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Su Z, Cong B, Dong P. A novel FNDC3B::MECOM fusion gene accompanied with Der(5; 17)(p10; q10) in acute myelocytic leukemia. Ann Hematol 2024:10.1007/s00277-024-05930-6. [PMID: 39141018 DOI: 10.1007/s00277-024-05930-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2024] [Accepted: 08/06/2024] [Indexed: 08/15/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- Zhan Su
- Department of Haematology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, No.16 Jiangsu Road, Qingdao, 266000, China
| | - Beibei Cong
- Central Laboratory, Qingdao Stomatological Hospital Affiliated to Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266001, China
| | - Pu Dong
- Department of Radiology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266000, China.
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Chomczyk M, Gazzola L, Dash S, Firmanty P, George BS, Mohanty V, Abbas HA, Baran N. Impact of p53-associated acute myeloid leukemia hallmarks on metabolism and the immune environment. Front Pharmacol 2024; 15:1409210. [PMID: 39161899 PMCID: PMC11330794 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2024.1409210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2024] [Accepted: 07/08/2024] [Indexed: 08/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Acute myeloid leukemia (AML), an aggressive malignancy of hematopoietic stem cells, is characterized by the blockade of cell differentiation, uncontrolled proliferation, and cell expansion that impairs healthy hematopoiesis and results in pancytopenia and susceptibility to infections. Several genetic and chromosomal aberrations play a role in AML and influence patient outcomes. TP53 is a key tumor suppressor gene involved in a variety of cell features, such as cell-cycle regulation, genome stability, proliferation, differentiation, stem-cell homeostasis, apoptosis, metabolism, senescence, and the repair of DNA damage in response to cellular stress. In AML, TP53 alterations occur in 5%-12% of de novo AML cases. These mutations form an important molecular subgroup, and patients with these mutations have the worst prognosis and shortest overall survival among patients with AML, even when treated with aggressive chemotherapy and allogeneic stem cell transplant. The frequency of TP53-mutations increases in relapsed and recurrent AML and is associated with chemoresistance. Progress in AML genetics and biology has brought the novel therapies, however, the clinical benefit of these agents for patients whose disease is driven by TP53 mutations remains largely unexplored. This review focuses on the molecular characteristics of TP53-mutated disease; the impact of TP53 on selected hallmarks of leukemia, particularly metabolic rewiring and immune evasion, the clinical importance of TP53 mutations; and the current progress in the development of preclinical and clinical therapeutic strategies to treat TP53-mutated disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monika Chomczyk
- Department of Experimental Hematology, Institute of Hematology and Transfusion Medicine, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Luca Gazzola
- Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Shubhankar Dash
- Department of Experimental Hematology, Institute of Hematology and Transfusion Medicine, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Patryk Firmanty
- Department of Experimental Hematology, Institute of Hematology and Transfusion Medicine, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Binsah S. George
- Department of Hematology-oncology, The University of Texas Health Sciences, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Vakul Mohanty
- Department of Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Hussein A. Abbas
- Department of Leukemia, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Natalia Baran
- Department of Experimental Hematology, Institute of Hematology and Transfusion Medicine, Warsaw, Poland
- Department of Leukemia, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States
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Zahra K, Cherif W, Ahmed G, Regaieg H, Nesrine BS, Zaier M, Mootamri W, Youssef YB, Brahem N, Sennana H, Khelif A. A novel t (5; 17) (q35; q21) associated with t (8; 21) (q22; q22) in a patient with acute myeloid leukemia: case report and review of literature. Genes Cancer 2023; 14:50-55. [PMID: 37427149 PMCID: PMC10328316 DOI: 10.18632/genesandcancer.232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2023] [Accepted: 06/14/2023] [Indexed: 07/11/2023] Open
Abstract
The t (8; 21) (q22; q22) with the resulting RUNX1- RUNX1T1 rearrangement is one of the most common cytogenetic abnormalities in acute myeloid leukemia (AML). It is associated with favorable prognosis. The t (5; 17) (q35; q21) is an uncommon translocation, fuses the gene for the nucleophosmin (NPM) to the retinoic acid receptor α(RARA) and was described essentially in acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL) variant. We present the case of a 19-year-old male patient who developed an AML with t (8; 21) (q22; q22) associated to t (5; 17) (q35; 21). Morphology and immunophenotype of the leukemic cells were compatible with AML. The patient received chemotherapy based on cytarabine and anthracycline without all-trans retinoic acid (ATRA) followed by allogenic stem cell transplantation in first remission. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of an association between a rare translocation t (5; 17) and t (8; 21) in AML. In this report, we will discuss the prognosis of this association as well as the treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kmira Zahra
- Department of Clinical Hematology, Farhat Hached University Hospital-Sousse-Tunisia, Sousse 4081, Tunisia
| | - Wided Cherif
- Department of Clinical Hematology, Farhat Hached University Hospital-Sousse-Tunisia, Sousse 4081, Tunisia
| | - Gereisha Ahmed
- Department of Cytology, Farhat Hached University Hospital-Sousse-Tunisia, Sousse 4081, Tunisia
| | - Haifa Regaieg
- Department of Clinical Hematology, Farhat Hached University Hospital-Sousse-Tunisia, Sousse 4081, Tunisia
| | - Ben Sayed Nesrine
- Department of Clinical Hematology, Farhat Hached University Hospital-Sousse-Tunisia, Sousse 4081, Tunisia
| | - Monia Zaier
- Department of Clinical Hematology, Farhat Hached University Hospital-Sousse-Tunisia, Sousse 4081, Tunisia
| | - Wided Mootamri
- Department of Cytology, Farhat Hached University Hospital-Sousse-Tunisia, Sousse 4081, Tunisia
| | - Yosra Ben Youssef
- Department of Clinical Hematology, Farhat Hached University Hospital-Sousse-Tunisia, Sousse 4081, Tunisia
| | - Nejia Brahem
- Department of Cytology, Farhat Hached University Hospital-Sousse-Tunisia, Sousse 4081, Tunisia
| | - Halima Sennana
- Department of Cytogenetics, Farhat Hached University Hospital-Sousse-Tunisia, Sousse 4081, Tunisia
| | - Abderrahim Khelif
- Department of Clinical Hematology, Farhat Hached University Hospital-Sousse-Tunisia, Sousse 4081, Tunisia
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Meléndez-Flórez MP, Valbuena DS, Cepeda S, Rangel N, Forero-Castro M, Martínez-Agüero M, Rondón-Lagos M. Profile of Chromosomal Alterations, Chromosomal Instability and Clonal Heterogeneity in Colombian Farmers Exposed to Pesticides. Front Genet 2022; 13:820209. [PMID: 35281828 PMCID: PMC8908452 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2022.820209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2021] [Accepted: 01/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Pesticides are a group of environmental pollutants widely used in agriculture to protect crops, and their indiscriminate use has led to a growing public awareness about the health hazards associated with exposure to these substances. In fact, exposure to pesticides has been associated with an increased risk of developing diseases, including cancer. In a study previously published by us, we observed the induction of specific chromosomal alterations and, in general, the deleterious effect of pesticides on the chromosomes of five individuals exposed to pesticides. Considering the importance of our previous findings and their implications in the identification of cytogenetic biomarkers for the monitoring of exposed populations, we decided to conduct a new study with a greater number of individuals exposed to pesticides. Considering the above, the aim of this study was to evaluate the type and frequency of chromosomal alterations, chromosomal variants, the level of chromosomal instability and the clonal heterogeneity in a group of thirty-four farmers occupationally exposed to pesticides in the town of Simijacá, Colombia, and in a control group of thirty-four unexposed individuals, by using Banding Cytogenetics and Molecular Cytogenetics (Fluorescence in situ hybridization). Our results showed that farmers exposed to pesticides had significantly increased frequencies of chromosomal alterations, chromosomal variants, chromosomal instability and clonal heterogeneity when compared with controls. Our results confirm the results previously reported by us, and indicate that occupational exposure to pesticides induces not only chromosomal instability but also clonal heterogeneity in the somatic cells of people exposed to pesticides. This study constitutes, to our knowledge, the first study that reports clonal heterogeneity associated with occupational exposure to pesticides. Chromosomal instability and clonal heterogeneity, in addition to reflecting the instability of the system, could predispose cells to acquire additional instability and, therefore, to an increased risk of developing diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Duvan Sebastián Valbuena
- School of Biological Sciences, Universidad Pedagógica y Tecnológica de Colombia, Tunja, Colombia
| | - Sebastián Cepeda
- School of Biological Sciences, Universidad Pedagógica y Tecnológica de Colombia, Tunja, Colombia
| | - Nelson Rangel
- Departamento de Nutrición y Bioquímica, Facultad de Ciencias, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Maribel Forero-Castro
- School of Biological Sciences, Universidad Pedagógica y Tecnológica de Colombia, Tunja, Colombia
| | - María Martínez-Agüero
- Centro de Investigaciones en Microbiología y Biotecnología-UR (CIMBIUR), Facultad de Ciencias Naturales, Universidad del Rosario, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Milena Rondón-Lagos
- School of Biological Sciences, Universidad Pedagógica y Tecnológica de Colombia, Tunja, Colombia
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Warnstorf D, Bawadi R, Schienke A, Strasser R, Schmidt G, Illig T, Tauscher M, Thol F, Heuser M, Steinemann D, Davenport C, Schlegelberger B, Behrens YL, Göhring G. Unbalanced translocation der(5;17) resulting in a TP53 loss as recurrent aberration in myelodysplastic syndrome and acute myeloid leukemia with complex karyotype. Genes Chromosomes Cancer 2021; 60:452-457. [PMID: 33486841 DOI: 10.1002/gcc.22938] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2020] [Revised: 01/08/2021] [Accepted: 01/11/2021] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
A complex karyotype, detected in myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) and acute myeloid leukaemia (AML), is associated with a reduced median survival. The most frequent chromosomal aberrations in complex karyotypes are deletions of 5q and 17p harboring the tumor suppressor gene TP53. The unbalanced translocation der(5;17) involving chromosome 5q and 17p is a recurrent aberration in MDS/AML, resulting in TP53 loss. We analyzed the karyotypes of 178 patients with an unbalanced translocation der(5;17) using fluorescence R-/G-banding analysis. Whenever possible, fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) (n = 138/141), multicolor FISH (n = 8), telomere length measurement (n = 9), targeted DNA sequencing (n = 13), array-CGH (n = 7) and targeted RNA sequencing (n = 2) were conducted. The der(5;17) aberration was accompanied with loss of genetic material in 7q (53%), -7 (27%), gain of 21q (29%), +8 (17%) and - 18 (16%) and all analyzed patients (n = 13) showed a (likely) pathogenic variant inTP53. The der(5;17) cohort showed significantly shortened telomeres in comparison to the healthy age-matched controls (P < .05), but there was no significant telomere shortening in comparison to MDS/AML patients with a complex karyotype without der(5;17). No fusion genes resulted from the unbalanced translocation. This study demonstrates that the unbalanced translocation der(5;17) is associated with a biallelic inactivation of TP53 due to a deletion of TP53 in one allele and a pathogenic variant of the second TP53 allele. Since the breakpoints are located within (near-) heterochromatic regions, alterations of DNA methylation or histone modifications may be involved in the generation of der(5;17).
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Affiliation(s)
- Daria Warnstorf
- Department of Human Genetics, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Randa Bawadi
- Department of Human Genetics, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Andrea Schienke
- Department of Human Genetics, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Renate Strasser
- Department of Human Genetics, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Gunnar Schmidt
- Department of Human Genetics, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Thomas Illig
- Department of Human Genetics, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Marcel Tauscher
- Department of Human Genetics, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Felicitas Thol
- Department of Haematology, Haemostasis, Oncology and Stem Cell Transplantation, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Michael Heuser
- Department of Haematology, Haemostasis, Oncology and Stem Cell Transplantation, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Doris Steinemann
- Department of Human Genetics, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Claudia Davenport
- Department of Human Genetics, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | | | | | - Gudrun Göhring
- Department of Human Genetics, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
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Prognostic Markers of Myelodysplastic Syndromes. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2020; 56:medicina56080376. [PMID: 32727068 PMCID: PMC7466347 DOI: 10.3390/medicina56080376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2020] [Revised: 07/23/2020] [Accepted: 07/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) is a clonal disease characterized by multilineage dysplasia, peripheral blood cytopenias, and a high risk of transformation to acute myeloid leukemia. In theory, from clonal hematopoiesis of indeterminate potential to hematologic malignancies, there is a complex interplay between genetic and epigenetic factors, including miRNA. In practice, karyotype analysis assigns patients to different prognostic groups, and mutations are often associated with a particular disease phenotype. Among myeloproliferative disorders, secondary MDS is a group of special entities with a typical spectrum of genetic mutations and cytogenetic rearrangements resembling those in de novo MDS. This overview analyzes the present prognostic systems of MDS and the most recent efforts in the search for genetic and epigenetic markers for the diagnosis and prognosis of MDS.
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Song Q, Peng M, Chu Y, Huang S. Techniques for detecting chromosomal aberrations in myelodysplastic syndromes. Oncotarget 2017; 8:62716-62729. [PMID: 28977983 PMCID: PMC5617543 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.17698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2017] [Accepted: 04/19/2017] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) are a group of heterogeneous hematologic diseases. Chromosomal aberrations are important for the initiation, development, and progression of MDS. Detection of chromosomal abnormalities in MDS is important for categorization, risk stratification, therapeutic selection, and prognosis evaluation of the disease. Recent progress of multiple techniques has brought powerful molecular cytogenetic information to reveal copy number variation, uniparental disomy, and complex chromosomal aberrations in MDS. In this review, we will introduce some common chromosomal aberrations in MDS and their clinical significance. Then we will explain the application, advantages, and limitations of different techniques for detecting chromosomal abnormalities in MDS. The information in this review may be helpful for clinicians to select appropriate methods in patient-related decision making.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qibin Song
- Cancer Center, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Min Peng
- Cancer Center, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Yuxin Chu
- Cancer Center, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Shiang Huang
- Molecular department, Kindstar Global, Wuhan, China
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Gu J, Reynolds A, Fang L, DeGraffenreid C, Sterns K, Patel KP, Medeiros LJ, Lin P, Lu X. Coexistence of iAMP21 and ETV6-RUNX1 fusion in an adolescent with B cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia: literature review of six additional cases. Mol Cytogenet 2016; 9:84. [PMID: 27895713 PMCID: PMC5117506 DOI: 10.1186/s13039-016-0294-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2016] [Accepted: 11/11/2016] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Intrachromosomal amplification of chromosome 21 (iAMP21) results from breakage-fusion-bridge cycles and chromothripsis is a distinct marker of a subgroup of B cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (B-ALL) cases associated with a poor prognosis. iAMP21 accounts for 2% of pediatric B-ALL and occurs predominantly in older children or adolescents. ETV6-RUNX1 fusion, resulting from t(12;21)(p13;q22), is associated with an excellent outcome in younger children with B-ALL. Coexistence of iAMP21 with ETV6-RUNX1 fusion is extremely rare with limited clinical information available. Results We report the case of an 18-year old Caucasian man diagnosed with ETV6-RUNX1 fusion positive B-ALL. He was treated with intensive chemotherapy and achieved remission for 6 months before relapse, 15 months after the initial diagnosis. G-band karyotyping and Fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) analyses performed on bone marrow revealed complex abnormalities: 41,X,-Y,der(3)t(3;20)(p11.2;q11.2),-4,t(5;22)(q32;q11.2),del(9)(p13),dic(9;17)(p13;p11.2),t(12;21)(p13;q22),der(14)t(14;17)(p11.2;q11.2),der(17;22)(q11.2;q11.2),-20,add(21)(q22),-22[4]/46,XY[15] with an iAMP21 and an ETV6-RUNX1. Additional molecular studies confirmed ETV6-RUNX1 fusion and with a TP53 mutation. High-resolution single nucleotide polymorphism microarray (SNP array) revealed the iAMP21 to be chromothripsis of 21q and subsequent metaphase FISH further delineated complex genomic aberrations. Although the patient received intensive chemotherapy with allogenic stem cell transplant, he died 26 months after initial diagnosis. We searched the literature and identified six cases showing coexisting iAMP21 and ETV6-RUNX1. The median age for these six patients was 10 years (range, 2–18) and males predominated. The median overall survival (OS) was 28 months. Conclusions Patients with B-ALL associated with both iAMP21 and ETV6-RUNX1 tend to be older children or adolescents and have a poor prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Gu
- School of Health Professions, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Blvd. Unit 0002, Houston, TX 77030 USA
| | - Alexandra Reynolds
- Department of Hematopathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Blvd. Unit 0350, Houston, TX 77030 USA
| | - Lianghua Fang
- Department of Hematopathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Blvd. Unit 0149, Houston, TX 77030 USA ; Department of Oncology, Jiangsu Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu China
| | - Corrie DeGraffenreid
- School of Health Professions, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Blvd. Unit 0002, Houston, TX 77030 USA
| | - Kenneth Sterns
- School of Health Professions, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Blvd. Unit 0002, Houston, TX 77030 USA
| | - Keyur P Patel
- Department of Hematopathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Blvd. Unit 0149, Houston, TX 77030 USA
| | - L Jeffrey Medeiros
- Department of Hematopathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Blvd. Unit 0072, Houston, TX 77030 USA
| | - Pei Lin
- Department of Hematopathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Blvd. Unit 0072, Houston, TX 77030 USA
| | - Xinyan Lu
- Department of Hematopathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Blvd. Unit 0350, Houston, TX 77030 USA ; Department of Pathology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, 303 East Chicago Avenue, Tarry 7-723, Chicago, IL 60611 USA
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