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Yıldız M, Sarpdağı Y, Okuyar M, Yildiz M, Çiftci N, Elkoca A, Yildirim MS, Aydin MA, Parlak M, Bingöl B. Segmentation and classification of skin burn images with artificial intelligence: Development of a mobile application. Burns 2024; 50:966-979. [PMID: 38331663 DOI: 10.1016/j.burns.2024.01.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2023] [Revised: 12/26/2023] [Accepted: 01/10/2024] [Indexed: 02/10/2024]
Abstract
AIM This study was conducted to determine the segmentation, classification, object detection, and accuracy of skin burn images using artificial intelligence and a mobile application. With this study, individuals were able to determine the degree of burns and see how to intervene through the mobile application. METHODS This research was conducted between 26.10.2021-01.09.2023. In this study, the dataset was handled in two stages. In the first stage, the open-access dataset was taken from https://universe.roboflow.com/, and the burn images dataset was created. In the second stage, in order to determine the accuracy of the developed system and artificial intelligence model, the patients admitted to the hospital were identified with our own design Burn Wound Detection Android application. RESULTS In our study, YOLO V7 architecture was used for segmentation, classification, and object detection. There are 21018 data in this study, and 80% of them are used as training data, and 20% of them are used as test data. The YOLO V7 model achieved a success rate of 75.12% on the test data. The Burn Wound Detection Android mobile application that we developed in the study was used to accurately detect images of individuals. CONCLUSION In this study, skin burn images were segmented, classified, object detected, and a mobile application was developed using artificial intelligence. First aid is crucial in burn cases, and it is an important development for public health that people living in the periphery can quickly determine the degree of burn through the mobile application and provide first aid according to the instructions of the mobile application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Metin Yıldız
- Department of Nursing, Sakarya University, Sakarya, Turkey.
| | - Yakup Sarpdağı
- Department of Nursing Van Yuzuncu Yil University, Turkey
| | - Mehmet Okuyar
- Sakarya University of Applied Sciences Biomedical Engineering, Sakarya, Turkey
| | - Mehmet Yildiz
- Sakarya University of Applied Sciences, Distance Education Research and Application Center, Sakarya, Turkey
| | - Necmettin Çiftci
- Muş Alparslan University, Faculty of Health Sciences, Department of Nursing, 49100 Muş, Turkey
| | - Ayşe Elkoca
- Gaziantep Islamic University of Science and Technology Faculty of Health Sciences, Midwifery, Turkey
| | - Mehmet Salih Yildirim
- Vocational School of Health Services, Agri Ibrahim Cecen University School of Health, Agri, Turkey
| | | | - Mehmet Parlak
- Ataturk University, Department of Nursing, Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Bünyamin Bingöl
- Sakarya University, Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Sakarya, Turkey
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Holbert MD, Kimble RM, Watt K, Griffin BR. Barriers and facilitators to burn first aid practice in the prehospital setting: A qualitative investigation amongst emergency medical service clinicians. Burns 2024; 50:674-684. [PMID: 38065804 DOI: 10.1016/j.burns.2023.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2023] [Revised: 10/15/2023] [Accepted: 12/01/2023] [Indexed: 04/08/2024]
Abstract
First aid cooling for burn injuries improves re-epithelialisation rates and reduces scarring. The objective of this research was to explore and describe barriers and facilitators to the provision of optimal first aid for acute burn patients in the prehospital setting. Emergency medical service (EMS) clinicians in Queensland were invited via email to participate in a survey designed to assess experience, knowledge, and attitudes regarding provision of optimal burn first aid in the prehospital setting (N = 4500). Barriers and facilitators to administering optimal first aid in the prehospital environment were assessed via two open-ended questions with free-text response boxes. An inductive approach to qualitative content analysis was used to analyze free-text data. In total, we included 326 respondents (7.2% response rate). Responses (n = 231) regarding barriers to first aid were classified into 12 categories, within five overarching dimensions. The most common of these was identified as pain. Similarly, free text responses (n = 276) regarding facilitators of burn first aid formed eight dimensions with 21 subcategories - most commonly fast and effective pain relief. Factors influencing burn first aid provision in the prehospital setting were wide-ranging and varied, with pain identified as the most prominent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maleea D Holbert
- Centre for Children's Burns and Trauma Research, Centre for Children's Health Research, South Brisbane 4101, Queensland, Australia; Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Brisbane 4067, Queensland, Australia; Faculty of Health, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Griffith University, Brisbane 4111, Queensland, Australia.
| | - Roy M Kimble
- Centre for Children's Burns and Trauma Research, Centre for Children's Health Research, South Brisbane 4101, Queensland, Australia; Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Brisbane 4067, Queensland, Australia; Pegg Leditschke Children's Burns Centre, Queensland Children's Hospital, South Brisbane 4101, Queensland, Australia
| | - Kerrianne Watt
- Information Support, Research & Evaluation, Office of the Medical Director, Queensland Ambulance Service, Kedron 4031, Queensland, Australia; College of Public Health, Medical and Veterinary Sciences, James Cook University, Townsville 4810 Queensland, Australia
| | - Bronwyn R Griffin
- Centre for Children's Burns and Trauma Research, Centre for Children's Health Research, South Brisbane 4101, Queensland, Australia; Faculty of Health, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Griffith University, Brisbane 4111, Queensland, Australia; Pegg Leditschke Children's Burns Centre, Queensland Children's Hospital, South Brisbane 4101, Queensland, Australia
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Baldwin AJ. Readability, accountability, and quality of burns first aid information available online. Burns 2023; 49:1823-1832. [PMID: 37821277 DOI: 10.1016/j.burns.2023.03.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2022] [Revised: 02/05/2023] [Accepted: 03/06/2023] [Indexed: 03/12/2023]
Abstract
AIM To assess the readability, accountability, and quality of burns first aid information available online. METHODS The top 50 English language webpages containing burns first aid information were compiled and categorised. Readability was measured using five validated tools. Accountability was assessed using the Journal of the American Medical Association (JAMA) benchmarks. Quality was evaluated using a scale based on previous literature. RESULTS Two (4%) webpages were judged to be at the target reading level using all tools. Median grade ranged from 4.6 to 9.6 (M = 6.9, SD = 1.1). One-sample one-tailed t-test determined that median grade was not significantly below the target grade of ≤ 6.9 (p = 0.314). Only seven (14%) webpages satisfied all the JAMA accountability benchmarks. No webpages fulfilled all 15 quality criteria. Mean quality score was 9.8 (SD = 2.4). Only 27 (54%) advised 20 min of cooling. One-way analysis of variance demonstrated that accountability was influenced by source (p = 0.01). Pearson's correlation coefficient revealed that accountability and quality had a positive correlation (r = 0.32, p = 0.02). CONCLUSION Much of the burns first aid information available online is written above the recommended reading level and fails to meet standards of accountability or quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander J Baldwin
- Department of Burns and Plastic Surgery, Buckinghamshire Healthcare NHS Trust, Buckinghamshire, UK.
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Farzan R, Parvizi A, Takasi P, Mollaei A, Karkhah S, Firooz M, Hosseini SJ, Haddadi S, Ghorbani Vajargah P. Caregivers' knowledge with burned children and related factors towards burn first aid: A systematic review. Int Wound J 2023; 20:2887-2897. [PMID: 36859701 PMCID: PMC10410335 DOI: 10.1111/iwj.14130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2023] [Revised: 02/06/2023] [Accepted: 02/13/2023] [Indexed: 03/03/2023] Open
Abstract
This systematic review aimed to examine the caregivers' knowledge with burned children and related factors towards burn first aid. A comprehensive, systematic search was performed in different international electronic databases, such as Scopus, PubMed, Web of Science, and Persian electronic databases such as Iranmedex, and Scientific Information Database using keywords extracted from Medical Subject Headings such as "Knowledge", "First aid", "Caregiver", "Burn", and "Child" from the earliest to the December 1, 2022. The quality of the studies included in this systematic review was evaluated by using the appraisal tool for cross-sectional studies (AXIS tool). A total of 11 763 caregivers of children with burns were enrolled in 14 studies. Of the participants, 78.81% were female and 41.15% had a university education. The mean score of caregivers' knowledge with burned children towards burn first aid was 51.44 out of 100. The knowledge of caregivers of burned children towards burn first aid had a significant positive relationship with the level of education, first aid training, age of caregivers, history of burn, number of children, monthly income, social status, and attitude. In addition, caregivers' knowledge had a significant negative relationship with the number of children. Furthermore, there was a significant relationship between caregivers' knowledge and level of education, monthly income, smoking, and previous knowledge of first aid. The level of caregivers' knowledge with burned children towards burn first aid was moderate. Therefore, health managers and policymakers can improve the knowledge of caregivers of burned children towards burn first aid by creating suitable platforms for face-to-face training as well as online training using websites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramyar Farzan
- Department of Plastic & Reconstructive Surgery, School of MedicineGuilan University of Medical SciencesRashtIran
| | - Arman Parvizi
- Anesthesiology Research Center, Department of Anesthesiology, Alzahra HospitalGuilan University of Medical SciencesRashtIran
| | - Poorya Takasi
- Burn and Regenerative Medicine Research CenterGuilan University of Medical SciencesRashtIran
- Department of Medical‐Surgical Nursing, School of Nursing and MidwiferyGuilan University of Medical SciencesRashtIran
| | - Amirabbas Mollaei
- Burn and Regenerative Medicine Research CenterGuilan University of Medical SciencesRashtIran
- Department of Medical‐Surgical Nursing, School of Nursing and MidwiferyGuilan University of Medical SciencesRashtIran
| | - Samad Karkhah
- Burn and Regenerative Medicine Research CenterGuilan University of Medical SciencesRashtIran
- Department of Medical‐Surgical Nursing, School of Nursing and MidwiferyGuilan University of Medical SciencesRashtIran
| | - Mahbobeh Firooz
- Department of NursingEsfarayen Faculty of Medical SciencesEsfarayenIran
| | | | - Soudabeh Haddadi
- Anesthesiology Research Center, Department of Anesthesiology, Alzahra HospitalGuilan University of Medical SciencesRashtIran
| | - Pooyan Ghorbani Vajargah
- Anesthesiology Research Center, Department of Anesthesiology, Alzahra HospitalGuilan University of Medical SciencesRashtIran
- Burn and Regenerative Medicine Research CenterGuilan University of Medical SciencesRashtIran
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Gurbuz K, Demir M, Das K. A survey of YouTube videos as a source of useful/un-useful information in the field of the prevention and management of burn injuries: A cross-sectional analysis of the English language content. J Burn Care Res 2021; 43:971-976. [PMID: 34877599 DOI: 10.1093/jbcr/irab231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
The study was designed on whether YouTube videos are useful as an information resource in the field of burn injury prevention and management. Current literature on the educational content and quality of burn-related first aid videos on YouTube was reported as inadequate and inaccurate. However, the quality of YouTube videos on various medical and clinical topics has been the subject of many previous studies, and there has been increasing evidence that the content ratio of usefulness was higher than that of non-useful. While hours and even minutes in burn injuries are as precious as gold in terms of outcomes, it would be a significant loss not to use the most popular and easily accessible free social media platform of our time as a tool that can contribute to the prevention of burns and raise awareness. Analysis was conducted with the remaining 96 videos from 240 videos obtained from YouTube, according to possible search terms and exclusion of videos according to predetermined criteria. The Global Quality Score (GQS) and modified DISCERN (m.DISCERN) tools were used to assess the quality and reliability of the videos. Viewer engagement metrics and video properties were also investigated according to the usefulness criteria (e.g., video length, duration on YouTube, topic contents, source uploads, reliability, and quality). Finally, it was revealed that nearly 80 percent of the YouTube videos contained information in the field of the prevention and management of burn injuries deemed useful in this study, comparable to the other medical disciplines' reports in the literature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kayhan Gurbuz
- University of Health Sciences, Adana City Training and Research Hospital, Department of General Surgery, Burn Center, Adana, Turkey
| | - Mete Demir
- University of Health Sciences, Adana City Training and Research Hospital, Department of General Surgery, Burn Center, Adana, Turkey
| | - Koray Das
- University of Health Sciences, Adana City Training and Research Hospital, Department of General Surgery, Burn Center, Adana, Turkey
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Gong J, Tracy LM, Edgar DW, Wood FM, Singer Y, Gabbe BJ. Poorer first aid after burn is associated with remoteness in Australia: Where to from here? Aust J Rural Health 2021; 29:521-529. [PMID: 34423511 DOI: 10.1111/ajr.12752] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2020] [Revised: 02/16/2021] [Accepted: 04/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Early intervention with appropriate first aid following burn injury improves clinical outcomes. Previous evidence suggests geographic remoteness may be a barrier to receiving appropriate burns first aid. This study investigated the prevalence of gold standard first aid in patients managed in Australian burn services and whether geographic remoteness was associated with receiving gold standard first aid. DESIGN Registry-based cohort study. SETTING Binational clinical quality registry. PARTICIPANTS Burn-injured patients admitted to a specialist Australian burn service. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Receiving gold standard first aid following a burn injury. RESULTS Approximately two-thirds of patients received gold standard first aid. Patients whose burns were sustained in very remote regions had a greater risk of receiving no first aid, compared to gold standard first aid, relative to patients who sustained their burn injuries in major cities. CONCLUSIONS Nearly two-thirds of patients received gold standard burns first aid following injury. However, patients who were injured in the most remote regions of Australia were at an increased risk of not receiving gold standard first aid treatment within 3 hours of injury. Further examination of factors contributing to poorer first aid standards in remote areas is required.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer Gong
- School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Vic., Australia
| | - Lincoln M Tracy
- School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Vic., Australia
| | - Dale W Edgar
- State Adult Burn Unit, Fiona Stanley Hospital, Murdoch, WA, Australia.,Burn Injury Research Node, The University of Notre Dame, Fremantle, WA, Australia.,Burn Injury Research Unit, University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - Fiona M Wood
- State Adult Burn Unit, Fiona Stanley Hospital, Murdoch, WA, Australia.,Burn Injury Research Unit, University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - Yvonne Singer
- Victorian Adult Burns Service, The Alfred Hospital, Commercial Road, Melbourne, Vic., Australia
| | - Belinda J Gabbe
- School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Vic., Australia.,Heath Data Research UK, Swansea University Medical School, Swansea University, Swansea, UK
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McLure M, Macneil F, Wood FM, Cuttle L, Eastwood K, Bray J, Tracy LM. A Rapid Review of Burns First Aid Guidelines: Is There Consistency Across International Guidelines? Cureus 2021; 13:e15779. [PMID: 34295589 PMCID: PMC8291991 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.15779] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
We conducted a rapid review of current international and Australian/New Zealand guidelines on first aid for burns to identify any critical variation and any recent major changes in the literature that would warrant a significant change to current recommendations. A search was conducted to identify Australian/New Zealand and international first aid guidelines for burn care using guideline databases, and we compared key recommendations from each guideline relating to burns first aid. A literature search of relevant databases (Medline, Embase, Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, PROSPERO international register of systematic reviews, and ClinicalTrials.gov databases) was conducted to identify existing and in-progress research published on the topic of first aid for burn injuries. Seven guidelines were identified from the Australia/New Zealand region, and 11 international guidelines were identified from the United States of America and Europe. All Australian and New Zealand guidelines recommended a cooling duration of 20 minutes and made some mention of when to refer a burn for medical evaluation, while international guidelines saw cooling duration variation, a number of guidelines failed to mention referral criteria. The review of published systematic reviews and clinical trials revealed a lack of new evidence in the last six years. Our rapid review identified key variation between first aid guidelines for burns that would benefit from the development of an international consensus on management. We identified no new significant evidence that would alter guideline recommendations and did not identify any upcoming reviews or clinical trials on this subject.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael McLure
- Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, AUS
| | - Finlay Macneil
- Department of Urology, Gosford District Hospital and Gosford Private Hospital, Gosford, AUS
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, AUS
| | - Fiona M Wood
- State Adult Burn Unit, Fiona Stanley Hospital, Murdoch, AUS
- Burn Injury Research Unit, University of Western Australia, Perth, AUS
| | - Leila Cuttle
- School of Biomedical Science, Queensland University of Technology, South Brisbane, AUS
- Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Queensland University of Technology, South Brisbane, AUS
- Children's Health Research Centre, Queensland University of Technology, South Brisbane, AUS
| | - Kathryn Eastwood
- Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, AUS
| | - Janet Bray
- Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, AUS
- Prehospital, Resuscitation and Emergency Care Research Unit, Curtin University, Bentley, AUS
| | - Lincoln M Tracy
- Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, AUS
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Goodwin NS. Burn first aid issues again-"Not seeing the forest for the trees". Burns 2021; 47:970-972. [PMID: 33531185 PMCID: PMC7813503 DOI: 10.1016/j.burns.2020.12.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2020] [Accepted: 12/31/2020] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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Cowley LE, Bennett CV, Brown I, Emond A, Kemp AM. Mixed-methods process evaluation of SafeTea: a multimedia campaign to prevent hot drink scalds in young children and promote burn first aid. Inj Prev 2020; 27:419-427. [PMID: 33093127 PMCID: PMC8461408 DOI: 10.1136/injuryprev-2020-043909] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2020] [Revised: 08/27/2020] [Accepted: 08/30/2020] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Objectives SafeTea is a multifaceted intervention delivered by community practitioners to prevent hot drink scalds to young children and improve parents’ knowledge of appropriate burn first aid. We adapted SafeTea for a national multimedia campaign, and present a mixed-methods process evaluation of the campaign. Methods We used social media, a website hosting downloadable materials and media publicity to disseminate key messages to parents/caregivers of young children and professionals working with these families across the UK. The SafeTea campaign was launched on National Burns Awareness Day (NBAD), October 2019, and ran for 3 months. Process evaluation measurements included social media metrics, Google Analytics, and quantitative and qualitative results from a survey of professionals who requested hard copies of the materials via the website. Results Findings were summarised under four themes: ‘reach’, ‘engagement’, ‘acceptability’ and ‘impact/behavioural change’. The launch on NBAD generated widespread publicity. The campaign reached a greater number of the target audience than anticipated, with over 400 000 views of the SafeTea educational videos. Parents and professionals engaged with SafeTea and expressed positive opinions of the campaign and materials. SafeTea encouraged parents to consider how to change their behaviours to minimise the risks associated with hot drinks. Reach and engagement steadily declined after the first month due to reduced publicity and social media promotion. Conclusion The SafeTea campaign was successful in terms of reach and engagement. The launch on NBAD was essential for generating media interest. Future campaigns could be shorter, with more funding for additional social media content and promotion.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - C Verity Bennett
- Division of Population Medicine, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK
| | | | - Alan Emond
- Centre for Academic Child Health, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Alison Mary Kemp
- Division of Population Medicine, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK
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Hepburn K, Bennett V, Kemp AM, Hollen LI, Nuttall D, Roberts Z, Farrell D, Mullen S. Burns and Scalds Assessment Template: standardising clinical assessment of childhood burns in the emergency department. Emerg Med J 2020; 37:351-354. [DOI: 10.1136/emermed-2019-208595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2019] [Revised: 02/16/2020] [Accepted: 03/14/2020] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
ObjectivesThe Burns and Scalds Assessment Template (BaSAT) is an evidence-based proforma coproduced by researchers and ED staff with the aim of (1) standardising the assessment of children attending ED with a burn, (2) improving documentation and (3) screening for child maltreatment. This study aimed to test whether the BaSAT improved documentation of clinical, contributory and causal factors of children’s burns.MethodsA retrospective before-and-after study compared the extent to which information was recorded for 37 data fields after the BaSAT was introduced in one paediatric ED. Pre-BaSAT, a convenience sample of 50 patient records of children who had a burn was obtained from the hospital electronic database of 2007. The post-BaSAT sample included 50 randomly selected case notes from 2016/2017 that were part of another research project. Fisher's exact test and Mann-Whitney U tests were conducted to test for statistical significance.ResultsPre-BaSAT, documentation of key data fields was poor. Post-BaSAT, this varied less between patients, and median completeness significantly (p<0.001) increased from 44% (IQR 4%–94%) to 96% (IQR 94%–100%). Information on ‘screening for maltreatment, referrals to social care and outcome’ was poorly recorded pre-BaSAT (median of 4% completed fields) and showed the greatest overall improvement (to 95%, p<0.001). Documentation of domestic violence at home and child’s ethnicity improved significantly (p<0.001) post-BaSAT; however, these were still not recorded in 36% and 56% of cases, respectively.ConclusionIntroduction of the BaSAT significantly improved and standardised the key clinical data routinely recorded for children attending ED with a burn.
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