1
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FISH improves risk stratification in acute leukemia by identifying KMT2A abnormal copy number and rearrangements. Sci Rep 2022; 12:9585. [PMID: 35688861 PMCID: PMC9187764 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-13545-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2022] [Accepted: 05/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Most cases of acute leukemia (AL) with KMT2A rearrangement (KMT2A-r) have a dismal prognosis. Detection of this aberration in Chinese adult patients relies on reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and chromosome banding analysis (CBA). The fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) probe for KMT2A detects KMT2A-r and copy number variation (CNV) but is not routinely used as a detection technique. This study investigated the potential value of FISH in the treatment of AL by performing FISH along with CBA and RT-PCR in 269 de novo cases of AL. The three detection techniques were compared in identification of KMT2A-r, and the applicability of FISH for detecting KMT2A CNV was evaluated. Twenty-three samples were identified as positive for KMT2A-r (20 using FISH, 15 using RT-PCR, 16 using CBA, and eight according to all three). FISH also identified 17 KMT2A CNV, 15 with gains and two with deletions. Ten patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) harboring KMT2A CNV had a complex karyotype, a negative prognostic factor in AML. Adding FISH of KMT2A to routine detection leads to more accurate detection of KMT2A-r and improved identification of KMT2A CNV, which would benefit patients by improving the risk stratification in AL.
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2
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Takeda R, Yokoyama K, Fukuyama T, Kawamata T, Ito M, Yusa N, Kasajima R, Shimizu E, Ohno N, Uchimaru K, Yamaguchi R, Imoto S, Miyano S, Tojo A. Repeated Lineage Switches in an Elderly Case of Refractory B-Cell Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia With MLL Gene Amplification: A Case Report and Literature Review. Front Oncol 2022; 12:799982. [PMID: 35402256 PMCID: PMC8983914 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.799982] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2021] [Accepted: 02/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Lineage switches in acute leukemia occur rarely, and the underlying mechanisms are poorly understood. Herein, we report the case of an elderly patient with leukemia in which the leukemia started as B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (B-ALL) and later changed to B- and T-cell mixed phenotype acute leukemia (MPAL) and acute myeloid leukemia (AML) during consecutive induction chemotherapy treatments. A 65-year-old woman was initially diagnosed with Philadelphia chromosome-negative B-ALL primarily expressing TdT/CD34/HLA-DR; more than 20% of the blasts were positive for CD19/CD20/cytoplasmic CD79a/cytoplasmic CD22/CD13/CD71.The blasts were negative for T-lineage markers and myeloperoxidase (MPO). Induction chemotherapy with the standard regimen for B-ALL resulted in primary induction failure. After the second induction chemotherapy regimen, the blasts were found to be B/T bi-phenotypic with additional expression of cytoplasmic CD3. A single course of clofarabine (the fourth induction chemotherapy regimen) dramatically reduced lymphoid marker levels. However, the myeloid markers (e.g., MPO) eventually showed positivity and the leukemia completely changed its lineage to AML. Despite subsequent intensive chemotherapy regimens designed for AML, the patient’s leukemia was uncontrollable and a new monoblastic population emerged. The patient died approximately 8 months after the initial diagnosis without experiencing stable remission. Several cytogenetic and genetic features were commonly identified in the initial diagnostic B-ALL and in the following AML, suggesting that this case should be classified as lineage switching leukemia rather than multiple simultaneous cancers (i.e., de novo B-ALL and de novo AML, or primary B-ALL and therapy-related myeloid neoplasm). A complex karyotype was persistently observed with a hemi-allelic loss of chromosome 17 (the location of the TP53 tumor suppressor gene). As the leukemia progressed, the karyotype became more complex, with the additional abnormalities. Sequential target sequencing revealed an increased variant allele frequency of TP53 mutation. Fluorescent in situ hybridization (FISH) revealed an increased number of mixed-lineage leukemia (MLL) genes, both before and after lineage conversion. In contrast, FISH revealed negativity for MLL rearrangements, which are well-known abnormalities associated with lineage switching leukemia and MPAL. To our best knowledge, this is the first reported case of acute leukemia presenting with lineage ambiguity and MLL gene amplification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reina Takeda
- Department of Hematology/Oncology, Research Hospital, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kazuaki Yokoyama
- Department of Hematology/Oncology, Research Hospital, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
- *Correspondence: Kazuaki Yokoyama, ; Arinobu Tojo,
| | - Tomofusa Fukuyama
- Department of Hematology/Oncology, Research Hospital, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
- Division of Cellular Therapy, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Toyotaka Kawamata
- Department of Hematology/Oncology, Research Hospital, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
- Division of Molecular Therapy, The Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Mika Ito
- Division of Molecular Therapy, The Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Nozomi Yusa
- Department of Applied Genomics, Research Hospital, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Rika Kasajima
- Division of Health Medical Data Science, Health Intelligence Center, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
- Molecular Pathology and Genetics Division, Kanagawa Cancer Center Research Institute, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Eigo Shimizu
- Laboratory of DNA Information Analysis, Human Genome Center, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Nobuhiro Ohno
- Department of Hematology/Oncology, Research Hospital, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
- Division of Molecular Therapy, The Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Hematology, Kanto Rosai Hospital, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Kaoru Uchimaru
- Department of Hematology/Oncology, Research Hospital, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
- Laboratory of Tumor Cell Biology, Department of Computational Biology and Medical Science, Graduate School of the Frontier Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Rui Yamaguchi
- Laboratory of DNA Information Analysis, Human Genome Center, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Seiya Imoto
- Division of Health Medical Data Science, Health Intelligence Center, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Satoru Miyano
- Laboratory of DNA Information Analysis, Human Genome Center, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Arinobu Tojo
- Department of Hematology/Oncology, Research Hospital, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
- Division of Molecular Therapy, The Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
- *Correspondence: Kazuaki Yokoyama, ; Arinobu Tojo,
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iAMP21 in acute myeloid leukemia is associated with complex karyotype, TP53 mutation and dismal outcome. Mod Pathol 2020; 33:1389-1397. [PMID: 32034282 DOI: 10.1038/s41379-020-0494-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2019] [Revised: 01/23/2020] [Accepted: 01/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) with intrachromosomal amplification of chromosome 21 (iAMP21) is rare and has not been well characterized. We report 13 patients, 7 men and 6 women, with a median age of 65 years. Eleven patients presented with AML with myelodysplasia-related changes, and two patients had therapy-related AML. Cytopenias were detected in all patients (11 pancytopenia and two bi-lineage cytopenia). Myelodysplastic changes were observed in all 11 patients with adequate cells to evaluate. Myelofibrosis was present in ten patients. All patients had a complex karyotype, including abnormalities of chromosomes 5, 7, 17, and hsr(21)(q22), and ten patients showed TP53 deletion and/or mutation. Eleven patients received AML-based chemotherapy, one of whom also received hematopoietic stem cell transplant. By the end of the last follow-up, eight patients died with median survival of 3.2 months, four patients were alive with persistent AML, and one was in complete remission. The median overall survival was 6 months for all patients. We conclude that AML with iAMP21 is often associated with cytopenias, myelodysplasia, a complex karyotype, TP53 mutation/deletion, and a poor prognosis despite current therapies.
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Chen S, Zhang J, Sun L, Li X, Bai J, Zhang H, Li T. miR-611 promotes the proliferation, migration and invasion of tongue squamous cell carcinoma cells by targeting FOXN3. Oral Dis 2019; 25:1906-1918. [PMID: 31419344 DOI: 10.1111/odi.13177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2019] [Revised: 07/14/2019] [Accepted: 08/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The function of miR-611 has not yet been reported. We aimed to investigate the effects of miR-611 on tongue squamous cell carcinoma (TSCC) and the underlying mechanism. MATERIALS AND METHODS The expression level of miR-611 in TSCC tissues was measured using quantitative reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR). Cell proliferation, migration and invasion were examined by performing CCK-8, IncuCyte and Transwell assays. Bioinformatics analyses and microarrays were used to screen for target genes, which were verified using a luciferase reporter assay, RT-qPCR and Western blotting. The xenograft model was used to assess the effects of miR-611 in vivo. RESULTS miR-611 was upregulated in TSCC tissues, which was significantly correlated with TNM stage and negatively associated with the overall survival of patients. In addition, upregulation of miR-611 not only potentiated the proliferation, migration, invasion and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) of TSCC cells in vitro, but also promoted tumour growth in vivo. FOXN3 was identified as a candidate target gene of miR-611 and subsequently verified. Finally, miR-611 induced a malignant phenotype of TSCC, which was rescued by overexpression of FOXN3. CONCLUSIONS Our findings suggest that miR-611 is a novel therapeutic target for TSCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuai Chen
- Department of Oral Pathology, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, China
| | - Jianyun Zhang
- Department of Oral Pathology, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, China
| | - Lisha Sun
- Central Laboratory, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, China
| | - Xuefen Li
- Central Laboratory, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, China
| | - Jiaying Bai
- Department of Oral Pathology, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, China
| | - Heyu Zhang
- Central Laboratory, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, China
| | - Tiejun Li
- Department of Oral Pathology, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, China
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Ornellas MHF, Maioli MCP, de Lucena SBSG, Bastos EF, Chaves TS, de Melo KV, Ribeiro-Carvalho MDM, Liehr T, Alves G. Complex karyotype including ring chromosome 11 in a patient with acute myeloid leukemia: case report. SAO PAULO MED J 2018; 136:361-367. [PMID: 28832804 PMCID: PMC9881703 DOI: 10.1590/1516-3180.2016.0252150217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2017] [Accepted: 02/15/2017] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
CONTEXT Complex karyotypes in acute myeloid leukemia (AML) are characterized by an overall low response rate with frequent relapses after clinical treatment. CASE REPORT Here, we describe the case of a 61-year-old obese female with clinically diagnosed AML who presented a complex karyotype involving an uncommon abnormality: ring chromosome 11. Immunophenotypic analysis confirmed the diagnosis. Classical and molecular cytogenetic analyses, using GTG banding and FISH (fluorescence in situ hybridization), revealed the presence of complex structural rearrangement involving r(11), add(12)(p13), der(5) and der(13). CONCLUSIONS Molecular cytogenetic analysis is suitable for better identification and characterization of chromosomal rearrangements in AML. Case reports like this, as well as population-based studies, are necessary for understanding the karyotypic changes that occur in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Helena Faria Ornellas
- Associate Professor, Pathology Service, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro (UERJ), Rio de Janeiro (RJ), Brazil.
| | | | - Stella Beatriz Sampaio Gonçalves de Lucena
- Associate Professor, Hematology Service, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro (UERJ), and Postdoctoral Research, Research Coordination, Instituto Nacional de Câncer (INCA), Rio de Janeiro (RJ), Brazil.
| | - Elenice Ferreira Bastos
- Biologist, Hematology Department, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro (UERJ), and Supervisor, Medical Genetics Department, Instituto Fernandes Figueira (IFF), Rio de Janeiro (RJ), Brazil.
| | - Tatiana Silva Chaves
- Biologist, Hematology Service, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro (UERJ), Rio de Janeiro (RJ), Brazil.
| | - Karina Vieira de Melo
- Medical Sciences Master’s Student, Hematology Service, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro (UERJ), Rio de Janeiro (RJ), Brazil.
| | - Marilza de Moura Ribeiro-Carvalho
- Biologist and Postdoctoral Researcher, Pathology Department, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro (UERJ), Rio de Janeiro (RJ), Brazil.
| | - Thomas Liehr
- Biologist and Head of Molecular Cytogenetics Laboratory, Jena University Hospital, Friedrich Schiller University, Institute of Human Genetics, Thüringen, Germany.
| | - Gilda Alves
- Biologist and Professor, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro (UERJ), and Researcher, Research Coordination, Instituto Nacional de Câncer (INCA), Rio de Janeiro (RJ), Brazil.
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6
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The Partial Duplication of the 5' Segment of KMT2A Revealed KMT2A- MLLT10 Rearrangement in a Boy with Acute Myeloid Leukemia. Case Rep Pediatr 2018; 2017:6257494. [PMID: 29445560 PMCID: PMC5763053 DOI: 10.1155/2017/6257494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2017] [Revised: 07/03/2017] [Accepted: 11/23/2017] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The duplication of 5' segment of KMT2A is a rare molecular event in childhood leukemia, and the influence on prognosis is unknown. Here, we report on a boy who developed acute monocytic leukemia. Fluorescence in situ hybridization revealed the duplication of the 5' segment with 2 normal alleles at KMT2A which was eventually found to be fused with MLLT10. Chemotherapy promptly induced the first complete remission in the patient at our facility, and the patient remained in first complete remission with negative minimal residual disease at 3.5 years from diagnosis. Our case is similar to two previously reported patients who had partial duplication of the 5' segment of KMT2A with a KMT2A-MLLT10 rearrangement. Further studies and experience with this cryptic translocation may shed more light on the management of acute myeloid leukemia.
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7
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Wang Q, Zhuang L, Li P, Niu Q, Zhu P, He MX, Jiang H, Liu CC, Wang MJ, Chen L, Cheng H, Ma Y, Hu XX, Hu YP, Xu XP. Establishment of a novel human lymphoblastic cell strain with the long arm of chromosome 11 aberration without MLL rearrangement. Sci Rep 2017; 7:867. [PMID: 28408741 PMCID: PMC5429836 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-00874-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2017] [Accepted: 03/20/2017] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
At present, all cell strains derived from acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) patients with the long arm of chromosome 11 aberration are accompanied with mixed lineage leukemia (MLL) gene rearrangement. In this study, we established a permanent ALL cell strain CHH-1 with the long arm of chromosome 11 aberration and without MLL rearrangement, hoping that it could be used for the research of ALL with such genetic abnormality. CHH-1 cell strain was certified through morphology, immunophenotype, genetics and immunoglobulin (Ig) gene rearrangement analysis. Cell characteristics including tumorigenic ability, semisolid colony forming ability, telomerase activity, autocrine and invasion were further detected. Cells were with an add(11)(q23) structural abnormality without MLL rearrangement, and were consistent with the genetic abnormality of the patient. In addition, these cells had features of tumor-forming ability, high colony forming capacity, unique cytokine autocrine mode, high telomerase activity, and high invasion ability. CHH-1 may prove to be a useful cell model for the research of human leukemia with genetic aberration in chromosome 11, and help explore the role of such genetic abnormality in the pathogenesis, progression and prognosis of ALL, and in developing new target drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Wang
- Department of Hematology, HuaShan Hospital Affiliated of FuDan University, No. 12 Middle WuLumuqi Road, Shanghai, 200040, P.R. China
| | - Lin Zhuang
- Department of Hematology, HuaShan Hospital Affiliated of FuDan University, No. 12 Middle WuLumuqi Road, Shanghai, 200040, P.R. China
| | - Pei Li
- Department of Hematology, HuaShan Hospital Affiliated of FuDan University, No. 12 Middle WuLumuqi Road, Shanghai, 200040, P.R. China
| | - Qiang Niu
- Department of Hematology, HuaShan Hospital Affiliated of FuDan University, No. 12 Middle WuLumuqi Road, Shanghai, 200040, P.R. China
| | - Ping Zhu
- Department of Hematology, HuaShan Hospital Affiliated of FuDan University, No. 12 Middle WuLumuqi Road, Shanghai, 200040, P.R. China
| | - Miao-Xia He
- Department of Pathology, ChangHai Hospital Affiliated of Second Military Medical University, No. 168 Changhai Road, Shanghai, 200433, P.R. China
| | - Hui Jiang
- Department of Pathology, ChangHai Hospital Affiliated of Second Military Medical University, No. 168 Changhai Road, Shanghai, 200433, P.R. China
| | - Chang-Cheng Liu
- Department of Cell Biology, Second Military Medical University, No. 800 Xiangyin Road, Shanghai, 200433, P.R. China
| | - Min-Jun Wang
- Department of Cell Biology, Second Military Medical University, No. 800 Xiangyin Road, Shanghai, 200433, P.R. China
| | - Li Chen
- Department of Hematology, ChangHai Hospital Affiliated of Second Military Medical University, No. 168 Changhai Road, Shanghai, 200433, P.R. China
| | - Hui Cheng
- Department of Hematology, ChangHai Hospital Affiliated of Second Military Medical University, No. 168 Changhai Road, Shanghai, 200433, P.R. China
| | - Yan Ma
- Department of Hematology, HuaShan Hospital Affiliated of FuDan University, No. 12 Middle WuLumuqi Road, Shanghai, 200040, P.R. China
| | - Xiao-Xia Hu
- Department of Hematology, ChangHai Hospital Affiliated of Second Military Medical University, No. 168 Changhai Road, Shanghai, 200433, P.R. China
| | - Yi-Ping Hu
- Department of Cell Biology, Second Military Medical University, No. 800 Xiangyin Road, Shanghai, 200433, P.R. China.
| | - Xiao-Ping Xu
- Department of Hematology, HuaShan Hospital Affiliated of FuDan University, No. 12 Middle WuLumuqi Road, Shanghai, 200040, P.R. China.
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Angelova S, Spassov B, Nikolova V, Christov I, Tzvetkov N, Simeonova M. Is amplification of c-MYC, MLL and RUNX1 genes in AML and MDS patients with trisomy 8, 11 and 21 a factor for a clonal evolution in the karyotype? CYTOL GENET+ 2015. [DOI: 10.3103/s0095452715030032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Tang G, DiNardo C, Zhang L, Ravandi F, Khoury JD, Huh YO, Muzzafar T, Medeiros LJ, Wang SA, Bueso-Ramos CE. MLL gene amplification in acute myeloid leukemia and myelodysplastic syndromes is associated with characteristic clinicopathological findings and TP53 gene mutation. Hum Pathol 2015; 46:65-73. [PMID: 25387813 DOI: 10.1016/j.humpath.2014.09.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2014] [Revised: 09/15/2014] [Accepted: 09/17/2014] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
MLL gene rearrangements are well-recognized aberrations in acute myeloid leukemia (AML) and myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS). In contrast, MLL gene amplification in AML/MDS remains poorly characterized. Here, we report a series of 21 patients with myeloid neoplasms associated with MLL gene amplification from 1 institution. This series included 13 men and 8 women, with a median age of 64 years. Eleven patients presented as AML with myelodysplasia-related changes, 6 as therapy-related AML, and 4 as therapy-related MDS. All patients had a highly complex karyotype, including frequent -5/del(5q), -18, and -17/del(17p) abnormalities; 16 patients were hypodiploid. TP53 mutations were detected in all 12 patients tested, and 3 patients showed TP53 mutation before MLL amplification. Morphologically, the leukemic cells frequently showed cytoplasmic vacuoles, bilobed nuclei, and were associated with background dyspoiesis. Immunophenotypically, 15 patients had a myeloid and 4 had myelomonocytic immunophenotype. Laboratory coagulopathies were common; 7 patients developed disseminated intravascular coagulopathy, and 3 died of intracranial bleeding. All patients were refractory to therapy; the median overall survival was 1 month, after MLL gene amplification was detected. We concluded that AML/MDS with MLL gene amplification is likely a subset of therapy-related AML/MDS or AML with myelodysplasia-related changes, associated with distinct clinicopathological features, frequent disseminated intravascular coagulopathy, a highly complex karyotype, TP53 deletion/mutation, and an aggressive clinical course.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guilin Tang
- Department of Hematopathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA.
| | - Courtney DiNardo
- Department of Leukemia, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Liping Zhang
- Department of Hematopathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Farhad Ravandi
- Department of Leukemia, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Joseph D Khoury
- Department of Hematopathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Yang O Huh
- Department of Hematopathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Tariq Muzzafar
- Department of Hematopathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - L Jeffrey Medeiros
- Department of Hematopathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Sa A Wang
- Department of Hematopathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Carlos E Bueso-Ramos
- Department of Hematopathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
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10
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Sarova I, Brezinova J, Zemanova Z, Bystricka D, Krejcik Z, Soukup P, Vydra J, Cermak J, Jonasova A, Michalova K. Characterization of chromosome 11 breakpoints and the areas of deletion and amplification in patients with newly diagnosed acute myeloid leukemia. Genes Chromosomes Cancer 2013; 52:619-35. [PMID: 23580398 DOI: 10.1002/gcc.22058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2012] [Accepted: 02/24/2013] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Chromosome 11 abnormalities are found in many hematological malignancies. In acute myeloid leukemia (AML), a proto-oncogene MLL (11q23.3) is frequently altered. However, rearrangements involving other regions of chromosome 11 have been reported. Therefore, we have characterized the chromosome 11 breakpoints and common deleted and amplified areas in the bone marrow or peripheral blood cells of newly diagnosed patients with AML. Using molecular-cytogenetic methods (multicolor fluorescence in situ hybridization (mFISH), multicolor banding (mBAND), microarrays, and FISH with bacterial artificial chromosome (BAC) probes, chromosome 11 abnormalities were delineated in 54 out of 300 (18%) newly diagnosed AML patients. At least 36 different chromosome 11 breakpoints were identified; two were recurrent (11p15.4 in the NUP98 gene and 11q23.3 in the MLL gene), and three were possibly nonrandom: 11p13 (ch11:29.31-31.80 Mb), 11p12 (ch11:36.75-37.49 Mb) and 11q13.2 (68.31-68.52 Mb). One new MLL gene rearrangement is also described. No commonly deleted region of chromosome 11 was identified. However, some regions were affected more often: 11pter-11p15.5 (n = 4; ch11:0-3.52 Mb), 11p14.1-11p13 (n = 4; ch11:28.00-31.00 Mb) and 11p13 (n = 4; ch11:31.00-31.50 Mb). One commonly duplicated (3 copies) region was identified in chromosomal band 11q23.3-11q24 (n = 9; ch11:118.35-125.00 Mb). In all eight cases of 11q amplification (>3 copies), only the 5' part of the MLL gene was affected. This study highlights several chromosome 11 loci that might be important for the leukemogeneic process in AML.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iveta Sarova
- Cytogenetic Department, Institute of Hematology and Blood Transfusion, Prague, Czech Republic.
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11
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Haltrich I, Csóka M, Kovács G, Török D, Alpár D, Ottoffy G, Fekete G. Six cases of rare gene amplifications and multiple copy of fusion gene in childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Pathol Oncol Res 2013; 19:123-8. [PMID: 22528566 DOI: 10.1007/s12253-012-9533-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2011] [Accepted: 04/08/2012] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Cytogenetic aberrations are very important factors in risk assessment of childhood hematological malignancies. We report six childhood acute lymphoid leukemia (ALL) cases with rare cytogenetic aberrations: five with RUNX1, ABL1 or MLL proto-oncogene amplification and one case of multiple copies of ETV6/RUNX1 fusion genes. The simultaneous presence of two adverse genetic aberrations is of special interest: ETV6-RUNX1 fusion gene is associated with good prognosis and intrachromosomal amplification of the homologue RUNX1 gene is associated with poor prognosis. We also report a patient with MLL amplification, a unique finding in childhood T-ALL. Report of these subtle rearrangements contributes to our understanding of diagnostic and prognostic significance of these rare cytogenetic abnormalities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irén Haltrich
- 2nd Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Semmelweis University, 1094 Budapest, Tűzoltó utca 7-9, Hungary.
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12
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Bajpai M, Aviv H, Das KM. Prolonged exposure to acid and bile induces chromosome abnormalities that precede malignant transformation of benign Barrett's epithelium. Mol Cytogenet 2012. [PMID: 23194200 PMCID: PMC3564717 DOI: 10.1186/1755-8166-5-43] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract Barrett’s esophagus (BE) is an asymptomatic, pre-malignant condition of the esophagus that can progress to esophageal adenocarcinoma (EAC). BE arises typically in individuals with long-standing gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD). The neoplastic progression of BE has been extensively studied histologically and defined as a metaplasia- dyplasia- carcinoma sequence. However the genetic basis of this process is poorly understood. It is conceived that preclinical models of BE may facilitate discovery of molecular markers due to ease of longitudinal sampling. Clinical markers to stratify the patients at higher risk are vital to institute appropriate therapeutic intervention since EAC has very poor prognosis. We developed a dynamic in-vitro BE carcinogenesis (BEC) model by exposing naïve Barrett’s epithelium cell line (BAR-T) to acid and bile at pH4 (B4), 5min/day for a year. The BEC model acquired malignant characteristics after chronic repeated exposure to B4 similar to the sequential progression of BE to EAC in vivo. Aim To study cytogenetic changes during progressive transformation in the BEC model. Results We observed that the BAR-T cells progressively acquired several chromosomal abnormalities in the BEC model. Evidence of chromosomal loss (-Y) rearrangements [t(10;16) and dup (11q)] and clonal selection appeared during the early stages of the BEC model. Clonal selection resulted in a stabilized monoclonal population of cells that had a changed morphology and formed colony in soft agar. BAR-T cells grown in parallel without any exposure did not show any of these abnormalities. Conclusions Prolonged acid and bile exposure induced chromosomal aberrations and clonal selection in benign BAR-T cells. Since aneuploidy preceded morphological/dysplastic changes in the BEC model, chromosomal aberrations may be an early predictor of BE progression. The [t(10;16) and dup(11q)] aberrations identified in this study harbor several genes associated with cancer and may be responsible for neoplastic behavior of cells. After further validation, in-vivo, they may be clinically useful for diagnosis of BE, progressing to dysplasia/esophageal adenocarcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manisha Bajpai
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, UMDNJ-Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, 1 Robert Wood Johnson Place, New Brunswick, NJ, 08903, USA.
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Acute myeloid leukemia with minimal differentiation: Unusual cytogenetics, morphology, phenotype and clinical course. Leuk Res 2012; 36:e133-6. [DOI: 10.1016/j.leukres.2012.03.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2011] [Revised: 02/28/2012] [Accepted: 03/12/2012] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
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Abstract
Lymphoblastic lymphoma is the second most common type of non-Hodgkin lymphoma seen in children. Approximately, 90% of lymphoblastic lymphomas arise from T cells, with the remaining 10% being B-cell-lineage derived. Although T-cell lymphoblastic lymphoma most frequently occurs in the anterior mediastinum (thymus), B-cell lymphoblastic lymphoma (B-LBL) predominates in extranodal sites such as skin and bone. Here, we describe a pediatric B-LBL patient who presented with extensive abdominal involvement and whose lymphoma cells displayed segmental duplication of the mixed lineage leukemia (MLL) gene. MLL duplication/amplification has been described primarily in acute myeloid leukemia and myelodysplastic syndrome with no published reports of discrete MLL duplication/amplification events in B-LBL. The MLL gene duplication noted in this case may represent a novel mechanism for tumorigenesis in B-LBL.
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