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Long W, Liu S, Li XX, Shen X, Zeng J, Luo JS, Li KR, Wu AG, Yu L, Qin DL, Hu GQ, Yang J, Wu JM. Whole transcriptome sequencing and integrated network analysis elucidates the effects of 3,8-Di-O-methylellagic acid 2-O-glucoside derived from Sanguisorba offcinalis L., a novel differentiation inducer on erythroleukemia cells. Pharmacol Res 2021; 166:105491. [PMID: 33582247 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2021.105491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2020] [Revised: 12/05/2020] [Accepted: 02/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Acute erythroid leukemia (AEL) is a rare and aggressive hematologic malignancy with no specific treatment. Sanguisorba officinalis L. (S. officinalis), a well-known traditional Chinese medicine, possesses potent anticancer activity. However, the active components of S. officinalis against AEL and the associated molecular mechanisms remain unknown. In this study, we predicted the anti-AML effect of S. officinalis based on network pharmacology. Through the identification of active components of S. officinalis, we found that 3,8-Di-O-methylellagic acid 2-O-glucoside (DMAG) not only significantly inhibited the proliferation of erythroleukemic cell line HEL, but also induced their differentiation to megakaryocytes. Furthermore, we demonstrated that DMAG could prolong the survival of AEL mice model. Whole-transcriptome sequencing was performed to elucidate the underlying molecular mechanisms associated with anti-AEL effect of DMAG. The results showed that the total of 68 miRNAs, 595 lncRNAs, 4030 mRNAs and 35 circRNAs were significantly differentially expressed during DMAG induced proliferation inhibition and differentiation of HEL cells. Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway analyses revealed that the differentially expressed miRNAs, lncRNAs, mRNAs and circRNAs were mainly involved in metabolic, HIF-1, MAPK, Notch pathway and apoptosis. The co-expression networks showed that miR-23a-5p, miR-92a-1-5p, miR-146b and miR-760 regulatory networks were crucial for megakaryocyte differentiation induced by DMAG. In conclusion, our results suggest that DMAG, derived from S. officinalis might be a potent differentiation inducer of AEL cells and provide important information on the underlying mechanisms associated with its anti-AEL activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wang Long
- School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China
| | - Sha Liu
- School of Preclinical Medicine, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China
| | - Xiao-Xuan Li
- School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China; Department of Pharmacy, The Second People's Hospital of Yibin, Yibin 644000, China
| | - Xin Shen
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 610075, China
| | - Jing Zeng
- School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China
| | - Jie-Si Luo
- School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China
| | - Ke-Ru Li
- School of Preclinical Medicine, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China
| | - An-Guo Wu
- School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China; Education Ministry Key Laboratory of Medical Electrophysiology, Sichuan Key Medical Laboratory of New Drug Discovery and Druggability Evaluation, Luzhou Key Laboratory of Activity Screening and Druggability Evaluation for Chinese Materia Medica, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China
| | - Lu Yu
- School of Preclinical Medicine, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China
| | - Da-Lian Qin
- School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China; Education Ministry Key Laboratory of Medical Electrophysiology, Sichuan Key Medical Laboratory of New Drug Discovery and Druggability Evaluation, Luzhou Key Laboratory of Activity Screening and Druggability Evaluation for Chinese Materia Medica, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China
| | - Guang-Qiang Hu
- School of Preclinical Medicine, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China.
| | - Jing Yang
- School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China.
| | - Jian-Ming Wu
- School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China; Education Ministry Key Laboratory of Medical Electrophysiology, Sichuan Key Medical Laboratory of New Drug Discovery and Druggability Evaluation, Luzhou Key Laboratory of Activity Screening and Druggability Evaluation for Chinese Materia Medica, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China.
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Identification of Immune-Related Prognostic Biomarkers Associated with HPV-Positive Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma. J Immunol Res 2021; 2021:6661625. [PMID: 33506058 PMCID: PMC7810542 DOI: 10.1155/2021/6661625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2020] [Revised: 12/20/2020] [Accepted: 12/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background As a type of malignant tumor, head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) seriously threatens human health. This study is aimed at constructing a new, reliable prognostic model. Method The gene expression profile data of HNSCC patients were downloaded from the Gene Expression Omnibus and The Cancer Genome Atlas databases. The immune-related differentially expressed genes (IRDEGs) related to HNSCC were identified. We then used Cox regression analysis and least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) analysis to explore IRDEGs related to the HNSCC prognosis and to construct and validate a risk scoring model and used ESTIMATE to evaluate tumor immune infiltration in HNSCC patients. Finally, we validated IGSF5 expression and function in HNSCC cells. Results A total of 1,195 IRDEGs were found from the GSE65858 dataset. Thirty-one of the 1,195 IRDEGs were associated with the prognosis of HNSCC. Nine key IRDEGs were further selected using the LASSO method, and a risk scoring model was established for predicting the survival of HNSCC patients. According to the risk scoring model, the prognosis of patients in the high-risk group was worse than that of the low-risk group; the high-risk group had significantly higher immune scores than the low-risk group; and between the high- and low-risk samples, there were significant differences in the proportion of 10 types of cells, including naive cells, plasma cells, and resting CD4+ memory T cells. IGSF5 has low expression in HNSCC, and overexpression of IGSF5 significantly impaired HNSCC cell proliferation. Conclusion This prognostic risk assessment model can help systematically evaluate the survival prognosis of HNSCC patients and provides a new research direction for the improvement of the survival prognosis of HNSCC patients in clinical practice.
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Konings G, Brentjens L, Delvoux B, Linnanen T, Cornel K, Koskimies P, Bongers M, Kruitwagen R, Xanthoulea S, Romano A. Intracrine Regulation of Estrogen and Other Sex Steroid Levels in Endometrium and Non-gynecological Tissues; Pathology, Physiology, and Drug Discovery. Front Pharmacol 2018; 9:940. [PMID: 30283331 PMCID: PMC6157328 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2018.00940] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2018] [Accepted: 08/02/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Our understanding of the intracrine (or local) regulation of estrogen and other steroid synthesis and degradation expanded in the last decades, also thanks to recent technological advances in chromatography mass-spectrometry. Estrogen responsive tissues and organs are not passive receivers of the pool of steroids present in the blood but they can actively modify the intra-tissue steroid concentrations. This allows fine-tuning the exposure of responsive tissues and organs to estrogens and other steroids in order to best respond to the physiological needs of each specific organ. Deviations in such intracrine control can lead to unbalanced steroid hormone exposure and disturbances. Through a systematic bibliographic search on the expression of the intracrine enzymes in various tissues, this review gives an up-to-date view of the intracrine estrogen metabolisms, and to a lesser extent that of progestogens and androgens, in the lower female genital tract, including the physiological control of endometrial functions, receptivity, menopausal status and related pathological conditions. An overview of the intracrine regulation in extra gynecological tissues such as the lungs, gastrointestinal tract, brain, colon and bone is given. Current therapeutic approaches aimed at interfering with these metabolisms and future perspectives are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gonda Konings
- GROW–School for Oncology and Developmental Biology, Maastricht University, Maastricht, Netherlands
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht, Netherlands
| | - Linda Brentjens
- GROW–School for Oncology and Developmental Biology, Maastricht University, Maastricht, Netherlands
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht, Netherlands
| | - Bert Delvoux
- GROW–School for Oncology and Developmental Biology, Maastricht University, Maastricht, Netherlands
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht, Netherlands
| | | | - Karlijn Cornel
- GROW–School for Oncology and Developmental Biology, Maastricht University, Maastricht, Netherlands
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht, Netherlands
| | | | - Marlies Bongers
- GROW–School for Oncology and Developmental Biology, Maastricht University, Maastricht, Netherlands
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht, Netherlands
| | - Roy Kruitwagen
- GROW–School for Oncology and Developmental Biology, Maastricht University, Maastricht, Netherlands
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht, Netherlands
| | - Sofia Xanthoulea
- GROW–School for Oncology and Developmental Biology, Maastricht University, Maastricht, Netherlands
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht, Netherlands
| | - Andrea Romano
- GROW–School for Oncology and Developmental Biology, Maastricht University, Maastricht, Netherlands
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht, Netherlands
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Catanzaro G, Besharat ZM, Miele E, Chiacchiarini M, Po A, Carai A, Marras CE, Antonelli M, Badiali M, Raso A, Mascelli S, Schrimpf D, Stichel D, Tartaglia M, Capper D, von Deimling A, Giangaspero F, Mastronuzzi A, Locatelli F, Ferretti E. The miR-139-5p regulates proliferation of supratentorial paediatric low-grade gliomas by targeting the PI3K/AKT/mTORC1 signalling. Neuropathol Appl Neurobiol 2018; 44:687-706. [PMID: 29478280 DOI: 10.1111/nan.12479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2017] [Accepted: 02/06/2018] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Paediatric low-grade gliomas (pLGGs) are a heterogeneous group of brain tumours associated with a high overall survival: however, they are prone to recur and supratentorial lesions are difficult to resect, being associated with high percentage of disease recurrence. Our aim was to shed light on the biology of pLGGs. METHODS We performed microRNA profiling on 45 fresh-frozen grade I tumour samples of various histological classes, resected from patients aged ≤16 years. We identified 93 microRNAs specifically dysregulated in tumours as compared to non-neoplastic brain tissue. Pathway analysis of the microRNAs signature revealed PI3K/AKT signalling as one of the centrally enriched oncogenic signalling. To date, activation of the PI3K/AKT pathway in pLGGs has been reported, although activation mechanisms have not been fully investigated yet. RESULTS One of the most markedly down-regulated microRNAs in our supratentorial pLGGs cohort was miR-139-5p, whose targets include the gene encoding the PI3K's (phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase) catalytic unit, PIK3CA. We investigated the role of miR-139-5p in regulating PI3K/AKT signalling by the use of human cell cultures derived from supratentorial pLGGs. MiR-139-5p overexpression inhibited pLGG cell proliferation and decreased the phosphorylation of PI3K target AKT and phosphorylated-p70 S6 kinase (p-p70 S6K), a hallmark of PI3K/AKT/mTORC1 signalling activation. The effect of miR-139-5p was mediated by PI3K inhibition, as suggested by the decrease in proliferation and phosphorylation of AKT and p70 S6K after treatment with the direct PI3K inhibitor LY294002. CONCLUSIONS These findings provide the first evidence that down-regulation of miR-139-5p in supratentorial pLGG drives cell proliferation by derepressing PI3K/AKT signalling.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Catanzaro
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University, Rome, Italy
| | - Z M Besharat
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University, Rome, Italy
| | - E Miele
- Center for Life NanoScience@Sapienza, IIT, Rome, Italy
| | - M Chiacchiarini
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University, Rome, Italy
- Center for Life NanoScience@Sapienza, IIT, Rome, Italy
| | - A Po
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University, Rome, Italy
| | - A Carai
- Neurosurgery Unit, Department of Neuroscience and Neurorehabilitation, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - C E Marras
- Neurosurgery Unit, Department of Neuroscience and Neurorehabilitation, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - M Antonelli
- Department of Radiological, Oncological and Pathological Science, Sapienza University, Rome, Italy
| | - M Badiali
- Bone Marrow Transplantation Unit, Microcitemico Children's Hospital, Cagliari, Italy
| | - A Raso
- Giannina Gaslini Institute, Genoa, Italy
| | - S Mascelli
- Giannina Gaslini Institute, Genoa, Italy
| | - D Schrimpf
- Department of Neuropathology, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
- German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) and German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Clinical Cooperation Unit (CCU) Neuropathology, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - D Stichel
- German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) and German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Clinical Cooperation Unit (CCU) Neuropathology, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - M Tartaglia
- Genetics and Rare Diseases Research Division, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, Rome, Italy
| | - D Capper
- Department of Neuropathology, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
- German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) and German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Clinical Cooperation Unit (CCU) Neuropathology, Heidelberg, Germany
- Department of Neuropathology, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - A von Deimling
- Department of Neuropathology, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
- German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) and German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Clinical Cooperation Unit (CCU) Neuropathology, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - F Giangaspero
- Department of Radiological, Oncological and Pathological Science, Sapienza University, Rome, Italy
- IRCCS Neuromed, Pozzilli, Italy
| | - A Mastronuzzi
- Department of Hematology/Oncology and Stem Cell Transplantation, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - F Locatelli
- Department of Hematology/Oncology and Stem Cell Transplantation, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
- University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - E Ferretti
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University, Rome, Italy
- IRCCS Neuromed, Pozzilli, Italy
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Wenger A, Larsson S, Danielsson A, Elbæk KJ, Kettunen P, Tisell M, Sabel M, Lannering B, Nordborg C, Schepke E, Carén H. Stem cell cultures derived from pediatric brain tumors accurately model the originating tumors. Oncotarget 2017; 8:18626-18639. [PMID: 28148893 PMCID: PMC5386635 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.14826] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2016] [Accepted: 01/16/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Brain tumors are the leading cause of cancer-related death in children but high-grade gliomas in children and adolescents have remained a relatively under-investigated disease despite this. A better understanding of the cellular and molecular pathogenesis of the diseases is required in order to improve the outcome for these children. In vitro-cultured primary tumor cells from patients are indispensable tools for this purpose by enabling functional analyses and development of new therapies. However, relevant well-characterized in vitro cultures from pediatric gliomas cultured under serum-free conditions have been lacking. We have therefore established patient-derived in vitro cultures and performed thorough characterization of the cells using large-scale analyses of DNA methylation, copy-number alterations and investigated their stability during prolonged time in culture. We show that the cells were stable during prolonged culture in serum-free stem cell media without apparent alterations in morphology or growth rate. The cells were proliferative, positive for stem cell markers, able to respond to differentiation cues and initiated tumors in zebrafish and mice suggesting that the cells are cancer stem cells or progenitor cells. The cells accurately mirrored the tumor they were derived from in terms of methylation pattern, copy number alterations and DNA mutations. These unique primary in vitro cultures can thus be used as a relevant and robust model system for functional studies on pediatric brain tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Wenger
- Department of Pathology, Sahlgrenska Cancer Center, Institute of Biomedicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Susanna Larsson
- Department of Pathology, Sahlgrenska Cancer Center, Institute of Biomedicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Anna Danielsson
- Department of Oncology, Sahlgrenska Cancer Center, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Kirstine Juul Elbæk
- Department of Pathology, Sahlgrenska Cancer Center, Institute of Biomedicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Petronella Kettunen
- Department of Psychiatry and Neurochemistry, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.,Department of Neuropathology, Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Oxford, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Magnus Tisell
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience and Rehabilitation, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Magnus Sabel
- Department of Pediatrics, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.,The Queen Silvia Children's Hospital, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Birgitta Lannering
- Department of Pediatrics, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.,The Queen Silvia Children's Hospital, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Claes Nordborg
- Department of Pathology, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Elizabeth Schepke
- Department of Pathology, Sahlgrenska Cancer Center, Institute of Biomedicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.,The Queen Silvia Children's Hospital, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Helena Carén
- Department of Pathology, Sahlgrenska Cancer Center, Institute of Biomedicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
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Zinc and zinc-containing biomolecules in childhood brain tumors. J Mol Med (Berl) 2016; 94:1199-1215. [PMID: 27638340 DOI: 10.1007/s00109-016-1454-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2016] [Revised: 07/13/2016] [Accepted: 07/27/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Zinc ions are essential cofactors of a wide range of enzymes, transcription factors, and other regulatory proteins. Moreover, zinc is also involved in cellular signaling and enzymes inhibition. Zinc dysregulation, deficiency, over-supply, and imbalance in zinc ion transporters regulation are connected with various diseases including cancer. A zinc ion pool is maintained by two types of proteins: (i) zinc-binding proteins, which act as a buffer and intracellular donors of zinc and (ii) zinc transporters responsible for zinc fluxes into/from cells and organelles. The decreased serum zinc ion levels have been identified in patients suffering from various cancer diseases, including head and neck tumors and breast, prostate, liver, and lung cancer. On the contrary, increased zinc ion levels have been found in breast cancer and other malignant tissues. Zinc metalloproteomes of a majority of tumors including brain ones are still not yet fully understood. Current knowledge show that zinc ion levels and detection of certain zinc-containing proteins may be utilized for diagnostic and prognostic purposes. In addition, these proteins can also be promising therapeutic targets. The aim of the present work is an overview of the importance of zinc ions, zinc transporters, and zinc-containing proteins in brain tumors, which are, after leukemia, the second most common type of childhood cancer and the second leading cause of death in children after accidents.
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Qin W, Xie W, Xia N, He Q, Sun T. Silencing of Transient Receptor Potential Channel 4 Alleviates oxLDL-induced Angiogenesis in Human Coronary Artery Endothelial Cells by Inhibition of VEGF and NF-κB. Med Sci Monit 2016; 22:930-6. [PMID: 26999308 PMCID: PMC4805139 DOI: 10.12659/msm.897634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Transient receptor potential channel 4 (TRPC4) plays central roles in endothelial cell function. The aim of this study was to investigate the silencing effects of TRPC4 on oxidized low-density lipoprotein (oxLDL)-induced angiogenesis in human coronary artery endothelial cells (HCAECs), as well as the underlying molecular mechanism involved in this process. Material/Methods HCAECs were transfected with small interfering RNA (siRNA) targeting TRPC4 (TRPC4-siRNA) or with a negative control (NC)-siRNA. The expression of TRPC4 was confirmed by real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and Western blotting. After the siRNA transfection, oxLDL was added to the medium. Cell proliferation, migration, and in vitro angiogenesis were determined by bromodeoxyuridine (BrdU) enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), Transwell assay and scratch-wound assay, respectively, and tube formation on Matrigel. Expression of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and nuclear factor (NF)-κB p65 were assessed by Western blotting. Results Both the mRNA and protein levels of TRPC4 were significantly reduced by transfection with TRPC4-siRNA compared to the control group or NC-siRNA group (P<0.05). Silencing of TRPC4 significantly decreased the cell proliferation, migration, and tube formation (all P<0.05). Furthermore, the expression levels of VEGF and NF-κB p65 were markedly lowered by silencing of TRPC4 in HCAECs. Conclusions These results suggest that silencing of TRPC4 alleviates angiogenesis induced by oxLDL in HCAECs through inactivation of VEGF and NF-κB. Suppression of TRPC4 might be an alternative therapeutic strategy for atherosclerotic neovascularization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen Qin
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China (mainland)
| | - Wei Xie
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China (mainland)
| | - Ning Xia
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China (mainland)
| | - Qinglin He
- , Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China (mainland)
| | - Tianwei Sun
- , Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China (mainland)
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Extending in silico mechanism-of-action analysis by annotating targets with pathways: application to cellular cytotoxicity readouts. Future Med Chem 2014; 6:2029-56. [DOI: 10.4155/fmc.14.137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: An in silico mechanism-of-action analysis protocol was developed, comprising molecule bioactivity profiling, annotation of predicted targets with pathways and calculation of enrichment factors to highlight targets and pathways more likely to be implicated in the studied phenotype. Results: The method was applied to a cytotoxicity phenotypic endpoint, with enriched targets/pathways found to be statistically significant when compared with 100 random datasets. Application on a smaller apoptotic set (10 molecules) did not allowed to obtain statistically relevant results, suggesting that the protocol requires modification such as analysis of the most frequently predicted targets/annotated pathways. Conclusion: Pathway annotations improved the mechanism-of-action information gained by target prediction alone, allowing a better interpretation of the predictions and providing better mapping of targets onto pathways.
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Cai H, Kumar N, Ai N, Gupta S, Rath P, Baudis M. Progenetix: 12 years of oncogenomic data curation. Nucleic Acids Res 2014; 42:D1055-62. [PMID: 24225322 PMCID: PMC3965091 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkt1108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2013] [Revised: 10/21/2013] [Accepted: 10/21/2013] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
DNA copy number aberrations (CNAs) can be found in the majority of cancer genomes and are crucial for understanding the potential mechanisms underlying tumor initiation and progression. Since the first release in 2001, the Progenetix project (http://www.progenetix.org) has provided a reference resource dedicated to provide the most comprehensive collection of genome-wide CNA profiles. Reflecting the application of comparative genomic hybridization techniques to tens of thousands of cancer genomes, over the past 12 years our data curation efforts have resulted in a more than 60-fold increase in the number of cancer samples presented through Progenetix. In addition, new data exploration tools and visualization options have been added. In particular, the gene-specific CNA frequency analysis should facilitate the assignment of cancer genes to related cancer types. In addition, the new user file processing interface allows users to take advantage of the online tools, including various data representation options for proprietary data pre-publication. In this update article, we report recent improvements of the database in terms of content, user interface and online tools.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haoyang Cai
- Institute of Molecular Life Sciences, University of Zürich, CH-8057 Zürich, Switzerland, Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, University of Zürich, CH-8057 Zürich, Switzerland and Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, University of Lausanne, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Nitin Kumar
- Institute of Molecular Life Sciences, University of Zürich, CH-8057 Zürich, Switzerland, Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, University of Zürich, CH-8057 Zürich, Switzerland and Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, University of Lausanne, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Ni Ai
- Institute of Molecular Life Sciences, University of Zürich, CH-8057 Zürich, Switzerland, Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, University of Zürich, CH-8057 Zürich, Switzerland and Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, University of Lausanne, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Saumya Gupta
- Institute of Molecular Life Sciences, University of Zürich, CH-8057 Zürich, Switzerland, Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, University of Zürich, CH-8057 Zürich, Switzerland and Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, University of Lausanne, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Prisni Rath
- Institute of Molecular Life Sciences, University of Zürich, CH-8057 Zürich, Switzerland, Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, University of Zürich, CH-8057 Zürich, Switzerland and Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, University of Lausanne, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Michael Baudis
- Institute of Molecular Life Sciences, University of Zürich, CH-8057 Zürich, Switzerland, Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, University of Zürich, CH-8057 Zürich, Switzerland and Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, University of Lausanne, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
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Ajeawung NF, Faure R, Jones C, Kamnasaran D. Preclinical evaluation of dipotassium bisperoxo (picolinato) oxovanadate V for the treatment of pediatric low-grade gliomas. Future Oncol 2013; 9:1215-29. [PMID: 23902250 DOI: 10.2217/fon.13.73] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
AIM The treatment of pediatric low-grade gliomas with current treatment modalities still remains ineffective among a subset of patients; hence, justifying the need to further investigate more effective therapies. Dipotassium bisperoxo (picolinato) oxovanadate V (Bpv[pic]), is a derivative of the trace metal vanadium and a potent inhibitor of protein tyrosine phosphatases, which are important mediators of oncogenic and tumor suppressive activities in cancers. In this study, we undertook a preclinical evaluation of the antineoplastic functions of Bpv(pic) in the treatment of pediatric low-grade gliomas. MATERIALS & METHODS We utilized pediatric low-grade glioma cell lines (Res186, Res259 and R286) in a wide variety of cancer assays to determine whether Bpv(pic) can abrogate the neoplastic properties of these cells. RESULTS Our preclinical evaluation of the antineoplastic properties of Bpv(pic) in pediatric low-grade gliomas reveals a significant dose-dependent decrease in cell viability as a consequence of decreased proliferation and sustained induction of growth arrest and apoptosis. Bpv(pic) significantly decreases cell migration/invasion and anchorage-independent growth in soft agarose. Within cells, Bpv(pic) functions by attenuating CDC25A activity, and by decreasing the expression of multiple protein tyrosine phosphatases, DNA repair genes, microtubule-associated genes, such as PLK1, AURKA and HDAC6, and conversely augmenting the expression of proapoptotic mediators such as BAK, AIFM and CTSL1. CONCLUSION Collectively, our data strongly suggest novel evidence of Bpv(pic) being a potent antineoplastic drug and a suitable alternative for the treatment of pediatric low-grade gliomas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Norbert Fonya Ajeawung
- Department of Pediatrics, Laval University, 2705 Boulevard Laurier, Local RC9800, Québec, QC, G1V 4G2, Canada
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Ajeawung NF, Joshi HC, Kamnasaran D. Investigation of Targetin, a Microtubule Binding Agent which Regresses the Growth of Pediatric High and Low Grade Gliomas. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2013; 1:32-40. [PMID: 24749125 PMCID: PMC3991468 DOI: 10.14205/2309-3021.2013.01.01.5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Background Pediatric gliomas, the most common solid childhood neoplasm, manifest unique molecular signatures that distinguish them from adult gliomas. Unfortunately, most studies have focused on adult gliomas and extrapolate the findings to treat pediatric gliomas. In this study, we assessed the efficacy of Targetin, a folate conjugated analogue of Noscapine, on the treatment of pediatric low and high grade gliomas. Method An assortment of standard cancer assays were used with different drug doses and experimental durations. Results We found that pediatric glioma cells are more susceptible to lower doses of Targetin than parental Noscapine. Targetin functions by disrupting the microtubule network, and can likewise perturb DNA synthesis, delay the cellular transition within the S and G2M cell cycle phases, diminish anchorage independent growth and the migratory/invasiveness of pediatric glioma cells. Moreover, Targetin impairs the expression of several regulators of cancer progression belonging to prominent signalling pathways in pediatric gliomas; including Platelet Derived Growth Factor alpha and some members of the Mitogen Activated Protein Kinase cascade. Conclusion Targetin has an excellent anti-neoplastic profile and functions to modulate the expression of several genes belonging to key cancer progression pathways in pediatric gliomas. Collectively, findings from this study highlight the usefulness of Targetin for the treatment of pediatric high and low grade gliomas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Norbert F Ajeawung
- Department of Pediatrics, Laval University, Québec, Québec, G1V 4G2, Canada
| | - Harish C Joshi
- Department of Cell Biology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - Deepak Kamnasaran
- Department of Pediatrics, Laval University, Québec, Québec, G1V 4G2, Canada
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Ajeawung NF, Mononen L, Thorn A, Pin AL, Joshi HC, Huot J, Kamnasaran D. In-Vitro and Ex-Vivo Investigations of the Microtubule Binding Drug Targetin on Angiogenesis. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2013; 1:41-47. [PMID: 24749126 PMCID: PMC3991473 DOI: 10.14205/2309-3021.2013.01.01.6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Background Intervention aimed at disrupting or inhibiting newly formed vascular network is highly desired to attenuate the progression of angiogenesis-dependent diseases. In cancer, this is tightly associated with the generation of VEGF by hypoxia inducible factor-1α following its activation by hypoxia. In light of the multiple cellular roles played by microtubules and their involvement in the processing of the hypoxia inducible factor-1α transcript, modulation of microtubule dynamics is emerging as a logical approach to suppress tumor reliance on angiogenesis. Targetin is a novel noscapinoid that interferes with microtubule dynamicity and inhibits the growth of cell lines from many types of cancers. Methods and Results Utilizing in-vitro and ex-vivo angiogenic models, we discovered the vascular disrupting and anti-angiogenic properties of Targetin. Targetin disrupted pre-assembled capillary-like networks of human endothelial cells by severing cell-cell junctions, inhibiting endothelial cell proliferation and metabolic activity in the presence and absence of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF). Furthermore, we show that Targetin significantly inhibits the formation of neovasculature network sprouting from rat aortic explants stimulated with proangiogenic stimuli, namely VEGF or bFGF. Conclusion We conclude that Targetin is a potential clinically promising anti-angiogenic agent for the treatment of many diseases including cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Norbert F Ajeawung
- Department of Pediatrics, Laval University, Québec, Québec, G1V 4G2, Canada
| | - Lotta Mononen
- Department of Pediatrics, Laval University, Québec, Québec, G1V 4G2, Canada
| | - Andrea Thorn
- Department of Pediatrics, Laval University, Québec, Québec, G1V 4G2, Canada
| | - Anne-Laure Pin
- Centre de recherche du CHU de Québec, Québec, G1V 4G2, Canada
| | - Harish C Joshi
- Department of Cell Biology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - Jacques Huot
- Centre de recherche du CHU de Québec, Québec, G1V 4G2, Canada ; Department of Molecular Biology, Medical Biology and Pathology, Québec, Québec, G1V 4G2, Canada
| | - Deepak Kamnasaran
- Department of Pediatrics, Laval University, Québec, Québec, G1V 4G2, Canada
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