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Abstract
Burns are devastating injuries that cause significant morbidity, emotional distress, and decreased quality of life. Advances in care have improved survival and functional outcomes; however, burns remain a major public health problem in developing countries. More than 95% of burns occur in low- and middle-income countries, where access to basic health care is limited. The upper extremity is involved in the majority of severe burn injuries. The purpose of this article is to review upper extremity burn epidemiology, risk factors, prevention strategies, and treatment options in resource-limited settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah E. Sasor
- Hand Surgery Fellow, Department of Surgery, Section of Plastic Surgery, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Kevin C. Chung
- Professor of Surgery, Department of Surgery, Section of Plastic Surgery, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
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Pripotnev S, Papp A. Split thickness skin graft meshing ratio indications and common practices. Burns 2017; 43:1775-1781. [DOI: 10.1016/j.burns.2017.04.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2016] [Revised: 04/15/2017] [Accepted: 04/20/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Kokacya O, Ciftci Kokacya M. Pseudo self-mutilation burn in a Somali man: Complication of a traditional treatment. Burns 2017; 43:1607-1610. [PMID: 28797574 DOI: 10.1016/j.burns.2017.02.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2017] [Accepted: 02/19/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Omer Kokacya
- Mogadishu Somalia Turkey Training and Research Hospital, Department of Plastic Reconstructive and Aesthetic Surgery, Mogadishu, Somalia.
| | - Mehtap Ciftci Kokacya
- Mogadishu Somalia Turkey Training and Research Hospital, Department of Children Health and Diseases, Mogadishu, Somalia.
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Kattan AE, AlShomer F, Alhujayri AK, Addar A, Aljerian A. Current knowledge of burn injury first aid practices and applied traditional remedies: a nationwide survey. BURNS & TRAUMA 2016; 4:37. [PMID: 27826592 PMCID: PMC5094133 DOI: 10.1186/s41038-016-0063-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2016] [Accepted: 09/22/2016] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Burn first aid awareness has been shown to reduce morbidity and mortality. We present a report on the knowledge and practices of the Saudi population with regard to burn first aid and the application of traditional remedies. METHODS An internet-based survey was conducted to assess the public's knowledge on first aid practices and home remedies applied for burn injuries among Saudi adults. RESULTS A total of 2758 individuals responded to the survey. There were 1178 (42.7 %) respondents who had previously received burn first aid information. One thousand five hundred fifty respondents had a history of burn exposure in which burn injury first aid was applied as follows: 1118 (72.1 %) removed clothing and accessories from the injured area; water was applied by 990 (63.9 %); among those who applied water, 877 (88.6 %) applied cold water; and only 57 (5.8 %) did so for more than 15 min. Wrapping the burn area was performed by 526 (33.9 %), and 985 (63.5 %) sought medical assistance. When it comes to traditional remedies, 2134 (77.4 %) knew of and/or implemented these remedies as first aid or to treat burns. Honey and toothpaste were the commonest among these remedies with 1491 (69.9 %) and 1147 (53.7 %), respectively. This was associated with female gender (r = 0.87, P < 0.001), younger age group (19-25 years) (r = 0.077, P < 0.001), from central region (r = 0.012, P < 0.001), and university graduate (r = 0.05, P = 0.002). Nearly half of those who knew of traditional remedies did not have previous knowledge of burn first aid. CONCLUSIONS Proper burn first aid is a simple, cheap, and accessible means of managing burns initially. Although the majority of the respondents were university graduates (51.1 %), knowledge and implementation of burn first aid was very poor. Major healthcare agencies should review and promote a consistent guideline for burn first aid in an effort to tackle and minimize the effect of this grave injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdullah E Kattan
- Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery Unit, King Khalid University Hospital, College of Medicine, King Saud University, 37 P. O. Box 7805, Riyadh, 11472 Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Feras AlShomer
- Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery Unit, King Khalid University Hospital, College of Medicine, King Saud University, 37 P. O. Box 7805, Riyadh, 11472 Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdulaziz K Alhujayri
- Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery Unit, King Khalid University Hospital, College of Medicine, King Saud University, 37 P. O. Box 7805, Riyadh, 11472 Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdullah Addar
- Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery Unit, King Khalid University Hospital, College of Medicine, King Saud University, 37 P. O. Box 7805, Riyadh, 11472 Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Albaraa Aljerian
- Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery Unit, King Khalid University Hospital, College of Medicine, King Saud University, 37 P. O. Box 7805, Riyadh, 11472 Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
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Gandhi A, Luyckx K, Maitra S, Claes L. Non-suicidal self-injury and other self-directed violent behaviors in India: A review of definitions and research. Asian J Psychiatr 2016; 22:196-201. [PMID: 26482720 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajp.2015.09.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2015] [Revised: 09/21/2015] [Accepted: 09/28/2015] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
The interpersonal theory of suicide suggests that most forms of self-directed violent behaviors lie on a continuum, with each behavior successively increasing the capability of committing suicide. There is increasing evidence to suggest that the continuum may begin with Non-Suicidal Self-Injury (NSSI). This theory can be important in developing interventions for suicide prevention. However, in India, consistent usage of definitions of various forms of self-directed violent behaviors is lacking. In the present study, we reviewed definitions of various forms of self-directed violent behaviors that have been investigated in India. Further, we compared the usage of these definitions with the usage by WHO. Additionally, we reviewed NSSI research in India. Thirty-eight publications were identified by a comprehensive electronic search undertaken in Indian psychiatry, psychology, and mental health-related databases. Inconsistent definitions of eight self-directed violent behaviors were observed in Indian literature. Agreement on consistent definitions of various forms of self-directed behaviors is essential. Based on the findings of the current review, it can be suggested that culturally relevant large-scale research on NSSI in India is required to confirm the limited evidence that suggests high prevalence of NSSI in India.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amarendra Gandhi
- Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.
| | - Koen Luyckx
- Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Shubhada Maitra
- Centre for Health and Mental Health, Tata Institute of Social Sciences, Mumbai, India
| | - Laurence Claes
- Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium; Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences (CAPRI), University of Antwerp, Antwerpen, Belgium
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Alomar M, Rouqi FA, Eldali A. Knowledge, attitude, and belief regarding burn first aid among caregivers attending pediatric emergency medicine departments. Burns 2016; 42:938-43. [DOI: 10.1016/j.burns.2016.03.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2015] [Revised: 02/26/2016] [Accepted: 03/24/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Arslan K, Çiftçi İ, Doğru O, Altuntaş Z, Atay A. The Necessity of Burn Treatment Units. ELECTRONIC JOURNAL OF GENERAL MEDICINE 2013. [DOI: 10.29333/ejgm/82366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Issues to address in burn care for ethnic minority children: A qualitative study of the experiences of health care staff. Burns 2012; 38:730-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.burns.2011.12.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2011] [Revised: 11/17/2011] [Accepted: 12/09/2011] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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Kluger N. [Devotional dermatoses]. Ann Dermatol Venereol 2012; 139:309-20; quiz 308, 322. [PMID: 22482487 DOI: 10.1016/j.annder.2012.01.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2011] [Revised: 12/22/2011] [Accepted: 01/06/2012] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- N Kluger
- Departments of Dermatology, Allergology and Venereology, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Helsinki, Skin and Allergies Hospital, Helsinki University Central Hospital, Meilahdentie 2, Helsinki, Finland.
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Alabi GH, Omolase CO. Feet burning: a traditional medical practice associated with significant burns in patients with seizures: 4 case reports. Burns 2011; 38:e5-8. [PMID: 22035887 DOI: 10.1016/j.burns.2011.09.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2011] [Revised: 09/26/2011] [Accepted: 09/29/2011] [Indexed: 10/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- G H Alabi
- Plastic Unit, Department of Surgery, Federal Medical Centre, PMB 1053, Owo, Ondo State, Nigeria.
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Peck MD. Epidemiology of burns throughout the world. Part I: Distribution and risk factors. Burns 2011; 37:1087-100. [PMID: 21802856 DOI: 10.1016/j.burns.2011.06.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 615] [Impact Index Per Article: 47.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2010] [Revised: 04/22/2011] [Accepted: 06/19/2011] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Globally in 2004, the incidence of burns severe enough to require medical attention was nearly 11 million people and ranked fourth in all injuries, higher than the combined incidence of tuberculosis and HIV infections. Fortunately, although burns and fires account for over 300,000 deaths each year throughout the world, the vast majority of burns are not fatal. Nonetheless, fire-related burns are also among the leading causes of disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) lost in low- and middle-income countries (LMIC). Morbidity and mortality due to fire and flames has declined worldwide in the past decades. However, 90% of burn deaths occur in LMIC, where prevention programs are uncommon and the quality of acute care is inconsistent. Even in high-income countries, burns occur disproportionately to racial and ethnic minorities such that socioeconomic status--more than cultural or educational factors--account for most of the increased burn susceptibility. Risk factors for burns include those related to socioeconomic status, race and ethnicity, age, and gender, as well as those factors pertaining to region of residence, intent of injury, and comorbidity. Both the epidemiology and risk factors of burns injuries worldwide are reviewed in this paper.
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Effective role of broadcasting systems in prevention of burns due to an Iranian traditional custom: Chaharshanbe-Suri. Burns 2011; 37:1269-70. [PMID: 21703767 DOI: 10.1016/j.burns.2011.04.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2011] [Accepted: 04/19/2011] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Sadeghi Bazargani H, Arshi S, Ekman R, Mohammadi R. Prevention-oriented epidemiology of burns in Ardabil provincial burn centre, Iran. Burns 2010; 37:521-7. [PMID: 21131133 DOI: 10.1016/j.burns.2010.09.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2010] [Revised: 08/13/2010] [Accepted: 09/30/2010] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
In preventing burns, it is essential to know how they occur and which population groups, environments and heating appliances can be targeted for prevention work. The aim of this study was to determine the epidemiological characteristics of burns leading to hospitalisation in the northwest of Iran with a focus on the pre-event phase of injury. Between 2007 and 2008, 237 burn victims hospitalised in Ardabil provincial burn centre were enrolled into a descriptive study. A questionnaire was filled in during hospital stay for all patients, with a focus on obtaining information necessary for prevention purposes. Males constituted 56% of victims. Mean age was 22 years. The most severe burns occurred between the ages of 18 and 32 years, and were mainly flame related. Both in case of flame and non-flame burns, women suffered more severe burns and mortality than men. However, with respect to non-flame burns of which most were scalds, the majority of the severe cases involved children under the age of 5 years. More than 80% of burns occurred at home. The kitchen was the main place of injury in 47% of cases, followed by living rooms in 28%. Nearly 45% of burns were scalds and 47% were flame burns. The main container was the samovar in 37%, followed by kettles in 32% and pots in 22%. The overturning of a container was the major mechanism of contact with hot liquids in 86%. Bumping into a container was the main scenario of a scald injury, constituting nearly 70% of the cases. The difference between flame and non-flame burns in the distribution of burns in extremities was not statistically significant, but head and neck burns were 3.7 times more likely to be caused by flame. The two most important injury patterns, more common among women, were getting burned while using a camping gas stove or while refilling the chamber of kerosene-burning appliances without first extinguishing them. Domestic burns among children and young women are a priority in injury-prevention programmes. Camping gas stoves, valors (traditional dual-purpose heating and cooking appliances) and samovars can be considered as target appliances for burn-specific home-safety-promotion efforts in this area or in similar settings.
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Johari HG, Mohammadi AA. Burn injuries due to Iranian traditional customs. Burns 2010; 36:585-6; author reply 586. [DOI: 10.1016/j.burns.2009.09.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2009] [Accepted: 09/14/2009] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Response to Letter to the Editor: “Burn injuries due to Iranian Traditional cultures”. Burns 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.burns.2009.09.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Al-Qattan M. Re: Burn injuries due to Christian religious customs. Burns 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.burns.2009.04.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Klinge K, Chamberlain DJ, Redden M, King L. Psychological adjustments made by postburn injury patients: an integrative literature review. J Adv Nurs 2009; 65:2274-92. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2648.2009.05138.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Gohritz A, Busche M, Aust M, Vogt PM, Guggenheim M. Burn injuries due to Christian religious customs. Burns 2009; 36:291-2; author reply 292. [PMID: 19577372 DOI: 10.1016/j.burns.2009.04.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2009] [Accepted: 04/21/2009] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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