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Song J, Li H, Fan S. SET-CAN/NUP214 fusion gene in leukemia: general features and clinical advances. Front Oncol 2023; 13:1269531. [PMID: 37909026 PMCID: PMC10613893 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1269531] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2023] [Accepted: 10/02/2023] [Indexed: 11/02/2023] Open
Abstract
SET-CAN/NUP214 fusion is a recurrent event commonly observed in adult male patients diagnosed with T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (T-ALL) and has occasionally been reported in other diseases such as acute myeloid leukemia (AML), myeloid sarcoma (MS), acute undifferentiated leukemia (AUL), chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) and B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (B-ALL). This fusion gene is derived from chromosome del(9)(q34.11;q34.13) or t(9;9)(q34;q34) and may have an inhibitory effect on primitive progenitor differentiation. The prognosis of the reported patients is varied, with these patients often show resistance to chemotherapy regimens that include high doses of glucocorticoids. The optional treatment has not been determined, more cases need to be accumulated and evaluated. The scope of this review is to summarize the general features and prognostic significance in leukemia associated with the SET-CAN/NUP214 fusion gene and to discuss the methods of detection and treatment, aiming at providing some useful references for relevant researchers in the field of blood tumor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingyu Song
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Huibo Li
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Shengjin Fan
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Cell Transplantation, The First Affiliated Hospital, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
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Wang J, Zhan QR, Lu XX, Zhang LJ, Wang XX, Zhang HY. The characteristics and prognostic significance of the SET-CAN/NUP214 fusion gene in hematological malignancies: A systematic review. Medicine (Baltimore) 2022; 101:e29294. [PMID: 35905214 PMCID: PMC9333549 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000029294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The SET-CAN/NUP214 fusion gene resulting from chromosomal del(9)(q34.11q34.13) or t(9;9) (q34;q34) has been found in T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (T-ALL), B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (B-ALL), acute myeloid leukemia (AML) and myeloid sarcoma (MS). Furthermore, the SET-CAN/NUP214 fusion gene has been found in the T-ALL cell line LOUCY and the AML line MEGAL. The common features of these cases are insensitivity to chemotherapy and poor prognosis. We reviewed the characteristics and prognostic significance of the SET-CAN/NUP214 fusion gene in hematological malignancies. METHODS This systematic literature search was conducted using the PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, and Cochrane Library databases. With the inclusion and exclusion criteria, we summarized all of the papers and performed a statistical analyses. RESULTS In general, the SET-CAN/NUP214 fusion gene is very rare in adult acute leukemia, more frequently found in T-ALL than in other types of leukemia, and more often in males. Flow cytometry data indicated that the markers CD34, CD33, CD13, and CD7 were common in SET-CAN/NUP214 positive acute leukemia, including ALL. Fluorescence in situ hybridization and arrays are important methods for detecting the fusion gene in newly diagnosed patients and can detect chromosomal del(9)(q34) will be detected. The chromosomal karyotype may be normal or complex, and, in terms of survival analysis, transplantation results in a better prognosis than chemotherapy alone. CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS OF KEY FINDINGS The presence of SET-CAN/NUP214 fusion gene may be a Minimal Residual Disease of early recurrence, and it might be a poor indicator of outcome. LIMITATIONS The mechanism, clinical characteristics, therapy and prognosis of the SET-CAN/NUP214 fusion gene in hematological malignancies require further research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Wang
- Department of Hematology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110001, China
| | - Qian-ru Zhan
- Department of Hematology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110001, China
| | - Xiao-xuan Lu
- Department of Hematology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110001, China
| | - Li-jun Zhang
- Department of Hematology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110001, China
| | - Xiao-xue Wang
- Department of Hematology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110001, China
| | - He-yang Zhang
- Department of Hematology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110001, China
- *Correspondence: He-yang Zhang, Department of Hematology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110001, China (e-mail: )
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Zhang H, Zhang L, Li Y, Gu H, Wang X. SET-CAN Fusion Gene in Acute Leukemia and Myeloid Neoplasms: Report of Three Cases and a Literature Review. Onco Targets Ther 2020; 13:7665-7681. [PMID: 32821125 PMCID: PMC7423397 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s258365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2020] [Accepted: 07/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective To investigate the characteristics of hematological malignancies in patients with the SET-CAN fusion gene and provide a literature review. Methods We retrospectively analyzed the clinical data of three cases of acute leukemia and myeloid neoplasms harboring the SET-CAN fusion gene who were treated at our hospital. Their clinical manifestations, pathological results and treatment strategies were investigated. Results The three cases were diagnosed with T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (T-ALL), acute myeloid leukemia (AML) and myeloid sarcoma (MS), respectively. Karyotype analyses identified a normal result in all three patients. Subsequently, we confirmed del(9q34) utilizing FISH analysis. Mutation of the BRAF gene was detected in case 1, while mutations in PHF6 and BCOR were detected in case 2, which have not been officially reported in patients with SET-CAN fusions. Finally, relevant literature focusing on adult patients with hematological malignancies harboring the SET-CAN fusion gene were summarized. Conclusion Adult patients with the SET-CAN fusion gene were rare among cases of hematological malignancies. There was a large degree of heterogeneity between different patients. Notably, some patients remained sensitive to chemotherapy. Overall prognosis may be related to the type of disease and other cytogenetic abnormalities. Systemic cytogenetic and molecular studies are needed to make accurate diagnoses. Additional cases need to be accumulated and summarized to better understand these diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heyang Zhang
- Department of Hematology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, People's Republic of China
| | - Lijun Zhang
- Department of Hematology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, People's Republic of China
| | - Yan Li
- Department of Hematology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, People's Republic of China
| | - Hongcang Gu
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Xiaoxue Wang
- Department of Hematology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, People's Republic of China
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Dong XY, Li YL, Liu LS, Cheng W, Shang BJ, Zhang L, Shi MY, Wang F, Sun K. [Clinical characteristics of four SET-NUP214 positive acute leukemia patients]. ZHONGHUA XUE YE XUE ZA ZHI = ZHONGHUA XUEYEXUE ZAZHI 2017; 38:1062-1065. [PMID: 29365402 PMCID: PMC7342186 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.0253-2727.2017.12.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2017] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - K Sun
- Institute of Hematology, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450003, China
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Itoh G, Sugino S, Ikeda M, Mizuguchi M, Kanno SI, Amin MA, Iemura K, Yasui A, Hirota T, Tanaka K. Nucleoporin Nup188 is required for chromosome alignment in mitosis. Cancer Sci 2013; 104:871-9. [PMID: 23551833 DOI: 10.1111/cas.12159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2012] [Revised: 03/12/2013] [Accepted: 03/12/2013] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Most cancer cells are aneuploid, which could be caused by defects in chromosome segregation machinery. Nucleoporins (Nup) are components of the nuclear pore complex, which is essential for nuclear transport during interphase, but several nucleoporins are also known to be involved in chromosome segregation. Here we report a novel function of Nup188, one of the nucleoporins regulating chromosome segregation. Nup188 localizes to spindle poles during mitosis, through the C-terminal region of Nup188. In Nup188-depleted mitotic cells, chromosomes fail to align to the metaphase plate, which causes mitotic arrest due to the spindle assembly checkpoint. Both the middle and the C-terminal regions were required for chromosome alignment. Robust K-fibers, microtubule bundles attaching to kinetochores, were hardly formed in Nup188-depleted cells. Significantly, we found that Nup188 interacts with NuMA, which plays an instrumental role in focusing microtubules at centrosomes, and NuMA localization to spindle poles is perturbed in Nup188-depleted cells. These data suggest that Nup188 promotes chromosome alignment through K-fiber formation and recruitment of NuMA to spindle poles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Go Itoh
- Department of Molecular Oncology, Institute of Development, Aging and Cancer, Tohoku University, Miyagi, Japan
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Wei H, Bera TK, Wayne AS, Xiang L, Colantonio S, Chertov O, Pastan I. A modified form of diphthamide causes immunotoxin resistance in a lymphoma cell line with a deletion of the WDR85 gene. J Biol Chem 2013; 288:12305-12. [PMID: 23486472 PMCID: PMC3636914 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m113.461343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2013] [Revised: 03/12/2013] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
HA22 is a recombinant immunotoxin that kills CD22-expressing cells by ADP-ribosylating and inactivating elongation factor-2 (EF2). HA22 is composed of an Fv that binds to CD22 fused to a portion of Pseudomonas exotoxin A. HA22 is very active in drug-resistant hairy cell leukemia but is less active in children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia. To understand why some patients do not respond to HA22, we isolated an HA22-resistant lymphoma cell line and showed that resistance was due to the inability of HA22 to ADP-ribosylate and inactivate EF2. We analyzed the diphthamide synthesis genes and found that the WDR85 gene was deleted. We show that WDR85 knockdown conferred HA22 resistance to sensitive cells and that sensitivity was restored by introduction of a WDR85 cDNA into resistant cells. Analysis of EF2 in the mutant cells revealed a novel form of diphthamide with an additional methyl group that prevented ADP-ribosylation and inactivation of EF2. The abnormal methylation appeared to be catalyzed by DPH5. Inactivation of the WDR85 gene could be a mechanism of immunotoxin resistance in patients undergoing immunotoxin therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Wei
- From the Laboratory of Molecular Biology and
| | | | - Alan S. Wayne
- From the Laboratory of Molecular Biology and
- Pediatric Oncology Branch, Center for Cancer Research, NCI, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892 and
| | | | - Simona Colantonio
- the Protein Chemistry Laboratory, Advanced Technology Program, SAIC-Frederick, Incorporated, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, Maryland 21702
| | - Oleg Chertov
- the Protein Chemistry Laboratory, Advanced Technology Program, SAIC-Frederick, Incorporated, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, Maryland 21702
| | - Ira Pastan
- From the Laboratory of Molecular Biology and
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Huh J, Mun YC, Seong CM, Chung WS. ABL1 deletion without BCR/ABL1 rearrangement is originated from a large-sized 9q deletion. Ann Hematol 2012; 91:1813-5. [PMID: 22453304 DOI: 10.1007/s00277-012-1450-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2011] [Accepted: 03/11/2012] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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Ninomiya S, Tyybäkinoja A, Borze I, Räty R, Saarinen-Pihkala UM, Usvasalo A, Elonen E, Knuutila S. Integrated analysis of gene copy number, copy neutral LOH, and microRNA profiles in adult acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Cytogenet Genome Res 2012; 136:246-55. [PMID: 22456238 DOI: 10.1159/000337297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/17/2012] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
We adopted an integrated analysis of gene copy number alterations (CNAs), copy number neutral loss of heterozygosity (CNN LOH), and microRNA (miRNA) profiling in 21 adult acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) patients. This study revealed the most frequent CNAs to be at chromosomes 9p, 7, and 17 and recurrent CNN LOH at 5p, 9p, and Xq. As for the most differentially expressed miRNAs, they included 8 upregulated and 14 downregulated miRNAs, of which miR-148a at 7p15.2, miR-22 at 17p13.3, miR-223 at Xq12, as well as miR-101-2 at 9p24.1 exhibited recurrent CNAs or CNN LOH. miR-101-2 was recurrently downregulated, and although the related CNN LOH was detected only in BCR-ABL1 negative cases (2/14), deletions of miR-101-2 were observed solely in BCR-ABL1 positive cases (4/7). Finally, BCR-ABL1 positive cases, in contrast to negative ones, were characterized by slightly, but still significantly, higher expression levels of miR-29b.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Ninomiya
- Department of Pathology, HUSLAB and University of Helsinki, Finland
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Signalling to actin: role of C3G, a multitasking guanine-nucleotide-exchange factor. Biosci Rep 2011; 31:231-44. [PMID: 21366540 DOI: 10.1042/bsr20100094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
C3G (Crk SH3-domain-binding guanine-nucleotide-releasing factor) is a ubiquitously expressed member of a class of molecules called GEFs (guanine-nucleotide-exchange factor) that activate small GTPases and is involved in pathways triggered by a variety of signals. It is essential for mammalian embryonic development and many cellular functions in adult tissues. C3G participates in regulating functions that require cytoskeletal remodelling such as adhesion, migration, maintenance of cell junctions, neurite growth and vesicle traffic. C3G is spatially and temporally regulated to act on Ras family GTPases Rap1, Rap2, R-Ras, TC21 and Rho family member TC10. Increased C3G protein levels are associated with differentiation of various cell types, indicating an important role for C3G in cellular differentiation. In signalling pathways, C3G serves functions dependent on catalytic activity as well as protein interaction and can therefore integrate signals necessary for the execution of more than one cellular function. This review summarizes our current knowledge of the biology of C3G with emphasis on its role as a transducer of signals to the actin cytoskeleton. Deregulated C3G may also contribute to pathogenesis of human disorders and therefore could be a potential therapeutic target.
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Jung SI, Cho HS, Lee CH, Jung BC. A case of adult B lymphoblastic leukemia with ider(9)(q10)t(9;22)(q34;q11.2) and der(19)t(1;19)(q23;p13.3). Korean J Lab Med 2010; 30:585-90. [PMID: 21157143 DOI: 10.3343/kjlm.2010.30.6.585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
In B lymphoblastic leukemia/lymphoma (B-ALL/LBL), t(9;22)(q34;q11.2) and t(1;19)(q23;p13.3) are recurrent cytogenetic abnormalities. The concurrent occurrence of both abnormalities is very rare, and only 3 cases have been previously reported. Here, we report a case of adult B-ALL with ider(9)(q10)t(9;22)(q34;q11.2) and der(19)t(1;19)(q23;p13.3). A literature review revealed that ider(9) (q10)t(9;22) is a rare variant of t(9;22) with a deletion of the short arm of chromosome 9. Fifteen cases of ider(9)(q10)t(9;22) have been reported. This abnormality is specific to precursor B-lymphoid neoplasms, such as B-ALL or B-lymphoid blast phase of CML, and is associated with disease progression or short survival. The cytogenetic abnormality t(1;19) is also specific to B-ALL. In most instances of t(1;19), TCF3 is fused to PBX1; however, a few cases have identical translocations but no TCF3-PBX1 fusion, as was observed in our patient. We describe the first case of ider(9)(q10)t(9;22) in combination with TCF3-PBX1 negative t(1;19). The patient underwent imatinib therapy in addition to intensive chemotherapy, but failed to achieve remission.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soon Il Jung
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Yeungnam University College of Medicine, Daegu, Korea
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