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Kong C, Jia L, Jia J. γ-mangostin attenuates amyloid-β42-induced neuroinflammation and oxidative stress in microglia-like BV2 cells via the mitogen-activated protein kinases signaling pathway. Eur J Pharmacol 2022; 917:174744. [PMID: 34998794 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2022.174744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2021] [Revised: 12/16/2021] [Accepted: 01/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Oxidative stress (OS) and neuroinflammation are related to the pathogenic mechanism of Alzheimer's disease (AD). γ-Mangostin, a xanthone derivative obtained from mangosteen pericarp, could prevent their detrimental effects in AD. OBJECTIVE This study focused on determining the role of γ-mangostin in protection against the amyloid-β (Aβ) 42 oligomers-induced OS and inflammation in microglial BV2 cells and investigating their precise mechanism of action. METHODS Lactate dehydrogenase release assay and cell counting kit-8 assay were used to estimate the drug impact in BV2 cells and functional effects of the conditioned medium (supernatant of Aβ42 oligomers-/γ-mangostin-treated BV2 cells) on neuron-like SH-SY5Y and N2a cells. Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay were carried out for detecting inflammatory factor contents. In addition, nitric oxide (NO) assay, an intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) assay, and qRT-PCR were performed to measure OS. Western blotting was used to explore the influence of γ-mangostin on the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway. RESULTS γ-Mangostin alleviated Aβ42 oligomer-induced inflammation by decreasing the levels of interleukin (IL) -6, IL-1β, and tumor necrosis factor-α, while attenuating OS through decreasing ROS/NO generation, and suppressing cyclo-oxygenase-2 and inducible NO synthase expressions. γ-Mangostin protected N2a and SH-SY5Ycells against the BV2 cell supernatant-induced toxicity following Aβ42 oligomer exposure. Furthermore, γ-mangostin inhibited c-Jun NH2-terminal kinase and p38 MAPK pathway activation. CONCLUSION This study demonstrated that γ-mangostin could attenuate OS and inflammation resulting from Aβ42 oligomers, which also protect neurons against toxic medium-induced injury, suggesting that it may exert a protective effect in AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chaojun Kong
- Innovation Center for Neurological Disorders and Department of Neurology, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, PR China
| | - Longfei Jia
- Innovation Center for Neurological Disorders and Department of Neurology, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, PR China.
| | - Jianping Jia
- Innovation Center for Neurological Disorders and Department of Neurology, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, PR China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Geriatric Cognitive Disorders, PR China; Clinical Center for Neurodegenerative Disease and Memory Impairment, Capital Medical University, PR China; Center of Alzheimer's Disease, Beijing Institute of Brain Disorders, Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Disorders, Capital Medical University, PR China; Key Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Diseases, Ministry of Education, Beijing, 100053, PR China.
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Functions and dysfunctions of nitric oxide in brain. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2019; 1865:1949-1967. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2018.11.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 97] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2018] [Revised: 10/29/2018] [Accepted: 11/11/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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3
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Zhou J, Li M, Jin WF, Li XH, Zhang YY. Role of NF-κB on Neurons after Cerebral Ischemia Reperfusion. INT J PHARMACOL 2018. [DOI: 10.3923/ijp.2018.451.459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
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Lee KJ, Kim YK, Krupa M, Nguyen AN, Do BH, Chung B, Vu TTT, Kim SC, Choe H. Crotamine stimulates phagocytic activity by inducing nitric oxide and TNF-α via p38 and NFκ-B signaling in RAW 264.7 macrophages. BMB Rep 2017; 49:185-90. [PMID: 26818089 PMCID: PMC4915234 DOI: 10.5483/bmbrep.2016.49.3.271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2015] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Crotamine is a peptide toxin found in the venom of the rattlesnake Crotalus durissus terrificus and has antiproliferative, antimicrobial, and antifungal activities. Herein, we show that crotamine dose-dependently induced macrophage phagocytic and cytostatic activity by the induction of nitric oxide (NO) and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α). Moreover, the crotamineinduced expression of iNOS and TNF-α is mediated through the phosphorylation of p38 and the NF-κB signaling cascade in macrophages. Notably, pretreatment with SB203580 (a p38-specific inhibitor) or BAY 11-7082 (an NF-κB inhibitor) inhibited crotamine-induced NO production and macrophage phagocytic and cytotoxic activity. Our results show for the first time that crotamine stimulates macrophage phagocytic and cytostatic activity by induction of NO and TNF-α via the p38 and NF-κB signaling pathways and suggest that crotamine may be a useful therapeutic agent for the treatment of inflammatory disease. [BMB Reports 2016; 49(3): 185-190].
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyung Jin Lee
- Department of Convergence Medicine, Asan Institute for Life Sciences, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul 05505, Korea
| | - Yun Kyu Kim
- Department of Convergence Medicine, Asan Institute for Life Sciences, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul 05505, Korea
| | - Martin Krupa
- Department of Physiology and Bio-Medical Institute of Technology, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul 05505, Korea
| | - Anh Ngoc Nguyen
- Department of Physiology and Bio-Medical Institute of Technology, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul 05505, Korea
| | - Bich Hang Do
- Department of Physiology and Bio-Medical Institute of Technology, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul 05505, Korea
| | - Boram Chung
- Department of Physiology and Bio-Medical Institute of Technology, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul 05505, Korea
| | - Thi Thu Trang Vu
- Department of Physiology and Bio-Medical Institute of Technology, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul 05505, Korea
| | - Song Cheol Kim
- Department of Surgery, Division of Hepatobilopancreatic Surgery, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul 05505, Korea
| | - Han Choe
- Department of Physiology and Bio-Medical Institute of Technology, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul 05505, Korea
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5
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Huang F, Ichihara S, Yamada Y, Banu S, Ichihara G. Effect of 4-week inhalation exposure to 1-bromopropane on blood pressure in rats. J Appl Toxicol 2016; 37:331-338. [PMID: 27452781 DOI: 10.1002/jat.3364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2015] [Revised: 06/18/2016] [Accepted: 06/18/2016] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
The pathophysiology of hypertension is complex and multifactorial, and includes exposure to various chemical substances. Several recent studies have documented the reproductive and neurological toxicities of 1-bromopropane (1-BP). Given that 1-BP increased reactive oxygen species in the brain of rats, we hypothesized that 1-BP also has cardiovascular toxicity through increased oxidative stress. To test this hypothesis, male F344 and Wistar Nagoya rats (n = 7-8 per group per test) were exposed to 0 or 1000 ppm of 1-BP via inhalation for 4 weeks (8 h per day, 7 days per week). The exposure to 1-BP increased systolic blood pressure. This effect was associated with a significant decrease in the reduced/oxidized glutathione ratio. A significant increase in nitrotyrosine levels, activation of the NADPH oxidase pathway, which was evidenced by upregulation of gp91phox, a NADPH oxidase subunit, and significant decreases in the expressions of antioxidant molecules such as Cu/Zn- and Mn-superoxide dismutase catalase, and nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2, were observed in the aortas of Wistar Nagoya rats exposed to 1-BP. Our results indicate that subacute (4-week) inhalation exposure to 1-BP increases blood pressure and suggest that this cardiovascular toxic effect is due, at least in part, to increased oxidative stress mediated through activation of the NADPH oxidase pathway. Further study is needed to assess whether NADPH oxidase activation causes the increase in blood pressure in the rats exposed to 1-BP. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fen Huang
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan.,School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Anhui, China
| | - Sahoko Ichihara
- Department of Human Functional Genomics, Life Science Research Center, Mie University, Tsu, Japan
| | - Yuki Yamada
- Department of Human Functional Genomics, Life Science Research Center, Mie University, Tsu, Japan.,Japanese Red Cross Wakayama Medical Center, Wakayama, Japan
| | - Shameema Banu
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shri Sathya Sai Medical College Hospital and Research Center, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Gaku Ichihara
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan.,Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Tokyo University of Science, Noda, Japan
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Dual contradictory effect of H-89 on neuronal retraction, death and inflammation in differentiated PC12 cells subjected to oxidative stress. J Mol Neurosci 2013; 51:1030-7. [PMID: 23949609 DOI: 10.1007/s12031-013-0092-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2013] [Accepted: 08/05/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Interrelation between oxidative stress and neuro-inflammation has been discussed extensively to contribute to neuronal dysfunction in neurodegenerative disorders. In this manner, it seems that there is an intriguing link between protein kinase A (PKA), neuronal apoptosis and inflammation. Rat PC12 pheochromocytoma cell can be induced to differentiate into neuron-like cells possessing elongated neurites by nerve growth factor. In this study, we investigated the effect of H-89, a selective inhibitor of PKA, on the neurite retraction along with evaluation of cell death and inflammatory markers in the differentiated PC12 cells, exposed to H2O2. We found that dose-dependent inhibition of PKA by low and medium concentrations of H-89 (5, 7 and 10 μM) enhanced the parameters of neurite outgrowth and complexity in the cells co-treated with H2O2 as an oxidative stress. Similar concentrations of H-89 significantly inhibited cell death and neurite retraction induced by oxidative stress. Components of TNF-α-NFκB-COX-2 axis, a discussed pathway in neuroinflammation, downregulated dose-dependently by administration of H-89 in H2O2-induced PC12 cells. In this condition, PKA inhibition by the high concentrations of H-89 (15 and 20 μM) led to enhanced cell death and inflammation with decreased neurite outgrowth. These findings indicate that H-89 has a dual contradictory effect on oxidative stress and inflammation that affect neurite outgrowth and complexity in differentiated PC12 cells.
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Jeong HM, Choi YH, Jeong HG, Jeong TC, Lee KY. Bromopropane compounds inhibit osteogenesis by ERK-dependent Runx2 inhibition in C2C12 cells. Arch Pharm Res 2013; 37:276-83. [DOI: 10.1007/s12272-013-0178-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2013] [Accepted: 06/04/2013] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
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8
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Han EH, Yang JH, Kim HK, Choi JH, Khanal T, Do MT, Chung YC, Lee KY, Jeong TC, Jeong HG. 1-Bromopropane up-regulates cyclooxygenase-2 expression via NF-κB and C/EBP activation in murine macrophages. Food Chem Toxicol 2012; 50:1616-22. [PMID: 22353212 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2012.02.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2011] [Revised: 01/07/2012] [Accepted: 02/01/2012] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
1-Bromopropane (1-BP) has been used in industry as an alternative to ozone-depleting solvents. In the present study, we examined the effect of 1-BP on cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) gene expression and analyzed the molecular mechanism of its activity in murine RAW 264.7 macrophages. 1-BP dose-dependently increased COX-2 protein and mRNA levels, as well as COX-2 promoter-driven luciferase activity in macrophages. Additionally, exposure to 1-BP markedly enhanced the production of prostaglandin E(2) (PGE(2)), a major COX-2 metabolite, in macrophages. Transfection experiments with several human COX-2 promoter constructs revealed that 1-BP activated the transcription factors nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) and CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein (C/EBP), but not AP-1 or the cyclic AMP response element binding protein. Furthermore, Akt and mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinases were significantly activated by 1-BP. These results demonstrated that 1-BP induced COX-2 expression via NF-κB and C/EBP activation through the Akt/ERK and p38 MAP kinase pathways. These findings provide further insight into the signal transduction pathways involved in the inflammatory effects of 1-BP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eun Hee Han
- Department of Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, South Korea
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Lee SK, Lee DJ, Jeon TW, Ko GS, Yoo SH, Ha HW, Kang MJ, Kang W, Kim SK, Jeong TC. Role of Glutathione Conjugation in 1-Bromobutane-induced Immunotoxicity in Mice. Toxicol Res 2010; 26:101-8. [PMID: 24278512 PMCID: PMC3834474 DOI: 10.5487/tr.2010.26.2.101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2010] [Revised: 05/24/2010] [Accepted: 05/25/2010] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Halogenated organic compounds, such as 1-bromobutane (1-BB) , have been used as cleaning agents, agents for chemical syntheses or extraction solvents in workplace. In the present study, immunotoxic effects of 1-BB and its conjugation with glutathione (GSH) were investigated in female BALB/c mice. Animals were treated orally with 1-BB at 375, 750 and 1500 mg/kg in corn oil once for dose response or treated orally with 1-BB at 1500 mg/kg for 6, 12, 24 and 48 hr for time course. S-Butyl GSH was identified in spleen by liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry. Splenic GSH levels were significantly reduced by single treatment with 1-BB. S-Butyl GSH conjugates were detected in spleen from 6 hr after treatment. Oral 1-BB significantly suppressed the antibody response to a T-dependent antigen and the production of splenic intracellular interlukin-2 in response to Con A. Our present results suggest that 1-BB could cause immunotoxicity as well as reduction of splenic GSH content, due to the formation of GSH conjugates in mice. The present results would be useful to understand molecular toxic mechanism of low molecular weight haloalkanes and to develop biological markers for exposure to haloalkanes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sang Kyu Lee
- College of Pharmacy, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan 712-749
| | - Dong Ju Lee
- College of Pharmacy, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan 712-749
| | | | - Gyu Sub Ko
- College of Pharmacy, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan 712-749
| | - Se Hyun Yoo
- College of Pharmacy, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan 712-749
| | - Hyun Woo Ha
- College of Pharmacy, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan 712-749
| | - Mi Jeong Kang
- College of Pharmacy, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan 712-749
| | - Wonku Kang
- College of Pharmacy, Catholic University of Daegu, Gyeongsan 712-702
| | - Sang Kyum Kim
- College of Pharmacy, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 305-764, Korea
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10
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Lee SK, Kang MJ, Jeon TW, Ha HW, Yoo JW, Ko GS, Kang W, Jeong HG, Lyoo WS, Jeong TC. Role of metabolism in 1-bromopropane-induced hepatotoxicity in mice. JOURNAL OF TOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH. PART A 2010; 73:1431-1440. [PMID: 20954070 DOI: 10.1080/15287394.2010.511546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
A possible role of metabolism in 1-bromopropane (1-BP)-induced hepatotoxicity was investigated in male ICR mice. The depletion of glutathione (GSH) by formation of GSH conjugates was associated with increased hepatotoxicity in 1-BP-treated mice. The formation of S-propyl and 2-hydroxypropyl GSH conjugates were identified in the liver following 1-BP treatment. In addition, the formation of reactive metabolites of 1-BP by certain cytochrome P-450 (CYP) may be involved in 1-BP-induced hepatotoxicity. The decreased content of hepatic GSH produced by 1-BP was associated not only with increased activities of alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) but also with elevated levels of hepatic thiobarbituric acid-reactive substance (TBARS) in mice where metabolic enzymes were induced by pretreatment with phenobarbital. In addition, the hepatotoxicity induced by 1-BP was prevented by pretreatment with SKF-525A. Taken together, the formation of reactive metabolites by CYP and depletion of GSH may play important roles in hepatotoxicity induced by 1-BP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sang Kyu Lee
- College of Pharmacy, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, Korea
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Fu H, Hu Z, Wen J, Wang K, Liu Y. TGF-beta promotes invasion and metastasis of gastric cancer cells by increasing fascin1 expression via ERK and JNK signal pathways. Acta Biochim Biophys Sin (Shanghai) 2009; 41:648-56. [PMID: 19657566 DOI: 10.1093/abbs/gmp053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-beta) is involved in actin cytoskeleton reorganization and tumor progression. Fascin1, an actin-binding protein, increases cell invasiveness and motility in various transformed cells. To determine whether fascin1 is an important mediator of the tumor response to TGF-beta, we applied the small interfering RNA (siRNA) technique to silence fascin1 in gastric cancer (GC) cells MKN45. Results showed that the effects of TGF-beta1 on GC cells invasion and metastasis were mediated by tumor production of fascin1; furthermore, it was found that TGF-beta1- induced fascin1 expression was suppressed by the specific inhibitors of JNK and ERK pathways, SP6001125 and PD98059, respectively, but not by transient transfection of Smad2 and Smad4 siRNA. Our data for the first time demonstrated that fascin1 is an important mediator of TGF-beta1-induced invasion and metastasis of GC cells, which involves JNK and ERK signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hua Fu
- Department of Pathology, Basic School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, China
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