1
|
Wolde T, Bhardwaj V, Reyad-ul-Ferdous M, Qin P, Pandey V. The Integrated Bioinformatic Approach Reveals the Prognostic Significance of LRP1 Expression in Ovarian Cancer. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:7996. [PMID: 39063239 PMCID: PMC11276689 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25147996] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2024] [Revised: 07/14/2024] [Accepted: 07/18/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
A hyperactive tumour microenvironment (TME) drives unrestricted cancer cell survival, drug resistance, and metastasis in ovarian carcinoma (OC). However, therapeutic targets within the TME for OC remain elusive, and efficient methods to quantify TME activity are still limited. Herein, we employed an integrated bioinformatics approach to determine which immune-related genes (IRGs) modulate the TME and further assess their potential theragnostic (therapeutic + diagnostic) significance in OC progression. Using a robust approach, we developed a predictive risk model to retrospectively examine the clinicopathological parameters of OC patients from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database. The validity of the prognostic model was confirmed with data from the International Cancer Genome Consortium (ICGC) cohort. Our approach identified nine IRGs, AKT2, FGF7, FOS, IL27RA, LRP1, OBP2A, PAEP, PDGFRA, and PI3, that form a prognostic model in OC progression, distinguishing patients with significantly better clinical outcomes in the low-risk group. We validated this model as an independent prognostic indicator and demonstrated enhanced prognostic significance when used alongside clinical nomograms for accurate prediction. Elevated LRP1 expression, which indicates poor prognosis in bladder cancer (BLCA), OC, low-grade gliomas (LGG), and glioblastoma (GBM), was also associated with immune infiltration in several other cancers. Significant correlations with immune checkpoint genes (ICGs) highlight the potential importance of LRP1 as a biomarker and therapeutic target. Furthermore, gene set enrichment analysis highlighted LRP1's involvement in metabolism-related pathways, supporting its prognostic and therapeutic relevance also in BLCA, OC, low-grade gliomas (LGG), GBM, kidney cancer, OC, BLCA, kidney renal clear cell carcinoma (KIRC), stomach adenocarcinoma (STAD), and stomach and oesophageal carcinoma (STES). Our study has generated a novel signature of nine IRGs within the TME across cancers, that could serve as potential prognostic predictors and provide a valuable resource to improve the prognosis of OC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tesfaye Wolde
- Institute of Biopharmaceutical and Health Engineering, Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen 518055, China; (T.W.); (M.R.-u.-F.)
| | - Vipul Bhardwaj
- Tsinghua Berkeley Shenzhen Institute, Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen 518055, China;
| | - Md. Reyad-ul-Ferdous
- Institute of Biopharmaceutical and Health Engineering, Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen 518055, China; (T.W.); (M.R.-u.-F.)
| | - Peiwu Qin
- Institute of Biopharmaceutical and Health Engineering, Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen 518055, China; (T.W.); (M.R.-u.-F.)
- Tsinghua Berkeley Shenzhen Institute, Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen 518055, China;
| | - Vijay Pandey
- Institute of Biopharmaceutical and Health Engineering, Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen 518055, China; (T.W.); (M.R.-u.-F.)
- Tsinghua Berkeley Shenzhen Institute, Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen 518055, China;
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Zacharouli K, Vageli DP, Koukoulis GK, Ioannou M. Patient with prostatic adenocarcinoma with plasmacytoid features and an aberrant immunohistochemical phenotype diagnosed by biopsy and a mini-review of plasmacytoid features in the genitourinary system: A case report. Mol Clin Oncol 2022; 16:67. [PMID: 35154707 DOI: 10.3892/mco.2022.2500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2021] [Accepted: 12/31/2021] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Prostate cancer is one of the most commonly diagnosed malignancies in men. Most of these tumors are adenocarcinomas. Plasmacytoid is a rare variant of adenocarcinoma described by previous studies in the genitourinary system and is characterized by the plasmacytoid appearance of tumor cells with abundant cytoplasm and abnormally placed hyperchromatic nuclei. However, to the best of our knowledge, plasmacytoid adenocarcinoma has rarely been described in the prostate. This report describes a new case of plasmacytoid adenocarcinoma of the prostate diagnosed by biopsy and summarizes the known literature on plasmacytoid features in the genitourinary system. A 62-year-old male patient presented to the hospital with urinary retention, hematuria, weakness and weight loss. The digital rectal examination revealed an irregular enlargement. Laboratory findings showed elevated levels of prostate specific antigen (PSA; 43.6 ng/ml). Transrectal ultrasound showed invasion of the right seminal vesicle. Prostate tumor core biopsies were collected and sent for diagnosis. Histological examination revealed a high-grade prostatic adenocarcinoma Gleason score of 5+5 (total score 10). The tumor cells had a plasmacytoid appearance with abundant cytoplasm and abnormally placed hyperchromatic nuclei. The immunohistochemical phenotype was characterized by abundant positivity for cytokeratin (CK)AE1/AE3 and PSA. By contrast, tumor cells were negative for p63, CK 34BE12 and GATA binding protein 3 (urothelial markers), synaptophysin (neuroendocrine marker). Tumor cells were also negative for E-cadherin, which is particularly indicative of CDH1 alterations. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first description of a plasmacytoid adenocarcinoma of the prostate diagnosed by biopsy, showing an irregular immunophenotype that may indicate somatic CDH1 alterations. The presentation of a novel rare variant of prostatic carcinoma that differs from other neoplasms of the genitourinary system may contribute to an improved understanding of this uncommonly found histological pattern that may also be mandatory due to the clinical and prognostic implications of this diagnosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Konstantina Zacharouli
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, School of Health Sciences, University of Thessaly, Biopolis, 41500 Larissa, Greece
| | - Dimitra P Vageli
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, School of Health Sciences, University of Thessaly, Biopolis, 41500 Larissa, Greece
| | - George K Koukoulis
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, School of Health Sciences, University of Thessaly, Biopolis, 41500 Larissa, Greece
| | - Maria Ioannou
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, School of Health Sciences, University of Thessaly, Biopolis, 41500 Larissa, Greece
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Mesenchymal Stromal Cell-derived Extracellular Vesicles in Preclinical Animal Models of Tumor Growth: Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. Stem Cell Rev Rep 2021; 18:993-1006. [PMID: 33860455 DOI: 10.1007/s12015-021-10163-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mesenchymal stromal cell derived extracellular vesicles (MSC-EVs) have been implicated in the regulation of tumor growth. Studies remain preclinical with effects ranging from inhibition of tumor growth to cancer progression. A systematic review and meta-analysis is needed to clarify the effect of MSC-EVs on tumor growth to facilitate potential translation to clinical trials. METHODS A systematic search of the literature (MEDLINE, Embase, and BIOSIS databases to June 1, 2019) identified all pre-clinical controlled studies investigating the effect of MSC-EVs on tumor growth. Study selection and data extraction were performed in duplicate. Potential risk of bias was assessed using the SYRCLE tool. A random effects meta-analysis of reduction in tumor weight/volume (primary outcome) was performed. RESULTS We identified 29 articles and 22 reported data on tumor responses that were included for meta-analysis. Studies were associated with unclear risk of bias in a large proportion of domains in accordance with the SYRCLE tool for determining risk of bias in preclinical studies. A high risk of bias was not identified in any study. MSC-EVs had a mixed response on tumor progression with some studies reporting inhibition of tumor growth and others reporting tumor progression. Overall, MSC-EVs exerted a non-significant reduction in tumor growth compared to controls (standardized mean difference (SMD) -0.80, 95 % CI -1.64 to 0.03, p = 0.06, I2 = 87 %). Some studies reported increased tumor growth which aligned with their stated hypothesis and some interrogated mechanisms in cancer biology. EVs isolated from MSCs that overexpressed anti-tumor RNAs were associated with significant tumor reduction in meta-analysis (SMD - 2.40, 95 % CI -3.36 to -1.44, p < 0.001). Heterogeneity between studies was observed and included aspects of study design such as enrichment of MSC-EVs with specific anti-tumor molecules, tissue source of MSCs, method of EV isolation, characterization of MSCs and EVs, dosage and administration schedules, and tissue type and source of tumor cells studied. CONCLUSIONS MSC-EVs are associated with mixed effects on tumor growth in animal models of cancer. In studies where anti-tumor RNAs are packaged in EVs, a significant reduction in tumor growth was observed. Reducing heterogeneity in study design may accelerate our understanding of the potential effects of MSC-EVs on cancer. [274 words] Forest plot of MSC-EV effect on tumor growth accordinggenetic modification of EVs in animal studies identified from a systematicreview of the literature. All cohorts from studies with multiple interventiongroups are presented separately with control groups divided equally among thegroups. M, modified; H, hypoxia.
Collapse
|
4
|
Wang YA, Sfakianos J, Tewari AK, Cordon-Cardo C, Kyprianou N. Molecular tracing of prostate cancer lethality. Oncogene 2020; 39:7225-7238. [PMID: 33046797 DOI: 10.1038/s41388-020-01496-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2020] [Revised: 09/16/2020] [Accepted: 09/28/2020] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Prostate cancer is diagnosed mostly in men over the age of 50 years, and has favorable 5-year survival rates due to early cancer detection and availability of curative surgical management. However, progression to metastasis and emergence of therapeutic resistance are responsible for the majority of prostate cancer mortalities. Recent advancement in sequencing technologies and computational capabilities have improved the ability to organize and analyze large data, thus enabling the identification of novel biomarkers for survival, metastatic progression and patient prognosis. Large-scale sequencing studies have also uncovered genetic and epigenetic signatures associated with prostate cancer molecular subtypes, supporting the development of personalized targeted-therapies. However, the current state of mainstream prostate cancer management does not take full advantage of the personalized diagnostic and treatment modalities available. This review focuses on interrogating biomarkers of prostate cancer progression, including gene signatures that correspond to the acquisition of tumor lethality and those of predictive and prognostic value in progression to advanced disease, and suggest how we can use our knowledge of biomarkers and molecular subtypes to improve patient treatment and survival outcomes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuanshuo Alice Wang
- Department of Urology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, 10029, USA
| | - John Sfakianos
- Department of Urology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, 10029, USA.,Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, 10029, USA
| | - Ashutosh K Tewari
- Department of Urology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, 10029, USA.,Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, 10029, USA
| | - Carlos Cordon-Cardo
- Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, 10029, USA.,Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, 10029, USA
| | - Natasha Kyprianou
- Department of Urology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, 10029, USA. .,Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, 10029, USA. .,Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, 10029, USA. .,Department of Oncological Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, 10029, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Jahan R, Shah A, Kisling SG, Macha MA, Thayer S, Batra SK, Kaur S. Odyssey of trefoil factors in cancer: Diagnostic and therapeutic implications. Biochim Biophys Acta Rev Cancer 2020; 1873:188362. [PMID: 32298747 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbcan.2020.188362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2020] [Revised: 04/01/2020] [Accepted: 04/01/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Trefoil factors 1, 2, and 3 (TFFs) are a family of small secretory molecules involved in the protection and repair of the gastrointestinal tract (GI). TFFs maintain and restore epithelial structural integrity via transducing key signaling pathways for epithelial cell migration, proliferation, and invasion. In recent years, TFFs have emerged as key players in the pathogenesis of multiple diseases, especially cancer. Initially recognized as tumor suppressors, emerging evidence demonstrates their key role in tumor progression and metastasis, extending their actions beyond protection. However, to date, a comprehensive understanding of TFFs' mechanism of action in tumor initiation, progression and metastasis remains obscure. The present review discusses the structural, functional and mechanistic implications of all three TFF family members in tumor progression and metastasis. Also, we have garnered information from studies on their structure and expression status in different organs, along with lessons from their specific knockout in mouse models. In addition, we highlight the emerging potential of using TFFs as a biomarker to stratify tumors for better therapeutic intervention.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rahat Jahan
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, NE, 68198, USA
| | - Ashu Shah
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, NE, 68198, USA
| | - Sophia G Kisling
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, NE, 68198, USA
| | - Muzafar A Macha
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, NE, 68198, USA; Department of Otolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery, University of Nebraska Medical Center, NE, 68198, USA; Department of Biotechnology, Central University of Kashmir, Ganderbal, Jammu and Kashmir, India -191201
| | - Sarah Thayer
- Division of Surgical Oncology, Department of Surgery, University of Nebraska Medical Center, NE, 68198, USA; Eppley Institute for Research in Cancer and Allied Diseases, University of Nebraska Medical Center, NE, 68198, USA
| | - Surinder K Batra
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, NE, 68198, USA; Eppley Institute for Research in Cancer and Allied Diseases, University of Nebraska Medical Center, NE, 68198, USA; Fred and Pamela Buffett Cancer Center, University of Nebraska Medical Center, NE 68198, USA.
| | - Sukhwinder Kaur
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, NE, 68198, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Zhang X, Zhang Z, Chen S, Jiang J, Qi R, Mi X, Zhang X, Xi Y, Zheng H, Hua B. Prognostic significance of E-cadherin expression in prostatic carcinoma: A protocol for systematic review and meta-analysis. Medicine (Baltimore) 2020; 99:e19707. [PMID: 32282726 PMCID: PMC7220467 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000019707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2020] [Accepted: 03/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Increasing studies were performed to explore the prognostic value of E-cadherin in prostatic carcinoma, however, with inconsistent results. Hence, this systematic review is aimed to evaluate the prognostic role of E-cadherin in patients with prostatic carcinoma (PCa). METHODS A comprehensive literature search in all available databases will be conducted to identify eligible studies. We will employ hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs) to estimate the correlations between E-cadherin expression and overall survival (OS), disease-free survival (DFS), relapse-free survival (RFS), progression-free survival (PFS) and clinicopathological features. Meta-analysis will be performed using Review Manager (Revman) 5.3.5 software (Cochrane Community, London, United Kingdom) and STATA 14 software (version 14.0; Stata Corp, College Station, TX). RESULTS This study will provide a high-quality synthesis of current evidence of the correlations between snail expression and OS, DFS/RFS, PFS and clinicopathological features. CONCLUSION The study will provide updated evidence to assess whether the expression of E-cadherin is in association with poor prognosis in patients with PCa. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION It is not necessary for ethical approval because individuals cannot be identified. The protocol will be disseminated in a peer-reviewed journal or presented at a relevant conference. PROSPERO REGISTRATION NUMBER This systematic review protocol has been registered in the PROSPERO network (No. CRD42019128353).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiwen Zhang
- Department of Oncology, Guang’anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical
| | - Zhenhua Zhang
- Department of Oncology, Guang’anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical
- Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing
| | - Shuntai Chen
- Department of Oncology, Guang’anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical
- Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing
| | - Juling Jiang
- Department of Oncology, Guang’anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical
| | - Runzhi Qi
- Department of Oncology, Guang’anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical
| | - Xue Mi
- Department of Oncology, Guang’anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical
- Shanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xianyang, Shanxi Province, China
| | - Xing Zhang
- Department of Oncology, Guang’anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical
| | - Yupeng Xi
- Department of Oncology, Guang’anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical
| | - Honggang Zheng
- Department of Oncology, Guang’anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical
| | - Baojin Hua
- Department of Oncology, Guang’anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Comparative RNA-seq analysis reveals dys-regulation of major canonical pathways in ERG-inducible LNCaP cell progression model of prostate cancer. Oncotarget 2019; 10:4290-4306. [PMID: 31303963 PMCID: PMC6611515 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.27019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2018] [Accepted: 05/30/2019] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Prostate Cancer (CaP) is the second leading cause of cancer related death in USA. In human CaP, gene fusion between androgen responsive regulatory elements at the 5'-untranslated region of TMPRSS2 and ETS-related genes (ERG) is present in at least 50% of prostate tumors. Here we have investigated the unique cellular transcriptome associated with over-expression of ERG in ERG-inducible LNCaP cell model system of human CaP. Comprehensive transcriptome analyses reveal a distinct signature that distinguishes ERG dependent and independent CaP in LNCaP cells. Our data highlight a significant heterogeneity among the transcripts. Out of the 526 statistically significant differentially expressed genes, 232 genes are up-regulated and 294 genes are down-regulated in response to ERG. These ERG-associated genes are linked to several major cellular pathways, cell cycle regulation being the most significant. Consistently our data indicate that ERG plays a key role in modulating the expression of genes required for G1 to S phase transition, particularly those that affect cell cycle arrest at G1 phase. Moreover, cell cycle arrest in response to ERG appears to be promoted by induction of p21 in a p53 independent manner. These findings may provide new insights into mechanisms that promote growth and progression of CaP.
Collapse
|
8
|
Qiu WZ, Zhang HB, Xia WX, Ke LR, Yang J, Yu YH, Liang H, Huang XJ, Liu GY, Li WZ, Xiang YQ, Kang TB, Guo X, Lv X. The CXCL5/CXCR2 axis contributes to the epithelial-mesenchymal transition of nasopharyngeal carcinoma cells by activating ERK/GSK-3β/snail signalling. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL & CLINICAL CANCER RESEARCH : CR 2018; 37:85. [PMID: 29665837 PMCID: PMC5905166 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-018-0722-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2017] [Accepted: 02/26/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Background Distant metastasis is the major cause of treatment failure in patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC). Although several biomarkers correlate with metastasis and prognosis, the molecular mechanisms of NPC development and progression remain unclear. Methods Quantitative RT-PCR (qRT-PCR), western blotting, cell growth, foci formation, migration and invasion assays, and xenograft mouse models were utilized to examine the expression levels and functions of the CXCL5/CXCR2 axis in NPC. A luciferase reporter assay, western blotting, immunofluorescence, and migration and invasion assays were used to identify and verify the ERK/GSK-3β/Snail signalling pathway. Results CXCL5 was significantly increased in the sera of NPC patients, and high expression levels of CXCL5/CXCR2 in NPC primary tissues indicated poor survival. CXCL5 and CXCR2 were upregulated in NPC cell lines. Ectopic expression of the CXCL5/CXCR2 axis promoted NPC cell migration and invasion in vitro and the formation of lung metastases in vivo. Mechanistically, the dual overexpression of CXCL5 and CXCR2 promoted cell spreading by inducing the epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) through the activation of the ERK/GSK-3β/Snail signalling pathway. Conclusion The CXCL5/CXCR2 axis contributes to the EMT of NPC cells by activating ERK/GSK-3β/Snail signalling, and this axis may be a potential diagnostic marker and therapeutic target for patients with NPC. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s13046-018-0722-6) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Ze Qiu
- Department of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, 651 Dongfeng East Road, Guangzhou, 510060, People's Republic of China.,Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, 651 Dongfeng East Road, Guangzhou, 510060, People's Republic of China
| | - Hai-Bo Zhang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Shandong Cancer Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Wei-Xiong Xia
- Department of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, 651 Dongfeng East Road, Guangzhou, 510060, People's Republic of China.,Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, 651 Dongfeng East Road, Guangzhou, 510060, People's Republic of China
| | - Liang-Ru Ke
- Department of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, 651 Dongfeng East Road, Guangzhou, 510060, People's Republic of China.,Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, 651 Dongfeng East Road, Guangzhou, 510060, People's Republic of China
| | - Jing Yang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Shanghai Proton and Heavy Ion Center, 4365 Kangxin Road, Shanghai, 201321, People's Republic of China
| | - Ya-Hui Yu
- Department of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, 651 Dongfeng East Road, Guangzhou, 510060, People's Republic of China.,Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, 651 Dongfeng East Road, Guangzhou, 510060, People's Republic of China
| | - Hu Liang
- Department of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, 651 Dongfeng East Road, Guangzhou, 510060, People's Republic of China.,Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, 651 Dongfeng East Road, Guangzhou, 510060, People's Republic of China
| | - Xin-Jun Huang
- Department of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, 651 Dongfeng East Road, Guangzhou, 510060, People's Republic of China.,Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, 651 Dongfeng East Road, Guangzhou, 510060, People's Republic of China
| | - Guo-Ying Liu
- Department of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, 651 Dongfeng East Road, Guangzhou, 510060, People's Republic of China.,Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, 651 Dongfeng East Road, Guangzhou, 510060, People's Republic of China
| | - Wang-Zhong Li
- Department of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, 651 Dongfeng East Road, Guangzhou, 510060, People's Republic of China.,Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, 651 Dongfeng East Road, Guangzhou, 510060, People's Republic of China
| | - Yan-Qun Xiang
- Department of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, 651 Dongfeng East Road, Guangzhou, 510060, People's Republic of China.,Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, 651 Dongfeng East Road, Guangzhou, 510060, People's Republic of China
| | - Tie-Bang Kang
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, 651 Dongfeng East Road, Guangzhou, 510060, People's Republic of China.
| | - Xiang Guo
- Department of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, 651 Dongfeng East Road, Guangzhou, 510060, People's Republic of China. .,Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, 651 Dongfeng East Road, Guangzhou, 510060, People's Republic of China.
| | - Xing Lv
- Department of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, 651 Dongfeng East Road, Guangzhou, 510060, People's Republic of China. .,Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, 651 Dongfeng East Road, Guangzhou, 510060, People's Republic of China.
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Martín-Martín N, Zabala-Letona A, Fernández-Ruiz S, Arreal L, Camacho L, Castillo-Martin M, Cortazar AR, Torrano V, Astobiza I, Zúñiga-García P, Ugalde-Olano A, Loizaga-Iriarte A, Unda M, Valcárcel-Jiménez L, Arruabarrena-Aristorena A, Piva M, Sánchez-Mosquera P, Aransay AM, Gomez-Muñoz A, Barrio R, Sutherland JD, Carracedo A. PPARδ Elicits Ligand-Independent Repression of Trefoil Factor Family to Limit Prostate Cancer Growth. Cancer Res 2017; 78:399-409. [DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-17-0908] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2017] [Revised: 09/18/2017] [Accepted: 11/14/2017] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
|
10
|
Mercatali L, La Manna F, Miserocchi G, Liverani C, De Vita A, Spadazzi C, Bongiovanni A, Recine F, Amadori D, Ghetti M, Ibrahim T. Tumor-Stroma Crosstalk in Bone Tissue: The Osteoclastogenic Potential of a Breast Cancer Cell Line in a Co-Culture System and the Role of EGFR Inhibition. Int J Mol Sci 2017; 18:ijms18081655. [PMID: 28758931 PMCID: PMC5578045 DOI: 10.3390/ijms18081655] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2017] [Revised: 07/21/2017] [Accepted: 07/25/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Although bone metastases represent a major challenge in the natural history of breast cancer (BC), the complex interactions involved have hindered the development of robust in vitro models. The aim of this work is the development of a preclinical model of cancer and bone stromal cells to mimic the bone microenvironment. We studied the effects on osteoclastogenesis of BC cells and Mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) cultured alone or in combination. We also analyzed: (a) whether the blockade of the Epithelial Growth Factor Receptor (EGFR) pathway modified their influence on monocytes towards differentiation, and (b) the efficacy of bone-targeted therapy on osteoclasts. We evaluated the osteoclastogenesis modulation of human peripheral blood monocytes (PBMC) indirectly induced by the conditioned medium (CM) of the human BC cell line SCP2, cultured singly or with MSC. Osteoclastogenesis was evaluated by TRAP analysis. The effect of the EGFR blockade was assessed by treating the cells with gefitinib, and analyzed with the 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay and Western Blot (WB). We observed that SCP2 co-cultured with MSC increased the differentiation of PBMC. This effect was underpinned upon pre-treatment of the co-culture with gefitinib. Co-culture of SCP2 with MSC increased the expression of both the bone-related marker Receptor Activator of Nuclear Factor κB (RANK) and EGFR in BC cells. These upregulations were not affected by the EGFR blockade. The effects of the CM obtained by the cells treated with gefitinib in combination with the treatment of the preosteoclasts with the bone-targeted agents and everolimus enhanced the inhibition of the osteoclastogenesis. Finally, we developed a fully human co-culture system of BC cells and bone progenitor cells. We observed that the interaction of MSC with cancer cells induced in the latter molecular changes and a higher power of inducing osteoclastogenesis. We found that blocking EGFR signaling could be an efficacious strategy for breaking the interactions between cancer and bone cells in order to inhibit bone metastasis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Laura Mercatali
- Osteoncology and Rare Tumors Center, Istituto Scientifico Romagnolo per lo Studio e la Cura dei Tumori (IRST) IRCCS, 47014 Meldola, Italy.
| | - Federico La Manna
- Osteoncology and Rare Tumors Center, Istituto Scientifico Romagnolo per lo Studio e la Cura dei Tumori (IRST) IRCCS, 47014 Meldola, Italy.
| | - Giacomo Miserocchi
- Osteoncology and Rare Tumors Center, Istituto Scientifico Romagnolo per lo Studio e la Cura dei Tumori (IRST) IRCCS, 47014 Meldola, Italy.
| | - Chiara Liverani
- Osteoncology and Rare Tumors Center, Istituto Scientifico Romagnolo per lo Studio e la Cura dei Tumori (IRST) IRCCS, 47014 Meldola, Italy.
| | - Alessandro De Vita
- Osteoncology and Rare Tumors Center, Istituto Scientifico Romagnolo per lo Studio e la Cura dei Tumori (IRST) IRCCS, 47014 Meldola, Italy.
| | - Chiara Spadazzi
- Osteoncology and Rare Tumors Center, Istituto Scientifico Romagnolo per lo Studio e la Cura dei Tumori (IRST) IRCCS, 47014 Meldola, Italy.
| | - Alberto Bongiovanni
- Osteoncology and Rare Tumors Center, Istituto Scientifico Romagnolo per lo Studio e la Cura dei Tumori (IRST) IRCCS, 47014 Meldola, Italy.
| | - Federica Recine
- Osteoncology and Rare Tumors Center, Istituto Scientifico Romagnolo per lo Studio e la Cura dei Tumori (IRST) IRCCS, 47014 Meldola, Italy.
| | - Dino Amadori
- Osteoncology and Rare Tumors Center, Istituto Scientifico Romagnolo per lo Studio e la Cura dei Tumori (IRST) IRCCS, 47014 Meldola, Italy.
| | - Martina Ghetti
- Osteoncology and Rare Tumors Center, Istituto Scientifico Romagnolo per lo Studio e la Cura dei Tumori (IRST) IRCCS, 47014 Meldola, Italy.
- Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences Department, University of Bologna, 40123 Bologna, Italy.
| | - Toni Ibrahim
- Osteoncology and Rare Tumors Center, Istituto Scientifico Romagnolo per lo Studio e la Cura dei Tumori (IRST) IRCCS, 47014 Meldola, Italy.
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Wang W, Wang L, Mizokami A, Shi J, Zou C, Dai J, Keller ET, Lu Y, Zhang J. Down-regulation of E-cadherin enhances prostate cancer chemoresistance via Notch signaling. CHINESE JOURNAL OF CANCER 2017; 36:35. [PMID: 28356132 PMCID: PMC5372329 DOI: 10.1186/s40880-017-0203-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2016] [Accepted: 03/23/2017] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Background The chemoresistance of prostate cancer (PCa) is invariably associated with the aggressiveness and metastasis of this disease. New emerging evidence indicates that the epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) may play pivotal roles in the development of chemoresistance and metastasis. As a hallmark of EMT, E-cadherin is suggested to be a key marker in the development of chemoresistance. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying PCa chemoresistance remain unclear. The current study aimed to explore the association between EMT and chemoresistance in PCa as well as whether changing the expression of E-cadherin would affect PCa chemoresistance. Methods Parental PC3 and DU145 cells and their chemoresistant PC3-TxR and DU145-TxR cells were analyzed. PC3-TxR and DU145-TxR cells were transfected with E-cadherin-expressing lentivirus to overexpress E-cadherin; PC3 and DU145 cells were transfected with small interfering RNA to silence E-cadherin. Changes of EMT phenotype-related markers and signaling pathways were assessed by Western blotting and quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction. Tumor cell migration, invasion, and colony formation were then evaluated by wound healing, transwell, and colony formation assays, respectively. The drug sensitivity was evaluated using MTS assay. Results Chemoresistant PC3-TxR and DU145-TxR cells exhibited an invasive and metastatic phenotype that associated with EMT, including the down-regulation of E-cadherin and up-regulation of Vimentin, Snail, and N-cadherin, comparing with that of parental PC3 and DU145 cells. When E-cadherin was overexpressed in PC3-TxR and DU145-TxR cells, the expression of Vimentin and Claudin-1 was down-regulated, and tumor cell migration and invasion were inhibited. In particular, the sensitivity to paclitaxel was reactivated in E-cadherin-overexpressing PC3-TxR and DU145-TxR cells. When E-cadherin expression was silenced in parental PC3 and DU145 cells, the expression of Vimentin and Snail was up-regulated, and, particularly, the sensitivity to paclitaxel was decreased. Interestingly, Notch-1 expression was up-regulated in PC3-TxR and DU145-TxR cells, whereas the E-cadherin expression was down-regulated in these cells comparing with their parental cells. The use of γ-secretase inhibitor, a Notch signaling pathway inhibitor, significantly increased the sensitivity of chemoresistant cells to paclitaxel. Conclusion The down-regulation of E-cadherin enhances PCa chemoresistance via Notch signaling, and inhibiting the Notch signaling pathway may reverse PCa chemoresistance.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wenchu Wang
- Center for Translational Medicine, Guangxi Medical University, 12th Floor, Medical Science Research Building, No. 22 Shuangyong Road, Nanning, Guangxi, 530021, P. R. China.,Key Laboratory of Longevity and Ageing-related Diseases, Ministry of Education, Nanning, Guangxi, 530021, P. R. China.,Department of Urology and Pathology, School of Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | - Lihui Wang
- Center for Translational Medicine, Guangxi Medical University, 12th Floor, Medical Science Research Building, No. 22 Shuangyong Road, Nanning, Guangxi, 530021, P. R. China.,Key Laboratory of Longevity and Ageing-related Diseases, Ministry of Education, Nanning, Guangxi, 530021, P. R. China
| | - Atsushi Mizokami
- Department of Urology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, 920-1192, Japan
| | - Junlin Shi
- Center for Translational Medicine, Guangxi Medical University, 12th Floor, Medical Science Research Building, No. 22 Shuangyong Road, Nanning, Guangxi, 530021, P. R. China.,Key Laboratory of Longevity and Ageing-related Diseases, Ministry of Education, Nanning, Guangxi, 530021, P. R. China
| | - Chunlin Zou
- Center for Translational Medicine, Guangxi Medical University, 12th Floor, Medical Science Research Building, No. 22 Shuangyong Road, Nanning, Guangxi, 530021, P. R. China.,Key Laboratory of Longevity and Ageing-related Diseases, Ministry of Education, Nanning, Guangxi, 530021, P. R. China
| | - Jinlu Dai
- Department of Urology and Pathology, School of Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | - Evan T Keller
- Department of Urology and Pathology, School of Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | - Yi Lu
- Center for Translational Medicine, Guangxi Medical University, 12th Floor, Medical Science Research Building, No. 22 Shuangyong Road, Nanning, Guangxi, 530021, P. R. China. .,Key Laboratory of Longevity and Ageing-related Diseases, Ministry of Education, Nanning, Guangxi, 530021, P. R. China.
| | - Jian Zhang
- Center for Translational Medicine, Guangxi Medical University, 12th Floor, Medical Science Research Building, No. 22 Shuangyong Road, Nanning, Guangxi, 530021, P. R. China. .,Key Laboratory of Longevity and Ageing-related Diseases, Ministry of Education, Nanning, Guangxi, 530021, P. R. China. .,Department of Biology and School of Medicine, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518055, P. R. China. .,Department of Urology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, 15232, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Khaidakov M, Lai KK, Roudachevski D, Sargsyan J, Goyne HE, Pai RK, Lamps LW, Hagedorn CH. Gastric Proteins MUC5AC and TFF1 as Potential Diagnostic Markers of Colonic Sessile Serrated Adenomas/Polyps. Am J Clin Pathol 2016; 146:530-537. [PMID: 28430953 PMCID: PMC5377921 DOI: 10.1093/ajcp/aqw142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES A subset of colon cancers originates from sessile serrated adenomas/polyps (SSA/Ps). Our goal was to identify markers for SSA/Ps that could aid in distinguishing them from hyperplastic polyps (HPs). METHODS We performed immunostaining for gastric proteins MUC5AC and TFF1 in formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded (FFPE) samples of HPs (n = 47), SSA/Ps (n = 37), and normal colon (n = 30). RESULTS Control mucosa expressed only trace amounts of MUC5AC and TFF1. HPs exhibited an 11.3- and 11.4-fold increase in MUC5AC and TFF1 expression confined to the upper segments of the crypts near the luminal surface of the polyps. SSA/Ps displayed on average 1.6-fold (MUC5AC, P < .008) and 1.4-fold (TFF1, P < .03) higher signal intensity for these markers than HPs, with a dramatic coexpression of MUC5AC and TFF1 typically occupying the entire length of the crypt. Immunoperoxidase results were similar to immunofluorescence staining for both MUC5AC and TFF1. CONCLUSIONS Our results suggest that the analysis of expression of MUC5AC and TFF1 may be useful for differentiating SSA/Ps from HPs. We also suggest the possibility that crypt morphology may be at least partly due to overproduction of highly viscous gastric mucins and that these proteins may play a role in the serrated pathway to colon carcinogenesis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Magomed Khaidakov
- From the Department of Medicine
- Central Arkansas Veterans Healthcare System, Little Rock
| | - Keith K. Lai
- Department of Pathology, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock
| | | | | | - Hannah E. Goyne
- Department of Pathology, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock
| | - Rish K. Pai
- Department of Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Scottsdale, AZ
| | - Laura W. Lamps
- Department of Pathology, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock
| | - Curt H. Hagedorn
- From the Department of Medicine
- Central Arkansas Veterans Healthcare System, Little Rock
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Morito K, Nakamura J, Kitajima Y, Kai K, Tanaka T, Kubo H, Miyake S, Noshiro H. The value of trefoil factor 3 expression in predicting the long‑term outcome and early recurrence of colorectal cancer. Int J Oncol 2014; 46:563-8. [PMID: 25405728 DOI: 10.3892/ijo.2014.2755] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2014] [Accepted: 10/16/2014] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The trefoil factor (TFF) family comprises three thermo-stable and protease-resistant proteins (TFF1, TFF2 and TFF3) and plays an essential role in gastrointestinal mucosa protection and regeneration, and TFFs have recently been found to be involved in the development and progression of various types of cancer. However, the clinical significance of TFFs in colorectal cancer (CRC) patients remains unclear. The present study determined the relationship between TFF expression and clinicopathological findings, as well as long-term outcome in CRC patients. The mRNA expression levels of TFFs were examined in the excised CRC specimens obtained from 154 consecutive CRC patients who underwent surgical resection between 2005 and 2007 at our institution. TFF3 expression was significantly associated with the presence of distant metastasis (p=0.017), although neither TFF1 nor TFF2 expression was associated with the clinicopathological features. Survival rate of the patients with positive TFF3 was significantly worse compared to those with negative TFF3 (p=0.011). A multivariate analysis revealed that the expression of TFF3, lymph node metastasis, and vascular invasion were independent prognostic factors for disease-specific survival. Furthermore, among 134 patients with no clinical findings of metastasis at surgery, the patients with positive TFF3 experienced recurrence within one year more frequently than those with negative TFF3 (p=0.039). In conclusion, TFF3 is not only a useful biomarker for a long-term surgical result in CRC patient, but also may be a risk factor of early recurrence.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kiyoto Morito
- Department of Surgery, Saga University Faculty of Medicine, Saga 849-8501, Japan
| | - Jun Nakamura
- Department of Surgery, Saga University Faculty of Medicine, Saga 849-8501, Japan
| | - Yoshihiko Kitajima
- Department of Surgery, Saga University Faculty of Medicine, Saga 849-8501, Japan
| | - Keita Kai
- Department of Pathology and Microbiology, Saga University Faculty of Medicine, Saga 849-8501, Japan
| | - Tomokazu Tanaka
- Department of Surgery, Saga University Faculty of Medicine, Saga 849-8501, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Kubo
- Department of Surgery, Saga University Faculty of Medicine, Saga 849-8501, Japan
| | - Shuusuke Miyake
- Department of Surgery, Saga University Faculty of Medicine, Saga 849-8501, Japan
| | - Hirokazu Noshiro
- Department of Surgery, Saga University Faculty of Medicine, Saga 849-8501, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Pandey V, Wu ZS, Zhang M, Li R, Zhang J, Zhu T, Lobie PE. Trefoil factor 3 promotes metastatic seeding and predicts poor survival outcome of patients with mammary carcinoma. Breast Cancer Res 2014; 16:429. [PMID: 25266665 PMCID: PMC4303111 DOI: 10.1186/s13058-014-0429-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2013] [Accepted: 08/15/2014] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Recurrence or early metastasis remains the predominant cause of mortality in patients with estrogen receptor positive (ER+) mammary carcinoma (MC). However, the molecular mechanisms underlying the initial progression of ER+ MC to metastasis remains poorly understood. Trefoil factor 3 (TFF3) is an estrogen-responsive oncogene in MC. Herein, we provide evidence for a functional role of TFF3 in metastatic progression of ER+ MC. Methods The association of TFF3 expression with clinicopathological parameters and survival outcome in a cohort of MC patients was assessed by immunohistochemistry. The expression of TFF3 in MCF7 and T47D cells was modulated by forced expression or siRNA-mediated depletion of TFF3. mRNA and protein levels were determined using qPCR and western blot. The functional effect of modulation of TFF3 expression in MC cells was determined in vitro and in vivo. Mechanistic analyses were performed using reporter constructs, modulation of signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) expression, and pharmacological inhibitors against c-SRC and STAT3 activity. Results TFF3 protein expression was positively associated with larger tumour size, lymph node metastasis, higher stage, and poor survival outcome. Forced expression of TFF3 in ER+ MC cells stimulated colony scattering, cell adhesion to a Collagen I-coated matrix, colony formation on a Collagen I- or Matrigel-coated matrix, endothelial cell adhesion, and transmigration through an endothelial cell barrier. In vivo, forced expression of TFF3 in MCF7 cells stimulated the formation of metastatic nodules in animal lungs. TFF3 regulation of the mRNA levels of epithelial, mesenchymal, and metastatic-related genes in ER+ MC cells were consistent with the altered cell behaviour. Forced expression of TFF3 in ER+ MC cells stimulated phosphorylation of c-SRC that subsequently increased STAT3 activity, which lead to the downregulation of E-cadherin. siRNA-mediated depletion of TFF3 reduced the invasiveness of ER+ MC cells. Conclusions TFF3 expression predicts metastasis and poor survival outcome of patients with MC and functionally stimulates cellular invasion and metastasis of ER+ MC cells. Adjuvant functional inhibition of TFF3 may therefore be considered to ameliorate outcome of ER+ MC patients. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s13058-014-0429-3) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
Collapse
|
15
|
Xu W, Hu X, Chen Z, Zheng X, Zhang C, Wang G, Chen Y, Zhou X, Tang X, Luo L, Xu X, Pan W. Normal fibroblasts induce E-cadherin loss and increase lymph node metastasis in gastric cancer. PLoS One 2014; 9:e97306. [PMID: 24845259 PMCID: PMC4028202 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0097306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2013] [Accepted: 04/16/2014] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Background A tumor is considered a heterogeneous complex in a three-dimensional environment that is flush with pathophysiological and biomechanical signals. Cell-stroma interactions guide the development and generation of tumors. Here, we evaluate the contributions of normal fibroblasts to gastric cancer. Methodology/Principal Findings By coculturing normal fibroblasts in monolayers of BGC-823 gastric cancer cells, tumor cells sporadically developed short, spindle-like morphological characteristics and demonstrated enhanced proliferation and invasive potential. Furthermore, the transformed tumor cells demonstrated decreased tumor formation and increased lymphomatic and intestinal metastatic potential. Non-transformed BGC-823 cells, in contrast, demonstrated primary tumor formation and delayed intestinal and lymph node invasion. We also observed E-cadherin loss and the upregulation of vimentin expression in the transformed tumor cells, which suggested that the increase in metastasis was induced by epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition. Conclusion Collectively, our data indicated that normal fibroblasts sufficiently induce epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition in cancer cells, thereby leading to metastasis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wen Xu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University, School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xinlei Hu
- Department of Orthopedics, Second Affiliated Hospital (Binjiang Branch) of Zhejiang University, School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zhongting Chen
- Department of Pharmacy, Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University, School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiaoping Zheng
- Department of Pathology, Qujiang People’s Hospital, Quzhou, China
| | - Chenjing Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University, School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Gang Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University, School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yu Chen
- Zhejiang Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Experimental Animal Research Center, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xinglu Zhou
- Department of Gastroenterology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University, School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiaoxiao Tang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University, School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Laisheng Luo
- Department of Gastroenterology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University, School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiang Xu
- Department of Pharmacy, Second Affiliated Hospital (Binjiang Branch) of Zhejiang University, School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Wensheng Pan
- Department of Gastroenterology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University, School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- Department of Gastroenterology, Second Affiliated Hospital (Binjiang Branch) of Zhejiang University, School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- * E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Huang YG, Li YF, Pan BL, Wang LP, Zhang Y, Lee WH, Zhang Y. Trefoil factor 1 gene alternations and expression in colorectal carcinomas. TUMORI JOURNAL 2013; 99:702-7. [DOI: 10.1177/030089161309900610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Aims and backgroundAberrant expression of the trefoil factor family (TFF) has been recognized to be involved in the development and/or progression of various solid tumors. Increased trefoil factor 1 (TFF1) expression is found associated with tumor progression in some tumors, and TFF1 missense mutations have been detected in gastric cancer. The aim of the study was to analyze TFF1 alternations and expression in colorectal carcinoma and their correlation with cancer progression and pathological aspects.MethodsTFF1 mutations were detected in colorectal carcinomas by DNA sequencing. TFF1mRNA and protein levels in subsets of the primary tumors were determined using quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction and immunohistochemistry analyses. The serum level of TFF1 was also detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for patients with colorectal carcinoma.ResultsFive variants were detected in the 5'-untranslation region and intron 1 of TFF1. TFF1 expression was increased in colorectal carcinoma compared to paired distal colonic mucosa. Immunohistochemistry in primary colorectal carcinoma showed no significant differences in tumor TFF1 levels with respect to clinicopathological parameters such as the patient's sex, cancer differentiation, stage and lymph node metastasis. However, serum TFF1 levels were significantly elevated in patients with colorectal carcinoma compared to healthy individuals.ConclusionsThe results indicate that TFF1 missense mutations seem to be a rare event in colorectal carcinogenesis. Serum TFF1 may be a potential useful marker for patients with colorectal carcinoma.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- You-Guang Huang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Models and Human Disease Mechanisms of Chinese Academy of Sciences and Yunnan Province, Kunming Institute of Zoology
- Tumor institue of Yunnan Province, The 3rd Affiliated Hospital of Kunming
| | - Yun-Feng Li
- Tumor institue of Yunnan Province, The 3rd Affiliated Hospital of Kunming
| | - Bao-Long Pan
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The 1st Hospital of Yuxi, Yunnan Province
| | - Li-Ping Wang
- Department of Pathology, Yan-an Hospital of Kunming, Kunming, China
| | - Yong Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Models and Human Disease Mechanisms of Chinese Academy of Sciences and Yunnan Province, Kunming Institute of Zoology
| | - Wen-Hui Lee
- Key Laboratory of Animal Models and Human Disease Mechanisms of Chinese Academy of Sciences and Yunnan Province, Kunming Institute of Zoology
| | - Yun Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Models and Human Disease Mechanisms of Chinese Academy of Sciences and Yunnan Province, Kunming Institute of Zoology
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Khan P, Drobic B, Pérez-Cadahía B, Healy S, He S, Davie JR. Mitogen- and stress-activated protein kinases 1 and 2 are required for maximal trefoil factor 1 induction. PLoS One 2013; 8:e63189. [PMID: 23675462 PMCID: PMC3652853 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0063189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2013] [Accepted: 03/28/2013] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Mitogen- and stress-activated protein kinases 1 and 2 (MSK1 and MSK2), activated downstream of the ERK- and p38-mitogen-activated protein kinase pathways are involved in cell survival, proliferation and differentiation. Following mitogenic or stress stimuli, they mediate the nucleosomal response, which includes phosphorylation of histone H3 at serine 10 (H3S10ph) coupled with transcriptional activation of immediate-early genes. While MSK1 and MSK2 are closely related, their relative roles may vary with cellular context and/or stimuli. However, our knowledge of MSK2 recruitment to immediate-early genes is limited, as research has primarily focused on MSK1. Here, we demonstrate that both MSK1 and MSK2, regulate the phorbol ester 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate induced expression of the breast cancer marker gene, trefoil factor 1 (TFF1), by phosphorylating H3S10 at its 5′ regulatory regions. The MSK-mediated phosphorylation of H3S10 promotes the recruitment of 14-3-3 isoforms and BRG1, the ATPase subunit of the BAF/PBAF remodeling complex, to the enhancer and upstream promoter elements of TFF1. The recruited chromatin remodeling activity leads to the RNA polymerase II carboxy-terminal domain phosphorylation at the TFF1 promoter, initiating TFF1 expression in MCF-7 breast cancer cells. Moreover, we show that MSK1 or MSK2 is recruited to TFF1 regulatory regions, but as components of different multiprotein complexes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Protiti Khan
- Manitoba Institute of Child Health, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| | - Bojan Drobic
- Manitoba Institute of Child Health, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| | - Beatriz Pérez-Cadahía
- Manitoba Institute of Child Health, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| | - Shannon Healy
- Manitoba Institute of Child Health, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| | - Shihua He
- Manitoba Institute of Child Health, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| | - James R. Davie
- Manitoba Institute of Child Health, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
- * E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|