2024; 21:122. [PMID: 38816865 PMCID: PMC11140982 DOI: 10.1186/s12985-024-02389-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2024] [Accepted: 05/14/2024] [Indexed: 06/01/2024] Open
Abstract
Hand, Foot and Mouth Disease (HFMD) is a highly contagious viral illness primarily affecting children globally. A significant epidemiological transition has been noted in mainland China, characterized by a substantial increase in HFMD cases caused by non-Enterovirus A71 (EV-A71) and non-Coxsackievirus A16 (CVA16) enteroviruses (EVs). Our study conducts a retrospective examination of 36,461 EV-positive specimens collected from Guangdong, China, from 2013 to 2021. Epidemiological trends suggest that, following 2013, Coxsackievirus A6 (CVA6) and Coxsackievirus A10 (CVA10) have emerged as the primary etiological agents for HFMD. In stark contrast, the incidence of EV-A71 has sharply declined, nearing extinction after 2018. Notably, cases of CVA10 infection were considerably younger, with a median age of 1.8 years, compared to 2.3 years for those with EV-A71 infections, possibly indicating accumulated EV-A71-specific herd immunity among young children. Through extensive genomic sequencing and analysis, we identified the N136D mutation in the 2 A protein, contributing to a predominant subcluster within genogroup C of CVA10 circulating in Guangdong since 2017. Additionally, a high frequency of recombination events was observed in genogroup F of CVA10, suggesting that the prevalence of this lineage might be underrecognized. The dynamic landscape of EV genotypes, along with their potential to cause outbreaks, underscores the need to broaden surveillance efforts to include a more diverse spectrum of EV genotypes. Moreover, given the shifting dominance of EV genotypes, it may be prudent to re-evaluate and optimize existing vaccination strategies, which are currently focused primarily target EV-A71.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huimin Lian
- School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Institution of Public Health, Guangdong Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathogen Detection for Emerging Infectious Disease Response, Guangdong Workstation for Emerging Infectious Disease Control and Prevention, Guangdong Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lina Yi
- Guangdong Provincial Institution of Public Health, Guangdong Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathogen Detection for Emerging Infectious Disease Response, Guangdong Workstation for Emerging Infectious Disease Control and Prevention, Guangdong Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ming Qiu
- Guangdong Provincial Institution of Public Health, Guangdong Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathogen Detection for Emerging Infectious Disease Response, Guangdong Workstation for Emerging Infectious Disease Control and Prevention, Guangdong Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangzhou, China
- School of Public Health, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Baisheng Li
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathogen Detection for Emerging Infectious Disease Response, Guangdong Workstation for Emerging Infectious Disease Control and Prevention, Guangdong Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangzhou, China
| | - Limei Sun
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathogen Detection for Emerging Infectious Disease Response, Guangdong Workstation for Emerging Infectious Disease Control and Prevention, Guangdong Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangzhou, China
| | - Huiling Zeng
- Guangdong Provincial Institution of Public Health, Guangdong Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathogen Detection for Emerging Infectious Disease Response, Guangdong Workstation for Emerging Infectious Disease Control and Prevention, Guangdong Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangzhou, China
- School of Public Health, Guangdong Pharmaceutica University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Biao Zeng
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathogen Detection for Emerging Infectious Disease Response, Guangdong Workstation for Emerging Infectious Disease Control and Prevention, Guangdong Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangzhou, China
| | - Fen Yang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathogen Detection for Emerging Infectious Disease Response, Guangdong Workstation for Emerging Infectious Disease Control and Prevention, Guangdong Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangzhou, China
| | - Haiyi Yang
- Guangdong Provincial Institution of Public Health, Guangdong Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathogen Detection for Emerging Infectious Disease Response, Guangdong Workstation for Emerging Infectious Disease Control and Prevention, Guangdong Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangzhou, China
- School of Public Health, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Mingda Yang
- Guangdong Provincial Institution of Public Health, Guangdong Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathogen Detection for Emerging Infectious Disease Response, Guangdong Workstation for Emerging Infectious Disease Control and Prevention, Guangdong Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangzhou, China
- School of Public Health, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Chunyan Xie
- Guangdong Provincial Institution of Public Health, Guangdong Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathogen Detection for Emerging Infectious Disease Response, Guangdong Workstation for Emerging Infectious Disease Control and Prevention, Guangdong Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangzhou, China
- School of Public Health, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lin Qu
- Guangdong Provincial Institution of Public Health, Guangdong Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathogen Detection for Emerging Infectious Disease Response, Guangdong Workstation for Emerging Infectious Disease Control and Prevention, Guangdong Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangzhou, China
- School of Public Health, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Huifang Lin
- Guangdong Provincial Institution of Public Health, Guangdong Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathogen Detection for Emerging Infectious Disease Response, Guangdong Workstation for Emerging Infectious Disease Control and Prevention, Guangdong Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangzhou, China
| | - Pengwei Hu
- Shenzhen Nanshan Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shenzhen, China
| | - Shaojian Xu
- Longhua District Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shenzhen, China
| | - Hanri Zeng
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathogen Detection for Emerging Infectious Disease Response, Guangdong Workstation for Emerging Infectious Disease Control and Prevention, Guangdong Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Jing Lu
- School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.
- Guangdong Provincial Institution of Public Health, Guangdong Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangzhou, China.
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathogen Detection for Emerging Infectious Disease Response, Guangdong Workstation for Emerging Infectious Disease Control and Prevention, Guangdong Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangzhou, China.
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Lu J, Tao Z, Zhang Y. Progressing our knowledge of enterovirus: Epidemiology, diagnosis, prevention, control, and beyond. BIOSAFETY AND HEALTH 2024; 6:3-4. [PMID: 40078306 PMCID: PMC11895031 DOI: 10.1016/j.bsheal.2024.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2023] [Revised: 01/02/2024] [Accepted: 01/02/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2025] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Jing Lu
- Guangdong Provincial Institution of Public Health, Guangdong Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangzhou 511430, China
| | - Zexin Tao
- Shandong Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Jinan 250014, China
| | - Yong Zhang
- National Key Laboratory of Intelligent Tracking and Forecasting for Infectious Diseases (NITFID), National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 102206, China
- National Polio Laboratory, WHO WPRO Regional Polio Reference Laboratory, National Health Commission Key Laboratory for Biosafety, National Health Commission Key Laboratory for Medical Virology, National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 102206, China
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