1
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Zhang S, Nie S, Ma G, Shen M, Kong L, Zuo Z, Li Y. Identification of novel GSPT1 degraders by virtual screening and bioassay. Eur J Med Chem 2024; 273:116524. [PMID: 38795517 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2024.116524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2024] [Revised: 05/11/2024] [Accepted: 05/20/2024] [Indexed: 05/28/2024]
Abstract
GSPT1 plays crucial physiological functions, such as terminating protein translation, overexpressed in various tumors. It is a promising anti-tumor target, but is also considered as an "undruggable" protein. Recent studies have found that a class of small molecules can degrade GSPT1 through the "molecular glue" mechanism with strong antitumor activity, which is expected to become a new therapy for hematological malignancies. Currently available GSPT1 degraders are mostly derived from the scaffold of immunomodulatory imide drug (IMiD), thus more active compounds with novel structure remain to be found. In this work, using computer-assisted multi-round virtual screening and bioassay, we identified a non-IMiD acylhydrazone compound, AN5782, which can reduce the protein level of GPST1 and obviously inhibit the proliferation of tumor cells. Some analogs were obtained by a substructure search of AN5782. The structure-activity relationship analysis revealed possible interactions between these compounds and CRBN-GSPT1. Further biological mechanistic studies showed that AN5777 decreased GSPT1 remarkably through the ubiquitin-proteasome system, and its effective cytotoxicity was CRBN- and GSPT1-dependent. Furthermore, AN5777 displayed good antiproliferative activities against U937 and OCI-AML-2 cells, and dose-dependently induced G1 phase arrest and apoptosis. The structure found in this work could be good start for antitumor drug development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuqun Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Natural Medicines, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650201, China
| | - Shiyun Nie
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry for Natural Resource, Yunnan Key Laboratory of Research and Development for Natural Products, School of Pharmacy, Ministry of Education, Yunnan University, Kunming, 650500, China
| | - Guangchao Ma
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry for Natural Resource, Yunnan Key Laboratory of Research and Development for Natural Products, School of Pharmacy, Ministry of Education, Yunnan University, Kunming, 650500, China
| | - Meiling Shen
- Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Natural Medicines, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650201, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Lingmei Kong
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry for Natural Resource, Yunnan Key Laboratory of Research and Development for Natural Products, School of Pharmacy, Ministry of Education, Yunnan University, Kunming, 650500, China
| | - Zhili Zuo
- Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Natural Medicines, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650201, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China.
| | - Yan Li
- Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Natural Medicines, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650201, China; Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry for Natural Resource, Yunnan Key Laboratory of Research and Development for Natural Products, School of Pharmacy, Ministry of Education, Yunnan University, Kunming, 650500, China.
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2
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Chang X, Qu F, Li C, Zhang J, Zhang Y, Xie Y, Fan Z, Bian J, Wang J, Li Z, Xu X. Development and therapeutic potential of GSPT1 molecular glue degraders: A medicinal chemistry perspective. Med Res Rev 2024; 44:1727-1767. [PMID: 38314926 DOI: 10.1002/med.22024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2023] [Revised: 12/18/2023] [Accepted: 01/21/2024] [Indexed: 02/07/2024]
Abstract
Unprecedented therapeutic targeting of previously undruggable proteins has now been achieved by molecular-glue-mediated proximity-induced degradation. As a small GTPase, G1 to S phase transition 1 (GSPT1) interacts with eRF1, the translation termination factor, to facilitate the process of translation termination. Studied demonstrated that GSPT1 plays a vital role in the acute myeloid leukemia (AML) and MYC-driven lung cancer. Thus, molecular glue (MG) degraders targeting GSPT1 is a novel and promising approach for treating AML and MYC-driven cancers. In this Perspective, we briefly summarize the structural and functional aspects of GSPT1, highlighting the latest advances and challenges in MG degraders, as well as some representative patents. The structure-activity relationships, mechanism of action and pharmacokinetic features of MG degraders are emphasized to provide a comprehensive compendium on the rational design of GSPT1 MG degraders. We hope to provide an updated overview, and design guide for strategies targeting GSPT1 for the treatment of cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiujin Chang
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Fangui Qu
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Chunxiao Li
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jingtian Zhang
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yanqing Zhang
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yuanyuan Xie
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Zhongpeng Fan
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jinlei Bian
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jubo Wang
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Zhiyu Li
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xi Xu
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
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3
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Liang X, Ren H, Han F, Liang R, Zhao J, Liu H. The new direction of drug development: Degradation of undruggable targets through targeting chimera technology. Med Res Rev 2024; 44:632-685. [PMID: 37983964 DOI: 10.1002/med.21992] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2022] [Revised: 06/13/2023] [Accepted: 10/29/2023] [Indexed: 11/22/2023]
Abstract
Imbalances in protein and noncoding RNA levels in vivo lead to the occurrence of many diseases. In addition to the use of small molecule inhibitors and agonists to restore these imbalances, recently emerged targeted degradation technologies provide a new direction for disease treatment. Targeted degradation technology directly degrades target proteins or RNA by utilizing the inherent degradation pathways, thereby eliminating the functions of pathogenic proteins (or RNA) to treat diseases. Compared with traditional therapies, targeted degradation technology which avoids the principle of traditional inhibitor occupation drive, has higher efficiency and selectivity, and widely expands the range of drug targets. It is one of the most promising and hottest areas for future drug development. Herein, we systematically introduced the in vivo degradation systems applied to degrader design: ubiquitin-proteasome system, lysosomal degradation system, and RNA degradation system. We summarized the development progress, structural characteristics, and limitations of novel chimeric design technologies based on different degradation systems. In addition, due to the lack of clear ligand-binding pockets, about 80% of disease-associated proteins cannot be effectively intervened with through traditional therapies. We deeply elucidated how to use targeted degradation technology to discover and design molecules for representative undruggable targets including transcription factors, small GTPases, and phosphatases. Overall, this review provides a comprehensive and systematic overview of targeted degradation technology-related research advances and a new guidance for the chimeric design of undruggable targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuewu Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Hairu Ren
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
- School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, China
| | - Fengyang Han
- School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Renwen Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Jiayan Zhao
- School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, China
| | - Hong Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
- School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, China
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4
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Huang C, Zhao Q, Zhou X, Huang R, Duan Y, Haybaeck J, Yang Z. The progress of protein synthesis factors eIFs, eEFs and eRFs in inflammatory bowel disease and colorectal cancer pathogenesis. Front Oncol 2022; 12:898966. [DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.898966] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2022] [Accepted: 10/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Colorectal diseases are threatening human health, especially inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and colorectal cancer (CRC). IBD is a group of chronic, recurrent and incurable disease, which may affect the entire gastrointestinal tract, increasing the risk of CRC. Eukaryotic gene expression is a complicated process, which is mainly regulated at the level of gene transcription and mRNA translation. Protein translation in tissue is associated with a sequence of steps, including initiation, elongation, termination and recycling. Abnormal regulation of gene expression is the key to the pathogenesis of CRC. In the early stages of cancer, it is vital to identify new diagnostic and therapeutic targets and biomarkers. This review presented current knowledge on aberrant expression of eIFs, eEFs and eRFs in colorectal diseases. The current findings of protein synthesis on colorectal pathogenesis showed that eIFs, eEFs and eRFs may be potential targets for CRC treatment.
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5
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Huber A, Li Y, Lin W, Galbraith AN, Mishra A, Porter SN, Wu J, Florke Gee RR, Zhuang W, Pruett-Miller SM, Peng J, Chen T. SJPYT-195: A Designed Nuclear Receptor Degrader That Functions as a Molecular Glue Degrader of GSPT1. ACS Med Chem Lett 2022; 13:1311-1320. [PMID: 35978691 PMCID: PMC9377019 DOI: 10.1021/acsmedchemlett.2c00223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2022] [Accepted: 07/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
We previously reported a specific inverse agonist (SPA70) of the nuclear receptor pregnane X receptor (PXR). However, derivatization of SPA70 yielded only agonists and neutral antagonists, suggesting that inverse agonism of PXR is difficult to achieve. Therefore, we sought to design proteolysis targeting chimeras (PROTACs) aimed at inducing PXR degradation. Conjugation of a SPA70 derivative to ligands of the E3 substrate receptor cereblon (CRBN) resulted in one molecule, SJPYT-195, that reduced PXR protein level in an optimized degradation assay described here. Further analysis revealed that SJPYT-195 was a molecular glue degrader of the translation termination factor GSPT1 and that GSPT1 degradation resulted in subsequent reduction of PXR protein. GSPT1 has recently gained interest as an anticancer target, and our results give new insights into chemical determinants of drug-induced GSPT1 degradation. Additionally, we have developed assays and cell models for PXR degrader discovery that can be applied to additional protein targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew
D. Huber
- Department
of Chemical Biology and Therapeutics, St.
Jude Children’s Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee 38105, United States
| | - Yongtao Li
- Department
of Chemical Biology and Therapeutics, St.
Jude Children’s Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee 38105, United States
| | - Wenwei Lin
- Department
of Chemical Biology and Therapeutics, St.
Jude Children’s Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee 38105, United States
| | - Annalise N. Galbraith
- Department
of Chemical Biology and Therapeutics, St.
Jude Children’s Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee 38105, United States
| | - Ashutosh Mishra
- Center
for Proteomics and Metabolomics, St. Jude
Children’s Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee 38105, United States
| | - Shaina N. Porter
- Department
of Cell and Molecular Biology, St. Jude
Children’s Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee 38105, United States
- Center
for Advanced Genome Engineering, St. Jude
Children’s Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee 38105, United States
| | - Jing Wu
- Department
of Chemical Biology and Therapeutics, St.
Jude Children’s Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee 38105, United States
| | - Rebecca R. Florke Gee
- Department
of Chemical Biology and Therapeutics, St.
Jude Children’s Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee 38105, United States
- Graduate
School of Biomedical Sciences, St. Jude
Children’s Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee 38105, United States
| | - Wei Zhuang
- Department
of Chemical Biology and Therapeutics, St.
Jude Children’s Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee 38105, United States
| | - Shondra M. Pruett-Miller
- Department
of Cell and Molecular Biology, St. Jude
Children’s Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee 38105, United States
- Center
for Advanced Genome Engineering, St. Jude
Children’s Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee 38105, United States
| | - Junmin Peng
- Center
for Proteomics and Metabolomics, St. Jude
Children’s Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee 38105, United States
- Department
of Structural Biology, St. Jude Children’s
Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee 38105, United States
- Department
of Developmental Neurobiology, St. Jude
Children’s Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee 38105, United States
| | - Taosheng Chen
- Department
of Chemical Biology and Therapeutics, St.
Jude Children’s Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee 38105, United States
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6
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Sasso J, Tenchov R, Wang D, Johnson LS, Wang X, Zhou QA. Molecular Glues: The Adhesive Connecting Targeted Protein Degradation to the Clinic. Biochemistry 2022; 62:601-623. [PMID: 35856839 PMCID: PMC9910052 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biochem.2c00245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Targeted protein degradation is a rapidly exploding drug discovery strategy that uses small molecules to recruit disease-causing proteins for rapid destruction mainly via the ubiquitin-proteasome pathway. It shows great potential for treating diseases such as cancer and infectious, inflammatory, and neurodegenerative diseases, especially for those with "undruggable" pathogenic protein targets. With the recent rise of the "molecular glue" type of protein degraders, which tighten and simplify the connection of an E3 ligase with a disease-causing protein for ubiquitination and subsequent degradation, new therapies for unmet medical needs are being designed and developed. Here we use data from the CAS Content Collection and the publication landscape of recent research on targeted protein degraders to provide insights into these molecules, with a special focus on molecular glues. We also outline the advantages of the molecular glues and summarize the advances in drug discovery practices for molecular glue degraders. We further provide a thorough review of drug candidates in targeted protein degradation through E3 ligase recruitment. Finally, we highlight the progression of molecular glues in drug discovery pipelines and their targeted diseases. Overall, our paper provides a comprehensive reference to support the future development of molecular glues in medicine.
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7
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Cheng Y, Wang S, Mu X. Long non-coding RNA LINC00511 promotes proliferation, invasion, and migration of non-small cell lung cancer cells by targeting miR-625-5p/GSPT1. Transl Cancer Res 2022; 10:5159-5173. [PMID: 35116366 PMCID: PMC8798158 DOI: 10.21037/tcr-21-1468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2021] [Accepted: 11/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Background Lung cancer is a malignant tumor with a high rate of mortality and metastasis. Recently, extensive research has shown that long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) play a crucial role in the development and progression of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). In this paper, we aimed to explore the impact of long intergenic non-coding RNA 00511 (LINC00511) on the development and metastasis of NSCLC. Methods A dataset containing 501 lung squamous cell carcinoma (LUSC) samples and 49 normal samples was downloaded from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA). The differential gene expression and prognostic potential of LINC00511 in LUSC were analyzed by “limma” in R software. Samples of tumor tissues and normal tissues from 67 patients with NSCLC were obtained, along with clinical features. NSCLC cell proliferation, cell cycle, migration, and invasion were detected by LINC00511 knockdown with Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8), flow cytometry, wound-healing assay, and Transwell experiment. The regulatory relationship between LINC00511 and microRNA (miR)-625-5p, or between miR-625-5p and G1 to S phase transition 1 (GSPT1), was detected by luciferase reporter gene assay. LINC00511, miR-625-5p, and GSPT1 expression in tumor and normal tissues and cells was determined by real-time quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) and western blot. A xenograft experiment in nude mice was performed. Ki67 and GSPT1 expression in the tumor tissues of the nude mice was assessed by immunohistochemistry. Results LINC00511 expression was clearly higher in the tumor tissues of the NSCLC patients than in normal tissues (P<0.001). High LINC00511 expression was related to larger tumor size, positive lymph node metastasis, advanced TNM stage, and a lower 5-year survival rate. Compared with those of the shNC group, the NSCLC cells of the shLINC00511 group had a prominently lower optical density (OD) 450 value at 72 h, a lower percentage of cells in S phase, a higher relative wound width, and a lower invasive cell number (P<0.01 or P<0.001). LINC00511 promoted GSPT1 expression via suppressing miR-625-5p. Compared with those of the shNC group, the nude mice of the shLINC00511 group had a much lower subcutaneous tumor volume and weight (P<0.05 or P<0.001). Conclusions lncRNA LINC00511 promotes proliferation, invasion, and migration of NSCLC cells by targeting miR-625-5p/GSPT. LINC00511 may be a potential diagnostic marker and therapeutic target for NSCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Cheng
- General Department, Chongqing University Cancer Hospital, Chongqing, China
| | - Shiqiang Wang
- Department of Neuro Oncology, Chongqing University Cancer Hospital, Chongqing, China
| | - Xiaosong Mu
- General Department, Chongqing University Cancer Hospital, Chongqing, China
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8
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Kim HK, Seol JE, Ahn SW, Jeon S, Park CS, Han J. Cereblon: promise and challenges for combating human diseases. Pflugers Arch 2021; 473:1695-1711. [PMID: 34553266 DOI: 10.1007/s00424-021-02624-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2021] [Revised: 09/12/2021] [Accepted: 09/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Cereblon (CRBN) is a substrate recognition protein in the E3-ligase ubiquitin complex. The binding target of CRBN varies according to tissues and cells, and the protein regulates various biological functions by regulating tissue-specific targets. As new endogenous targets of CRBN have been identified over the past decade, the physiological and pathological functions of CRBN and its potential as a therapeutic target in various diseases have greatly expanded. For this purpose, in this review article, we introduce the basic principle of the ubiquitin-proteasome system, the regulation of physiological/pathological functions related to the endogenous substrate of CRBN, and the discovery of immunomodulatory imide drug-mediated neo-substrates of CRBN. In addition, the development of CRBN-based proteolysis-targeting chimeras, which has been actively researched recently, and strategies for developing therapeutic agents using them are introduced. These recent updates on CRBN will be useful in the establishment of strategies for disease treatment and utilization of CRBNs in biomedical engineering and clinical medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyoung Kyu Kim
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disease Center, Smart Marine Therapeutic Center, Department of Health Sciences and Technology, Graduate School, Inje University, 47392, Busan, Korea
| | - Jung Eun Seol
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disease Center, Smart Marine Therapeutic Center, Department of Health Sciences and Technology, Graduate School, Inje University, 47392, Busan, Korea
- Department of Dermatology, Inje University Busan Paik Hospital, Inje University, 47392, Busan, Korea
| | - Sang Woo Ahn
- Department of Dermatology, Inje University Busan Paik Hospital, Inje University, 47392, Busan, Korea
| | - Seungje Jeon
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disease Center, Smart Marine Therapeutic Center, Department of Health Sciences and Technology, Graduate School, Inje University, 47392, Busan, Korea
- School of Life Sciences, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology (GIST), Gwangju, Korea
| | - Chul-Seung Park
- School of Life Sciences, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology (GIST), Gwangju, Korea
| | - Jin Han
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disease Center, Smart Marine Therapeutic Center, Department of Health Sciences and Technology, Graduate School, Inje University, 47392, Busan, Korea.
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9
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Nishiguchi G, Keramatnia F, Min J, Chang Y, Jonchere B, Das S, Actis M, Price J, Chepyala D, Young B, McGowan K, Slavish PJ, Mayasundari A, Jarusiewicz JA, Yang L, Li Y, Fu X, Garrett SH, Papizan JB, Kodali K, Peng J, Pruett Miller SM, Roussel MF, Mullighan C, Fischer M, Rankovic Z. Identification of Potent, Selective, and Orally Bioavailable Small-Molecule GSPT1/2 Degraders from a Focused Library of Cereblon Modulators. J Med Chem 2021; 64:7296-7311. [PMID: 34042448 PMCID: PMC8201443 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.0c01313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Whereas the PROTAC approach to target protein degradation greatly benefits from rational design, the discovery of small-molecule degraders relies mostly on phenotypic screening and retrospective target identification efforts. Here, we describe the design, synthesis, and screening of a large diverse library of thalidomide analogues against a panel of patient-derived leukemia and medulloblastoma cell lines. These efforts led to the discovery of potent and novel GSPT1/2 degraders displaying selectivity over classical IMiD neosubstrates, such as IKZF1/3, and high oral bioavailability in mice. Taken together, this study offers compound 6 (SJ6986) as a valuable chemical probe for studying the role of GSPT1/2 in vitro and in vivo, and it supports the utility of a diverse library of CRBN binders in the pursuit of targeting undruggable oncoproteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gisele Nishiguchi
- Department of Chemical Biology and Therapeutics, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee 38105, United States
| | - Fatemeh Keramatnia
- Department of Chemical Biology and Therapeutics, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee 38105, United States.,Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, Tennessee 38163, United States
| | - Jaeki Min
- Department of Chemical Biology and Therapeutics, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee 38105, United States
| | - Yunchao Chang
- Department of Pathology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee 38105, United States
| | - Barbara Jonchere
- Department of Tumor Cell Biology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee 38105, United States
| | - Sourav Das
- Department of Chemical Biology and Therapeutics, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee 38105, United States
| | - Marisa Actis
- Department of Chemical Biology and Therapeutics, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee 38105, United States
| | - Jeanine Price
- Department of Chemical Biology and Therapeutics, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee 38105, United States
| | - Divyabharathi Chepyala
- Department of Chemical Biology and Therapeutics, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee 38105, United States
| | - Brandon Young
- Department of Chemical Biology and Therapeutics, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee 38105, United States
| | - Kevin McGowan
- Department of Chemical Biology and Therapeutics, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee 38105, United States
| | - P Jake Slavish
- Department of Chemical Biology and Therapeutics, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee 38105, United States
| | - Anand Mayasundari
- Department of Chemical Biology and Therapeutics, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee 38105, United States
| | - Jamie A Jarusiewicz
- Department of Chemical Biology and Therapeutics, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee 38105, United States
| | - Lei Yang
- Department of Chemical Biology and Therapeutics, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee 38105, United States
| | - Yong Li
- Department of Chemical Biology and Therapeutics, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee 38105, United States
| | - Xiang Fu
- Department of Chemical Biology and Therapeutics, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee 38105, United States
| | - Shalandus H Garrett
- Department of Chemical Biology and Therapeutics, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee 38105, United States
| | - James B Papizan
- Center for Advanced Genome Engineering, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee 38105, United States
| | - Kiran Kodali
- Center for Proteomics and Metabolomics, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee 38105, United States
| | - Junmin Peng
- Center for Proteomics and Metabolomics, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee 38105, United States.,Department of Developmental Neurobiology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee 38105, United States.,Department of Structural Biology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee 38105, United States
| | - Shondra M Pruett Miller
- Center for Advanced Genome Engineering, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee 38105, United States
| | - Martine F Roussel
- Department of Tumor Cell Biology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee 38105, United States
| | - Charles Mullighan
- Department of Pathology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee 38105, United States
| | - Marcus Fischer
- Department of Chemical Biology and Therapeutics, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee 38105, United States.,Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, Tennessee 38163, United States.,Department of Structural Biology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee 38105, United States
| | - Zoran Rankovic
- Department of Chemical Biology and Therapeutics, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee 38105, United States
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10
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Guo Q, Ni P, Dai Y, Hu J, Yao Y. Long-Chain Noncoding RNA ADAMTS9-AS2 Regulates Proliferation, Migration, and Apoptosis in Bladder Cancer Cells Through Regulating miR-182-5p. J Interferon Cytokine Res 2021; 41:60-71. [PMID: 33621133 DOI: 10.1089/jir.2020.0137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The long-chain noncoding RNA ADAMTS9-AS2 functions as a tumor suppressor gene in many cancers. However, the underlying mechanism remains to be fully elucidated in bladder cancer (BC). ADAMTS9-AS2 exhibited a lower expression level in BC samples and cell lines. In addition, overexpression of ADAMTS9-AS2 obviously suppressed proliferation and migration, and induced apoptosis of T24 cells, while transfection with the ADAMTS9-AS2 inhibitor had opposite results in 5637 cells. Furthermore, miR-182-5p was the target microRNA of ADAMTS9-AS2 and was negatively correlated with ADAMTS9-AS2 expression. Upregulation of miR-182-5p reversed the effects of ADAMTS9-AS2 overexpression on biological function in T24 cells. ADAMTS9-AS2 was a tumor suppressor that inhibited BC cell proliferation and induced cellular apoptosis by targeting miR-182-5p, and it could be a promising target for BC treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing Guo
- Department of Urinary Surgery, The Fifth People's Hospital of Kunshan, Suzhou City, China
| | - Pinghua Ni
- Department of Urinary Surgery, The Fifth People's Hospital of Kunshan, Suzhou City, China
| | - Yi Dai
- Department of Urinary Surgery, The Fifth People's Hospital of Kunshan, Suzhou City, China
| | - Jianming Hu
- Department of Urinary Surgery, The Fifth People's Hospital of Kunshan, Suzhou City, China
| | - Yizhe Yao
- Department of Urinary Surgery, The Fifth People's Hospital of Kunshan, Suzhou City, China
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Zhang C, Zou Y, Dai DQ. Downregulation of microRNA-27b-3p via aberrant DNA methylation contributes to malignant behavior of gastric cancer cells by targeting GSPT1. Biomed Pharmacother 2019; 119:109417. [PMID: 31539861 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2019.109417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2019] [Revised: 08/20/2019] [Accepted: 08/30/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Epigenetics play a vital role in the initiation and development of cancers, including gastric cancer (GC). In the present study, we aimed to explore potential up- and downstream mechanisms of miR-27b-3p in GC. METHODS The expression level of miR-27b-3p in GC cells and tissues (n = 80) was measured by quantitative RT-PCR. The mimics, inhibitors, and negative controls of miR-27b-3p were transfected into cell lines to perform the gain and loss of function study. Cell proliferation, migration, and invasion assays were utilized to assess biological behaviors caused by miR-27b-3p in vitro. Common target genes were predicted using four biological software programs and used for gene functional enrichment analysis. GSPT1 was selected for target gene verification using dual luciferase assays and its expression level was detected by western blot. The MKN-45 cell line was treated with 5-aza-2'-deoxycytidine (5-Aza-dC) and the methylation level was measured by methylation-specific PCR (MSP). RESULTS miR-27b-3p was significantly downregulated in the GC cell lines and tissues compared with the normal group. The expression of miR-27b-3p was determined to be negatively associated with TNM stage and tumor size using statistical analysis. Overexpression of miR-27b-3p inhibited MKN-45 and SGC-7901 cell proliferation, invasion, and migration. Gene functional enrichment analysis indicated that the target genes were involved in several signaling pathways. Dual luciferase assays showed that miR-27b-3p combined with the 3'-untranslated region of GSPT1 mRNA. MSP demonstrated that miR-27b-3p promoter CpG island was hyper-methylated and 5-Aza-dC was able to partially reverse the methylation. CONCLUSIONS Our study data indicated that miR-27b-3p is downregulated by aberrant DNA methylation in GC. In addition, miR-27b-3p suppresses GC cell proliferation, invasion, and migration via negative expression regulation of GSPT1, which could be a potential therapeutic target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, the Fourth Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, 4 Chongshan Road, Shenyang, 110032, China
| | - Ying Zou
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, the Fourth Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, 4 Chongshan Road, Shenyang, 110032, China
| | - Dong-Qiu Dai
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, the Fourth Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, 4 Chongshan Road, Shenyang, 110032, China.
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Wang S, Beeghly-Fadiel A, Cai Q, Cai H, Guo X, Shi L, Wu J, Ye F, Qiu Q, Zheng Y, Zheng W, Bao PP, Shu XO. Gene expression in triple-negative breast cancer in relation to survival. Breast Cancer Res Treat 2018; 171:199-207. [PMID: 29748761 DOI: 10.1007/s10549-018-4816-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2018] [Accepted: 05/03/2018] [Indexed: 10/16/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The identification of biomarkers related to the prognosis of triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is critically important for improved understanding of the biology that drives TNBC progression. METHODS We evaluated gene expression in total RNA isolated from formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tumor samples using the NanoString nCounter assay for 469 TNBC cases from the Shanghai Breast Cancer Survival Study. We used Cox regression to quantify Hazard Ratios (HR) and corresponding confidence intervals (CI) for overall survival (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS) in models that included adjustment for breast cancer intrinsic subtype. Of 302 genes in our discovery analysis, 22 were further evaluated in relation to OS among 134 TNBC cases from the Nashville Breast Health Study and the Southern Community Cohort Study; 16 genes were further evaluated in relation to DFS in 335 TNBC cases from four gene expression omnibus datasets. Fixed-effect meta-analysis was used to combine results across data sources. RESULTS Twofold higher expression of EOMES (HR 0.90, 95% CI 0.83-0.97), RASGRP1 (HR 0.89, 95% CI 0.82-0.97), and SOD2 (HR 0.80, 95% CI 0.66-0.96) was associated with better OS. Twofold higher expression of EOMES (HR 0.89, 95% CI 0.81-0.97) and RASGRP1 (HR 0.87, 95% CI 0.81-0.95) was also associated with better DFS. On the contrary, a doubling of FA2H (HR 1.14, 95% CI 1.06-1.22) and GSPT1 (HR 1.33, 95% CI 1.14-1.55) expression was associated with shorter DFS. CONCLUSIONS We identified five genes (EOMES, FA2H, GSPT1, RASGRP1, and SOD2) that may serve as potential prognostic biomarkers and/or therapeutic targets for TNBC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuyang Wang
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Alicia Beeghly-Fadiel
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Nashville, TN, USA. .,Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt Epidemiology Center, Institute for Medicine and Public Health, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, 2525 West End Avenue, 838-A, Nashville, TN, 37203, USA.
| | - Qiuyin Cai
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Hui Cai
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Xingyi Guo
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Liang Shi
- Shanghai Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shanghai, China
| | - Jie Wu
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Fei Ye
- Department of Biostatistics, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Qingchao Qiu
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Ying Zheng
- Shanghai Cancer Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Wei Zheng
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Ping-Ping Bao
- Shanghai Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiao-Ou Shu
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Nashville, TN, USA
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13
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Litchfield K, Holroyd A, Lloyd A, Broderick P, Nsengimana J, Eeles R, Easton DF, Dudakia D, Bishop DT, Reid A, Huddart RA, Grotmol T, Wiklund F, Shipley J, Houlston RS, Turnbull C. Identification of four new susceptibility loci for testicular germ cell tumour. Nat Commun 2015; 6:8690. [PMID: 26503584 PMCID: PMC4846317 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms9690] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2015] [Accepted: 09/17/2015] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have identified multiple risk loci for testicular germ cell tumour (TGCT), revealing a polygenic model of disease susceptibility strongly influenced by common variation. To identify additional single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) associated with TGCT, we conducted a multistage GWAS with a combined data set of >25,000 individuals (6,059 cases and 19,094 controls). We identified new risk loci for TGCT at 3q23 (rs11705932, TFDP2, P=1.5 × 10(-9)), 11q14.1 (rs7107174, GAB2, P=9.7 × 10(-11)), 16p13.13 (rs4561483, GSPT1, P=1.6 × 10(-8)) and 16q24.2 (rs55637647, ZFPM1, P=3.4 × 10(-9)). We additionally present detailed functional analysis of these loci, identifying a statistically significant relationship between rs4561483 risk genotype and increased GSPT1 expression in TGCT patient samples. These findings provide additional support for a polygenic model of TGCT risk and further insight into the biological basis of disease development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kevin Litchfield
- Division of Genetics and Epidemiology, The Institute of Cancer Research, London SM2 5NG, UK
| | - Amy Holroyd
- Division of Genetics and Epidemiology, The Institute of Cancer Research, London SM2 5NG, UK
| | - Amy Lloyd
- Division of Genetics and Epidemiology, The Institute of Cancer Research, London SM2 5NG, UK
| | - Peter Broderick
- Division of Genetics and Epidemiology, The Institute of Cancer Research, London SM2 5NG, UK
| | - Jérémie Nsengimana
- Section of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Leeds Institute of Cancer and Pathology, Leeds LS9 7TF, UK
| | - Rosalind Eeles
- Division of Genetics and Epidemiology, The Institute of Cancer Research, London SM2 5NG, UK
- Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust, London SM2 5NG, UK
| | - Douglas F Easton
- Cancer Research UK, Genetic Epidemiology Unit, Strangeways Research Laboratory, Cambridge CB1 8RN, UK
| | - Darshna Dudakia
- Division of Genetics and Epidemiology, The Institute of Cancer Research, London SM2 5NG, UK
| | - D. Timothy Bishop
- Section of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Leeds Institute of Cancer and Pathology, Leeds LS9 7TF, UK
| | - Alison Reid
- Academic Radiotherapy Unit, Institute of Cancer Research, Sutton, Surrey SM2 5NG, UK
| | - Robert A. Huddart
- Academic Radiotherapy Unit, Institute of Cancer Research, Sutton, Surrey SM2 5NG, UK
| | - Tom Grotmol
- Department of Research, Cancer Registry of Norway, 0369 Oslo, Norway
| | - Fredrik Wiklund
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, 171 77 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Janet Shipley
- Divisions of Molecular Pathology and Cancer Therapeutics, The Institute of Cancer Research, London SM2 5NG, UK
| | - Richard S. Houlston
- Division of Genetics and Epidemiology, The Institute of Cancer Research, London SM2 5NG, UK
| | - Clare Turnbull
- Division of Genetics and Epidemiology, The Institute of Cancer Research, London SM2 5NG, UK
- William Harvey Research Institute, Queen Mary University, London EC1M 6BQ, UK
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miRNA-144 suppresses proliferation and migration of colorectal cancer cells through GSPT1. Biomed Pharmacother 2015; 74:138-44. [PMID: 26349975 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2015.08.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2015] [Accepted: 08/03/2015] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs play a key role in carcinogenesis or tumor progression, which negatively and posttranscriptionally regulate gene expression and function as oncogenes or tumor suppressors, as well as regulators of cell cycle, proliferation, apoptosis, migration and other processes. A number of miRNAs are reported be related to the occurrence and development of colorectal cancer (CRC). However, these studies were not involved in the effect of miRNA 144 of CRC, whose function remains unclear. In this study, we demonstrated that the expression level of miRNA 144 was markedly down-regulated in colorectal cancer HCT116 cells compared with normal control FHC cells. Meanwhile, we found that GSPT1 was over-expressed in human colorectal cancer HCT116 cells. Subsequently, GSPT1 was identified as a target of miRNA 144 through bioinformatics and luciferase reporter assays. Besides, we also confirmed that miRNA 144 can inhibit the proliferation and migration of colorectal cancer HCT116 cells . Next, we observed RNA-mediated knockdown of GSPT1 can also inhibit the proliferation and migration of colorectal cancer cells. Thus, we concluded that miRNA 144 inhibits cell proliferation and migration through GSPT1 in CRC. In addition, further mechanic investigations revealed that miRNA-144 suppressed the expression of GSPT1 to regulate the expression of c-myc, survivin and Bcl2L15 which are involved in cell proliferation, and that metastasis related factor MMP28 was also down-regulated by miRNA144. Our findings suggested that microRNA 144 might be an important element to control the status of colorectal cancer, which has provided a new insight into the mechanism of proliferation and migration and a new target in therapy against colorectal cancer.
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15
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Nair S, Bora-Singhal N, Perumal D, Chellappan S. Nicotine-mediated invasion and migration of non-small cell lung carcinoma cells by modulating STMN3 and GSPT1 genes in an ID1-dependent manner. Mol Cancer 2014; 13:173. [PMID: 25028095 PMCID: PMC4121302 DOI: 10.1186/1476-4598-13-173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2014] [Accepted: 07/04/2014] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Inhibitor of DNA binding/Differentiation 1 (ID1) is a helix loop helix transcription factor that lacks the basic DNA binding domain. Over-expression of ID1 has been correlated with a variety of human cancers; our earlier studies had shown that reported ID1 is induced by nicotine or EGF stimulation of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cells and its down regulation abrogates cell proliferation, invasion and migration. Here we made attempts to identify downstream targets of ID1 that mediate these effects. Methods A microarray analysis was done on two different NSCLC cell lines (A549 and H1650) that were transfected with a siRNA to ID1 or a control, non-targeting siRNA. Cells were stimulated with nicotine and genes that were differentially expressed upon nicotine stimulation and ID1 depletion were analyzed to identify potential downstream targets of ID1. The prospective role of the identified genes was validated by RT-PCR. Additional functional assays were conducted to assess the role of these genes in nicotine induced proliferation, invasion and migration. Experiments were also conducted to elucidate the role of ID1, which does not bind to DNA directly, affects the expression of these genes at transcriptional level. Results A microarray analysis showed multiple genes are affected by the depletion of ID1; we focused on two of them: Stathmin-like3 (STMN3), a microtubule destabilizing protein, and GSPT1, a protein involved in translation termination; these proteins were induced by both nicotine and EGF in an ID1 dependent fashion. Overexpression of ID1 in two different cell lines induced STMN3 and GSPT1 at the transcriptional level, while depletion of ID1 reduced their expression. STMN3 and GSPT1 were found to facilitate the proliferation, invasion and migration of NSCLC cells in response to nAChR activation. Attempts made to assess how ID1, which is a transcriptional repressor, induces these genes showed that ID1 down regulates the expression of two transcriptional co-repressors, NRSF and ZBP89, involved in the repression of these genes. Conclusions Collectively, our data suggests that nicotine and EGF induce genes such as STMN3 and GSPT1 to promote the proliferation, invasion and migration of NSCLC, thus enhancing their tumorigenic properties. These studies thus reveal a central role for ID1 and its downstream targets in facilitating lung cancer progression.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Srikumar Chellappan
- Department of Tumor Biology, H, Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, 12902 Magnolia Drive, Tampa, FL 33612, USA.
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Xiao R, Gao Y, Shen Q, Li C, Chang W, Chai B. Polypeptide chain release factor eRF3 is a novel molecular partner of survivin. Cell Biol Int 2013; 37:359-69. [PMID: 23377885 DOI: 10.1002/cbin.10043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2012] [Accepted: 01/07/2013] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
The eukaryotic class II polypeptide chain release factor (eRF3) is an eRF1- and ribosome-dependent GTPase involved in translation termination of protein biosynthesis. eRF3 is a multifunctional protein that is also involved in chromosomal segregation and cytokinesis during mitosis. Survivin is a member of the inhibitor of apoptosis protein (IAP) family that is involved in the organisation of spindle and cell apoptosis. Interaction between survivin and eRF3a-F3 or eRF3b, encoded by the GSPT1 and GSPT2 genes, respectively, was confirmed using yeast two-hybrid (Y2H) and pull-down assays in vitro, and co-immunoprecipitation in vivo. The domains involved in the formation of the survivin-eRF3s complex have been identified. The sites on survivin that interact with eRF3 are located in the baculovirus IAP repeat domain (residues 65-76), which forms a beta-strand structure with an overall negative charge. The sites on eRF3 that interact with survivin were localised to the N-terminal domain(NTD; residues 131-200). Cell localisation experiments indicate that both factors are in the nucleus, suggesting that they cooperatively function in nuclear processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruilin Xiao
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Molecular Engineering, Ministry of Education, China; Institute of Biotechnology, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China
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Miri M, Hemati S, Safari F, Tavassoli M. GGCn polymorphism of eRF3a/GSPT1 gene and breast cancer susceptibility. Med Oncol 2011; 29:1581-5. [PMID: 22101789 DOI: 10.1007/s12032-011-0111-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2011] [Accepted: 11/02/2011] [Indexed: 10/15/2022]
Abstract
The significance of translation regulatory factors in elevating the risk of cancer has been recently recognized. Eukaryotic release factor 3a (eRF3a) is a translation termination protein that is encoded by G1 to S phase transition 1 gene (GSPT1). The eRF3a/GSPT1 exon 1 contains a trinucleotide GGC repeat coding for a polyglycine expansion in the N-terminal of the protein. In the present study, we determined the allelic length of the GGC(n) repeat in the eRF3a gene in 250 women with breast cancer and 250 age-matched controls. Our results show that the presence of the longer allele, 12-GGC, is correlated with threefold increased risk of breast cancer development. Our findings also suggest that women who are homozygous for 7-GGC allele are possibly at higher risk of developing breast cancer, especially before the age of 50. No significant effect of the allelic length of eRF3a/GSPT1 polymorphism on inheritance or the grade of this disease was observed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahboobe Miri
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Isfahan, Hezar-Jarib, Isfahan, Iran
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