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Habib I, Anjum F, Mohammad T, Sulaimani MN, Shafie A, Almehmadi M, Yadav DK, Sohal SS, Hassan MI. Differential gene expression and network analysis in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma. Mol Cell Biochem 2022; 477:1361-1370. [PMID: 35142951 DOI: 10.1007/s11010-022-04379-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2021] [Accepted: 01/27/2022] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) is a prevalent malignancy with a poor prognosis, whose biomarkers have not been studied in great detail. We have collected genomic data of HNSCC patients from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and analyzed them to get deeper insights into the gene expression pattern. Initially, 793 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were categorized, and their enrichment analysis was performed. Later, a protein-protein interaction network for the DEGs was constructed using the STRING plugin in Cytoscape to study their interactions. A set of 10 hub genes was selected based on Maximal Clique Centrality score, and later their survival analysis was studied. The elucidated set of 10 genes, i.e., PRAME, MAGEC2, MAGEA12, LHX1, MAGEA3, CSAG1, MAGEA6, LCE6A, LCE2D, LCE2C, referred to as potential candidates to be explored as HNSCC biomarkers. The Kaplan-Meier overall survival of the selected genes suggested that the alterations in the candidate genes were linked to the decreased survival of the HNSCC patients. Altogether, the results of this study signify that the genomic alterations and differential expression of the selected genes can be explored in therapeutic interpolations of HNSCC, exploiting early diagnosis and target-propelled therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Insan Habib
- Department of Computer Science, Jamia Millia Islamia, Jamia Nagar, New Delhi, 110025, India
| | - Farah Anjum
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Taif University, P.O. Box 11099, Taif, 21944, Saudi Arabia
| | - Taj Mohammad
- Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Basic Sciences, Jamia Millia Islamia, Jamia Nagar, New Delhi, 110025, India
| | - Md Nayab Sulaimani
- Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Basic Sciences, Jamia Millia Islamia, Jamia Nagar, New Delhi, 110025, India
| | - Alaa Shafie
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Taif University, P.O. Box 11099, Taif, 21944, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mazen Almehmadi
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Taif University, P.O. Box 11099, Taif, 21944, Saudi Arabia
| | - Dharmendra Kumar Yadav
- College of Pharmacy, Gachon University of Medicine and Science, Hambakmoeiro, Yeonsu-gu, Incheon City, 21924, South Korea.
| | - Sukhwinder Singh Sohal
- Respiratory Translational Research Group, Department of Laboratory Medicine, School of Health Sciences, College of Health and Medicine, University of Tasmania, Launceston, Australia
| | - Md Imtaiyaz Hassan
- Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Basic Sciences, Jamia Millia Islamia, Jamia Nagar, New Delhi, 110025, India.
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Sanderson MR, Fahlman RP, Wevrick R. The N-terminal domain of the Schaaf-Yang syndrome protein MAGEL2 likely has a role in RNA metabolism. J Biol Chem 2021; 297:100959. [PMID: 34265304 PMCID: PMC8350409 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2021.100959] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2021] [Revised: 06/22/2021] [Accepted: 07/11/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
MAGEL2 encodes the L2 member of the melanoma-associated antigen gene (MAGE) protein family, truncating mutations of which can cause Schaaf-Yang syndrome, an autism spectrum disorder. MAGEL2 is also inactivated in Prader-Willi syndrome, which overlaps clinically and mechanistically with Schaaf-Yang syndrome. Studies to date have only investigated the C-terminal portion of the MAGEL2 protein, containing the MAGE homology domain that interacts with RING-E3 ubiquitin ligases and deubiquitinases to form protein complexes that modify protein ubiquitination. In contrast, the N-terminal portion of the MAGEL2 protein has never been studied. Here, we find that MAGEL2 has a low-complexity intrinsically disordered N-terminus rich in Pro-Xn-Gly motifs that is predicted to mediate liquid-liquid phase separation to form biomolecular condensates. We used proximity-dependent biotin identification (BioID) and liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry to identify MAGEL2-proximal proteins, then clustered these proteins into functional networks. We determined that coding mutations analogous to disruptive mutations in other MAGE proteins alter these networks in biologically relevant ways. Proteins identified as proximal to the N-terminal portion of MAGEL2 are primarily involved in mRNA metabolic processes and include three mRNA N 6-methyladenosine (m6A)-binding YTHDF proteins and two RNA interference-mediating TNRC6 proteins. We found that YTHDF2 coimmunoprecipitates with MAGEL2, and coexpression of MAGEL2 reduces the nuclear accumulation of YTHDF2 after heat shock. We suggest that the N-terminal region of MAGEL2 may have a role in RNA metabolism and in particular the regulation of mRNAs modified by m6A methylation. These results provide mechanistic insight into pathogenic MAGEL2 mutations associated with Schaaf-Yang syndrome and related disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthea R Sanderson
- Department of Medical Genetics, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Richard P Fahlman
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada; Department of Oncology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Rachel Wevrick
- Department of Medical Genetics, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada.
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Guillén A, Stiborova K, Ressel L, Blackwood L, Finotello R, Amores-Fuster I, Jama N, Killick D. Immunohistochemical expression and prognostic significance of MAGE-A in canine oral malignant melanoma. Res Vet Sci 2021; 137:226-234. [PMID: 34023546 DOI: 10.1016/j.rvsc.2021.05.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2021] [Revised: 04/12/2021] [Accepted: 05/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Canine oral malignant melanoma (COMM) is considered a chemo-resistant cancer with a poor long-term prognosis. The melanoma-associated antigen A (MAGE-A) genes, which belong to the cancer-testis antigen family, are expressed in several different canine cancers but not in normal somatic tissue. This study evaluates the expression of MAGE-A proteins and their prognostic role in COMM. The study was conducted in 2 parts. During the first part, biopsies from oral malignant melanomas from 43 dogs were examined and immunohistochemically assessed for expression of MAGE-A proteins. For the second part, the association between MAGE-A expression and outcome was assessed using follow-up data which was available for 20 dogs whose primary tumour had been controlled with surgery +/- radiation therapy. MAGE-A proteins were expressed in 88.4% (38/43) of oral malignant melanomas and had a predominantly cytoplasmic expression pattern. Immunopositivity was observed in more than 50% of the cells in 21 dogs (48.8%). Immunostaining intensity was classified as weak, moderate and intense in 16 (37%), 16 (37%) and 6 (14%) cases, respectively. No staining for MAGE-A was seen in 5 dogs (11%). Dogs whose COMM had weak MAGE-A staining intensity had a median survival time (MST) of 320 days while this was 129 days for dogs with moderate and intense immunostaining (p = 0.161). Dogs whose COMM had >50% of positive staining neoplastic cells had an MST of 141 days and dogs with a staining <50% had an MST of 320 days (p = 0.164). MAGE-A expression did not influence survival in our cohort.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra Guillén
- Department of Small Animal Clinical Science, Institute of Infection, Veterinary and Ecological Science, University of Liverpool, Neston CH64 7TE, UK.
| | - Katerina Stiborova
- Department of Small Animal Clinical Science, Institute of Infection, Veterinary and Ecological Science, University of Liverpool, Neston CH64 7TE, UK
| | - Lorenzo Ressel
- Department of Veterinary Anatomy Physiology and Pathology, Institute of Infection, Veterinary and Ecological Science, University of Liverpool, Neston CH64 7TE, UK
| | - Laura Blackwood
- Department of Small Animal Clinical Science, Institute of Infection, Veterinary and Ecological Science, University of Liverpool, Neston CH64 7TE, UK
| | - Riccardo Finotello
- Department of Small Animal Clinical Science, Institute of Infection, Veterinary and Ecological Science, University of Liverpool, Neston CH64 7TE, UK
| | - Isabel Amores-Fuster
- Department of Small Animal Clinical Science, Institute of Infection, Veterinary and Ecological Science, University of Liverpool, Neston CH64 7TE, UK
| | - Nimo Jama
- Cellular and Molecular Physiology, Institute of Translational Medicine, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | - David Killick
- Department of Small Animal Clinical Science, Institute of Infection, Veterinary and Ecological Science, University of Liverpool, Neston CH64 7TE, UK
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Arora M, Kumari S, Singh J, Chopra A, Chauhan SS. Downregulation of Brain Enriched Type 2 MAGEs Is Associated With Immune Infiltration and Poor Prognosis in Glioma. Front Oncol 2020; 10:573378. [PMID: 33425727 PMCID: PMC7787151 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2020.573378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2020] [Accepted: 11/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Melanoma associated antigen (MAGE) is an extensively studied family of tumor-associated genes that share a common MAGE homology domain (MHD). Based upon their expression pattern, MAGE genes have been broadly classified into type 1 MAGEs (T1Ms) and type 2 MAGEs (T2Ms) categories. Interestingly, several T2Ms are highly expressed in the brain and involved in the regulation of neuronal development, differentiation, and survival. Available literature suggests possible tumor suppressor functions of a few T2Ms, while information available about their expression, regulation, and clinical significance in glioma is scanty. This prompted us to perform a comprehensive analysis of T2M expression in glioma. Gene expression data from glioma datasets: Oncomine, TCGA, and REMBRANDT study, were used to assess the mRNA expression of T2M genes (MAGED1, MAGED2, MAGED3, MAGED4, MAGED4B, MAGEE1, MAGEE2, MAGEF1, MAGEH1, MAGEL2, NSMCE3, and NDN), and their association with clinical characteristics and composition of the tumor microenvironment. Further, mutation, copy number alteration, and DNA methylation data from TCGA were assessed for determining potential mechanisms of T2Ms expression in glioma. Expression analysis revealed overexpression of MAGED subfamily genes in glioma, while other genes of this family exhibited reduced expression in advanced grades of this malignancy. Further, the expression of T2Ms exhibited varying extent of positive correlations with each other. Amongst downregulated T2Ms, MAGEH1 expression exhibited negative correlations with DNA methylation. Additionally, genes associated with MAGEH1 were enriched in Myc and Hedgehog signaling. Furthermore, T2Ms downregulation was associated with immune infiltration in glioma tissues and poor overall survival of glioma patients. In multivariate Cox regression analysis, MAGEH1 emerged as an independent prognosticator in lower grade glioma. Conclusively, these results suggest that expression of T2Ms is associated with important clinical and molecular features in glioma. Mechanistic studies may further provide novel insights into their role in glioma progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohit Arora
- Department of Biochemistry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Sarita Kumari
- Laboratory Oncology Unit, Dr. B. R. Ambedkar Institute Rotary Cancer Hospital (Dr. BRA-IRCH), All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Jay Singh
- Laboratory Oncology Unit, Dr. B. R. Ambedkar Institute Rotary Cancer Hospital (Dr. BRA-IRCH), All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Anita Chopra
- Laboratory Oncology Unit, Dr. B. R. Ambedkar Institute Rotary Cancer Hospital (Dr. BRA-IRCH), All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Shyam S Chauhan
- Department of Biochemistry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
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Jeong YJ, Park SH, Jeon CH. Detection of circulating tumor cells in patients with breast cancer using the conditionally reprogrammed cell culture method and reverse transcription-PCR of hTERT and MAGE A1-6. Oncol Lett 2020; 20:78. [PMID: 32863911 PMCID: PMC7436930 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2020.11939] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2020] [Accepted: 07/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The present study aimed to verify the efficacy of the conditionally reprogrammed cell (CRC) culture method for the detection of circulating tumor cells (CTCs) in breast cancer. CTCs were isolated from the peripheral blood of patients with breast cancer, and culture of the collected CTCs was performed according to the conditional reprogramming protocol. Total RNA was extracted from cultured CTCs, and the hTERT and MAGE A1-6 genes were amplified using reverse transcription-PCR (RT-PCR). In addition, RNA extraction from another blood sample was performed and the expression of the two genes was analyzed by RT-PCR only. Following CRC culture, grown CTCs were observed in 7 samples (23.3%). The CTC detection rates by RT-PCR for the hTERT and MAGE A1-6 genes in CTCs grown using the CRC culture method were 26.7 and 10.0%, respectively. The positive expression rates for the hTERT and MAGE genes in CTCs assessed by RT-PCR only were 44.1 and 23.5%, respectively. When combining the positive expression rates of RT-PCR only and CRC culture for the hTERT and MAGE A1-6 genes, CTC detection rates increased to 53.3 and 23.3%, respectively. Additionally, when combining the positive expression rates of the two genes by either method, the CTC detection rate was the highest value observed. In conclusion, the present study revealed the potential of CRC culture in the detection of CTCs in breast cancer. Furthermore, a combination of CRC culture and RT-PCR for the hTERT and MAGE A1-6 genes is useful in enhancing the detection rate of CTCs in the blood.
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Affiliation(s)
- Young Ju Jeong
- Department of Surgery, Catholic University of Daegu School of Medicine, Daegu 42472, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung Hwan Park
- Department of Surgery, Catholic University of Daegu School of Medicine, Daegu 42472, Republic of Korea
| | - Chang-Ho Jeon
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Catholic University of Daegu School of Medicine, Daegu 42472, Republic of Korea
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Colemon A, Harris TM, Ramanathan S. DNA hypomethylation drives changes in MAGE-A gene expression resulting in alteration of proliferative status of cells. Genes Environ 2020; 42:24. [PMID: 32760472 PMCID: PMC7392716 DOI: 10.1186/s41021-020-00162-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2020] [Accepted: 06/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Melanoma Antigen Genes (MAGEs) are a family of genes that have piqued the interest of scientists for their unique expression pattern. A subset of MAGEs (Type I) are expressed in spermatogonial cells and in no other somatic tissue, and then re-expressed in many cancers. Type I MAGEs are often referred to as cancer-testis antigens due to this expression pattern, while Type II MAGEs are more ubiquitous in expression. This study determines the cause and consequence of the aberrant expression of the MAGE-A subfamily of cancer-testis antigens. We have discovered that MAGE-A genes are regulated by DNA methylation, as revealed by treatment with 5-azacytidine, an inhibitor of DNA methyltransferases. Furthermore, bioinformatics analysis of existing methylome sequencing data also corroborates our findings. The consequence of expressing certain MAGE-A genes is an increase in cell proliferation and colony formation and resistance to chemo-therapeutic agent 5-fluorouracil and DNA damaging agent sodium arsenite. Taken together, these data indicate that DNA methylation plays a crucial role in regulating the expression of MAGE-A genes which then act as drivers of cell proliferation, anchorage-independent growth and chemo-resistance that is critical for cancer-cell survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashley Colemon
- Fisk-Vanderbilt Masters-to-PhD Bridge Program, Fisk University, Nashville, TN USA
| | - Taylor M Harris
- Department of Life and Physical Sciences, Fisk University, Nashville, TN USA
| | - Saumya Ramanathan
- Department of Life and Physical Sciences, Fisk University, Nashville, TN USA.,Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN USA
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Zhang F, Liu R, Zhang H, Liu C, Liu C, Lu Y. Suppressing Dazl modulates tumorigenicity and stemness in human glioblastoma cells. BMC Cancer 2020; 20:673. [PMID: 32682409 PMCID: PMC7368788 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-020-07155-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2020] [Accepted: 07/08/2020] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Glioblastoma is devastating cancer with a high frequency of occurrence and poor survival rate and it is urgent to discover novel glioblastoma-specific antigens for the therapy. Cancer-germline genes are known to be related to the formation and progression of several cancer types by promoting tumor transformation. Dazl is one such germline gene and is up-regulated in a few germ cell cancers. In this study, we analyzed the expression of Dazl in human glioblastoma tissues and cells, and investigated its significance in proliferation, migration, invasion and chemoresistance of the glioblastoma cell lines. Methods We evaluated the expression of Dazl in different pathologic grades of glioblastoma tissues by immunohistochemistry. We assessed the expression of Dazl in glioblastoma cells and normal human astrocytes (NHA) cells by western blotting and RT-qPCR. Then we generated Dazl knockout glioblastoma cell lines using the CRISPR/Cas9 gene-editing technology to explore the cellular function of Dazl. We detected the proliferation and germline traits via CCK-8 assays and alkaline phosphatase staining, respectively. Boyden chamber assays were performed to measure glioblastoma cell migration and invasion. Crystal violet staining was used to determine the number of viable cells after the treatment of Doxorubicin and Temozolomide. Finally, we used subcutaneous xenograft studies to measure the growth of tumors in vivo. Results We found that Dazl was upregulated in glioblastoma tissues and glioblastoma cell lines. Dazl knockdown glioblastoma cells showed decreased cellular proliferation, migration, invasion, and resistance in vitro, and inhibited the initiation of glioblastoma in vivo. The glioblastoma cell lines A172, U251, and LN229 were found to express stem cell markers CD133, Oct4, Nanog, and Sox2. The expression of these markers was downregulated in Dazl-deficient cells. Conclusions Our results indicated that Dazl contributes to the tumorigenicity of glioblastoma via reducing cell stemness. Therefore, cancer-germline genes might represent a new paradigm of glioblastoma-initiating cells in the treatment of malignant tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fengyu Zhang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Huashan Hospital, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, 12 Wulumuqi Road, Jing-an District, Shanghai, 200040, China.,Department of Laboratory Medicine, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 85 Wujin Road, Hongkou District, Shanghai, 200080, China
| | - Ruilai Liu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Huashan Hospital, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, 12 Wulumuqi Road, Jing-an District, Shanghai, 200040, China
| | - Haishi Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, 12 Wulumuqi Road, Jing-an District, Shanghai, 200040, China
| | - Cheng Liu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Huashan Hospital, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, 12 Wulumuqi Road, Jing-an District, Shanghai, 200040, China
| | - Chunfang Liu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Huashan Hospital, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, 12 Wulumuqi Road, Jing-an District, Shanghai, 200040, China.
| | - Yuan Lu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Huashan Hospital, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, 12 Wulumuqi Road, Jing-an District, Shanghai, 200040, China.
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Gordeeva O. Cancer-testis antigens: Unique cancer stem cell biomarkers and targets for cancer therapy. Semin Cancer Biol 2018; 53:75-89. [PMID: 30171980 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcancer.2018.08.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2018] [Revised: 08/15/2018] [Accepted: 08/17/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Cancer-testis antigens (CTAs) are considered as unique and promising cancer biomarkers and targets for cancer therapy. CTAs are multifunctional protein group with specific expression patterns in normal embryonic and adult cells and various types of cancer cells. CTAs are involved in regulating of the basic cellular processes during development, stem cell differentiation and carcinogenesis though the biological roles and cell functions of CTA families remain largely unclear. Analysis of CTA expression patterns in embryonic germ and somatic cells, pluripotent and multipotent stem cells, cancer stem cells and their cell descendants indicates that rearrangements of characteristic CTA profiles (aberrant expression) could be associated with cancer transformation and failure of the developmental program of cell lineage specification and germ line restriction. Therefore, aberrant CTA profiles can be used as panels of biomarkers for diagnoses and the selection of cancer treatment strategies. Moreover, immunogenic CTAs are prospective targets for cancer immunotherapy. Clinical trials testing broad range of cancer therapeutic vaccines against antigens of MAGEA and NY-ESO-1 families for treating various cancers have shown mixed clinical efficiency, safety and tolerability, suggesting the requirement of in-depth research of CTA expression in normal and cancer stem cells and extensive clinical trials for improving cancer immunotherapy technologies. This review focuses on recent advancement in study of CTAs in normal and cancer cells, particularly in normal and cancer stem cells, and provides a new insight into CTA expression patterns during normal and cancer stem cell lineage development. Additionally, new approaches in development of effective CTA-based therapies exclusively targeting cancer stem cells will be discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olga Gordeeva
- Laboratory of Cell and Molecular Mechanisms of Histogenesis, Kol'tsov Institute of Developmental Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, 26 Vavilov Street, Moscow, 119334, Russia.
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Vital D, Ikenberg K, Moch H, Roessle M, Huber GF. The expression of the cancer testis antigen MAGE A4: A favorable prognostic biomarker in salivary gland carcinomas related to low tumor grading. Laryngoscope Investig Otolaryngol 2018; 3:182-190. [PMID: 30062133 PMCID: PMC6057220 DOI: 10.1002/lio2.160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2018] [Revised: 02/20/2018] [Accepted: 03/19/2018] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Aim was to analyze the expression of different cancer testis antigens (CTA) and to assess its prognostic value in salivary gland carcinomas. Methods Patients with salivary gland carcinomas diagnosed 1994 to 2010 were included. Baseline characteristics, pathohistological, clinical, and outcome data were assessed. Tissue microarrays were constructed and immunohistochemistry for different CTA (NY-ESO1, NY-BR1, MAGE A1, MAGE A3, MAGE A4, MAGE C1/CT7, and MAGE C2/CT10) was performed. CTA expression was assessed and statistically correlated with pathological and outcome data. Results Expression rates of CTA in salivary gland tumors ranged from 0% to 40%. MAGE A4 expression was associated with a lower tumor grade tumor grading (P = .017), and a favorable recurrence-free (P = .003), disease-specific (P = .046) and overall survival (P = .028). Conclusions MAGE A4 is a highly significant prognostic marker in salivary gland carcinoma; its expression is associated with low-grade histology, a low rate of distant metastasis and a favorable survival. Level of Evidence 4.
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Affiliation(s)
- Domenic Vital
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery University Hospital of Zurich, University of Zurich Zurich Switzerland
| | - Kristian Ikenberg
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Pathology University Hospital of Zurich, University of Zurich Zurich Switzerland
| | - Holger Moch
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Pathology University Hospital of Zurich, University of Zurich Zurich Switzerland
| | - Matthias Roessle
- University Hospital of Zurich, University of Zurich Zurich Switzerland.,Institute of Pathology, Kantonsspital Graubuenden Chur Switzerland
| | - Gerhard F Huber
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery Kantonsspital St. Gallen St. Gallen Switzerland
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Pitcovski J, Shahar E, Aizenshtein E, Gorodetsky R. Melanoma antigens and related immunological markers. Crit Rev Oncol Hematol 2017; 115:36-49. [DOI: 10.1016/j.critrevonc.2017.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2017] [Revised: 05/01/2017] [Accepted: 05/02/2017] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
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Wessels D, Lusche DF, Voss E, Kuhl S, Buchele EC, Klemme MR, Russell KB, Ambrose J, Soll BA, Bossler A, Milhem M, Goldman C, Soll DR. Melanoma cells undergo aggressive coalescence in a 3D Matrigel model that is repressed by anti-CD44. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0173400. [PMID: 28264026 PMCID: PMC5338862 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0173400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2016] [Accepted: 02/20/2017] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Using unique computer-assisted 3D reconstruction software, it was previously demonstrated that tumorigenic cell lines derived from breast tumors, when seeded in a 3D Matrigel model, grew as clonal aggregates which, after approximately 100 hours, underwent coalescence mediated by specialized cells, eventually forming a highly structured large spheroid. Non-tumorigenic cells did not undergo coalescence. Because histological sections of melanomas forming in patients suggest that melanoma cells migrate and coalesce to form tumors, we tested whether they also underwent coalescence in a 3D Matrigel model. Melanoma cells exiting fragments of three independent melanomas or from secondary cultures derived from them, and cells from the melanoma line HTB-66, all underwent coalescence mediated by specialized cells in the 3D model. Normal melanocytes did not. However, coalescence of melanoma cells differed from that of breast-derived tumorigenic cell lines in that they 1) coalesced immediately, 2) underwent coalescence as individual cells as well as aggregates, 3) underwent coalescence far faster and 4) ultimately formed long, flat, fenestrated aggregates that were extremely dynamic. A screen of 51 purified monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) targeting cell surface-associated molecules revealed that two mAbs, anti-beta 1 integrin/(CD29) and anti-CD44, blocked melanoma cell coalescence. They also blocked coalescence of tumorigenic cells derived from a breast tumor. These results add weight to the commonality of coalescence as a characteristic of tumorigenic cells, as well as the usefulness of the 3D Matrigel model and software for both investigating the mechanisms regulating tumorigenesis and screening for potential anti-tumorigenesis mAbs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deborah Wessels
- Developmental Studies Hybridoma Bank, Department of Biology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA United States of America
| | - Daniel F. Lusche
- Developmental Studies Hybridoma Bank, Department of Biology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA United States of America
| | - Edward Voss
- Developmental Studies Hybridoma Bank, Department of Biology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA United States of America
| | - Spencer Kuhl
- Developmental Studies Hybridoma Bank, Department of Biology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA United States of America
| | - Emma C. Buchele
- Developmental Studies Hybridoma Bank, Department of Biology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA United States of America
| | - Michael R. Klemme
- Developmental Studies Hybridoma Bank, Department of Biology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA United States of America
| | - Kanoe B. Russell
- Developmental Studies Hybridoma Bank, Department of Biology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA United States of America
| | - Joseph Ambrose
- Developmental Studies Hybridoma Bank, Department of Biology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA United States of America
| | - Benjamin A. Soll
- Developmental Studies Hybridoma Bank, Department of Biology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA United States of America
| | - Aaron Bossler
- Department of Molecular Pathology, University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics, Iowa City, IA United States of America
| | - Mohammed Milhem
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics, Iowa City, IA United States of America
| | - Charles Goldman
- Mercy Hospital System of Des Moines, Des Moines, IA United States of America
| | - David R. Soll
- Developmental Studies Hybridoma Bank, Department of Biology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA United States of America
- * E-mail:
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Pilot Study on MAGE-C2 as a Potential Biomarker for Triple-Negative Breast Cancer. DISEASE MARKERS 2016; 2016:2325987. [PMID: 27843173 PMCID: PMC5098074 DOI: 10.1155/2016/2325987] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2016] [Revised: 06/16/2016] [Accepted: 09/18/2016] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Objective. In the current study, we measured the expression status of melanoma antigen gene c2 (MAGE-C2) in triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) and analyzed its prognostic with the clinical pathological features of patients with TNBC. Methods. The expressions statuses of MAGE-C2 were detected in TNBC tissues and paracarcinoma tissues by immunohistochemistry, reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), and western blotting. Then, we investigated the relationship of MAGE-C2 expression status and clinicopathological parameters of TNBC patients by the chi-squared test. Finally, we discussed the relations of MAGE-C2 expression state and prognosis of patients with TNBC by Kaplan-Meier method and Cox proportional hazards model. Results. High MAGE-C2 expression was found in 38.18% (42/110) of TNBC tissues. In adjacent tissues it was 9.09% (10/110). High MAGE-C2 expression in TNBC patients was closely associated with lymph node status, tumor node metastasis (TNM) stage, and lymphovascular invasion (P < 0.001). TNBC patients with high MAGE-C2 expression had significantly shorter survival time than low expression patients. We also found that age, lymph node status, TNM stage, lymphovascular invasion, and MAGE-C2 expression status were closely associated with overall survival of TNBC patients (P < 0.05). Conclusion. High MAGE-C2 expression may serve as an independent prognostic factor for TNBC patients.
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Pirlot C, Thiry M, Trussart C, Di Valentin E, Piette J, Habraken Y. Melanoma antigen-D2: A nucleolar protein undergoing delocalization during cell cycle and after cellular stress. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-MOLECULAR CELL RESEARCH 2016; 1863:581-95. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamcr.2015.12.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2015] [Revised: 12/11/2015] [Accepted: 12/15/2015] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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Fujimoto I, Hasegawa K, Fujiwara K, Yamada M, Yoshikawa K. Necdin controls EGFR signaling linked to astrocyte differentiation in primary cortical progenitor cells. Cell Signal 2015; 28:94-107. [PMID: 26655377 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2015.11.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2015] [Revised: 11/23/2015] [Accepted: 11/30/2015] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Cellular signaling mediated by the EGF receptor (EGFR) plays a key role in controlling proliferation and differentiation of cortical progenitor cells (CPCs). However, regulatory mechanisms of EGFR signaling in CPCs remain largely unknown. Here we demonstrate that necdin, a MAGE (melanoma antigen) family protein, interacts with EGFR in primary CPCs and represses its downstream signaling linked to astrocyte differentiation. EGFR was autophosphorylated and interacted with necdin in EGF-stimulated CPCs. Necdin bound to autophosphorylated EGFR via its tyrosine kinase domain. EGF-induced phosphorylation of ERK was enhanced in necdin-null CPCs, where the interaction between EGFR and the adaptor protein Grb2 was strengthened, suggesting that endogenous necdin suppresses the EGFR/ERK signaling pathway in CPCs. In necdin-null CPCs, astrocyte differentiation induced by the gliogenic cytokine cardiotrophin-1 was significantly accelerated in the presence of EGF, and inhibition of EGFR/ERK signaling abolished the acceleration. Furthermore, necdin strongly suppressed astrocyte differentiation induced by overexpression of EGFR or its ligand binding-defective mutant equivalent to a glioblastoma-associated EGFR variant. These results suggest that necdin acts as an intrinsic suppressor of the EGFR/ERK signaling pathway in EGF-responsive CPCs to restrain astroglial development in a cell-autonomous manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Izumi Fujimoto
- Laboratory of Regulation of Neuronal Development, Institute for Protein Research, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Koichi Hasegawa
- Laboratory of Regulation of Neuronal Development, Institute for Protein Research, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Kazushiro Fujiwara
- Laboratory of Regulation of Neuronal Development, Institute for Protein Research, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Masashi Yamada
- Laboratory of Extracellular Matrix Biochemistry, Institute for Protein Research, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Kazuaki Yoshikawa
- Laboratory of Regulation of Neuronal Development, Institute for Protein Research, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan.
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