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Maestri E, Duszka K, Kuznetsov VA. Immunity Depletion, Telomere Imbalance, and Cancer-Associated Metabolism Pathway Aberrations in Intestinal Mucosa upon Short-Term Caloric Restriction. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13133180. [PMID: 34202278 PMCID: PMC8267928 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13133180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2021] [Revised: 06/10/2021] [Accepted: 06/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Systems cancer biology analysis of calorie restriction (CR) mechanisms and pathways has not been carried out, leaving therapeutic benefits unclear. Using metadata analysis, we studied gene expression changes in normal mouse duodenum mucosa (DM) response to short-term (2-weeks) 25% CR as a biological model. Our results indicate cancer-associated genes consist of 26% of 467 CR responding differential expressed genes (DEGs). The DEGs were enriched with over-expressed cell cycle, oncogenes, and metabolic reprogramming pathways that determine tissue-specific tumorigenesis, cancer, and stem cell activation; tumor suppressors and apoptosis genes were under-expressed. DEG enrichments suggest telomeric maintenance misbalance and metabolic pathway activation playing dual (anti-cancer and pro-oncogenic) roles. The aberrant DEG profile of DM epithelial cells is found within CR-induced overexpression of Paneth cells and is coordinated significantly across GI tract tissues mucosa. Immune system genes (ISGs) consist of 37% of the total DEGs; the majority of ISGs are suppressed, including cell-autonomous immunity and tumor-immune surveillance. CR induces metabolic reprogramming, suppressing immune mechanics and activating oncogenic pathways. We introduce and argue for our network pro-oncogenic model of the mucosa multicellular tissue response to CR leading to aberrant transcription and pre-malignant states. These findings change the paradigm regarding CR's anti-cancer role, initiating specific treatment target development. This will aid future work to define critical oncogenic pathways preceding intestinal lesion development and biomarkers for earlier adenoma and colorectal cancer detection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evan Maestri
- Department of Biochemistry and Urology, SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY 13210, USA;
- Department of Biology, SUNY University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY 14260, USA
| | - Kalina Duszka
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Vienna, Althanstrasse 14, 1090 Vienna, Austria;
| | - Vladimir A. Kuznetsov
- Department of Biochemistry and Urology, SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY 13210, USA;
- Bioinformatics Institute, Biomedical Sciences Institutes A*STAR, Singapore 13867, Singapore
- Correspondence:
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A phenolic small molecule inhibitor of RNase L prevents cell death from ADAR1 deficiency. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2020; 117:24802-24812. [PMID: 32958664 PMCID: PMC7547215 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2006883117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The OAS–RNase L system is an innate immunity pathway activated by viral infection. Viral dsRNA stimulates OAS enzymes to produce short 2′,5′-oligoadenylates (2-5A) that activate RNase L, resulting in cleavage of single-stranded (ss) RNA. We discovered a small-molecule inhibitor of RNase L that rescues the toxic phenotype of cells deficient in the dsRNA-editing enzyme ADAR1. ADAR1 destabilizes dsRNA to prevent OAS activity. ADAR1 mutations are responsible for a subset of cases of Aicardi-Goutières syndrome (AGS), a severe neurodevelopmental and inflammatory genetic disease of children with no effective medical therapy. We posit that an RNase L inhibitor may have utility against cases of AGS in which RNase L is activated and other indications where overactivation of RNase L is harmful. The oligoadenylate synthetase (OAS)–RNase L system is an IFN-inducible antiviral pathway activated by viral infection. Viral double-stranded (ds) RNA activates OAS isoforms that synthesize the second messenger 2-5A, which binds and activates the pseudokinase-endoribonuclease RNase L. In cells, OAS activation is tamped down by ADAR1, an adenosine deaminase that destabilizes dsRNA. Mutation of ADAR1 is one cause of Aicardi-Goutières syndrome (AGS), an interferonopathy in children. ADAR1 deficiency in human cells can lead to RNase L activation and subsequent cell death. To evaluate RNase L as a possible therapeutic target for AGS, we sought to identify small-molecule inhibitors of RNase L. A 500-compound library of protein kinase inhibitors was screened for modulators of RNase L activity in vitro. We identified ellagic acid (EA) as a hit with 10-fold higher selectivity against RNase L compared with its nearest paralog, IRE1. SAR analysis identified valoneic acid dilactone (VAL) as a superior inhibitor of RNase L, with 100-fold selectivity over IRE1. Mechanism-of-action analysis indicated that EA and VAL do not bind to the pseudokinase domain of RNase L despite acting as ATP competitive inhibitors of the protein kinase CK2. VAL is nontoxic and functional in cells, although with a 1,000-fold decrease in potency, as measured by RNA cleavage activity in response to treatment with dsRNA activator or by rescue of cell lethality resulting from self dsRNA induced by ADAR1 deficiency. These studies lay the foundation for understanding novel modes of regulating RNase L function using small-molecule inhibitors and avenues of therapeutic potential.
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Elshazli RM, Toraih EA, Elgaml A, Kandil E, Fawzy MS. Genetic polymorphisms of TP53 (rs1042522) and MDM2 (rs2279744) and colorectal cancer risk: An updated meta-analysis based on 59 case-control studies. Gene 2020; 734:144391. [PMID: 32001373 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2020.144391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2020] [Revised: 01/16/2020] [Accepted: 01/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Several earlier reports implicated TP53 (rs1042522) and MDM2 (rs2279744) variants in outcome of colorectal cancer (CRC), but with inconclusive findings. This current meta-analysis designed to uncover the role of these variants in CRC risk. METHODOLOGY Two independent investigators extracted 59 eligible case-control studies from different electronic databases involving Scopus, Web of Science and PubMed prior to June 2019. Pooled odds ratios (ORs) and "95% confidence intervals (CIs)" were computed for different hereditary models. Stratification and heterogeneity analyses, and "Begg's funnel plots" were conducted. In silico data analyses of the functional and structural properties of the study variants were applied. RESULTS In general, 47 and 16 case-control reports for TP53 (11,589 patients and 13,622 controls) and MDM2 (6841 CRC patients and 8792 healthy controls), respectively were enrolled in this meta-analysis. A significant association of TP53 (rs1042522) variant with increased CRC risk in overall pooled subjects under recessive model [(CC vs. GC + GG, OR = 1.134, 95% CI = 1.006-1.278, P = 0.039)] was observed. Moreover, an evidence of MDM2 (rs2279744) association with increased CRC risk in overall pooled subjects under dominant and heterozygote models [(TG + GG vs. TT, OR = 1.120, 95% CI = 1.003-1.250, P = 0.044) and (TG vs. TT, OR = 1.189, 95% CI = 1.076-1.313, P = 0.001), respectively] was reported. Additionally, TP53 (rs1042522) and MDM2 (rs2279744) showed an association with CRC risk among Asians and Africans under a recessive model, and among Asians under different genetic models, respectively, by stratification analysis. CONCLUSION TP53 (rs1042522) and MDM2 (rs2279744) variants might represent candidate risk factors for CRC susceptibility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rami M Elshazli
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, Faculty of Physical Therapy, Horus University - Egypt, New Damietta, Egypt.
| | - Eman A Toraih
- Department of Surgery, Tulane University, School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA, USA; Genetics unit, Histology and Cell Biology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Suez Canal University, Egypt
| | - Abdelaziz Elgaml
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Horus University - Egypt, New Damietta, Egypt
| | - Emad Kandil
- Division of Endocrine and Oncologic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA, USA
| | - Manal S Fawzy
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt; Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Northern Border University, Arar, Saudi Arabia
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Xia J, Sun R. Evidence from 40 Studies that 2 Common Single-Nucleotide Polymorphisms (SNPs) of RNASEL Gene Affect Prostate Cancer Susceptibility: A Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA)-Compliant Meta-Analysis. Med Sci Monit 2019; 25:8315-8325. [PMID: 31686670 PMCID: PMC6857427 DOI: 10.12659/msm.917715] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Numerous studies have evaluated the relationship between RNASEL gene polymorphisms (rs486907 G>A and rs627928 T>G) and the risk of cancer. However, many of the results have been controversial. To explore the role of RNASEL gene polymorphisms in prostate cancer, we carried out the present meta-analysis. MATERIAL AND METHODS The qualified articles were collected from PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, CNKI, and WanFang databases to August 2018. A total 23 articles with 40 studies were incorporated into our analysis. RESULTS Our data show that rs486907 was not associated with the risk of prostate cancer in any populations. Nevertheless, rs627928 was reported to promote the development of prostate cancer (T vs. G: OR=1.08, 95% CI=1.01-1.15; TT+TG vs. GG: OR=1.14, 95% CI=1.03-1.25) in allele and recessive models in overall populations. Stratified analyses showed that similar results were obtained in white populations. CONCLUSIONS We report the effect of rs627928 on the development of prostate cancer and confirm that rs486907 is not involved in the risk of prostate cancer in the current meta-analysis. However, research in larger populations is needed to validate our conclusions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Xia
- Clinical Laboratory Center, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China (mainland).,People's Hospital of Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China (mainland).,Key Laboratory of Tumor Molecular Diagnosis and Individualized Medicine of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China (mainland)
| | - Rulin Sun
- Clinical Laboratory Center, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China (mainland).,People's Hospital of Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China (mainland).,Key Laboratory of Gastroenterology of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China (mainland)
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Tian X, Dai S, Sun J, Jiang S, Jiang Y. The association between the TP53 Arg72Pro polymorphism and colorectal cancer: An updated meta-analysis based on 32 studies. Oncotarget 2018; 8:1156-1165. [PMID: 27901479 PMCID: PMC5352043 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.13589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2016] [Accepted: 11/08/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Several previous studies evaluated the association between the Arg72Pro (rs1042522) polymorphism in the TP53 tumor suppressor gene and colorectal cancer (CRC). However, the results are conflicting. This meta-analysis aimed to shed new light on the precise association between TP53 variants and CRC. We analyzed 32 published case-control studies involving 8,586 cases and 10,275 controls using crude odd ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs). The meta-analysis was performed using a fixed-effect or random-effects model, as appropriate. We found that the TP53 Arg72Pro polymorphism was not significantly associated with CRC risk in the overall population. However, subgroup analysis based on ethnicity revealed an increased risk of CRC among Asians (CC vs. GC+GG: OR=1.22, 95% CI: 1.02-1.45), and similar results were found for rectal cancer (CC vs. GC+GG: OR=1.34, 95% CI: 1.120-1.62). These results suggest that the TP53 Arg72Pro polymorphism CC genotype may contribute to an increased risk of CRC, especially for rectal cancer and among Asians.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Tian
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory of Cancer Research Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, 110001, PR China
| | - Shundong Dai
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital and College of Basic Medical Sciences of China Medical University, Shenyang, 110001, PR China.,Institute of Pathology and Pathophysiology, Shenyang, 110001, PR China
| | - Jing Sun
- Department of Immunology and Biotherapy, Liaoning Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shenyang, 110042, PR China
| | - Shenyi Jiang
- Department of Rheumatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, 110001, PR China
| | - Youhong Jiang
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory of Cancer Research Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, 110001, PR China
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Nguyen-Dumont T, Teo ZL, Hammet F, Roberge A, Mahmoodi M, Tsimiklis H, Park DJ, Pope BJ, Lonie A, Kapuscinski MK, Mahmood K, Goldgar DE, Giles GG, Winship I, Hopper JL, Southey MC. Is RNASEL:p.Glu265* a modifier of early-onset breast cancer risk for carriers of high-risk mutations? BMC Cancer 2018; 18:165. [PMID: 29422015 PMCID: PMC5806316 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-018-4028-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2016] [Accepted: 01/23/2018] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Breast cancer risk for BRCA1 and BRCA2 pathogenic mutation carriers is modified by risk factors that cluster in families, including genetic modifiers of risk. We considered genetic modifiers of risk for carriers of high-risk mutations in other breast cancer susceptibility genes. Methods In a family known to carry the high-risk mutation PALB2:c.3113G>A (p.Trp1038*), whole-exome sequencing was performed on germline DNA from four affected women, three of whom were mutation carriers. Results RNASEL:p.Glu265* was identified in one of the PALB2 carriers who had two primary invasive breast cancer diagnoses before 50 years. Gene-panel testing of BRCA1, BRCA2, PALB2 and RNASEL in the Australian Breast Cancer Family Registry identified five carriers of RNASEL:p.Glu265* in 591 early onset breast cancer cases. Three of the five women (60%) carrying RNASEL:p.Glu265* also carried a pathogenic mutation in a breast cancer susceptibility gene compared with 30 carriers of pathogenic mutations in the 586 non-carriers of RNASEL:p.Glu265* (5%) (p < 0.002). Taqman genotyping demonstrated that the allele frequency of RNASEL:p.Glu265* was similar in affected and unaffected Australian women, consistent with other populations. Conclusion Our study suggests that RNASEL:p.Glu265* may be a genetic modifier of risk for early-onset breast cancer predisposition in carriers of high-risk mutations. Much larger case-case and case-control studies are warranted to test the association observed in this report.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tú Nguyen-Dumont
- Genetic Epidemiology Laboratory, Department of Clinical Pathology, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.,Precision Medicine, School of Clinical Sciences at Monash Health, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia
| | - Zhi L Teo
- Genetic Epidemiology Laboratory, Department of Clinical Pathology, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.,Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.,Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Fleur Hammet
- Genetic Epidemiology Laboratory, Department of Clinical Pathology, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Alexis Roberge
- Genetic Epidemiology Laboratory, Department of Clinical Pathology, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Maryam Mahmoodi
- Genetic Epidemiology Laboratory, Department of Clinical Pathology, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Helen Tsimiklis
- Genetic Epidemiology Laboratory, Department of Clinical Pathology, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Daniel J Park
- Genetic Epidemiology Laboratory, Department of Clinical Pathology, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.,Melbourne Bioinformatics, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Bernard J Pope
- Melbourne Bioinformatics, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.,Department of Clinical Pathology, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.,Department of Medicine, School of Clinical Sciences at Monash Health, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia
| | - Andrew Lonie
- Melbourne Bioinformatics, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Miroslav K Kapuscinski
- Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Khalid Mahmood
- Melbourne Bioinformatics, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | | | | | - Graham G Giles
- Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.,Cancer Epidemiology & Intelligence Division, Cancer Council Victoria, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Ingrid Winship
- Department of Medicine, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.,The Royal Melbourne Hospital, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - John L Hopper
- Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Melissa C Southey
- Genetic Epidemiology Laboratory, Department of Clinical Pathology, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia. .,Precision Medicine, School of Clinical Sciences at Monash Health, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia.
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Win AK, Reece JC, Buchanan DD, Clendenning M, Young JP, Cleary SP, Kim H, Cotterchio M, Dowty JG, MacInnis RJ, Tucker KM, Winship IM, Macrae FA, Burnett T, Le Marchand L, Casey G, Haile RW, Newcomb PA, Thibodeau SN, Lindor NM, Hopper JL, Gallinger S, Jenkins MA. Risk of colorectal cancer for people with a mutation in both a MUTYH and a DNA mismatch repair gene. Fam Cancer 2016. [PMID: 26202870 DOI: 10.1007/s10689-015-9824-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The base excision repair protein, MUTYH, functionally interacts with the DNA mismatch repair (MMR) system. As genetic testing moves from testing one gene at a time, to gene panel and whole exome next generation sequencing approaches, understandin g the risk associated with co-existence of germline mutations in these genes will be important for clinical interpretation and management. From the Colon Cancer Family Registry, we identified 10 carriers who had both a MUTYH mutation (6 with c.1187G>A p.(Gly396Asp), 3 with c.821G>A p.(Arg274Gln), and 1 with c.536A>G p.(Tyr179Cys)) and a MMR gene mutation (3 in MLH1, 6 in MSH2, and 1 in PMS2), 375 carriers of a single (monoallelic) MUTYH mutation alone, and 469 carriers of a MMR gene mutation alone. Of the 10 carriers of both gene mutations, 8 were diagnosed with colorectal cancer. Using a weighted cohort analysis, we estimated that risk of colorectal cancer for carriers of both a MUTYH and a MMR gene mutation was substantially higher than that for carriers of a MUTYH mutation alone [hazard ratio (HR) 21.5, 95% confidence interval (CI) 9.19-50.1; p < 0.001], but not different from that for carriers of a MMR gene mutation alone (HR 1.94, 95% CI 0.63-5.99; p = 0.25). Within the limited power of this study, there was no evidence that a monoallelic MUTYH gene mutation confers additional risk of colorectal cancer for carriers of a MMR gene mutation alone. Our finding suggests MUTYH mutation testing in MMR gene mutation carriers is not clinically informative.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aung Ko Win
- Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, The University of Melbourne, Level 3, 207 Bouverie Street, Parkville, VIC, 3010, Australia.
| | - Jeanette C Reece
- Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, The University of Melbourne, Level 3, 207 Bouverie Street, Parkville, VIC, 3010, Australia
| | - Daniel D Buchanan
- Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, The University of Melbourne, Level 3, 207 Bouverie Street, Parkville, VIC, 3010, Australia
- Oncogenomics Group, Genetic Epidemiology Laboratory, Department of Pathology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Mark Clendenning
- Oncogenomics Group, Genetic Epidemiology Laboratory, Department of Pathology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Joanne P Young
- Department of Oncology, The Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Woodville, SA, Australia
- SAHMRI Colorectal Node, Basil Hetzel Institute for Translational Research, Woodville, SA, Australia
- School of Medicine, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Sean P Cleary
- Lunenfeld Tanenbaum Research Institute, Mount Sinai Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Hyeja Kim
- Lunenfeld Tanenbaum Research Institute, Mount Sinai Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | | | - James G Dowty
- Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, The University of Melbourne, Level 3, 207 Bouverie Street, Parkville, VIC, 3010, Australia
| | - Robert J MacInnis
- Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, The University of Melbourne, Level 3, 207 Bouverie Street, Parkville, VIC, 3010, Australia
- Cancer Epidemiology Centre, Cancer Council Victoria, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Katherine M Tucker
- Hereditary Cancer Clinic, Prince of Wales Hospital, Randwick, NSW, Australia
| | - Ingrid M Winship
- Genetic Medicine and Family Cancer Clinic, Royal Melbourne Hospital, Parkville, VIC, Australia
- Department of Medicine, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Finlay A Macrae
- Department of Medicine, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
- Colorectal Medicine and Genetics, Royal Melbourne Hospital, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | | | | | - Graham Casey
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine and Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Robert W Haile
- Division of Oncology, Department of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Polly A Newcomb
- School of Public Health, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
- Public Health Sciences Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Stephen N Thibodeau
- Molecular Genetics Laboratory, Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Noralane M Lindor
- Department of Health Science Research, Mayo Clinic Arizona, Scottsdale, AZ, USA
| | - John L Hopper
- Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, The University of Melbourne, Level 3, 207 Bouverie Street, Parkville, VIC, 3010, Australia
- Department of Epidemiology and Institute of Health and Environment, School of Public Health, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Steven Gallinger
- Lunenfeld Tanenbaum Research Institute, Mount Sinai Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Mark A Jenkins
- Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, The University of Melbourne, Level 3, 207 Bouverie Street, Parkville, VIC, 3010, Australia
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8
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Farzan SF, Karagas MR, Christensen BC, Li Z, Kuriger JK, Nelson HH. RNASEL and MIR146A SNP-SNP interaction as a susceptibility factor for non-melanoma skin cancer. PLoS One 2014; 9:e93602. [PMID: 24699816 PMCID: PMC3974770 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0093602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2013] [Accepted: 03/06/2014] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Immunity and inflammatory pathways are important in the genesis of non-melanoma skin cancers (NMSC). Functional genetic variation in immune modulators has the potential to affect disease etiology. We investigated associations between common variants in two key regulators, MIR146A and RNASEL, and their relation to NMSCs. Using a large population-based case-control study of basal cell (BCC) and squamous cell carcinoma (SCC), we investigated the impact of MIR146A SNP rs2910164 on cancer risk, and interaction with a SNP in one of its putative targets (RNASEL, rs486907). To examine associations between genotype and BCC and SCC, occurrence odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (95%CI) were calculated using unconditional logistic regression, accounting for multiple confounding factors. We did not observe an overall change in the odds ratios for SCC or BCC among individuals carrying either of the RNASEL or MIR146A variants compared with those who were wild type at these loci. However, there was a sex-specific association between BCC and MIR146A in women (ORGC = 0.73, [95%CI = 0.52-1.03]; ORCC = 0.29, [95% CI = 0.14-0.61], p-trend<0.001), and a reduction in risk, albeit not statistically significant, associated with RNASEL and SCC in men (ORAG = 0.88, [95%CI = 0.65-1.19]; ORAA = 0.68, [95%CI = 0.43-1.08], p-trend = 0.10). Most striking was the strong interaction between the two genes. Among individuals carrying variant alleles of both rs2910164 and rs486907, we observed inverse relationships with SCC (ORSCC = 0.56, [95%CI = 0.38-0.81], p-interaction = 0.012) and BCC (ORBCC = 0.57, [95%CI = 0.40-0.80], p-interaction = 0.005). Our results suggest that genetic variation in immune and inflammatory regulators may influence susceptibility to NMSC, and novel SNP-SNP interaction for a microRNA and its target. These data suggest that RNASEL, an enzyme involved in RNA turnover, is controlled by miR-146a and may be important in NMSC etiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shohreh F. Farzan
- Department of Community and Family Medicine, Section of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Lebanon, New Hampshire, United States of America
- Norris Cotton Cancer Center, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Lebanon, New Hampshire, United States of America
| | - Margaret R. Karagas
- Department of Community and Family Medicine, Section of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Lebanon, New Hampshire, United States of America
- Norris Cotton Cancer Center, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Lebanon, New Hampshire, United States of America
| | - Brock C. Christensen
- Department of Community and Family Medicine, Section of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Lebanon, New Hampshire, United States of America
- Norris Cotton Cancer Center, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Lebanon, New Hampshire, United States of America
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Hanover, New Hampshire, United States of America
| | - Zhongze Li
- Department of Community and Family Medicine, Section of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Lebanon, New Hampshire, United States of America
- Norris Cotton Cancer Center, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Lebanon, New Hampshire, United States of America
| | - Jacquelyn K. Kuriger
- Division of Epidemiology and Community Health, The Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, United States of America
| | - Heather H. Nelson
- Division of Epidemiology and Community Health, The Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, United States of America
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9
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Cooper DN, Krawczak M, Polychronakos C, Tyler-Smith C, Kehrer-Sawatzki H. Where genotype is not predictive of phenotype: towards an understanding of the molecular basis of reduced penetrance in human inherited disease. Hum Genet 2013; 132:1077-130. [PMID: 23820649 PMCID: PMC3778950 DOI: 10.1007/s00439-013-1331-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 417] [Impact Index Per Article: 37.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2013] [Accepted: 06/15/2013] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Some individuals with a particular disease-causing mutation or genotype fail to express most if not all features of the disease in question, a phenomenon that is known as 'reduced (or incomplete) penetrance'. Reduced penetrance is not uncommon; indeed, there are many known examples of 'disease-causing mutations' that fail to cause disease in at least a proportion of the individuals who carry them. Reduced penetrance may therefore explain not only why genetic diseases are occasionally transmitted through unaffected parents, but also why healthy individuals can harbour quite large numbers of potentially disadvantageous variants in their genomes without suffering any obvious ill effects. Reduced penetrance can be a function of the specific mutation(s) involved or of allele dosage. It may also result from differential allelic expression, copy number variation or the modulating influence of additional genetic variants in cis or in trans. The penetrance of some pathogenic genotypes is known to be age- and/or sex-dependent. Variable penetrance may also reflect the action of unlinked modifier genes, epigenetic changes or environmental factors. At least in some cases, complete penetrance appears to require the presence of one or more genetic variants at other loci. In this review, we summarize the evidence for reduced penetrance being a widespread phenomenon in human genetics and explore some of the molecular mechanisms that may help to explain this enigmatic characteristic of human inherited disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- David N. Cooper
- Institute of Medical Genetics, School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Heath Park, Cardiff, CF14 4XN UK
| | - Michael Krawczak
- Institute of Medical Informatics and Statistics, Christian-Albrechts University, 24105 Kiel, Germany
| | | | - Chris Tyler-Smith
- The Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, CB10 1SA UK
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10
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Dowty JG, Win AK, Buchanan DD, Lindor NM, Macrae FA, Clendenning M, Antill YC, Thibodeau SN, Casey G, Gallinger S, Marchand LL, Newcomb PA, Haile RW, Young GP, James PA, Giles GG, Gunawardena SR, Leggett BA, Gattas M, Boussioutas A, Ahnen DJ, Baron JA, Parry S, Goldblatt J, Young JP, Hopper JL, Jenkins MA. Cancer risks for MLH1 and MSH2 mutation carriers. Hum Mutat 2013; 34:490-7. [PMID: 23255516 DOI: 10.1002/humu.22262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 173] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2012] [Accepted: 12/03/2012] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
We studied 17,576 members of 166 MLH1 and 224 MSH2 mutation-carrying families from the Colon Cancer Family Registry. Average cumulative risks of colorectal cancer (CRC), endometrial cancer (EC), and other cancers for carriers were estimated using modified segregation analysis conditioned on ascertainment criteria. Heterogeneity in risks was investigated using a polygenic risk modifier. Average CRC cumulative risks at the age of 70 years (95% confidence intervals) for MLH1 and MSH2 mutation carriers, respectively, were estimated to be 34% (25%-50%) and 47% (36%-60%) for male carriers and 36% (25%-51%) and 37% (27%-50%) for female carriers. Corresponding EC risks were 18% (9.1%-34%) and 30% (18%-45%). A high level of CRC risk heterogeneity was observed (P < 0.001), with cumulative risks at the age of 70 years estimated to follow U-shaped distributions. For example, 17% of male MSH2 mutation carriers have estimated lifetime risks of 0%-10% and 18% have risks of 90%-100%. Therefore, average risks are similar for the two genes but there is so much individual variation about the average that large proportions of carriers have either very low or very high lifetime cancer risks. Our estimates of CRC and EC cumulative risks for MLH1 and MSH2 mutation carriers are the most precise currently available.
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Affiliation(s)
- James G Dowty
- Centre for Molecular, Environmental, Genetic and Analytic Epidemiology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia.
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11
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Win AK, Young JP, Lindor NM, Tucker KM, Ahnen DJ, Young GP, Buchanan DD, Clendenning M, Giles GG, Winship I, Macrae FA, Goldblatt J, Southey MC, Arnold J, Thibodeau SN, Gunawardena SR, Bapat B, Baron JA, Casey G, Gallinger S, Le Marchand L, Newcomb PA, Haile RW, Hopper JL, Jenkins MA. Colorectal and other cancer risks for carriers and noncarriers from families with a DNA mismatch repair gene mutation: a prospective cohort study. J Clin Oncol 2012; 30:958-64. [PMID: 22331944 DOI: 10.1200/jco.2011.39.5590] [Citation(s) in RCA: 231] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To determine whether cancer risks for carriers and noncarriers from families with a mismatch repair (MMR) gene mutation are increased above the risks of the general population. PATIENTS AND METHODS We prospectively followed a cohort of 446 unaffected carriers of an MMR gene mutation (MLH1, n = 161; MSH2, n = 222; MSH6, n = 47; and PMS2, n = 16) and 1,029 their unaffected relatives who did not carry a mutation every 5 years at recruitment centers of the Colon Cancer Family Registry. For comparison of cancer risk with the general population, we estimated country-, age-, and sex-specific standardized incidence ratios (SIRs) of cancer for carriers and noncarriers. RESULTS Over a median follow-up of 5 years, mutation carriers had an increased risk of colorectal cancer (CRC; SIR, 20.48; 95% CI, 11.71 to 33.27; P < .001), endometrial cancer (SIR, 30.62; 95% CI, 11.24 to 66.64; P < .001), ovarian cancer (SIR, 18.81; 95% CI, 3.88 to 54.95; P < .001), renal cancer (SIR, 11.22; 95% CI, 2.31 to 32.79; P < .001), pancreatic cancer (SIR, 10.68; 95% CI, 2.68 to 47.70; P = .001), gastric cancer (SIR, 9.78; 95% CI, 1.18 to 35.30; P = .009), urinary bladder cancer (SIR, 9.51; 95% CI, 1.15 to 34.37; P = .009), and female breast cancer (SIR, 3.95; 95% CI, 1.59 to 8.13; P = .001). We found no evidence of their noncarrier relatives having an increased risk of any cancer, including CRC (SIR, 1.02; 95% CI, 0.33 to 2.39; P = .97). CONCLUSION We confirmed that carriers of an MMR gene mutation were at increased risk of a wide variety of cancers, including some cancers not previously recognized as being a result of MMR mutations, and found no evidence of an increased risk of cancer for their noncarrier relatives.
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12
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The effect of TP53 codon 72 and RNASEL codon 462 polymorphisms on the development of cervical cancer in Argentine women. Cancer Genet 2011; 204:270-7. [PMID: 21665181 DOI: 10.1016/j.cancergen.2011.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2010] [Revised: 02/19/2011] [Accepted: 04/06/2011] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Epidemiological evidence suggests that genetic factors, such as variants in cancer suppressor genes, may play an important role in the etiology of cervical carcinoma. TP53 is an outstanding cell cycle regulator, mutated in most human cancers, and RNASEL is thought to be involved in antiviral and apoptotic responses. To determine whether TP53 Arg72Pro and RNASEL Arg462Gln polymorphisms are associated with susceptibility to cervical cancer, a case-control study of 98 cancer patients and 123 healthy controls was conducted. Cervical samples were genotyped for both polymorphisms by pyrosequencing technology. The association between cervical cancer risk and the studied SNPs was evaluated by logistic regression, and potential gene-gene interactions were studied by Multifactor Dimensionality Reduction analysis. In the single-locus analysis, only the heterozygous TP53 Arg72Pro genotype was significantly associated with the risk of developing a cervical carcinoma, while the RNASEL polymorphism showed no association after age adjustment. In addition, the combination of both polymorphisms gives near-null information gain. Consequently, the effect provided by each single nucleotide polymorphism individually is considered higher than the effect resulting from the interaction between these two genes in cervical cancer risk. These results suggest that a heterozygous TP53 Arg72Pro genotype may contribute to cervical cancer susceptibility.
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Zhang LF, Mi YY, Qin C, Wang Y, Cao Q, Wei JF, Zhou YJ, Feng NH, Zhang W. RNASEL -1385G/A polymorphism and cancer risk: a meta-analysis based on 21 case-control studies. Mol Biol Rep 2011; 38:5099-105. [PMID: 21221811 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-010-0657-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2010] [Accepted: 12/04/2010] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Polymorphisms in the endoribonuclease L (RNASEL) gene have been hypothesized to increase the incidence of cancer. The common sequence variation in RNASEL, -1385G/A (rs486907) has been involved in several types of cancer risk. However, results of the related published studies remained conflicting rather than conclusive. To clarify the role of RNASEL -1385G/A genotype in global cancer, we performed a meta-analysis of all the available published studies involving 8,732 cancer patients and 8,748 control subjects. The overall results indicated that there was no major influence of the variant on cancer risk. However, stratified analysis by ethnicity showed that the RNASEL -1385G/A polymorphism has an increased cancer risk in African descendents in the homozygote comparison (OR = 2.59, 95% CI = 1.27-5.27), although no association was found in the analysis stratified by cancer type (OR = 1.12, 95% CI = 0.94-1.35). This meta-analysis suggested that the RNASEL -1385G/A polymorphism is associated with cancer risk in African descendents. To draw more comprehensive conclusions, further prospective studies with larger numbers of participants worldwide are still required to examine associations between RNASEL -1385G/A polymorphism and cancer risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-Feng Zhang
- Department of Urology, First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 300 Guangzhou Road, Nanjing 210029, People's Republic of China
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Wang JJ, Zheng Y, Sun L, Wang L, Yu PB, Dong JH, Zhang L, Xu J, Shi W, Ren YC. TP53 codon 72 polymorphism and colorectal cancer susceptibility: a meta-analysis. Mol Biol Rep 2010; 38:4847-53. [PMID: 21140221 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-010-0619-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2010] [Accepted: 11/26/2010] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Colorectal cancer constitutes a significant proportion of the global burden of cancer morbidity and mortality. A number of studies have been conducted to explore whether TP53 codon 72 polymorphism is associated with colorectal cancer susceptibility. However, controversial results were obtained. In order to derive a more precise estimation of the relationship, we systematically searched Medline, Google scholar, and Ovid database for studies reported before May 2010. A total of 3603 colorectal cancer cases and 5524 controls were included. TP53 codon 72 polymorphism was not associated with colorectal cancer risk in all genetic models (for dominant model: OR = 0.99, 95% CI: 0.86-1.15; for recessive model: OR = 1.00, 95% CI: 0.81-1.23; for Arg/Pro vs. Arg/Arg: OR = 1.00, 95% CI: 0.87-1.15; for Pro/Pro vs. Arg/Arg: OR = 0.97, 95% CI: 0.76-1.25). In the subgroup analyses by ethnic groups and sources of controls, no significant associations were found in all models. Taken together, this meta-analysis suggested that the biologically usefulness of TP53 codon 72 polymorphism as a selection marker in colorectal cancer susceptibility may be very limited.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing-Jun Wang
- Department of Center for Disease Control and Prevention of Shaanxi Province, 3 Jiandong Road, 710043 Xi'an, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China
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15
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Economopoulos K, Sergentanis T. Methodological remarks concerning the recent meta-analysis on p53 codon 72 polymorphism and colorectal cancer risk. Eur J Surg Oncol 2010; 36:1225-6; author reply 1227-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejso.2010.09.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2010] [Revised: 07/14/2010] [Accepted: 09/21/2010] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
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Abstract
Chronic inflammation is commonly present in gastrointestinal mucosal sites at increased risk for cancer, such as in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) or chronic gastritis caused by Helicobacter pylori infection. Why some patients have more mucosal inflammation than others, and why certain individuals with chronic inflammation develop cancer, are problems that have not been solved. Unlike the case for the syndromic forms of familial colorectal cancer (CRC), the risks for IBD and other forms of chronic inflammation have not been linked to highly penetrant single gene mutations. Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) are variations in DNA sequence that can be linked to any phenotype (cancer, chronic inflammation, etc.) in genome-wide association studies (GWAS). CRC has been linked to several highly penetrant single gene loci, as well as multiple SNP. The propensity to develop IBD has not been linked to single gene mutations in most instances, but has been linked to SNP in the NOD2 locus (which appear to create hypomorphic alleles for this bacterial response gene), the IL23R locus, the autophagy gene ATG16L1 and a wide range of other loci including the Toll-like receptors, JAK2 and STAT3, and perhaps 70 more. At present, the problem in predicting risk for chronic inflammation is that there are many genetic polymorphisms with relatively modest individual effects. Our challenge is to understand how the SNPs that are linked to variations in the inflammatory response interact with one another (i.e. to understand the 'epistasis' involved), and to integrate this with the variety of individual environmental exposures. This represents an opportunity for informatics science to help personalize our approach to chronic inflammatory diseases of the gut and identify those at greatest risk for cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- C. Richard Boland
- *C. Richard Boland, MD, Division of Gastroenterology, Baylor University Medical Center, GI Cancer Research Laboratory (250 Hoblitzelle), 3500 Gaston Avenue, Dallas, TX 75246 (USA), Tel. +1 214 820 2692, Fax +1 214 818 9292, E-Mail
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Systematic review and meta-analysis of the association between P53 codon 72 polymorphism and colorectal cancer. Eur J Surg Oncol 2010; 36:431-8. [PMID: 20363586 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejso.2010.03.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2009] [Revised: 01/20/2010] [Accepted: 03/22/2010] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND A number of studies has evaluated the association between P53 codon 72 polymorphism and colorectal cancer. However, results were inconsistent. To clarify the role of this polymorphism in colorectal cancer, we conducted a meta-analysis on this topic. METHODS Two authors independently searched the PubMed and EMBASE database from 1966 to January 2010 for studies regarding the association of P53 codon 72 polymorphism with colorectal cancer. Summary odds ratios with their corresponding 95% confidence intervals were calculated by using random-effects model. RESULTS The combined results showed that P53 codon 72 variant genotypes were not associated with colorectal cancer risk when compared to Arg/Arg genotype (Pro/Pro: OR = 1.02, 95% CI = 0.80-1.29; Arg/Pro: OR = 1.00, 95% CI = 0.86-1.16; Pro allele: OR = 1.00, 95% CI = 0.86-1.17). When stratifying for study population, design and cancer location, no statistically significant results were observed either. CONCLUSION Our data indicate that the P53 codon 72 polymorphism may be not associated with colorectal cancer risk.
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Wijnen JT, Brohet RM, van Eijk R, Jagmohan-Changur S, Middeldorp A, Tops CM, van Puijenbroek M, Ausems MGEM, Gómez García E, Hes FJ, Hoogerbrugge N, Menko FH, van Os TAM, Sijmons RH, Verhoef S, Wagner A, Nagengast FM, Kleibeuker JH, Devilee P, Morreau H, Goldgar D, Tomlinson IP, Houlston RS, van Wezel T, Vasen HFA. Chromosome 8q23.3 and 11q23.1 variants modify colorectal cancer risk in Lynch syndrome. Gastroenterology 2009; 136:131-7. [PMID: 19010329 DOI: 10.1053/j.gastro.2008.09.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2008] [Revised: 09/05/2008] [Accepted: 09/18/2008] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS Recent genome-wide association studies have identified common low-risk variants for colorectal cancer (CRC). To assess whether these influence CRC risk in the Lynch syndrome, we genotyped these variants in a large series of proven mutation carriers. METHODS We studied 675 individuals from 127 different families from the Dutch Lynch syndrome Registry whose mutation carrier status was known. We genotyped 8q24.21, 8q23.3, 10p14, 11q23.1, 15q13.3, and 18q21.1 variants in carriers of a mismatch repair gene mutation. Univariate and multivariate analysis was used to analyse the association between the presence of a risk variant and CRC risk. RESULTS A significant association was found between CRC risk and rs16892766 (8q23.3) and rs3802842 (11q23.1). For rs16892766, possession of the C-allele was associated with an elevated risk of CRC in a dose-dependent fashion, with homozygosity for CC being associated with a 2.16-fold increased risk. For rs3802842, the increased risk of CRC associated with the C-allele was only found among female carriers, while CRC risk was substantially higher among homozygous (hazard ratio [HR] 3.08) than among heterozygous carriers of the C-allele (HR 1.49). In an additive model of both variants, the risk was significantly associated with the number of risk alleles (HR 1.60 for carriers of 2 or more risk alleles). The effects were stronger in female carriers than in male carriers. CONCLUSION We have identified 2 loci that are significantly associated with CRC risk in Lynch syndrome families. These modifiers may be helpful in identifying high-risk individuals who require more intensive surveillance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juul T Wijnen
- Department of Human Genetics, Leiden University Medical Centre, The Netherlands
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Idbaih A, Boisselier B, Marie Y, El Hallani S, Sanson M, Crinière E, Rodero M, Carpentier C, Paris S, Laigle-Donadey F, Ducray F, Hoang-Xuan K, Delattre JY. TP53 codon 72 polymorphism, p53 expression, and 1p/19q status in oligodendroglial tumors. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2007; 177:103-7. [PMID: 17854663 DOI: 10.1016/j.cancergencyto.2007.06.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2007] [Revised: 06/18/2007] [Accepted: 06/22/2007] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
The functional single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) in codon 72 of TP53 has been shown to be both a risk factor and a prognostic biomarker in various cancers. Such results were also reported in brain tumors, notably in astrocytomas. This SNP has never been precisely investigated in oligodendroglial tumors. We retrospectively analyzed blood samples of 275 oligodendroglial tumor patients for the TP53 codon 72 polymorphism and compared them with a series of 144 healthy controls. Arg/Arg, Arg/Pro, and Pro/Pro genotypes were found in 54.2 versus 60.4%, 39.3 versus 34.0%, and 7.3 versus 5.6% of patients and controls, respectively. This suggests no association between oligodendroglial tumors and the SNP in codon 72 of TP53. Similarly, no correlation was found among the TP53 codon 72 polymorphism and prognosis, p53 expression, and chromosomes 1p and 19q status.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed Idbaih
- INSERM, Unité 711, Groupe hospitalier Pitié-Salpêtrière, 47-83 Boulevard de l'Hôpital, 75013 Paris, France.
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