1
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Zhou Q, Fu Y, Wen L, Deng Y, Chen J, Liu K. XPD Polymorphisms and Risk of Hepatocellular Carcinoma and Gastric Cancer: A Meta-Analysis. Technol Cancer Res Treat 2021; 20:1533033821990046. [PMID: 33517857 PMCID: PMC7871355 DOI: 10.1177/1533033821990046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Cancer is associated with genetic variants of DNA repair genes that alter DNA
repair capacity. The aim of this meta-analysis was to evaluate the relations
between the rs13181 and rs1799793 XPD gene polymorphisms and risk for
hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and gastric cancer. Methods: Relevant publications were systematically sought from Web of Science, Pubmed,
and China Academic Journals Full-text Database. The selection of eligible
studies was performed by 2 independent authors. A total of 32 case-control
studies were included. Meta-analyses were undertaken in all study
participants and each ethnic group. Results: The risk of HCC was significantly increased with the XPD rs13181 G allele (P
= 0.028, pooled odds ratio (OR) = 1.36, 95% confidence interval (CI) =
1.03-1.80) in all study participants. A subgroup analysis by ethnicity
showed that the association was significant in Chinese (P = 0.009, pooled OR
= 1.49, 95% CI = 1.11-2.02), but not in Caucasians (P = 0.619, pooled OR =
1.17, 95% CI = 0.64-2.13). Meta-analysis of the XPD rs1799793 polymorphism
and HCC showed an association between its variant T allele and increased HCC
risk in all study participants (P = 0.017, pooled OR = 1.23, 95% CI =
1.04-1.46, all Chinese). Our results showed no associations between the XPD
rs13181 G allele and rs1799793 T allele and gastric cancer risk (rs13181: P
= 0.298, pooled OR = 1.10, 95% CI = 0.92-1.31; rs1799793: P = 0.068, pooled
OR = 1.31, 95% CI = 0.98-1.74). Conclusions: This meta-analysis demonstrated that the XPD rs13181 G allele and rs1799793 T
allele have significant associations with HCC and may be risk factors for
HCC in the Chinese population. Current evidence indicated that they are not
related to gastric cancer risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiang Zhou
- Department of Hepatology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Yu Fu
- Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Lijia Wen
- Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Yu Deng
- Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Junhong Chen
- Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Kai Liu
- Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
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2
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Wu H, Li S, Hu X, Qin W, Wang Y, Sun T, Wu Z, Wang X, Lu S, Xu D, Li Y, Guan S, Zhao H, Yao W, Liu M, Wei M. Associations of mRNA expression of DNA repair genes and genetic polymorphisms with cancer risk: a bioinformatics analysis and meta-analysis. J Cancer 2019; 10:3593-3607. [PMID: 31333776 PMCID: PMC6636297 DOI: 10.7150/jca.30975] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2018] [Accepted: 05/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
A systematical bioinformatics and meta-analysis were carried out to establish our understanding of possible relationships between DNA repair genes and the development of cancer. The bioinformatics analysis confirmed that lower XPA and XPC levels and higher XPD, XPF, and WRN levels were observed in 19 types of cancer, and subsequently results indicated that elevated XPA and XPC had a better impact on overall survival, however, higher XPD, XPF, and WRN showed worse influence on cancer prognosis. The meta-analysis included 58 eligible studies demonstrated that harboring XPA rs10817938, XPD rs238406 increased overall cancer risk, however, XPA rs2808668 SNP in overall cancer analysis and XPF rs3136038 in the digestive system remarkably reduced the cancer risk. Moreover, no correlation was investigated for XPC rs1870134, WRN rs1346044 and rs1801195. These suggest that the DNA repair gene was associated with carcinogenesis, and contribute to the prognosis, and the critical SNPs further involved in affecting cancer risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huizhe Wu
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Liaoning Key Laboratory of Molecular Targeted Anti-Tumor Drug Development and Evaluation, China Medical University, Shenyang, 110122, P. R. China
| | - Shanqiong Li
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Liaoning Key Laboratory of Molecular Targeted Anti-Tumor Drug Development and Evaluation, China Medical University, Shenyang, 110122, P. R. China
| | - Xiaoyun Hu
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Liaoning Key Laboratory of Molecular Targeted Anti-Tumor Drug Development and Evaluation, China Medical University, Shenyang, 110122, P. R. China
| | - Wenyan Qin
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Liaoning Key Laboratory of Molecular Targeted Anti-Tumor Drug Development and Evaluation, China Medical University, Shenyang, 110122, P. R. China
| | - Yilin Wang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Liaoning Key Laboratory of Molecular Targeted Anti-Tumor Drug Development and Evaluation, China Medical University, Shenyang, 110122, P. R. China
| | - Tong Sun
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Liaoning Key Laboratory of Molecular Targeted Anti-Tumor Drug Development and Evaluation, China Medical University, Shenyang, 110122, P. R. China.,Department of Anorectal Surgery, First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, 110001, P. R. China.,Department of Breast Surgery, First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, 110001, P. R. China
| | - Zhikun Wu
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Liaoning Key Laboratory of Molecular Targeted Anti-Tumor Drug Development and Evaluation, China Medical University, Shenyang, 110122, P. R. China
| | - Xiufang Wang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Liaoning Key Laboratory of Molecular Targeted Anti-Tumor Drug Development and Evaluation, China Medical University, Shenyang, 110122, P. R. China
| | - Senxu Lu
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Liaoning Key Laboratory of Molecular Targeted Anti-Tumor Drug Development and Evaluation, China Medical University, Shenyang, 110122, P. R. China
| | - Dongping Xu
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Liaoning Key Laboratory of Molecular Targeted Anti-Tumor Drug Development and Evaluation, China Medical University, Shenyang, 110122, P. R. China
| | - Yalun Li
- Department of Anorectal Surgery, First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, 110001, P. R. China
| | - Shu Guan
- Department of Breast Surgery, First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, 110001, P. R. China
| | - Haishan Zhao
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Liaoning Key Laboratory of Molecular Targeted Anti-Tumor Drug Development and Evaluation, China Medical University, Shenyang, 110122, P. R. China
| | - Weifan Yao
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Liaoning Key Laboratory of Molecular Targeted Anti-Tumor Drug Development and Evaluation, China Medical University, Shenyang, 110122, P. R. China
| | - Mingyan Liu
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Liaoning Key Laboratory of Molecular Targeted Anti-Tumor Drug Development and Evaluation, China Medical University, Shenyang, 110122, P. R. China
| | - Minjie Wei
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Liaoning Key Laboratory of Molecular Targeted Anti-Tumor Drug Development and Evaluation, China Medical University, Shenyang, 110122, P. R. China
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3
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Tong Y, Xiang Y, Li B, Bao S, Zhou Y, Yuan W, Ling Y, Hao D, Zhu H, Sun Z. Association of ERCC2 Gene Polymorphisms with Susceptibility to Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma. Med Sci Monit 2018; 24:7015-7022. [PMID: 30279407 PMCID: PMC6179170 DOI: 10.12659/msm.908813] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The objective of this study was to detect the association between ERCC excision repair 2, TFIIH core complex helicase subunit (ERCC2) gene polymorphisms and diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) susceptibility. MATERIAL AND METHODS This study used a case-control design. ERCC2 gene rs1799793 (Asp312Asn) and rs13181 (Lys751Gln) polymorphisms were genotyped by polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) both in DLBCL patients and healthy controls. The association between ERCC2 gene polymorphisms and DLBCL risk was assessed by χ² test. Odds ratios (ORs) with corresponding 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs) were used to address the association strength. Subgroup analyses were also performed to investigate the genetic effects of ERCC2 polymorphisms on clinical characteristics of DLBCL patients. RESULTS A significant association was discovered between the rs1799793 A allele and increased DLBCL risk (P=0.031, OR=1.928, 95% CI=1.052-3.534). The C allele of rs13181 was obviously associated with elevated DLBCL susceptibility (P=0.047, OR=1.820, 95% CI=1.002-3.305). The subgroup analysis demonstrated that rs1799793 and rs13181 polymorphisms had no relationship with serum lactate dehydrogenase level, nidus number, B-symptoms, Ann Arbor stages, or immunological types in DLBCL cases (P>0.05 for all). CONCLUSIONS Minor allele carriers of ERCC2 gene rs1799793 (Asp312Asn) and rs13181 (Lys751Gln) polymorphisms had higher susceptibility to DLBCL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong Tong
- Department of Hematology, Shenzhen Hospital, Southern Medical University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China (mainland)
| | - Yinzhou Xiang
- Department of Otolaryngology, China Three Gorges University People's Hospital, Yichang, Hubei, China (mainland)
| | - Bao Li
- Department of Hematopathology, The University of Hong Kong-Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China (mainland)
| | - Shijie Bao
- Department of Hematology, Shenzhen Hospital, Southern Medical University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China (mainland)
| | - Ying Zhou
- Department of Hematology, Shenzhen Hospital, Southern Medical University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China (mainland)
| | - Wen Yuan
- Department of Hematology, Shenzhen Hospital, Southern Medical University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China (mainland)
| | - Yu Ling
- Department of Hematology, Shenzhen Hospital, Southern Medical University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China (mainland)
| | - Dan Hao
- Department of Hematology, Shenzhen Hospital, Southern Medical University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China (mainland)
| | - Huamin Zhu
- Department of Hematology, Shenzhen Hospital, Southern Medical University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China (mainland)
| | - Zhiqiang Sun
- Department of Hematology, Shenzhen Hospital, Southern Medical University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China (mainland)
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4
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Xiao F, Pu J, Wen Q, Huang Q, Zhang Q, Huang B, Huang S, Lan A, Zhang Y, Li J, Zhao D, Shen J, Wu H, He Y, Li H, Yang X. Association between the ERCC2 Asp312Asn polymorphism and risk of cancer. Oncotarget 2018; 8:48488-48506. [PMID: 28489582 PMCID: PMC5564664 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.17290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2016] [Accepted: 04/04/2017] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer is the leading cause of death in economically developed countries and the second leading cause of death in developing countries. The relationship between genetic polymorphisms and the risk of cancers has been widely researched. Excision repair cross-complementing group 2 (ERCC2) gene plays important roles in the nucleotide excision repair pathway. There is contrasting evidence on the association between the ERCC2 Asp312Asn polymorphism and the risk of cancer. We conducted a comprehensive meta-analysis in order to assess the correlation between these factors. We searched the PubMed, EMBASE, Science Direct, Web of Science, and CNKI databases for studies published from January 1, 2005 to January 1, 2016. Finally, 86 articles with 38,848 cases and 48,928 controls were included in the analysis. The overall analysis suggested a significant association between the ERCC2 Asp312Asn polymorphism and cancer risk. Furthermore, control source, ethnicity, genotyping method, and cancer type were used for subgroup analysis. The result of a trial sequential analysis indicated that the cumulative evidence is adequate; hence, further trials were unnecessary in the overall analysis for homozygote comparison. In summary, our results suggested that ERCC2 Asp312Asn polymorphism is associated with increased cancer risk. A significantly increased cancer risk was observed in Asian populations, but not in Caucasian populations. Furthermore, the ERCC2 Asp312Asn polymorphism is associated with bladder, esophageal, and gastric cancers, but not with breast, head and neck, lung, prostate, and skin cancers, and non-Hodgkin lymphoma. Further multi-center, well-designed studies are required to validate our results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feifan Xiao
- Medical Scientific Research Center, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, P.R. China.,First Clinical Academy, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, P.R. China
| | - Jian Pu
- Liver and Gall Surgical Department, The Affiliated Hospital of Youjiang Medical College for Nationalities, Baise, Guangxi, P.R. China
| | - Qiongxian Wen
- School of Nursing, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guilin Medical University, Guilin, Guangxi, P.R. China
| | - Qin Huang
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Chemistry and Engineering of Forest Products, Guangxi University for Nationalities, Nanning, Guangxi, P.R. China
| | - Qinle Zhang
- Genetic and Metabolic Central Laboratory, The Maternal and Children Health Hospital of Guangxi, Nanning, Guangxi, P.R. China
| | - Birong Huang
- Medical Scientific Research Center, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, P.R. China.,First Clinical Academy, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, P.R. China
| | - Shanshan Huang
- Medical Scientific Research Center, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, P.R. China.,First Clinical Academy, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, P.R. China
| | - Aihua Lan
- Medical Scientific Research Center, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, P.R. China.,First Clinical Academy, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, P.R. China
| | - Yuening Zhang
- Medical Scientific Research Center, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, P.R. China
| | - Jiatong Li
- Medical Scientific Research Center, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, P.R. China
| | - Dong Zhao
- Medical Scientific Research Center, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, P.R. China
| | - Jing Shen
- Medical Scientific Research Center, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, P.R. China
| | - Huayu Wu
- Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, School of Premedical Sciences, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, P.R. China
| | - Yan He
- Geriatrics Cardiology Division, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, P.R. China
| | - Hongtao Li
- Medical Scientific Research Center, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, P.R. China
| | - Xiaoli Yang
- Medical Scientific Research Center, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, P.R. China
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5
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Zhang Y, Cao J, Meng Y, Qu C, Shen F, Xu L. Overexpression of xeroderma pigmentosum group C decreases the chemotherapeutic sensitivity of colorectal carcinoma cells to cisplatin. Oncol Lett 2018; 15:6336-6344. [PMID: 29616110 PMCID: PMC5876430 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2018.8127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2016] [Accepted: 11/20/2017] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Xeroderma pigmentosum group C (XPC) is a DNA-damage-recognition gene active at the early stage of DNA repair. XPC also participates in regulation of cell-cycle checkpoint and DNA-damage-induced apoptosis. In the present study, the expression levels of genes involved in nucleotide excision repair (NER) were assessed in human colorectal cancer (CRC) tissue. This analysis revealed that expression of XPC mRNA significantly increased in colorectal carcinoma tissues compared with matched normal controls. Expression of XPC gradually increased along with the degree of progression of CRC. In vitro, an XTT assay demonstrated that small interfering RNA (siRNA) targeting XPC significantly increased the sensitivity of CRC SW480 cells to cisplatin, whereas cells transfected with a XPC-overexpression plasmid became more resistant to cisplatin. Furthermore, flow cytometry revealed that the proportion of apoptotic cells significantly increased in XPC-knockdown cells upon cisplatin treatment. However, the overexpression XPC significantly increased the resistance of cells to cisplatin. In vivo, tumor growth was significantly reduced in tumor-bearing mice when the XPC gene was knocked down. Upregulation of the expression of pro-apoptotic Bcl-associated X and downregulation of the anti-apoptotic B-cell lymphoma 2 proteins was observed in the implanted tumor tissue. In conclusion, XPC serves a key role in chemotherapeutic sensitivity of CRC to cisplatin, meaning that it may be a potential target for chemotherapy of CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Zhang
- Department of Digestive Endoscopic Diagnosis and Treatment, Xinhua Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai 200092, P.R. China
| | - Jia Cao
- Department of Digestive Endoscopic Diagnosis and Treatment, Xinhua Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai 200092, P.R. China
| | - Yanni Meng
- Department of Digestive Endoscopic Diagnosis and Treatment, Xinhua Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai 200092, P.R. China
| | - Chunying Qu
- Department of Digestive Endoscopic Diagnosis and Treatment, Xinhua Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai 200092, P.R. China
| | - Feng Shen
- Department of Digestive Endoscopic Diagnosis and Treatment, Xinhua Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai 200092, P.R. China
| | - Leiming Xu
- Department of Digestive Endoscopic Diagnosis and Treatment, Xinhua Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai 200092, P.R. China
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Romanowicz H, Michalska MM, Samulak D, Malinowski J, Szaflik T, Bieńkiewicz J, Smolarz B. Association of R156R single nucleotide polymorphism of the ERCC2 gene with the susceptibility to ovarian cancer. Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol 2017; 208:36-40. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejogrb.2016.11.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2016] [Revised: 11/11/2016] [Accepted: 11/13/2016] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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7
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Single nucleotide polymorphisms in DNA repair genes and putative cancer risk. Arch Toxicol 2016; 90:2369-88. [PMID: 27334373 DOI: 10.1007/s00204-016-1771-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2016] [Accepted: 06/15/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) are the most frequent type of genetic alterations between individuals. An SNP located within the coding sequence of a gene may lead to an amino acid substitution and in turn might alter protein function. Such a change in protein sequence could be functionally relevant and therefore might be associated with susceptibility to human diseases, such as cancer. DNA repair mechanisms are known to play an important role in cancer development, as shown in various human cancer syndromes, which arise due to mutations in DNA repair genes. This leads to the question whether subtle genetic changes such as SNPs in DNA repair genes may contribute to cancer susceptibility. In numerous epidemiological studies, efforts have been made to associate specific SNPs in DNA repair genes with altered DNA repair and cancer. The present review describes some of the common and most extensively studied SNPs in DNA repair genes and discusses whether they are functionally relevant and subsequently increase the likelihood that cancer will develop.
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8
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Chen S, Zhu JH, Wang F, Huang SY, Xue WQ, Cui Z, He J, Jia WH. Association of the Asp312Asn and Lys751Gln polymorphisms in the XPD gene with the risk of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma: evidence from a meta-analysis. CHINESE JOURNAL OF CANCER 2015; 34:108-14. [PMID: 25962431 PMCID: PMC4593373 DOI: 10.1186/s40880-015-0001-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 308] [Impact Index Per Article: 34.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2014] [Accepted: 11/25/2014] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Polymorphisms in DNA repair genes may alter DNA repair capacity and, consequently, lead to genetic instability and carcinogenesis. Several studies have investigated the association of the Asp312Asn and Lys751Gln polymorphisms in the xeroderma pigmentosum complementation group D (XPD) gene with the risk of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL), but the conclusions have been inconsistent. Therefore, we performed this meta-analysis to more precisely estimate these relationships. A systematic literature search was performed using the PubMed, Embase, and Chinese Biomedical (CBM) databases. Ultimately, 6 studies of Asp312Asn, comprising 3,095 cases and 3,306 controls, and 7 studies of Lys751Gln, consisting of 3,249 cases and 3,676 controls, were included. Pooled odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated to assess the strength of each association. Overall, no association was observed between the Asp312Asn polymorphism and NHL risk (homozygous: OR = 1.11, 95% CI = 0.94-1.32; heterozygous: OR = 1.00, 95% CI = 0.89-1.11; recessive: OR = 1.12, 95% CI = 0.95-1.31; dominant: OR = 1.02, 95% CI = 0.92-1.13; and allele comparison: OR = 1.04, 95% CI = 0.96-1.12) or between the Lys751Gln polymorphism and NHL risk (homozygous: OR = 0.97, 95% CI = 0.83-1.15; heterozygous: OR = 0.96, 95% CI = 0.86-1.06; recessive: OR = 1.00, 95% CI = 0.86-1.16; dominant: OR = 0.96, 95% CI = 0.87-1.06; and allele comparison: OR = 0.98, 95% CI = 0.91-1.05). Furthermore, subgroup analyses did not reveal any association between these polymorphisms and ethnicity, the source of the controls, or the NHL subtype. These results indicated that neither the Asp312Asn nor Lys751Gln XPD polymorphism was related to NHL risk. Large and well-designed prospective studies are required to confirm this finding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shen Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Department of Experimental Research, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, 651 Dongfeng Road East, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510060, P. R. China.
| | - Jin-Hong Zhu
- Molecular Epidemiology Lab and Laboratory Medicine, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin, Heilongjiang, 150040, P. R. China.
| | - Fang Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Department of Experimental Research, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, 651 Dongfeng Road East, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510060, P. R. China.
| | - Shao-Yi Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Department of Experimental Research, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, 651 Dongfeng Road East, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510060, P. R. China.
| | - Wen-Qiong Xue
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Department of Experimental Research, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, 651 Dongfeng Road East, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510060, P. R. China.
| | - Zhuo Cui
- Department of Statistics, University of California, Berkeley, CA, 94702, USA.
| | - Jing He
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Department of Experimental Research, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, 651 Dongfeng Road East, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510060, P. R. China.
| | - Wei-Hua Jia
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Department of Experimental Research, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, 651 Dongfeng Road East, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510060, P. R. China.
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9
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Zhou JY, He LW, Liu J, Yu HL, Wei M, Ma WL, Shi R. Comprehensive Assessment of Associations between ERCC2 Lys751Gln/Asp312Asn Polymorphisms and Risk of Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev 2014; 15:9347-53. [DOI: 10.7314/apjcp.2014.15.21.9347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
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10
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Rendleman J, Antipin Y, Reva B, Adaniel C, Przybylo JA, Dutra-Clarke A, Hansen N, Heguy A, Huberman K, Borsu L, Paltiel O, Ben-Yehuda D, Brown JR, Freedman AS, Sander C, Zelenetz A, Klein RJ, Shao Y, Lacher M, Vijai J, Offit K, Kirchhoff T. Genetic variation in DNA repair pathways and risk of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. PLoS One 2014; 9:e101685. [PMID: 25010664 PMCID: PMC4092067 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0101685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2013] [Accepted: 06/10/2014] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Molecular and genetic evidence suggests that DNA repair pathways may contribute to lymphoma susceptibility. Several studies have examined the association of DNA repair genes with lymphoma risk, but the findings from these reports have been inconsistent. Here we provide the results of a focused analysis of genetic variation in DNA repair genes and their association with the risk of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL). With a population of 1,297 NHL cases and 1,946 controls, we have performed a two-stage case/control association analysis of 446 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) tagging the genetic variation in 81 DNA repair genes. We found the most significant association with NHL risk in the ATM locus for rs227060 (OR = 1.27, 95% CI: 1.13-1.43, p = 6.77×10(-5)), which remained significant after adjustment for multiple testing. In a subtype-specific analysis, associations were also observed for the ATM locus among both diffuse large B-cell lymphomas (DLBCL) and small lymphocytic lymphomas (SLL), however there was no association observed among follicular lymphomas (FL). In addition, our study provides suggestive evidence of an interaction between SNPs in MRE11A and NBS1 associated with NHL risk (OR = 0.51, 95% CI: 0.34-0.77, p = 0.0002). Finally, an imputation analysis using the 1,000 Genomes Project data combined with a functional prediction analysis revealed the presence of biologically relevant variants that correlate with the observed association signals. While the findings generated here warrant independent validation, the results of our large study suggest that ATM may be a novel locus associated with the risk of multiple subtypes of NHL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Justin Rendleman
- NYU School of Medicine, New York University, New York, New York, United States of America
| | - Yevgeniy Antipin
- Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York, United States of America
| | - Boris Reva
- Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York, United States of America
| | - Christina Adaniel
- NYU School of Medicine, New York University, New York, New York, United States of America
| | - Jennifer A. Przybylo
- Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York, United States of America
| | - Ana Dutra-Clarke
- Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York, United States of America
| | - Nichole Hansen
- Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York, United States of America
| | - Adriana Heguy
- Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York, United States of America
| | - Kety Huberman
- Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York, United States of America
| | - Laetitia Borsu
- Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York, United States of America
| | - Ora Paltiel
- Hadassah-Hebrew University Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Dina Ben-Yehuda
- Hadassah-Hebrew University Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Jennifer R. Brown
- Dana Farber Cancer Center, Harvard University, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Arnold S. Freedman
- Dana Farber Cancer Center, Harvard University, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Chris Sander
- Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York, United States of America
| | - Andrew Zelenetz
- Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York, United States of America
| | - Robert J. Klein
- Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York, United States of America
| | - Yongzhao Shao
- NYU School of Medicine, New York University, New York, New York, United States of America
| | - Mortimer Lacher
- Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York, United States of America
| | - Joseph Vijai
- Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York, United States of America
| | - Kenneth Offit
- Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York, United States of America
| | - Tomas Kirchhoff
- NYU School of Medicine, New York University, New York, New York, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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11
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Excision repair cross-complementing group 2/Xeroderma pigmentousm complementation group D (ERCC2/XPD) genetic variations and susceptibility to diffuse large B cell lymphoma in Egypt. Int J Hematol 2013; 98:681-6. [PMID: 24258710 DOI: 10.1007/s12185-013-1462-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2013] [Revised: 10/28/2013] [Accepted: 10/31/2013] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) is a genetically heterogeneous neoplasm. Although several genetic and environmental factors have been postulated, no obvious risk factors have been emerged for DLBCL in the general population. DNA repair systems are responsible for maintaining the integrity of the genome and protecting it against genetic alterations that can lead to malignant transformation. The current study aimed at investigating the possible role of ERCC2/XPD Arg156Arg, Asp312Asn and Lys751Gln genetic polymorphisms as risk factors for DLBCL in Egypt. The study included 81 DLBCL patients and 100 healthy controls. Genotyping of the studied genetic polymorphisms was performed by polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism technique. Our results revealed that there was no statistical difference encountered in the distribution of -Asp312Asn and -Lys751Gln polymorphic genotypes between DLBCL cases and controls, thus it could not considered as molecular risk factors for DLBCL in Egyptians. However, Arg156Arg polymorphism at exon-6 conferred twofold increased risk of DLBCL (OR 2.034, 95 %CI 1.015-4.35, p = 0.43), and the risk increased when co-inherited with Lys751Gln at exon-23 (OR 3.304, 95 %CI 1.113-9.812, p = 0.038). In conclusion, ERCC2/XPD Arg156Arg polymorphism might be considered as a genetic risk factor for DLBCL in Egyptians, whether alone or conjoined with Lys751Gln.
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12
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Chen Y, Zheng T, Lan Q, Kim C, Qin Q, Foss F, Chen X, Holford T, Leaderer B, Boyle P, Wang C, Dai M, Liu Z, Ma S, Chanock SJ, Rothman N, Zhang Y. Polymorphisms in DNA repair pathway genes, body mass index, and risk of non-Hodgkin lymphoma. Am J Hematol 2013; 88:606-11. [PMID: 23619945 DOI: 10.1002/ajh.23463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2013] [Revised: 03/21/2013] [Accepted: 04/11/2013] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
We conducted a population-based case-control study in Connecticut women to test the hypothesis that genetic variations in DNA repair pathway genes may modify the relationship between body mass index (BMI) and risk of non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL). Compared to those with BMI <25, women with BMI ≥25 had significantly increased risk of NHL among women who carried BRCA1 (rs799917) CT/TT, ERCC2 (rs13181) AA, XRCC1 (rs1799782) CC, and WRN (rs1801195) GG genotypes, but no increase in NHL risk among women who carried BRCA1 CC, ERCC2 AC/CC, XRCC1 CT/TT, and WRN GT/TT genotypes. A significant interaction with BMI was only observed for WRN (rs1801195; P = 0.004) for T-cell lymphoma and ERCC2 (rs13181; P = 0.002) for diffuse large B-cell lymphoma. The results suggest that common genetic variation in DNA repair pathway genes may modify the association between BMI and NHL risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingtai Chen
- Cancer Institute/Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences; Beijing People's Republic of China
- Yale University School of Public Health; New Haven Connecticut
| | - Tongzhang Zheng
- Yale University School of Public Health; New Haven Connecticut
| | - Qing Lan
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, Department of Health and Human Services; National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health; Rockville Maryland
| | - Christopher Kim
- Yale University School of Public Health; New Haven Connecticut
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, Department of Health and Human Services; National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health; Rockville Maryland
| | - Qin Qin
- Wise Laboratory of Environmental and Genetic Toxicology, University of Southern Maine; Portland Maine
| | - Francine Foss
- Yale University School of Medicine; New Haven Connecticut
| | - Xuezhong Chen
- Gansu Provincial Cancer Hospital; Lanzhou People's Republic of China
| | | | - Brian Leaderer
- Yale University School of Public Health; New Haven Connecticut
| | - Peter Boyle
- International Preventive Research Institute; Lyon France
| | - Chengfeng Wang
- Cancer Institute/Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences; Beijing People's Republic of China
| | - Min Dai
- Cancer Institute/Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences; Beijing People's Republic of China
| | - Zhenjiang Liu
- Gansu Provincial College of Chinese Medicine; Lanzhou People's Republic of China
| | - Shuangge Ma
- Yale University School of Public Health; New Haven Connecticut
| | - Stephen J. Chanock
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, Department of Health and Human Services; National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health; Rockville Maryland
- Core Genotyping Facility, Advanced Technology Center, National Cancer Institute, NIH, DHHS; Gaithersburg Maryland
| | - Nathaniel Rothman
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, Department of Health and Human Services; National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health; Rockville Maryland
| | - Yawei Zhang
- Yale University School of Public Health; New Haven Connecticut
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13
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Fabisiewicz A, Pacholewicz K, Paszkiewicz-Kozik E, Walewski J, Siedlecki JA. Polymorphisms of DNA repair and oxidative stress genes in B-cell lymphoma patients. Biomed Rep 2012; 1:151-155. [PMID: 24648912 DOI: 10.3892/br.2012.31] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2012] [Accepted: 10/10/2012] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
The purpose of the study was to investigate the possible association between ERCC2 rs28365048, ERCC5 rs17655, XRCC3 rs861539 and NOS2A rs2297518 polymorphisms with B-cell lymphoma. The study was conducted on 189 patients with CD20+ B-cell lymphoma and 193 controls. The genotype frequencies were compared in the patient and control groups using quantitative polymerase chain reaction, based on allelic discrimination analysis. Our results indicated that variation in NOS2A may be significant in B-cell lymphoma in a population ≥50 years old (OR=2.15; 95% CI, 1.17-3.92; P=0.013). No association was observed between variations in ERCC2, ERCC5, XRCC3 and B-cell lymphoma in the studied population. Our finding of an association between age and NOS2A polymorphisms in lymphoma is unique and requires additional studies. The results concerning ERCC2, ERCC5 and XRCC3 variations add additional data to studies on genetic polymorphisms in the DNA repair pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Ewa Paszkiewicz-Kozik
- Lymphoid Malignancies, The Maria Sklodowska-Curie Memorial Institute and Oncology Centre, PL-02-781 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Jan Walewski
- Lymphoid Malignancies, The Maria Sklodowska-Curie Memorial Institute and Oncology Centre, PL-02-781 Warsaw, Poland
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14
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Tirado CA, Chen W, García R, Kohlman KA, Rao N. Genomic profiling using array comparative genomic hybridization define distinct subtypes of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma: a review of the literature. J Hematol Oncol 2012; 5:54. [PMID: 22967872 PMCID: PMC3479011 DOI: 10.1186/1756-8722-5-54] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2012] [Accepted: 05/31/2012] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) is the most common type of non-Hodgkin Lymphoma comprising of greater than 30% of adult non-Hodgkin Lymphomas. DLBCL represents a diverse set of lymphomas, defined as diffuse proliferation of large B lymphoid cells. Numerous cytogenetic studies including karyotypes and fluorescent in situ hybridization (FISH), as well as morphological, biological, clinical, microarray and sequencing technologies have attempted to categorize DLBCL into morphological variants, molecular and immunophenotypic subgroups, as well as distinct disease entities. Despite such efforts, most lymphoma remains undistinguishable and falls into DLBCL, not otherwise specified (DLBCL-NOS). The advent of microarray-based studies (chromosome, RNA, gene expression, etc) has provided a plethora of high-resolution data that could potentially facilitate the finer classification of DLBCL. This review covers the microarray data currently published for DLBCL. We will focus on these types of data; 1) array based CGH; 2) classical CGH; and 3) gene expression profiling studies. The aims of this review were three-fold: (1) to catalog chromosome loci that are present in at least 20% or more of distinct DLBCL subtypes; a detailed list of gains and losses for different subtypes was generated in a table form to illustrate specific chromosome loci affected in selected subtypes; (2) to determine common and distinct copy number alterations among the different subtypes and based on this information, characteristic and similar chromosome loci for the different subtypes were depicted in two separate chromosome ideograms; and, (3) to list re-classified subtypes and those that remained indistinguishable after review of the microarray data. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first effort to compile and review available literatures on microarray analysis data and their practical utility in classifying DLBCL subtypes. Although conventional cytogenetic methods such as Karyotypes and FISH have played a major role in classification schemes of lymphomas, better classification models are clearly needed to further understanding the biology, disease outcome and therapeutic management of DLBCL. In summary, microarray data reviewed here can provide better subtype specific classifications models for DLBCL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos A Tirado
- Department of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine UCLA - David Geffen UCLA, School of Medicine, Los Angeles, USA.
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15
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Nowsheen S, Aziz K, Panayiotidis MI, Georgakilas AG. Molecular markers for cancer prognosis and treatment: have we struck gold? Cancer Lett 2011; 327:142-52. [PMID: 22120674 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2011.11.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2011] [Revised: 11/16/2011] [Accepted: 11/17/2011] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
The last decade has witnessed an emerging role for molecular or biochemical markers indicating a specific cellular mechanism or tissue function, often called 'biomarkers'. Biomarkers such as altered DNA, proteins and inflammatory cytokines are critical in cancer research and strategizing treatment in the clinic. In this review we look at the application of biological indicators to cancer research and highlight their roles in cancer detection and treatment. With technological advances in gene expression, genomic and proteomic analysis, biomarker discovery is expanding fast. We focus on some of the predominantly used markers in different types of malignancies, their advantages, and their limitations. Finally we conclude by looking at the future of biomarkers, their utility in the tumorigenic studies, and the progress towards personalized treatment strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Somaira Nowsheen
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Alabama at Birmingham Comprehensive Cancer Center, 35294, USA
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16
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Monroy CM, Cortes AC, Lopez M, Rourke E, Etzel CJ, Younes A, Strom SS, El-Zein R. Hodgkin lymphoma risk: role of genetic polymorphisms and gene-gene interactions in DNA repair pathways. Mol Carcinog 2011; 50:825-34. [PMID: 21374732 PMCID: PMC3131460 DOI: 10.1002/mc.20747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2010] [Revised: 01/14/2011] [Accepted: 01/16/2011] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
DNA repair variants may play a potentially important role in an individual's susceptibility to developing cancer. Numerous studies have reported the association between genetic single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in DNA repair genes and different types of hematologic cancers. However, to date, the effects of such SNPs on modulating Hodgkin lymphoma (HL) risk have not yet been investigated. We hypothesized that gene-gene interaction between candidate genes in direct reversal, nucleotide excision repair (NER), base excision repair (BER) and double strand break (DSB) pathways may contribute to susceptibility to HL. To test this hypothesis, we conducted a study on 200 HL cases and 220 controls to assess associations between HL risk and 21 functional SNPs in DNA repair genes. We evaluated potential gene-gene interactions and the association of multiple polymorphisms in a chromosome region using a multi-analytic strategy combining logistic regression, multi-factor dimensionality reduction and classification and regression tree approaches. We observed that, in combination, allelic variants in the XPC Ala499Val, NBN Glu185Gln, XRCC3 Thr241Me, XRCC1 Arg194Trp, and XRCC1 399Gln polymorphisms modify the risk for developing HL. Moreover, the cumulative genetic risk score revealed a significant trend where the risk for developing HL increases as the number of adverse alleles in BER and DSB genes increase. These findings suggest that DNA repair variants in BER and DSB pathways may play an important role in the development of HL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudia M. Monroy
- Department of Epidemiology, The University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center
| | - Andrea C. Cortes
- Department of Epidemiology, The University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center
| | - Mirtha Lopez
- Department of Epidemiology, The University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center
| | - Elizabeth Rourke
- Department of Epidemiology, The University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center
| | - Carol J. Etzel
- Department of Epidemiology, The University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center
| | - Anas Younes
- Department of Lymphoma/Myeloma, The University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center
| | - Sara S. Strom
- Department of Epidemiology, The University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center
| | - Randa El-Zein
- Department of Epidemiology, The University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center
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Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the association of the genetic variants in excision repair cross-complementation group 2 (ERCC2) R156R and ERCC4 rs3136038 with survival duration for patients with esophageal cancer. BACKGROUND ERCC2 and ERCC4 are important molecules participating nucleotide excision repair system. The clinical relevance of the genetic variants of these genes is largely unknown currently. PATIENTS AND METHODS A total of 400 patients with a diagnosis of esophageal cancer were included. The genetic variants in the promoter regions of ERCC2 on R156R and ERCC4 on rs3136038 were analyzed with the TaqMan assay from leukocyte DNA collected before treatment and correlated to survival of the patients. RESULTS Presence with ERCC2 R156R C/C or ERCC4 rs3136038 C/T genotype of the patients could additively increase risk of death and disease progression. Under multivariate analysis, T, N staging and simultaneous presentation of these unfavorable genotypes were found significant for prognosis (P < 0.05). Accumulation of each unfavorable genotype would associate with adjusted HRs [95% CI] of 1.35 [1.10-1.65] and 1.37 [1.12-1.68] (P ≤ 0.05) for death and disease progression respectively. The prognostic impact of these genotypes were more evident in the subgroup of patients with early disease status including T staging (II or less), free from lymph node metastasis or being able to undergo surgical resection (P < 0.05 for both overall and disease progression-free survival duration, respectively). CONCLUSION Genetic variants in ERCC2 and ERCC4 may provide further survival prediction in addition to TNM staging system of esophageal cancer, which is more evident in the patients with early disease status.
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Economopoulou P, Pappa V, Papageorgiou S, Dervenoulas J, Economopoulos T. Abnormalities of DNA repair mechanisms in common hematological malignancies. Leuk Lymphoma 2011; 52:567-82. [DOI: 10.3109/10428194.2010.551155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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Abstract
Studies of childhood leukemia and the potential etiologic role of genetic variation in folate metabolism have produced conflicting findings and have often been based on small numbers. We investigated the association between polymorphisms in key folate metabolism enzymes (MTHFR 677 C>T, MTHFR 1298 A>C, SHMT1 1420 C>T, MTR 2756 A>G, TS 1494del6, and TS 28bp repeat) in 939 cases of childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) and 89 cases of acute myeloid leukemia (AML) recruited into the United Kingdom Childhood Cancer Study. We also examined the maternal genotypes of 752 of these cases. Data from 824 noncancer controls recruited were used for comparison. No evidence of an association with MTHFR 677 was observed for ALL or AML, either in children or their mothers. However, in children an increased risk of ALL (odds ratio [OR] = 1.88; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.16-3.07; P = .010) and AML (OR = 2.74; 95% CI, 1.07-7.01; P = .036) was observed with the MTR 2756 GG genotype; the association was most pronounced for cases with the MLL translocation (OR = 4.90; 95% CI, 1.30-18.45; P = .019). These data suggest that genetic variation in methionine synthase could mediate risk of childhood leukemia, either via effects on DNA methylation or via effects on fetal growth and development.
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