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Ma D, Yang M, Sun C, Cui X, Xiong G, Wang Q, Jing W, Chen H, Lv X, Liu S, Li T, Zhao Y, Han L. cGAS suppresses hepatocellular carcinoma independent of its cGAMP synthase activity. Cell Death Differ 2024; 31:722-737. [PMID: 38594443 PMCID: PMC11164996 DOI: 10.1038/s41418-024-01291-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2023] [Revised: 03/25/2024] [Accepted: 04/02/2024] [Indexed: 04/11/2024] Open
Abstract
Cyclic GMP-AMP synthase (cGAS) is a key innate immune sensor that recognizes cytosolic DNA to induce immune responses against invading pathogens. The role of cGAS is conventionally recognized as a nucleotidyltransferase to catalyze the synthesis of cGAMP upon recognition of cytosolic DNA, which leads to the activation of STING and production of type I/III interferon to fight against the pathogen. However, given that hepatocytes are lack of functional STING expression, it is intriguing to define the role of cGAS in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), the liver parenchymal cells derived malignancy. In this study, we revealed that cGAS was significantly downregulated in clinical HCC tissues, and its dysregulation contributed to the progression of HCC. We further identified cGAS as an immune tyrosine inhibitory motif (ITIM) containing protein, and demonstrated that cGAS inhibited the progression of HCC and increased the response of HCC to sorafenib treatment by suppressing PI3K/AKT/mTORC1 pathway in cellular and animal models. Mechanistically, cGAS recruits SH2-containing tyrosine phosphatase 1 (SHP1) via ITIM, and dephosphorylates p85 in phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K), which leads to the suppression of AKT-mTORC1 pathway. Thus, cGAS is identified as a novel tumor suppressor in HCC via its function independent of its conventional role as cGAMP synthase, which indicates a novel therapeutic strategy for advanced HCC by modulating cGAS signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dapeng Ma
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Infection & Immunology, Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
- School of Clinical and Basic Medical Sciences, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, Shandong, China
- Medical Science and Technology Innovation Center, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Min Yang
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Infection & Immunology, Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Caiyu Sun
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Infection & Immunology, Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Xiuling Cui
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Infection & Immunology, Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Gaozhong Xiong
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Infection & Immunology, Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Qiushi Wang
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Jinan, China
| | - Weiqiang Jing
- Department of Urology, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Haiqiang Chen
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Infection & Immunology, Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Xiaoting Lv
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Infection & Immunology, Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Shili Liu
- Department of Microbiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Tao Li
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China
| | - Yunxue Zhao
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Lihui Han
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Infection & Immunology, Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China.
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Hori Y, Yoh T, Nishino H, Okura K, Kurimoto M, Takamatsu Y, Satoh M, Nishio T, Koyama Y, Ishii T, Iwaisako K, Seo S, Hatano E. Ferroptosis-related gene glutathione peroxidase 4 promotes reprogramming of glucose metabolism via Akt-mTOR axis in intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma. Carcinogenesis 2024; 45:119-130. [PMID: 38123365 DOI: 10.1093/carcin/bgad094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2023] [Revised: 11/24/2023] [Accepted: 12/16/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023] Open
Abstract
The role of the ferroptosis-related gene glutathione peroxidase 4 (GPX4) in oncology has been extensively investigated. However, the clinical implications of GPX4 in patients with intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ICC) remain unknown. This study aimed to evaluate the prognostic impact of GPX4 and its underlying molecular mechanisms in patients with ICC. Fifty-seven patients who underwent surgical resection for ICC between 2010 and 2017 were retrospectively analyzed. Based on the immunohistochemistry, patients were divided into GPX4 high (n = 15) and low (n = 42) groups, and clinical outcomes were assessed. Furthermore, the roles of GPX4 in cell proliferation, migration and gene expression were analyzed in ICC cell lines in vitro and in vivo. The results from clinical study showed that GPX4 high group showed significant associations with high SUVmax on 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose-positron emission tomography (≥8.0, P = 0.017), multiple tumors (P = 0.004), and showed glucose transporter 1 (GLUT1) high expression with a trend toward significance (P = 0.053). Overall and recurrence-free survival in the GPX4 high expression group were significantly worse than those in the GPX4 low expression group (P = 0.038 and P < 0.001, respectively). In the experimental study, inhibition of GPX4 attenuated cell proliferation and migration in ICC cell lines. Inhibition of GPX4 also decreased the expression of glucose metabolism-related genes, such as GLUT1 or HIF1α. Mechanistically, these molecular changes are regulated in Akt-mechanistic targets of rapamycin axis. In conclusion, this study suggested the pivotal value of GPX4 serving as a prognostic marker for patients with ICC. Furthermore, GPX4 can mediate glucose metabolism of ICC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yutaro Hori
- Department of Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Tomoaki Yoh
- Department of Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Hiroto Nishino
- Department of Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Keisuke Okura
- Department of Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Makoto Kurimoto
- Department of Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Yuichi Takamatsu
- Department of Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Motohiko Satoh
- Department of Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Takahiro Nishio
- Department of Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Yukinori Koyama
- Department of Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Takamichi Ishii
- Department of Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Keiko Iwaisako
- Department of Medical Life Systems, Faculty of Life and Medical Science, Doshisha University, Kyotanabe, Japan
| | - Satoru Seo
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Kochi Medical School, Nankoku, Japan
| | - Etsuro Hatano
- Department of Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
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Bao T, Zhang X, Xie W, Wang Y, Li X, Tang C, Yang Y, Sun J, Gao J, Yu T, Zhao L, Tong X. Natural compounds efficacy in complicated diabetes: A new twist impacting ferroptosis. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 168:115544. [PMID: 37820566 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.115544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2023] [Revised: 09/13/2023] [Accepted: 09/18/2023] [Indexed: 10/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Ferroptosis, as a way of cell death, participates in the body's normal physiological and pathological regulation. Recent studies have shown that ferroptosis may damage glucose-stimulated islets β Insulin secretion and programmed cell death of T2DM target organs are involved in the pathogenesis of T2DM and its complications. Targeting suppression of ferroptosis with specific inhibitors may provide new therapeutic opportunities for previously untreated T2DM and its target organs. Current studies suggest that natural bioactive compounds, which are abundantly available in drugs, foods, and medicinal plants for the treatment of T2DM and its target organs, have recently received significant attention for their various biological activities and minimal toxicity, and that many natural compounds appear to have a significant role in the regulation of ferroptosis in T2DM and its target organs. Therefore, this review summarized the potential treatment strategies of natural compounds as ferroptosis inhibitors to treat T2DM and its complications, providing potential lead compounds and natural phytochemical molecular nuclei for future drug research and development to intervene in ferroptosis in T2DM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tingting Bao
- Institute of Metabolic Diseases, Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, No.5 BeiXianGe Street, Xicheng District, Beijing 100053, China; Graduate school, Beijing University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Xiangyuan Zhang
- Institute of Metabolic Diseases, Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, No.5 BeiXianGe Street, Xicheng District, Beijing 100053, China; Graduate school, Beijing University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Weinan Xie
- Institute of Metabolic Diseases, Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, No.5 BeiXianGe Street, Xicheng District, Beijing 100053, China; Graduate school, Beijing University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Ying Wang
- Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, No. 1035, Boshuo Road, Jingyue National High-tech Industrial Development Zone, Changchun 130117, China
| | - Xiuyang Li
- Institute of Metabolic Diseases, Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, No.5 BeiXianGe Street, Xicheng District, Beijing 100053, China
| | - Cheng Tang
- Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, No. 1035, Boshuo Road, Jingyue National High-tech Industrial Development Zone, Changchun 130117, China
| | - Yingying Yang
- National Center for Integrated Traditional and Western Medicine, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Jun Sun
- Affiliated Hospital of Changchun University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No. 1478, Gongnong Road, Chaoyang District, Changchun 130021, China
| | - Jiaqi Gao
- School of Qi-Huang Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, No. 11, North 3rd Ring East Roa, Chaoyang Distric, Beijing 10010, China
| | - Tongyue Yu
- Institute of Metabolic Diseases, Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, No.5 BeiXianGe Street, Xicheng District, Beijing 100053, China
| | - Linhua Zhao
- Institute of Metabolic Diseases, Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, No.5 BeiXianGe Street, Xicheng District, Beijing 100053, China.
| | - Xiaolin Tong
- Institute of Metabolic Diseases, Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, No.5 BeiXianGe Street, Xicheng District, Beijing 100053, China.
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Zhang X, Ma L, Wang J. Cross-Regulation Between Redox and Epigenetic Systems in Tumorigenesis: Molecular Mechanisms and Clinical Applications. Antioxid Redox Signal 2023; 39:445-471. [PMID: 37265163 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2023.0253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Significance: Redox and epigenetics are two important regulatory processes of cell physiological functions. The cross-regulation between these processes has critical effects on the occurrence and development of various types of tumors. Recent Advances: The core factor that influences redox balance is reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation. The ROS functions as a double-edged sword in tumors: Low levels of ROS promote tumors, whereas excessive ROS induces various forms of tumor cell death, including apoptosis and ferroptosis as well as necroptosis and pyroptosis. Many studies have shown that the redox balance is influenced by epigenetic mechanisms such as DNA methylation, histone modification, chromatin remodeling, non-coding RNAs (microRNA, long non-coding RNA, and circular RNA), and RNA N6-methyladenosine modification. Several oxidizing or reducing substances also affect the epigenetic state. Critical Issues: In this review, we summarize research on the cross-regulation between redox and epigenetics in cancer and discuss the relevant molecular mechanisms. We also discuss the current research on the clinical applications. Future Directions: Future research can use high-throughput methods to analyze the molecular mechanisms of the cross-regulation between redox and epigenetics using both in vitro and in vivo models in more detail, elucidate regulatory mechanisms, and provide guidance for clinical treatment. Antioxid. Redox Signal. 39, 445-471.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Zhang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Shanghai Chest Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, P.R. China
- Shanghai Institute of Thoracic Oncology, Shanghai Chest Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, P.R. China
| | - Lifang Ma
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Shanghai Chest Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, P.R. China
- Shanghai Institute of Thoracic Oncology, Shanghai Chest Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, P.R. China
| | - Jiayi Wang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Shanghai Chest Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, P.R. China
- Shanghai Institute of Thoracic Oncology, Shanghai Chest Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, P.R. China
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Cui J, Wang Y, Tian X, Miao Y, Ma L, Zhang C, Xu X, Wang J, Fang W, Zhang X. LPCAT3 Is Transcriptionally Regulated by YAP/ZEB/EP300 and Collaborates with ACSL4 and YAP to Determine Ferroptosis Sensitivity. Antioxid Redox Signal 2023; 39:491-511. [PMID: 37166352 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2023.0237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Aims: Lipid peroxidation occurring in lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) cells leads to ferroptosis. Lysophosphatidylcholine acyl-transferase 3 (LPCAT3) plays a key role in providing raw materials for lipid peroxidation by promoting esterification of polyunsaturated fatty acids to phospholipids. Whether LPCAT3 determines ferroptosis sensitivity and the mechanism by which its expression is regulated in LUAD has not been reported. Results: LPCAT3 and acyl-coenzyme A (CoA) synthetase long-chain family member (ACSL)4 levels were positively associated with ferroptosis sensitivity in LUAD cell lines. Overexpression of LPCAT3 and ACSL4 sensitized LUAD cells to ferroptosis, while LPCAT3 and ACSL4 knockout showed the opposite effect. Zinc-finger E-box-binding (ZEB) was shown to directly bind the LPCAT3 promoter to stimulate its transcription in a Yes-associated protein (YAP)-dependent manner. An interaction between YAP and ZEB was also observed. E1A-binding protein p300 (EP300) simultaneously bound with YAP and ZEB, and induced H3K27Ac for LPCAT3 transcription. This mechanism was verified in primary LUAD cell and xenograft models. The ACSL4, LPCAT3, and YAP combination can jointly determine LUAD ferroptosis sensitivity. Innovation: The binding site of ZEB exists in the -1600 to -1401 nt region of LPCAT3 promoter, which promotes LPCAT3 transcription after ZEB binding. ZEB and YAP bind, and the ZEB zinc-finger cluster domain and YAP WW domain are crucial for their binding. EP300 may bind with YAP via its Bromo domain and with ZEB via its CBP/p300-HAT domain. In addition, the combination of ACSL4, LPCAT3, and YAP to determine ferroptosis sensitivity of LUAD cells is better than prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2 (PTGS2), transferrin receptor (TFRC), or NADPH oxidase 1 (NOX1). Conclusion: LPCAT3 transcription is regulated by YAP, ZEB, and EP300. LUAD ferroptosis sensitivity can be determined by the combination of ACSL4, LPCAT3, and YAP. Antioxid. Redox Signal. 39, 491-511.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiangtao Cui
- Department of Thoracic Surgery and Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yikun Wang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine; Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Department of Shanghai Institute of Thoracic Oncology; Shanghai Chest Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaoting Tian
- Department of Shanghai Institute of Thoracic Oncology; Shanghai Chest Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yayou Miao
- Department of Shanghai Institute of Thoracic Oncology; Shanghai Chest Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Lifang Ma
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine; Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Department of Shanghai Institute of Thoracic Oncology; Shanghai Chest Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Congcong Zhang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine; Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xin Xu
- Department of Shanghai Institute of Thoracic Oncology; Shanghai Chest Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jiayi Wang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine; Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Department of Shanghai Institute of Thoracic Oncology; Shanghai Chest Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Wentao Fang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery and Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiao Zhang
- Department of Shanghai Institute of Thoracic Oncology; Shanghai Chest Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
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Cheng Z, Chu H, Zhu Q, Yang L. Ferroptosis in non-alcoholic liver disease: Molecular mechanisms and therapeutic implications. Front Nutr 2023; 10:1090338. [PMID: 36992907 PMCID: PMC10040549 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2023.1090338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2022] [Accepted: 02/27/2023] [Indexed: 03/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Ferroptosis refers to a novel modality of regulated cell death characterized by excessive iron accumulation and overwhelming lipid peroxidation, which takes an important part in multiple pathological processes associated with cell death. Considering the crucial roles of the liver in iron and lipid metabolism and its predisposition to oxidative insults, more and more studies have been conducted to explore the relationship between ferroptosis and various liver disorders, including non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). With increased morbidity and high mortality rates, NAFLD has currently emerged as a global public health issue. However, the etiology of NAFLD is not fully understood. In recent years, an accumulating body of evidence have suggested that ferroptosis plays a pivotal role in the pathogenesis of NAFLD, but the precise mechanisms underlying how ferroptosis affects NAFLD still remain obscure. Here, we summarize the molecular mechanisms of ferroptosis and its complicated regulation systems, delineate the different effects that ferroptosis exerts in different stages of NAFLD, and discuss some potential effective therapies targeting ferroptosis for NAFLD treatment, which putatively points out a novel direction for NAFLD treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zilu Cheng
- Division of Gastroenterology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Huikuan Chu
- Division of Gastroenterology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Qingjing Zhu
- Jinyintan Hospital, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- *Correspondence: Qingjing Zhu,
| | - Ling Yang
- Division of Gastroenterology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
- Ling Yang, ,
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Kitab B, Tsukiyama-Kohara K. Regulatory Role of Ribonucleotide Reductase Subunit M2 in Hepatocyte Growth and Pathogenesis of Hepatitis C Virus. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24032619. [PMID: 36768940 PMCID: PMC9916403 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24032619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2022] [Revised: 01/27/2023] [Accepted: 01/27/2023] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Hepatitis C virus (HCV) frequently causes chronic infection in the human liver, which may progress to advanced hepatic fibrosis, cirrhosis, and hepatocellular carcinoma. HCV primarily infects highly differentiated quiescent hepatocytes and can modulate cell cycle-regulatory genes and proliferation pathways, which ultimately contribute to persistent infection and pathogenesis. On the other hand, several studies have shown differential regulation of HCV RNA and viral protein expression levels, depending on the proliferation state of hepatocytes and the phase of the cell cycle. HCV typically requires factors provided by host cells for efficient and persistent viral replication. Previously, we found that HCV infection upregulates the expression of ribonucleotide reductase subunit M2 (RRM2) in quiescent hepatocytes. RRM2 is a rate-limiting protein that catalyzes de novo synthesis of deoxyribonucleotide triphosphates, and its expression is highly regulated during various phases of the cell cycle. RRM2 functions as a pro-viral factor essential for HCV RNA synthesis, but its functional role in HCV-induced liver diseases remains unknown. Here, we present a comprehensive review of the role of the hepatocyte cell cycle, in correlation with RRM2 expression, in the regulation of HCV replication. We also discuss the potential relevance of this protein in the pathogenesis of HCV, particularly in the development of hepatocellular carcinoma.
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Kouroumalis E, Tsomidis I, Voumvouraki A. Iron as a therapeutic target in chronic liver disease. World J Gastroenterol 2023; 29:616-655. [PMID: 36742167 PMCID: PMC9896614 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v29.i4.616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2022] [Revised: 11/03/2022] [Accepted: 12/31/2022] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
It was clearly realized more than 50 years ago that iron deposition in the liver may be a critical factor in the development and progression of liver disease. The recent clarification of ferroptosis as a specific form of regulated hepatocyte death different from apoptosis and the description of ferritinophagy as a specific variation of autophagy prompted detailed investigations on the association of iron and the liver. In this review, we will present a brief discussion of iron absorption and handling by the liver with emphasis on the role of liver macrophages and the significance of the iron regulators hepcidin, transferrin, and ferritin in iron homeostasis. The regulation of ferroptosis by endogenous and exogenous mod-ulators will be examined. Furthermore, the involvement of iron and ferroptosis in various liver diseases including alcoholic and non-alcoholic liver disease, chronic hepatitis B and C, liver fibrosis, and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) will be analyzed. Finally, experimental and clinical results following interventions to reduce iron deposition and the promising manipulation of ferroptosis will be presented. Most liver diseases will be benefited by ferroptosis inhibition using exogenous inhibitors with the notable exception of HCC, where induction of ferroptosis is the desired effect. Current evidence mostly stems from in vitro and in vivo experimental studies and the need for well-designed future clinical trials is warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elias Kouroumalis
- Liver Research Laboratory, University of Crete Medical School, Heraklion 71003, Greece
| | - Ioannis Tsomidis
- First Department of Internal Medicine, AHEPA University Hospital, Thessaloniki 54621, Greece
| | - Argyro Voumvouraki
- First Department of Internal Medicine, AHEPA University Hospital, Thessaloniki 54621, Greece
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Shao K, Shen H, Chen X, Shao Z, Liu Y, Wang Y, Chen H, Wu X. Copper transporter gene ATP7A: A predictive biomarker for immunotherapy and targeted therapy in hepatocellular carcinoma. Int Immunopharmacol 2023; 114:109518. [PMID: 36502594 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2022.109518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2022] [Revised: 11/23/2022] [Accepted: 11/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND ATP7A is an important copper transporter that regulates numerous cellular biological processes. However, the role of ATP7A in immunotherapy and targeted therapy, especially for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), remains unknown. METHODS We analyzed ATP7A expression and its effect on digestive system tumor prognoses, assessed its expression in tissue microarrays from 319 HCC patients, and investigated the relationship between ATP7A expression and tumor immunity. Specifically, we evaluated the possible association between ATP7A and programmed death ligand 1 (PD-L1) expression in human HCC tissues. Finally, we analyzed the effect of ATP7A on sorafenib efficacy in HCC. RESULTS ATP7A is generally highly expressed in digestive system tumors but related to poor prognosis only in HCC. ATP7A levels are positively associated with immune cell infiltration and immune checkpoint expression (especially PD-L1). HCC patients coexpressing APT7A and PD-L1 demonstrate poor prognoses. Moreover, HCC patients with high ATP7A levels were more sensitive to sorafenib and demonstrated higher survival rates after sorafenib treatment. CONCLUSIONS This study provides insights into the correlation between ATP7A levels and tumor immune infiltration and immune checkpoint function in HCC, sheds light on the significance of ATP7A in cancer progression, and provides guidance for more effective and general therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ke Shao
- Hepatobiliary Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China; Key Laboratory of Liver Transplantation, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China; NHC Key Laboratory of Living Donor Liver Transplantation, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Hui Shen
- Department of Oncology, Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xiaofeng Chen
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Zhiying Shao
- Cancer Institute, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yiwei Liu
- Hepatobiliary Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China; Key Laboratory of Liver Transplantation, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China; NHC Key Laboratory of Living Donor Liver Transplantation, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yuming Wang
- Hepatobiliary Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China; Key Laboratory of Liver Transplantation, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China; NHC Key Laboratory of Living Donor Liver Transplantation, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Hairong Chen
- Department of Occupational Medicine and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Xiaofeng Wu
- Hepatobiliary Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China; Key Laboratory of Liver Transplantation, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China; NHC Key Laboratory of Living Donor Liver Transplantation, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.
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Du Y, Guo Z. Recent progress in ferroptosis: inducers and inhibitors. Cell Death Dis 2022; 8:501. [PMID: 36581640 PMCID: PMC9800531 DOI: 10.1038/s41420-022-01297-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 41.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2022] [Revised: 12/20/2022] [Accepted: 12/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Ferroptosis is a new iron-dependent form of programmed cell death characterized by iron accumulation and lipid peroxidation. In recent years, ferroptosis has garnered enormous interest in disease treatment research communities in pursuit to reveal the mechanism and key targets of ferroptosis because ferroptosis is closely related to the pathophysiological processes of many diseases. Recent studies have shown some key targets, such as glutathione peroxidase 4 (GPX4) and System Xc-, and several inducers and inhibitors have been developed to regulate these key targets. With the emergence of new ferroptosis targets, studies on inducers and inhibitors have made new developments. The selection and use of inducers and inhibitors are very important for related work. This paper briefly introduces important regulatory targets in the ferroptosis metabolic pathway, lists and categorizes commonly used and recently developed inducers and inhibitors, and discusses their medical application. The paper ends of with potential future research direction for ferroptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunxi Du
- grid.20513.350000 0004 1789 9964Center for Biological Science and Technology, Guangdong Zhuhai-Macao Joint Biotech Laboratory, Advanced Institute of Natural Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Zhuhai, China
| | - Zhong Guo
- grid.20513.350000 0004 1789 9964Center for Biological Science and Technology, Guangdong Zhuhai-Macao Joint Biotech Laboratory, Advanced Institute of Natural Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Zhuhai, China ,grid.20513.350000 0004 1789 9964Key Laboratory of Cell Proliferation and Regulation Biology of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
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11
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Yu Y, Ren Y, Wang C, Li Z, Niu F, Li Z, Ye Q, Wang J, Yan Y, Liu P, Qian L, Xiong Y. Arginase 2 negatively regulates sorafenib-induced cell death by mediating ferroptosis in melanoma. Acta Biochim Biophys Sin (Shanghai) 2022; 54:1658-1670. [PMID: 36604146 PMCID: PMC9828469 DOI: 10.3724/abbs.2022166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Ferroptosis, a newly defined and iron-dependent cell death, morphologically and biochemically differs from other cell deaths. Melanoma is a serious type of skin cancer, and the poor efficacy of current therapies causes a major increase in mortality. Sorafenib, a multiple kinase inhibitor, has been evaluated in clinical phase trials of melanoma patients, which shows modest efficacy. Emerging evidence has demonstrated that arginase 2 (Arg2), type 2 of arginase, is elevated in various types of cancers including melanoma. To investigate the role and underlying mechanism of Arg2 in sorafenib-induced ferroptosis in melanoma, reverse transcriptase-quantitative polymerase chain reaction, western blot analysis, adenovirus and lentivirus transduction, and in vivo tumor homograft model experiments were conducted. In this study, we show that sorafenib treatment leads to melanoma cell death and a decrease in Arg2 at both the mRNA and protein levels. Knockdown of Arg2 increases lipid peroxidation, which contributes to ferroptosis, and decreases the phosphorylation of Akt. In contrast, overexpression of Arg2 rescues sorafenib-induced ferroptosis, which is prevented by an Akt inhibitor. In addition, genetic and pharmacological suppression of Arg2 is able to ameliorate the anticancer activity of sorafenib in melanoma cells in vitro and in tumor homograft models. We also show that Arg2 suppresses ferroptosis by activating the Akt/GPX4 signaling pathway, negatively regulating sorafenib-induced cell death in melanoma cells. Our study not only uncovers a novel mechanism of ferroptosis in melanoma but also provides a new strategy for the clinical applications of sorafenib in melanoma treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Yu
- Xi’an Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular DiseasesXi’an No.3 HospitalFaculty of Life Sciences and MedicineNorthwest UniversityXi’an710018China,Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western ChinaMinistry of EducationSchool of MedicineNorthwest UniversityXi’an710069China
| | - Yuanyuan Ren
- Xi’an Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular DiseasesXi’an No.3 HospitalFaculty of Life Sciences and MedicineNorthwest UniversityXi’an710018China,Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western ChinaMinistry of EducationSchool of MedicineNorthwest UniversityXi’an710069China
| | - Caihua Wang
- Xi’an Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular DiseasesXi’an No.3 HospitalFaculty of Life Sciences and MedicineNorthwest UniversityXi’an710018China,Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western ChinaMinistry of EducationSchool of MedicineNorthwest UniversityXi’an710069China
| | - Zhuozhuo Li
- Xi’an Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular DiseasesXi’an No.3 HospitalFaculty of Life Sciences and MedicineNorthwest UniversityXi’an710018China,Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western ChinaMinistry of EducationSchool of MedicineNorthwest UniversityXi’an710069China
| | - Fanglin Niu
- Xi’an Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular DiseasesXi’an No.3 HospitalFaculty of Life Sciences and MedicineNorthwest UniversityXi’an710018China,Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western ChinaMinistry of EducationSchool of MedicineNorthwest UniversityXi’an710069China
| | - Zi Li
- Xi’an Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular DiseasesXi’an No.3 HospitalFaculty of Life Sciences and MedicineNorthwest UniversityXi’an710018China,Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western ChinaMinistry of EducationSchool of MedicineNorthwest UniversityXi’an710069China
| | - Qiang Ye
- Xi’an Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular DiseasesXi’an No.3 HospitalFaculty of Life Sciences and MedicineNorthwest UniversityXi’an710018China,Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western ChinaMinistry of EducationSchool of MedicineNorthwest UniversityXi’an710069China
| | - Jiangxia Wang
- Xi’an Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular DiseasesXi’an No.3 HospitalFaculty of Life Sciences and MedicineNorthwest UniversityXi’an710018China,Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western ChinaMinistry of EducationSchool of MedicineNorthwest UniversityXi’an710069China
| | - Yuan Yan
- Xi’an Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular DiseasesXi’an No.3 HospitalFaculty of Life Sciences and MedicineNorthwest UniversityXi’an710018China,Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western ChinaMinistry of EducationSchool of MedicineNorthwest UniversityXi’an710069China
| | - Ping Liu
- Xi’an Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular DiseasesXi’an No.3 HospitalFaculty of Life Sciences and MedicineNorthwest UniversityXi’an710018China,Department of EndocrinologyXi’an No.3 Hospitalthe Affiliated Hospital of Northwest UniversityNorthwest UniversityXi’an710069China,Correspondence address. Tel: +86-29-61816169; (P.L.) / Tel: +86-29-61816169; (L.Q.) /Tel: +86-29-88302411; (Y.X.) @
| | - Lu Qian
- Xi’an Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular DiseasesXi’an No.3 HospitalFaculty of Life Sciences and MedicineNorthwest UniversityXi’an710018China,Department of EndocrinologyXi’an No.3 Hospitalthe Affiliated Hospital of Northwest UniversityNorthwest UniversityXi’an710069China,Correspondence address. Tel: +86-29-61816169; (P.L.) / Tel: +86-29-61816169; (L.Q.) /Tel: +86-29-88302411; (Y.X.) @
| | - Yuyan Xiong
- Xi’an Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular DiseasesXi’an No.3 HospitalFaculty of Life Sciences and MedicineNorthwest UniversityXi’an710018China,Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western ChinaMinistry of EducationSchool of MedicineNorthwest UniversityXi’an710069China,Correspondence address. Tel: +86-29-61816169; (P.L.) / Tel: +86-29-61816169; (L.Q.) /Tel: +86-29-88302411; (Y.X.) @
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12
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Effects of Sensitized Sorafenib with a Paeoniflorin and Geniposide Mixture on Liver Cancer via the NF- κB-HIF-2 α-SerpinB3 Pathway. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2022; 2022:1911311. [PMID: 36285158 PMCID: PMC9588328 DOI: 10.1155/2022/1911311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2022] [Revised: 08/18/2022] [Accepted: 09/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Purpose This study focused on determining the anticancer effect of paeoniflorin and geniposide mixture (PFGS) combined with sorafenib (Sor) in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and, in particular, whether PFGS increases the antitumor effect of Sor by modulating the NF-κB/HIF-2α/SerpinB3 pathway. Methods The H22 hepatoma tumor-bearing mouse model was treated with PFGS, Sor, and a combination of the two drugs for 12 days. The effects of PFGS combined with Sor on tumor growth and apoptosis and the expression of NF-κB, HIF-2α, and SerpinB3 in tumor tissue were assessed. In addition, Sor-resistant hepatoma cells were treated with PFGS, Sor, and the combination of the two drugs in vitro. The effects of PFGS combined with Sor on cell proliferation and invasion and the protein expression of NF-κB p65, HIF-2α, and SerpinB3 were investigated. Results PFGS combined with Sor treatment synergistically inhibited tumor growth in HCC tumor-bearing mice. Immunostaining showed that PFGS combined with Sor treatment significantly decreased the expression of Ki-67 and obviously induced apoptosis in the tumor compared with a single treatment. Similarly, PFGS combined with Sor treatment significantly downregulated the expression of NF-κB, HIF-2α, and SerpinB3 in the tumor compared with a single treatment. Additionally, PFGS combined with Sor markedly inhibited cell proliferation and invasion and activation of the NF-κB/HIF-2α/SerpinB3 pathway in Sor-resistant hepatoma cells compared with a single treatment. Conclusion Our study demonstrated that PFGS synergistically increased the antiliver cancer effects of Sor by lowering activation of the NF-κB/HIF-2α/SerpinB3 pathway. These findings provided a scientific foundation for clinical studies using PFGS and Sor to treat liver cancer.
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13
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Knockdown of lncRNA TP53TG1 Enhances the Efficacy of Sorafenib in Human Hepatocellular Carcinoma Cells. Noncoding RNA 2022; 8:ncrna8040061. [PMID: 36005829 PMCID: PMC9414591 DOI: 10.3390/ncrna8040061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2022] [Revised: 07/19/2022] [Accepted: 08/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The multikinase inhibitor, sorafenib, is a first-line treatment for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), but its limited efficacy, drug resistance and toxicity are a concern. In this study, we investigated the role of lncRNA TP53TG1 in the efficacy of sorafenib in HCC cells. We found that treatment with sorafenib increased the expression of TP53TG1 in HCC cells. Knockdown of TP53TG1 sensitized tumor cells to the antiproliferative effects of sorafenib. Furthermore, TP53TG1 knockdown had an additive inhibitory effect on HCC cell proliferation and migration in the presence of sorafenib. The combination of TP53TG1 knockdown and sorafenib drastically inhibited the activation of the ERK pathway. This work demonstrates that TP53TG1 deficiency enhances the efficacy of sorafenib in HCC. Combining TP53TG1 knockdown with sorafenib may be an optimal form of therapy for HCC treatment.
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14
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Mei F, Liu Y, Zheng S. Rhamnazin Inhibits Hepatocellular Carcinoma Cell Aggressiveness In Vitro via Glutathione Peroxidase 4-Dependent Ferroptosis. TOHOKU J EXP MED 2022; 258:111-120. [PMID: 35896364 DOI: 10.1620/tjem.2022.j061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Fei Mei
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University
| | - Yuan Liu
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University
| | - Shuang Zheng
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University
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15
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DJ-1/FGFR-1 Signaling Pathway Contributes to Sorafenib Resistance in Hepatocellular Carcinoma. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2022; 2022:2543220. [PMID: 35770048 PMCID: PMC9236769 DOI: 10.1155/2022/2543220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2021] [Revised: 05/03/2022] [Accepted: 05/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Sorafenib is the first-line therapeutic regimen targeting against advanced or metastatic stage of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). However, HCC patients at these stages will eventually fail sorafenib treatment due to the drug resistance. At present, molecular mechanisms underlying sorafenib resistance are not completely understood. Our past studies have shown that DJ-1 is upregulated in HCC, while DJ-1 knockdown inhibits HCC xenograft-induced tumor growth and regeneration, implying that DJ-1 may be a potential target in for HCC treatment. However, whether DJ-1 plays a regulatory role between tumor cells and vascular endothelial cells and whether DJ-1 contributes to sorafenib resistance in HCC cells are largely unclear. To address these questions, we have performed a series of experiments in the current study, and we found that (1) DJ-1, one of the molecules secreted from HCC cells, promoted angiogenesis and migration of vascular endothelial cells (i.e., ECDHCC-1), by inducing phosphorylation of fibroblast growth factor receptor-1 (FGFR-1), phosphorylation of mTOR, phosphorylation of ERK, and phosphorylation of STAT3; (2) downregulation of FGFR1 inhibited tube formation and migration of ECDHCC-1 cells stimulated by DJ-1; (3) FGFR1 knockdown attenuated the phosphorylation of FGFR1 and impaired the activity of Akt, ERK, and STAT3 signals induced by DJ-1 in ECDHCC-1 cells; (4) knocking down FGFR1 led to the elevated expression of proapoptotic molecules but deceased level of antiapoptotic molecules in sorafenib-resistant HCC cells; and (5) Downregulation of FGFR1 suppressed tumor growth and angiogenesis of sorafenib-resistant HCC cells in vivo. Altogether, our results hinted that DJ-1 plays vital roles in tumor microenvironment in HCC development, and DJ-1/FGFR1 signaling pathway may be a therapeutic target for overcoming sorafenib resistance in treating HCC patients at the late stage.
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16
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Identification of ferroptosis-related genes for overall survival prediction in hepatocellular carcinoma. Sci Rep 2022; 12:10007. [PMID: 35705729 PMCID: PMC9200861 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-14554-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2021] [Accepted: 06/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Ferroptosis is a novel type of cell death depending on iron and is strongly related to the development of tumors. Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a malignancy with high incidence. Despite some reports demonstrating the relation between ferroptosis-related genes and HCC, more details have not been excavated. In the present study, we collected and analyzed HCC patients' datasets from the TCGA-LIHC project and ICGC portal, respectively. Through the bioinformatic methods, we screened 126 differentially expressed genes. Then a prognostic model was established with four genes (GPX2, MT3, PRDX1, and SRXN1). PRDX1 is the hub gene of the prognosis model and has a high expression in hepatocellular carcinoma tumor tissue and cell lines. We further found that silencing PRDX1 increased the accumulation of ferrous ions and lipid peroxidation accumulation in HEPG2 cells and promoted ferroptosis in hepatocellular carcinoma. In conclusion, the study demonstrated the four-gene signature can be used to predict HCC prognosis. It also revealed the potential function of the ferroptosis-related gene PRDX1 in HCC, which can be a biomarker of the prediction for HCC outcome.
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17
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Zhou X, Fu Y, Liu W, Mu Y, Zhang H, Chen J, Liu P. Ferroptosis in Chronic Liver Diseases: Opportunities and Challenges. Front Mol Biosci 2022; 9:928321. [PMID: 35720113 PMCID: PMC9205467 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2022.928321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2022] [Accepted: 05/16/2022] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Ferroptosis, an iron-dependent non-apoptotic cell death characterized by lipid peroxidation, is a cell death pathway discovered in recent years. Ferroptosis plays an important role in tumors, ischemia-reperfusion injury, neurological diseases, blood diseases, etc. Recent studies have shown the importance of ferroptosis in chronic liver disease. This article summarizes the pathological mechanisms of ferroptosis involved in System Xc−, iron metabolism, lipid metabolism, and some GPX4-independent pathways, and the latest research on ferroptosis in chronic liver diseases such as alcoholic liver disease, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, liver fibrosis, hepatocellular carcinoma. In addition, the current bottleneck issues that restrict the research on ferroptosis are proposed to provide ideas and strategies for exploring new therapeutic targets for chronic liver diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoxi Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Liver and Kidney Diseases, Ministry of Education, Institute of Liver Diseases, Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Clinical Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yadong Fu
- Key Laboratory of Liver and Kidney Diseases, Ministry of Education, Institute of Liver Diseases, Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Clinical Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Institute of Interdisciplinary Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
- State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Wei Liu
- Key Laboratory of Liver and Kidney Diseases, Ministry of Education, Institute of Liver Diseases, Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Clinical Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yongping Mu
- Key Laboratory of Liver and Kidney Diseases, Ministry of Education, Institute of Liver Diseases, Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Clinical Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Hua Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Liver and Kidney Diseases, Ministry of Education, Institute of Liver Diseases, Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Clinical Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jiamei Chen
- Key Laboratory of Liver and Kidney Diseases, Ministry of Education, Institute of Liver Diseases, Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Clinical Medicine, Shanghai, China
- *Correspondence: Jiamei Chen, ; Ping Liu,
| | - Ping Liu
- Key Laboratory of Liver and Kidney Diseases, Ministry of Education, Institute of Liver Diseases, Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Clinical Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Institute of Interdisciplinary Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
- *Correspondence: Jiamei Chen, ; Ping Liu,
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18
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Yao Y, Shi Y, Gao Z, Sun Y, Yao F, Ma L. Ferroptosis at the crossroads of tumor-host interactions, metastasis, and therapy response. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 2022; 323:C95-C103. [PMID: 35613358 DOI: 10.1152/ajpcell.00148.2022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Ferroptosis is a form of regulated cell death characterized by the accumulation of lipid peroxides in an iron-dependent manner. Ferroptotic cell death is modulated by many metabolic pathways, such as pathways governing the metabolism of sugars, lipids, amino acids, and iron, as well as mitochondrial activity and redox homeostasis. Tumor metastasis and therapy resistance are the main obstacles to curing cancers. Because tumor cells usually exhibit higher iron dependence than normal cells, they may be more susceptible to ferroptosis despite being resistant to other forms of cell death. Moreover, recent evidence has suggested that ferroptosis is involved in tumor-host interactions, modulates the tumor microenvironment, and serves as an anti-metastatic mechanism. Thus, inducing ferroptosis in tumor cells has the potential to improve cancer treatment. Here, we review ferroptosis-regulating mechanisms and the roles of ferroptosis in malignant progression, including the tumor-host interactions, metastasis, and cancer therapy response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yinan Yao
- Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, College of Biomedicine and Health, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Yuxin Shi
- Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, College of Biomedicine and Health, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Zizhe Gao
- Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, College of Biomedicine and Health, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Yutong Sun
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, United States
| | - Fan Yao
- Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, College of Biomedicine and Health, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei, China.,Hubei Clinical Research Center for Precise Diagnosis and Treatment of Liver Cancer, Taihe Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, Hubei, China
| | - Li Ma
- Department of Experimental Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, United States.,The University of Texas MD Anderson UTHealth Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Houston, Texas, United States
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19
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Li Y, Zhang J, Zhang K, Chen Y, Wang W, Chen H, Zou Z, Li Y, Dai M. Scutellaria barbata Inhibits Hepatocellular Carcinoma Tumorigenicity by Inducing Ferroptosis of Hepatocellular Carcinoma Cells. Front Oncol 2022; 12:693395. [PMID: 35321425 PMCID: PMC8936062 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.693395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2021] [Accepted: 01/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Ferroptosis is caused by accumulation of iron-dependent lipid peroxidation, which is characterized by reduction in cell volume and increase in mitochondrial membrane density. Studies have shown that ferroptosis contributes to the development and progression of numerous major diseases, including hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). As a unique biomedical resource, Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) has been widely used in the treatment of HCC. In this present study, Scutellaria barbata was used to treat HCC cells in vitro, and the results revealed that S. barbata suppressed HCC cell growth through inducing ferroptosis. Next, the exploration of the molecular mechanism on how S. barbata induced ferroptosis in HCC cells suggested that S. barbata may induce ferroptosis by promoting iron perioxidation and lipid ROS metabolism. Finally, S. barbata also inhibited HCC tumorigenicity in vivo by inducing ferroptosis of HCC cells. These results provided theoretical basis for explaining the mechanism of TCM treatment for HCC and offered therapeutic opportunities for HCC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Min Dai
- *Correspondence: Yongwei Li, ; Min Dai,
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20
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SMYD5 acts as a potential biomarker for hepatocellular carcinoma. Exp Cell Res 2022; 414:113076. [PMID: 35218722 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2022.113076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2021] [Revised: 02/17/2022] [Accepted: 02/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Determining the prognosis of patients remains a challenge due to the phenotypic and molecular diversities of hepatocellular carcinomas (HCC). We aimed to evaluate the role of SMYD5 in HCC. Wilcoxon signed-rank test and logistic regression analyzed the relationship between clinical pathologic features and SMYD5. We found that increased expression of SMYD5 in HCC was closely associated with high histologic grade, stage, T stage and nodal stage. Kaplan-Meier method, Cox regression, univariate analysis and multivariate analysis detected overall survival of TCGA-HCC patients. It turned out that high expression of SMYD5 predicted a worse prognosis in HCC. Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (GSEA) was applied via TCGA data set, which indicated that complement and coagulation cascades, fatty acid metabolism, primary bile acid biosynthesis, drug metabolism cytochrome P450, PPAR signaling pathway and retinol metabolism were differentially enriched in SMYD5 high expression phenotype. Interestingly, we proved that SMYD5 upregulation in HCC cells was induced by promoter hypo-methylation. Moreover, functional experiments demonstrated that SMYD5 silencing abrogated cell proliferation, migration and invasion and enhanced paclitaxel sensitivity in HCC. All findings implied that SMYD5 might be an underlying biomarker for prognosis and treatment of HCC.
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21
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Lu Y, Chan YT, Tan HY, Zhang C, Guo W, Xu Y, Sharma R, Chen ZS, Zheng YC, Wang N, Feng Y. Epigenetic regulation of ferroptosis via ETS1/miR-23a-3p/ACSL4 axis mediates sorafenib resistance in human hepatocellular carcinoma. J Exp Clin Cancer Res 2022; 41:3. [PMID: 34980204 PMCID: PMC8722264 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-021-02208-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 96] [Impact Index Per Article: 48.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2021] [Accepted: 12/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Drug resistance to sorafenib greatly limited the benefits of treatment in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). MicroRNAs (miRNAs) participate in the development of drug resistance. The key miRNA regulators related to the clinical outcome of sorafenib treatment and their molecular mechanisms remain to be identified. METHODS The clinical significance of miRNA-related epigenetic changes in sorafenib-resistant HCC was evaluated by analyzing publicly available databases and in-house human HCC tissues. The biological functions of miR-23a-3p were investigated both in vitro and in vivo. Proteomics and bioinformatics analyses were conducted to identify the mechanisms that regulating miR-23a-3p. Luciferase reporter assay and chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) assay were used to validate the binding relationship of miR-23a-3p and its targets. RESULTS We found that miR-23a-3p was the most prominent miRNA in HCC, which was overexpressed in sorafenib non-responders and indicated poor survival and HCC relapse. Sorafenib-resistant cells exhibited increased miR-23a-3p transcription in an ETS Proto-Oncogene 1 (ETS1)-dependent manner. CRISPR-Cas9 knockout of miR-23a-3p improved sorafenib response in HCC cells as well as orthotopic HCC tumours. Proteomics analysis suggested that sorafenib-induced ferroptosis was the key pathway suppressed by miR-23a-3p with reduced cellular iron accumulation and lipid peroxidation. MiR-23a-3p directly targeted the 3'-untranslated regions (UTR) of ACSL4, the key positive regulator of ferroptosis. The miR-23a-3p inhibitor rescued ACSL4 expression and induced ferrotoptic cell death in sorafenib-treated HCC cells. The co-delivery of ACSL4 siRNA and miR-23a-3p inhibitor abolished sorafenib response. CONCLUSION Our study demonstrates that ETS1/miR-23a-3p/ACSL4 axis contributes to sorafenib resistance in HCC through regulating ferroptosis. Our findings suggest that miR-23a-3p could be a potential target to improve sorafenib responsiveness in HCC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanjun Lu
- School of Chinese Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Yau-Tuen Chan
- School of Chinese Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Hor-Yue Tan
- Centre for Chinese Herbal Medicine Drug Development, School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, China
| | - Cheng Zhang
- School of Chinese Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Wei Guo
- Department of Pharmacy, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Yu Xu
- School of Chinese Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Rakesh Sharma
- Proteomics and Metabolomics Core Facility, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Zhe-Sheng Chen
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, St. John's University, Queens, NY, USA
| | - Yi-Chao Zheng
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Ning Wang
- School of Chinese Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.
| | - Yibin Feng
- School of Chinese Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.
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22
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Yao F, Deng Y, Zhao Y, Mei Y, Zhang Y, Liu X, Martinez C, Su X, Rosato RR, Teng H, Hang Q, Yap S, Chen D, Wang Y, Chen MJM, Zhang M, Liang H, Xie D, Chen X, Zhu H, Chang JC, You MJ, Sun Y, Gan B, Ma L. A targetable LIFR-NF-κB-LCN2 axis controls liver tumorigenesis and vulnerability to ferroptosis. Nat Commun 2021; 12:7333. [PMID: 34921145 PMCID: PMC8683481 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-27452-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 124] [Impact Index Per Article: 41.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2021] [Accepted: 11/16/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The growing knowledge of ferroptosis has suggested the role and therapeutic potential of ferroptosis in cancer, but has not been translated into effective therapy. Liver cancer, primarily hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), is highly lethal with limited treatment options. LIFR is frequently downregulated in HCC. Here, by studying hepatocyte-specific and inducible Lifr-knockout mice, we show that loss of Lifr promotes liver tumorigenesis and confers resistance to drug-induced ferroptosis. Mechanistically, loss of LIFR activates NF-κB signaling through SHP1, leading to upregulation of the iron-sequestering cytokine LCN2, which depletes iron and renders insensitivity to ferroptosis inducers. Notably, an LCN2-neutralizing antibody enhances the ferroptosis-inducing and anticancer effects of sorafenib on HCC patient-derived xenograft tumors with low LIFR expression and high LCN2 expression. Thus, anti-LCN2 therapy is a promising way to improve liver cancer treatment by targeting ferroptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fan Yao
- Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, College of Life Science and Technology, College of Biomedicine and Health, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430070, China.
- Department of Experimental Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, 77030, USA.
| | - Yalan Deng
- Department of Experimental Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Yang Zhao
- Department of Experimental Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Ying Mei
- Department of Experimental Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Yilei Zhang
- Department of Experimental Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Xiaoguang Liu
- Department of Experimental Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Consuelo Martinez
- Department of Experimental Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Xiaohua Su
- Department of Experimental Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Roberto R Rosato
- Houston Methodist Cancer Center, Houston Methodist Hospital, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Hongqi Teng
- Department of Experimental Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Qinglei Hang
- Department of Experimental Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Shannon Yap
- Department of Experimental Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Dahu Chen
- Department of Experimental Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Yumeng Wang
- Department of Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Mei-Ju May Chen
- Department of Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Mutian Zhang
- Institute of Biosciences and Technology, Texas A&M University, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Han Liang
- Department of Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Dong Xie
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nutrition, Metabolism and Food Safety, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200031, China
| | - Xin Chen
- Department of Bioengineering and Therapeutic Sciences, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, 94143, USA
| | - Hao Zhu
- Children's Research Institute, Departments of Pediatrics and Internal Medicine, Center for Regenerative Science and Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, 75390, USA
| | - Jenny C Chang
- Houston Methodist Cancer Center, Houston Methodist Hospital, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - M James You
- Department of Hematopathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Yutong Sun
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Boyi Gan
- Department of Experimental Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
- The University of Texas MD Anderson UTHealth Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Li Ma
- Department of Experimental Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, 77030, USA.
- The University of Texas MD Anderson UTHealth Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Houston, TX, 77030, USA.
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23
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Zhang L, Jia R, Li H, Yu H, Ren K, Jia S, Li Y, Wang Q. Insight into the Double-Edged Role of Ferroptosis in Disease. Biomolecules 2021; 11:1790. [PMID: 34944434 PMCID: PMC8699194 DOI: 10.3390/biom11121790] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2021] [Revised: 11/23/2021] [Accepted: 11/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Ferroptosis, a newly described type of iron-dependent programmed cell death that is distinct from apoptosis, necroptosis, and other types of cell death, is involved in lipid peroxidation (LP), reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, and mitochondrial dysfunction. Accumulating evidence has highlighted vital roles for ferroptosis in multiple diseases, including acute kidney injury, cancer, hepatic fibrosis, Parkinson's disease, and Alzheimer's disease. Therefore, ferroptosis has become one of the research hotspots for disease treatment and attracted extensive attention in recent years. This review mainly summarizes the relationship between ferroptosis and various diseases classified by the system, including the urinary system, digestive system, respiratory system, nervous system. In addition, the role and molecular mechanism of multiple inhibitors and inducers for ferroptosis are further elucidated. A deeper understanding of the relationship between ferroptosis and multiple diseases may provide new strategies for researching diseases and drug development based on ferroptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Zhang
- Henan International Joint Laboratory for Nuclear Protein Regulation, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China; (L.Z.); (R.J.); (H.L.)
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China;
| | - Ruohan Jia
- Henan International Joint Laboratory for Nuclear Protein Regulation, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China; (L.Z.); (R.J.); (H.L.)
- School of Clinical Medicine, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China; (H.Y.); (K.R.)
| | - Huizhen Li
- Henan International Joint Laboratory for Nuclear Protein Regulation, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China; (L.Z.); (R.J.); (H.L.)
- School of Clinical Medicine, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China; (H.Y.); (K.R.)
| | - Huarun Yu
- School of Clinical Medicine, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China; (H.Y.); (K.R.)
| | - Keke Ren
- School of Clinical Medicine, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China; (H.Y.); (K.R.)
| | - Shuangshuang Jia
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China;
| | - Yanzhang Li
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China;
| | - Qun Wang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China;
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24
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Yang J, Xu J, Zhang B, Tan Z, Meng Q, Hua J, Liu J, Wang W, Shi S, Yu X, Liang C. Ferroptosis: At the Crossroad of Gemcitabine Resistance and Tumorigenesis in Pancreatic Cancer. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:10944. [PMID: 34681603 PMCID: PMC8539929 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222010944] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2021] [Revised: 10/03/2021] [Accepted: 10/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The overall five-year survival rate of pancreatic cancer has hardly changed in the past few decades (less than 10%) because of resistance to all known therapies, including chemotherapeutic drugs. In the past few decades, gemcitabine has been at the forefront of treatment for pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma, but more strategies to combat drug resistance need to be explored. One promising possibility is ferroptosis, a form of a nonapoptotic cell death that depends on intracellular iron and occurs through the accumulation of lipid reactive oxygen species, which are significant in drug resistance. In this article, we reviewed gemcitabine-resistance mechanisms; assessed the relationship among ferroptosis, tumorigenesis and gemcitabine resistance, and explored a new treatment method for pancreatic cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianhui Yang
- Department of Pancreatic Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai 200032, China; (J.Y.); (J.X.); (B.Z.); (Z.T.); (Q.M.); (J.H.); (J.L.); (W.W.); (S.S.)
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
- Shanghai Pancreatic Cancer Institute, Shanghai 200032, China
- Pancreatic Cancer Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Jin Xu
- Department of Pancreatic Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai 200032, China; (J.Y.); (J.X.); (B.Z.); (Z.T.); (Q.M.); (J.H.); (J.L.); (W.W.); (S.S.)
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
- Shanghai Pancreatic Cancer Institute, Shanghai 200032, China
- Pancreatic Cancer Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Bo Zhang
- Department of Pancreatic Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai 200032, China; (J.Y.); (J.X.); (B.Z.); (Z.T.); (Q.M.); (J.H.); (J.L.); (W.W.); (S.S.)
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
- Shanghai Pancreatic Cancer Institute, Shanghai 200032, China
- Pancreatic Cancer Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Zhen Tan
- Department of Pancreatic Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai 200032, China; (J.Y.); (J.X.); (B.Z.); (Z.T.); (Q.M.); (J.H.); (J.L.); (W.W.); (S.S.)
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
- Shanghai Pancreatic Cancer Institute, Shanghai 200032, China
- Pancreatic Cancer Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Qingcai Meng
- Department of Pancreatic Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai 200032, China; (J.Y.); (J.X.); (B.Z.); (Z.T.); (Q.M.); (J.H.); (J.L.); (W.W.); (S.S.)
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
- Shanghai Pancreatic Cancer Institute, Shanghai 200032, China
- Pancreatic Cancer Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Jie Hua
- Department of Pancreatic Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai 200032, China; (J.Y.); (J.X.); (B.Z.); (Z.T.); (Q.M.); (J.H.); (J.L.); (W.W.); (S.S.)
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
- Shanghai Pancreatic Cancer Institute, Shanghai 200032, China
- Pancreatic Cancer Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Jiang Liu
- Department of Pancreatic Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai 200032, China; (J.Y.); (J.X.); (B.Z.); (Z.T.); (Q.M.); (J.H.); (J.L.); (W.W.); (S.S.)
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
- Shanghai Pancreatic Cancer Institute, Shanghai 200032, China
- Pancreatic Cancer Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Wei Wang
- Department of Pancreatic Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai 200032, China; (J.Y.); (J.X.); (B.Z.); (Z.T.); (Q.M.); (J.H.); (J.L.); (W.W.); (S.S.)
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
- Shanghai Pancreatic Cancer Institute, Shanghai 200032, China
- Pancreatic Cancer Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Si Shi
- Department of Pancreatic Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai 200032, China; (J.Y.); (J.X.); (B.Z.); (Z.T.); (Q.M.); (J.H.); (J.L.); (W.W.); (S.S.)
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
- Shanghai Pancreatic Cancer Institute, Shanghai 200032, China
- Pancreatic Cancer Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Xianjun Yu
- Department of Pancreatic Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai 200032, China; (J.Y.); (J.X.); (B.Z.); (Z.T.); (Q.M.); (J.H.); (J.L.); (W.W.); (S.S.)
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
- Shanghai Pancreatic Cancer Institute, Shanghai 200032, China
- Pancreatic Cancer Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Chen Liang
- Department of Pancreatic Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai 200032, China; (J.Y.); (J.X.); (B.Z.); (Z.T.); (Q.M.); (J.H.); (J.L.); (W.W.); (S.S.)
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
- Shanghai Pancreatic Cancer Institute, Shanghai 200032, China
- Pancreatic Cancer Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
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25
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Deng T, Hu B, Jin C, Tong Y, Zhao J, Shi Z, Zhang T, Deng L, Sun Z, Chen G, Wang Y. A novel ferroptosis phenotype-related clinical-molecular prognostic signature for hepatocellular carcinoma. J Cell Mol Med 2021; 25:6618-6633. [PMID: 34085405 PMCID: PMC8278110 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.16666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2021] [Revised: 04/25/2021] [Accepted: 05/10/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Ferroptosis is a newly identified cell death mechanism and potential biomarker for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) therapy; however, its clinical relevance and underlying mechanism remain unclear. In this study, transcriptome and methylome data from 374 HCC cases were investigated for 41 ferroptosis-related genes to identify ferroptosis activity-associated subtypes. These subtypes were further investigated for associations with clinical and pathological variables, gene mutation landscapes, deregulated pathways and tumour microenvironmental immunity. A gene expression signature and predictive model were developed and validated using an additional 232 HCC cases from another independent cohort. Two distinct ferroptosis phenotypes (Ferroptosis-H and Ferroptosis-L) were identified according to ferroptosis gene expression and methylation in the patients with HCC. Patients with the Ferroptosis-H had worse overall and disease-specific survival, and the molecular subtypes were significantly associated with different clinical characteristics, mRNA expression patterns, tumour mutation profiles and microenvironmental immune status. Furthermore, a 15-gene ferroptosis-related prognostic model (FPM) for HCC was developed and validated which demonstrated accurate risk stratification ability. A nomogram included the FPM risk score, ECOG PS and hepatitis B status was developed for eventual clinical translation. Our results suggest that HCC subtypes defined by ferroptosis gene expression and methylation may be used to stratify patients for clinical decision-making.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tuo Deng
- Department of Hepatobiliary SurgeryThe First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical UniversityWenzhouChina
- Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe Hepato‐Pancreatic Diseases of Zhejiang ProvinceThe First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical UniversityWenzhouChina
| | - Bingren Hu
- Department of Hepatobiliary SurgeryThe First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical UniversityWenzhouChina
- Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe Hepato‐Pancreatic Diseases of Zhejiang ProvinceThe First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical UniversityWenzhouChina
| | - Chen Jin
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health and ManagementWenzhou Medical UniversityWenzhouChina
| | - Yifan Tong
- Department of Hepatobiliary SurgeryThe First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical UniversityWenzhouChina
- Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe Hepato‐Pancreatic Diseases of Zhejiang ProvinceThe First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical UniversityWenzhouChina
| | - Jungang Zhao
- Department of Hepatobiliary SurgeryThe First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical UniversityWenzhouChina
- Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe Hepato‐Pancreatic Diseases of Zhejiang ProvinceThe First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical UniversityWenzhouChina
| | - Zhehao Shi
- Department of Hepatobiliary SurgeryThe First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical UniversityWenzhouChina
- Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe Hepato‐Pancreatic Diseases of Zhejiang ProvinceThe First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical UniversityWenzhouChina
| | - Tan Zhang
- Department of Hepatobiliary SurgeryThe First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical UniversityWenzhouChina
- Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe Hepato‐Pancreatic Diseases of Zhejiang ProvinceThe First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical UniversityWenzhouChina
| | - Liming Deng
- Department of Hepatobiliary SurgeryThe First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical UniversityWenzhouChina
- Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe Hepato‐Pancreatic Diseases of Zhejiang ProvinceThe First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical UniversityWenzhouChina
| | - Zhifu Sun
- Division of Biomedical Statistics and Informatics, Department of Health Sciences ResearchMayo ClinicRochesterMNUSA
| | - Gang Chen
- Department of Hepatobiliary SurgeryThe First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical UniversityWenzhouChina
- Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe Hepato‐Pancreatic Diseases of Zhejiang ProvinceThe First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical UniversityWenzhouChina
| | - Yi Wang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health and ManagementWenzhou Medical UniversityWenzhouChina
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26
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Gao X, Tang M, Tian S, Li J, Liu W. A ferroptosis-related gene signature predicts overall survival in patients with lung adenocarcinoma. Future Oncol 2021; 17:1533-1544. [PMID: 33432837 DOI: 10.2217/fon-2020-1113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Aims: To elucidate the association between ferroptosis-related genes and prognosis in patients with lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD). Materials & methods: A ferroptosis-related gene signature was made by lasso regression analysis through the LUAD datasets of the Cancer Genome Atlas. The prognostic value of the multigene signature was externally validated in the GSE72094 dataset from the Gene Expression Omnibus database. Gene ontology and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes analysis were used to explore underlying mechanisms. Results & conclusion: We established a novel ferroptosis-related gene signature for overall survival in LUAD that was predictive in both the training and validation cohorts. Immune-related pathways were significantly enriched, and immune status differed between the high- and low-risk groups. Targeting ferroptosis is a potential therapeutic option in LUAD. These results still need to be confirmed by more studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinliang Gao
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The First Hospital of Jilin University, 71 Xinmin Streat, Changchun, Jilin 130021, PR China
| | - Mingbo Tang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The First Hospital of Jilin University, 71 Xinmin Streat, Changchun, Jilin 130021, PR China
| | - Suyan Tian
- Division of Clinical Research, The First Hospital of Jilin University, 71 Xinmin Streat, Changchun, Jilin 130021, PR China
| | - Jialin Li
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The First Hospital of Jilin University, 71 Xinmin Streat, Changchun, Jilin 130021, PR China
| | - Wei Liu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The First Hospital of Jilin University, 71 Xinmin Streat, Changchun, Jilin 130021, PR China
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27
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Liu Y, Zhang X, Zhang J, Tan J, Li J, Song Z. Development and Validation of a Combined Ferroptosis and Immune Prognostic Classifier for Hepatocellular Carcinoma. Front Cell Dev Biol 2020; 8:596679. [PMID: 33425905 PMCID: PMC7785857 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2020.596679] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2020] [Accepted: 12/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Immunotherapy and sorafenib exert anti-tumor effects via ferroptosis, but reliable biomarkers for the individual treatment and prognosis prediction of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) based on the ferroptosis and immune status remain lacking. Methods Ferroptosis-related genes (FRGs) were identified by downloading data from FerrDb and by searching and reading original articles from PubMed. Immune-related genes (IRGs) were downloaded from ImmPort. Prognostic FRGs and IRGs in the GSE14520 (n = 220) and The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA, n = 365) datasets were identified. Least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) Cox regression and multivariate Cox regression were used for model construction. Ferroptosis expression profiles, the infiltration of immune cells, and the somatic mutation status were analyzed and compared. Results Twenty-seven prognostic ferroptosis- and immune-related signatures were included to construct a comprehensive index of ferroptosis and immune status (CIFI). A subgroup of patients was identified as having a high CIFI value, which was associated with a worse prognosis. This subgroup of patients had significantly up-regulated expressions of many suppressors of ferroptosis and higher fractions of immunosuppressive cells, such as cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) and myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs). Notably, somatic mutation analysis indicated that high-CIFI patients had higher levels of tumor heterogeneity and higher mutation frequencies of genes like TP53. Conclusion In this work, a novel prognostic classifier was developed based on ferroptosis- and IRGs in HCC, and this classifier could be used for prognostic prediction and the selection of patients for immunotherapies and targeted therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Liu
- Department of Pathology, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Xi Zhang
- Department of Oncology, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Junjun Zhang
- Department of Oncology, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Juan Tan
- Department of Pathology, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Jie Li
- Department of Information Science and Engineering, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China
| | - Zewen Song
- Department of Oncology, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
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28
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Yu J, Wang N, Gong Z, Liu L, Yang S, Chen GG, Lai PBS. Cytochrome P450 1A2 overcomes nuclear factor kappa B-mediated sorafenib resistance in hepatocellular carcinoma. Oncogene 2020; 40:492-507. [PMID: 33184472 DOI: 10.1038/s41388-020-01545-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2020] [Revised: 10/09/2020] [Accepted: 10/28/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Sorafenib resistance has become the main obstacle in the effective treatment of advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) patients. Activation of nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) is a newly identified mechanism that contributes to desensitized sorafenib. Cytochrome P450 1A2 (CYP1A2) functions as a tumor suppressor in HCC and its expression is negatively associated with NF-κB in the liver. This study aimed to study whether CYP1A2 could overcome sorafenib resistance. To investigate whether CYP1A2 and NF-κB p65 played roles in sorafenib desensitization, we established sorafenib-resistant (SR) HCC cells. SR cells decreased the expression of CYP1A2 along with the upregulation of NF-κB p65. CYP1A2 overexpression attenuated SR cell proliferation, increased sorafenib sensitivity, and inhibited the NF-κB pathway, whereas CYP1A2 silence showed opposite effects. Sorafenib, in combination with omeprazole, a CYP1A2 inducer, significantly hindered the growth and invasion of SR cells in vitro as well as decreased the tumor growth in vivo. The combination treatment markedly increased CYP1A2 expression and inhibited the sorafenib-induced NF-κB signaling. In addition, the overexpression of NF-κB p65 stimulated the SR cell growth and desensitized sorafenib in SR cells, where CYP1A2 overexpression reversed the phenomenon. Lastly, the majority of HCC tissue samples displayed decreased CYP1A2 but increased NF-κB p65 protein expression. Collectively, CYP1A2 can sensitize SR cells to sorafenib via inhibiting NF-κB p65 axis. Omeprazole in combination with sorafenib exerts a synergistic effect in alleviating acquired sorafenib resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianqing Yu
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Prince of Wales Hospital, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Nuozhou Wang
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Prince of Wales Hospital, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Zhongqin Gong
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Prince of Wales Hospital, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Liping Liu
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreas Surgery, the Second Clinical Medical College of Jinan University (Shenzhen People's Hospital), Shenzhen, 524000, Guangdong, China
| | - Shengli Yang
- Cancer Center, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - George Gong Chen
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Prince of Wales Hospital, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China. .,Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Prince of Walves Hospital, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China. .,Shenzhen Research Institute, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China.
| | - Paul Bo San Lai
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Prince of Wales Hospital, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.
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29
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Li Y, Xia J, Shao F, Zhou Y, Yu J, Wu H, Du J, Ren X. Sorafenib induces mitochondrial dysfunction and exhibits synergistic effect with cysteine depletion by promoting HCC cells ferroptosis. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2020; 534:877-884. [PMID: 33162029 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2020.10.083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2020] [Accepted: 10/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the most common malignant cancers worldwide. The prognosis of HCC remains poor. Currently, sorafenib is the first-line drug for advanced HCC. Although sorafenib's mechanism of action involving several established cancer-related protein kinase targets is well-characterized, the underlying molecular mechanism is still unclear. Here, we found that sorafenib inhibited viability, proliferation, and migration of HCC cells in a dose-dependent manner. Sorafenib treatment of HCC cells destroyed mitochondrial morphology, accompanied by decreased activity of oxidative phosphorylation, collapse of mitochondrial membrane potential, and reduced synthesis of ATP, with consequent cell death due to ferroptosis. Pharmacological utilization of glutathione (GSH) rescued the sorafenib-induced ferroptosis, eliminated the accumulation of cellular mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (ROS), and lipid peroxide. GSH depletion through cysteine deprivation or cysteinase inhibition exacerbated sorafenib-induced ferroptotic cell death and lipid peroxides generation, and enhanced oxidative stress and mitochondrial ROS accumulation. Collectively, these findings indicate that depletion of cysteine acts synergistically with sorafenib and renders HCC cells vulnerable to ferroptosis, presenting the potential value of new therapeutic combinations for advanced HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanchun Li
- The Second Clinical Medical College, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310053, China
| | - Jun Xia
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310014, China
| | - Fangchun Shao
- Department of Respiratory, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310014, China
| | - Yan Zhou
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Guangxin District People's Hospital, Shangrao, Jiangxi, 334100, China
| | - Jiaqi Yu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310014, China
| | - Hengyu Wu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310014, China
| | - Jing Du
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310014, China.
| | - Xueying Ren
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310053, China.
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Wang R, Liu Y, Mi X, Chen Q, Jiang P, Hou J, Lin Y, Li S, Ji B, Fang Y. Sirt3 promotes hepatocellular carcinoma cells sensitivity to regorafenib through the acceleration of mitochondrial dysfunction. Arch Biochem Biophys 2020; 689:108415. [PMID: 32562663 DOI: 10.1016/j.abb.2020.108415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2020] [Revised: 04/15/2020] [Accepted: 05/16/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Regorafenib, a multiple kinase inhibitor, is recently approved for treatment of patients with advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Previous studies demonstrated that regorafenib was a mitochondrial toxicant, which associated with the impairment of mitochondria. Sirt3 is involved in the regulation of mitochondrial function in cancers. This study aimed to investigate the mechanism of Sirt3 involved in the mitochondrial dysfunction which associated with regorafenib treatment in liver cancer cells. We found regorafenib inhibited Sirt3 and p-ERK expression in HCC cells in a dose-dependent manner. Bioinformatics analysis showed that Sirt3 expression was down-regulated in liver cancer tissues and its low expression was correlated with worse overall survival (OS) in liver cancer patients. After transfected with Sirt3 overexpression plasmid, we found that Sirt3 sensitized liver cancer cells to regorafenib and resulted in much more apoptosis with a significant increase of ROS level. However, exogenous antioxidant could not weaken the apoptosis. Mitochondrial membrane potential assay indicated that Sirt3 overexpression accelerated the mitochondrial depolarization process induced by regorafenib and aggravated mitochondrial injury. Cellular oxygen consumption assay showed that mitochondrial dysfunction was caused by the damage of the electron transport chain. The results demonstrated that Sirt3 overexpression promoted the increase of ROS and apoptosis induced by regorafenib through the acceleration of mitochondrial dysfunction by impairing function of the electron transport chain in liver cancer cells. Our studies verified the functional role of Sirt3 in regorafenib treatment and suggested that regorafenib accompanied with Sirt3 activator as a novel treatment strategy for HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruobing Wang
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, the First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, 130021, China
| | - Yahui Liu
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, the First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, 130021, China
| | - Xuguang Mi
- Tumor Biotherapy Center, Jilin Province People's Hospital, Changchun, Jilin, 130021, China; Laboratory Center, the First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, 130021, China
| | - Qingmin Chen
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, the First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, 130021, China
| | - Peiqiang Jiang
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, the First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, 130021, China
| | - Junjie Hou
- Tumor Biotherapy Center, Jilin Province People's Hospital, Changchun, Jilin, 130021, China
| | - Yifan Lin
- Tumor Biotherapy Center, Jilin Province People's Hospital, Changchun, Jilin, 130021, China
| | - Siqi Li
- School of Medical Technology, Beihua University, Jilin, Jilin, 132021, China
| | - Bai Ji
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, the First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, 130021, China.
| | - Yanqiu Fang
- Tumor Biotherapy Center, Jilin Province People's Hospital, Changchun, Jilin, 130021, China.
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Faloppi L, Puzzoni M, Casadei Gardini A, Silvestris N, Masi G, Marisi G, Vivaldi C, Gadaleta CD, Ziranu P, Bianconi M, Loretelli C, Demurtas L, Lai E, Giampieri R, Galizia E, Ulivi P, Battelli N, Falcone A, Cascinu S, Scartozzi M. Angiogenesis Genotyping and Clinical Outcomes in Patients with Advanced Hepatocellular Carcinoma Receiving Sorafenib: The ALICE-2 Study. Target Oncol 2020; 15:115-126. [DOI: 10.1007/s11523-020-00698-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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Directly targeting glutathione peroxidase 4 may be more effective than disrupting glutathione on ferroptosis-based cancer therapy. Biochim Biophys Acta Gen Subj 2020; 1864:129539. [PMID: 31958545 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbagen.2020.129539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2019] [Revised: 01/11/2020] [Accepted: 01/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cancer is one of the major threats to human health and current cancer therapies have been unsuccessful in eradicating it. Ferroptosis is characterized by iron-dependence and lipid hydroperoxides accumulation, and its primary mechanism involves the suppression of system Xc--GSH (glutathione)-GPX4 (glutathione peroxidase 4) axis. Co-incidentally, cancer cells are also metabolically characterized by iron addiction and ROS tolerance, which makes them vulnerable to ferroptosis. This may provide a new tactic for cancer therapy. SCOPE OF REVIEW The general features and mechanisms of ferroptosis, and the basis that makes cancer cells vulnerable to ferroptosis are described. Further, we emphatically discussed that disrupting GSH may not be ideal for triggering ferroptosis of cancer cells in vivo, but directly inhibiting GPX4 and its compensatory members could be more effective. Finally, the various approaches to directly inhibit GPX4 without disturbing GSH were described. MAJOR CONCLUSIONS Targeting system Xc- or GSH may not effectively trigger cancer cells' ferroptosis in vivo the existence of other compensatory pathways. However, directly targeting GPX4 and its compensatory members without disrupting GSH may be more effective to induce ferroptosis in cancer cells in vivo, as GPX4 is essential in preventing ferroptosis. GENERAL SIGNIFICANCE Cancer is a severe threat to human health. Ferroptosis-based cancer therapy strategies are promising, but how to effectively induce ferroptosis in cancer cells in vivo is still a question without clear answers. Thus, the viewpoints raised in this review may provide some references and different perspectives for researchers working on ferroptosis-based cancer therapy.
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Yang PM, Lin LS, Liu TP. Sorafenib Inhibits Ribonucleotide Reductase Regulatory Subunit M2 (RRM2) in Hepatocellular Carcinoma Cells. Biomolecules 2020; 10:biom10010117. [PMID: 31936661 PMCID: PMC7022495 DOI: 10.3390/biom10010117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2019] [Revised: 12/20/2019] [Accepted: 01/07/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The main curative treatments for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) are surgical resection and liver transplantation, which only benefits 15% to 25% of patients. In addition, HCC is highly refractory and resistant to cytotoxic chemotherapy. Although several multi-kinase inhibitors, such as sorafenib, regorafenib, and lenvatinib, have been approved for treating advanced HCC, only a short increase of median overall survival in HCC patients was achieved. Therefore, there is an urgent need to design more effective strategies for advanced HCC patients. Human ribonucleotide reductase is responsible for the conversion of ribonucleoside diphosphate to 2′-deoxyribonucleoside diphosphate to maintain the homeostasis of nucleotide pools. In this study, mining the cancer genomics and proteomics data revealed that ribonucleotide reductase regulatory subunit M2 (RRM2) serves as a prognosis biomarker and a therapeutic target for HCC. The RNA sequencing (RNA-Seq) analysis and public microarray data mining found that RRM2 was a novel molecular target of sorafenib in HCC cells. In vitro experiments validated that sorafenib inhibits RRM2 expression in HCC cells, which is positively associated with the anticancer activity of sorafenib. Although both RRM2 knockdown and sorafenib induced autophagy in HCC cells, restoration of RRM2 expression did not rescue HCC cells from sorafenib-induced autophagy and growth inhibition. However, long-term colony formation assay indicated that RRM2 overexpression partially rescues HCC cells from the cytotoxicity of sorafenib. Therefore, this study identifies that RRM2 is a novel target of sorafenib, partially contributing to its anticancer activity in HCC cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pei-Ming Yang
- Graduate Institute of Cancer Biology and Drug Discovery, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan;
- PhD Program for Cancer Molecular Biology and Drug Discovery, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University and Academia Sinica, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
- TMU Research Center of Cancer Translational Medicine, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
- Cancer Center, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11696, Taiwan
| | - Li-Shan Lin
- Department of Surgery, Mackay Memorial Hospital, Taipei 10449, Taiwan
| | - Tsang-Pai Liu
- Graduate Institute of Cancer Biology and Drug Discovery, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan;
- Department of Surgery, Mackay Memorial Hospital, Taipei 10449, Taiwan
- Mackay Junior College of Medicine, Nursing and Management, New Taipei City 11260, Taiwan
- Department of Medicine, Mackay Medical College, New Taipei City 25245, Taiwan
- Liver Medical Center, Mackay Memorial Hospital, Taipei 10449, Taiwan
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +886-2-2543-3535 (ext. 9)
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Mebendazole augments sensitivity to sorafenib by targeting MAPK and BCL-2 signalling in n-nitrosodiethylamine-induced murine hepatocellular carcinoma. Sci Rep 2019; 9:19095. [PMID: 31836811 PMCID: PMC6911098 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-55666-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2019] [Accepted: 11/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Sorafenib (SO) is a multi-kinase inhibitor that targets upstream signals in the MAPK pathway. Drug resistance and transient survival benefits are the main obstacles associated with SO treatment in Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) patients. Mebendazole (MBZ), an anthelmintic agent, has demonstrated activity against various cancer types. Therefore, we aimed to investigate the possible mechanisms of MBZ other than its anti-tubulin activity. MBZ (100 mg/kg/day, P.O.) was administered to N-nitrosodiethylamine-induced HCC mice as a monotherapeutic agent or in combination with SO. Our results revealed that MBZ decreased AFP levels, improved liver function and histology and increased survival in HCC mice, particularly when administered in combination with SO. MBZ also reduced hepatic inflammation and fibrogenesis as evidenced by reductions in TNF-α and TGF-β1 levels, respectively. Increased hepatic caspases-3 and -9 and decreased BCL-2 levels suggest induced-cell death. In addition, MBZ demonstrated anti-angiogenic, anti-metastatic, and anti-proliferative effects, as indicated by reduced VEGF levels, MMP-2:TIMP-1 ratios, and reduced cyclin D1 levels and Ki67 immunostaining, respectively. Our main finding was that MBZ targeted downstream signal of the MAPK pathway by inhibiting ERK1/2 phosphorylation. Targeting downstream MAPK signalling by MBZ and upstream signalling by SO is a novel approach to minimizing resistance and prolonging survival.
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Shao W, Zhu W, Lin J, Luo M, Lin Z, Lu L, Jia H, Qin L, Lu M, Chen J. Liver X Receptor Agonism Sensitizes a Subset of Hepatocellular Carcinoma to Sorafenib by Dual-Inhibiting MET and EGFR. Neoplasia 2019; 22:1-9. [PMID: 31751859 PMCID: PMC6911865 DOI: 10.1016/j.neo.2019.08.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2019] [Revised: 08/08/2019] [Accepted: 08/12/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Sorafenib is the first approved systemic therapy for advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and is the first-line choice in clinic. Sustained activation of receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs) is associated with low efficacy of sorafenib in HCC. Activation of liver X receptor (LXR) has been reported to inhibit some RTKs. In this study, we found that the LXR agonist enhanced the anti-tumor activity of sorafenib in a subset of HCC cells with high LXR-β/α gene expression ratio. Mechanically, the activation of LXR suppressed sorafenib dependent recruitment of MET and epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) in lipid rafts through cholesterol efflux. Our findings imply that LXR agonist can serve as a potential sensitizer to enhance the anti-tumor effect of sorafenib.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiqing Shao
- Department of General Surgery, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, 12 Urumqi Road (M), Shanghai 200040, China
| | - Wenwei Zhu
- Department of General Surgery, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, 12 Urumqi Road (M), Shanghai 200040, China
| | - Jing Lin
- Department of General Surgery, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, 12 Urumqi Road (M), Shanghai 200040, China
| | - Mengjun Luo
- Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Virology (MOE & MOH), Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, 138 Yi Xue Yuan Road, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Zhifei Lin
- Department of General Surgery, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, 12 Urumqi Road (M), Shanghai 200040, China
| | - Lu Lu
- Department of General Surgery, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, 12 Urumqi Road (M), Shanghai 200040, China
| | - Huliang Jia
- Department of General Surgery, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, 12 Urumqi Road (M), Shanghai 200040, China
| | - Lunxiu Qin
- Department of General Surgery, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, 12 Urumqi Road (M), Shanghai 200040, China; Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, 138 Yi Xue Yuan Road, Shanghai 200032, China.
| | - Ming Lu
- Department of General Surgery, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, 12 Urumqi Road (M), Shanghai 200040, China.
| | - Jinhong Chen
- Department of General Surgery, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, 12 Urumqi Road (M), Shanghai 200040, China.
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Lai Y, Zhang Z, Li J, Li W, Huang Z, Zhang C, Li X, Zhao J. STYK1/NOK correlates with ferroptosis in non-small cell lung carcinoma. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2019; 519:659-666. [PMID: 31542233 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2019.09.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2019] [Accepted: 09/09/2019] [Indexed: 02/09/2023]
Abstract
Serine Threonine Tyrosine Kinase 1 (STYK1) presents oncogenic properties in many studies, and emerging evidence suggests that ferroptosis serve as a novel tumor suppressor. However, the interplay between STYK1 and ferroptosis in NSCLC remains unclear. Our aim is to illustrate the expression of ferroptotic regulator Glutathione peroxidase 4 (GPX4) in NSCLC and the relationship between STYK1 and ferroptosis. Herein, results based on ONCOMINE database, clinical specimens, and cellular manipulation revealed GPX4 was upregulated in NSCLC tissues and cell lines, and high GPX4 expression predicted worse prognosis. High STYK1 expression predicted worse OS and was related to high GPX4 in NSCLC tissues; overexpression of STYK1 in lung cancer cell line SW900 upregulated the expression of GPX4, promoted proliferation, and attenuated diverse mitochondrial abnormalities specific to ferroptosis, whereas knockdown of GPX4 exacerbated such attenuations without affecting cell proliferation. Taken together, ferroptosis as an anti-tumor factor is inhibited in NSCLC, and targeting ferroptosis could be a novel therapeutic strategy for the management of NSCLC; furthermore, regulating ferroptosis could be another cancerous mechanism of STYK1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanyang Lai
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Tangdu Hospital, Air Force Medical University of PLA, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, PR China
| | - Zhipei Zhang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Tangdu Hospital, Air Force Medical University of PLA, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, PR China
| | - Jianzhong Li
- Division of Thoracic Surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiao Tong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, PR China
| | - Weimiao Li
- Department of Oncology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiao Tong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, PR China
| | - Zhao Huang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Tangdu Hospital, Air Force Medical University of PLA, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, PR China
| | - Chenxi Zhang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Tangdu Hospital, Air Force Medical University of PLA, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, PR China
| | - Xiaofei Li
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Tangdu Hospital, Air Force Medical University of PLA, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, PR China.
| | - Jinbo Zhao
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Tangdu Hospital, Air Force Medical University of PLA, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, PR China.
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Liu T, Liu W, Zhang M, Yu W, Gao F, Li C, Wang SB, Feng J, Zhang XZ. Ferrous-Supply-Regeneration Nanoengineering for Cancer-Cell-Specific Ferroptosis in Combination with Imaging-Guided Photodynamic Therapy. ACS NANO 2018; 12:12181-12192. [PMID: 30458111 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.8b05860] [Citation(s) in RCA: 329] [Impact Index Per Article: 54.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Non-apoptotic ferroptosis is of clinical importance because it offers a solution to the inevitable biocarriers of traditional apoptotic therapeutic means. Inspired by industrial electro-Fenton technology featured with electrochemical iron cycling, we construct ferrous-supply-regeneration nanoengineering to intervene tumorous iron metabolism for enhanced ferroptosis. Fe3+ ion and naturally derived tannic acid (TA) spontaneously form a network-like corona onto sorafenib (SRF) nanocores. The formed SRF@FeIIITA nanoparticles can respond to a lysosomal acid environment with corona dissociation, permitting SRF release to inhibit GPX4 enzyme for ferroptosis initiation. TA is arranged to chemically reduce the liberated and the ferroptosis-generated Fe3+ to Fe2+, offering iron redox cycling to, thus, effectively produce lipid peroxide required in ferroptosis. Sustained Fe2+ supply leads to long-term cytotoxicity, which is identified to be specific to H2O2-overloaded cancer cells but minimal in normal cells. SRF@FeIIITA-mediated cell death proves to follow the ferroptosis pathway and strongly inhibits tumor proliferation. Moreover, SRF@FeIIITA provides a powerful platform capable of versatile integration between apoptosis and non-apoptosis means. Typically, photosensitizer-adsorbed SRF@FeIIITA demonstrates rapid tumor imaging owing to the acid-responsive fluorescence recovery. Together with ferroptosis, imaging-guided photodynamic therapy induces complete tumor elimination. This study offers ideas about how to advance anticancer ferroptosis through rational material design.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Liu
- Key Laboratory of Biomedical Polymers of Ministry of Education & Department of Chemistry , Wuhan University , Wuhan 430072 , PR China
| | - Wenlong Liu
- Key Laboratory of Biomedical Polymers of Ministry of Education & Department of Chemistry , Wuhan University , Wuhan 430072 , PR China
| | - Mingkang Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Biomedical Polymers of Ministry of Education & Department of Chemistry , Wuhan University , Wuhan 430072 , PR China
| | - Wuyang Yu
- Key Laboratory of Biomedical Polymers of Ministry of Education & Department of Chemistry , Wuhan University , Wuhan 430072 , PR China
| | - Fan Gao
- Key Laboratory of Biomedical Polymers of Ministry of Education & Department of Chemistry , Wuhan University , Wuhan 430072 , PR China
| | - Chuxin Li
- Key Laboratory of Biomedical Polymers of Ministry of Education & Department of Chemistry , Wuhan University , Wuhan 430072 , PR China
| | - Shi-Bo Wang
- Key Laboratory of Biomedical Polymers of Ministry of Education & Department of Chemistry , Wuhan University , Wuhan 430072 , PR China
| | - Jun Feng
- Key Laboratory of Biomedical Polymers of Ministry of Education & Department of Chemistry , Wuhan University , Wuhan 430072 , PR China
| | - Xian-Zheng Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Biomedical Polymers of Ministry of Education & Department of Chemistry , Wuhan University , Wuhan 430072 , PR China
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Nie J, Lin B, Zhou M, Wu L, Zheng T. Role of ferroptosis in hepatocellular carcinoma. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol 2018; 144:2329-2337. [PMID: 30167889 DOI: 10.1007/s00432-018-2740-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 149] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2018] [Accepted: 08/16/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a complicated disease with low survival rate due to frequent recurrence and the lack of efficient therapies. For advanced HCC, sorafenib, as the only approved first-line drug for HCC, improves the survival to some extent, but depressingly with severe adverse effects and emerging resistance conditions, which cause a poor prognosis. Ferroptosis is a new recognized way of non-apoptosis-regulated cell death, characterized by the iron-dependent accumulation of lipid hydroperoxides, showing a tremendous promising in the therapy of cancer, especially in HCC. To provide ideas for the diagnosis and treatment of HCC, we summarized the role of ferroptosis in HCC. METHODS The relevant literature from PubMed is reviewed in this article. RESULTS Interestingly enough, investigators have found sorafenib can induce ferroptosis in HCC. Moreover, recent researches reported increasing pathways and mechanisms related to ferroptosis in HCC such as TP53 and Rb, and strategies to improve sorafenib resistance by targeting ferroptosis. In addition, other drugs were reported to induce ferroptosis in HCC such as erastin and showed good efficacy in vivo and in vitro. CONCLUSION In this review, we summarize pathways and mechanisms of ferroptosis in HCC and other digestive system neoplasms such as gastric cancer, pancreatic cancer and colorectal cancer and point out the trends of ferroptosis in HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianhua Nie
- Department of Gastrointestinal Medical Oncology, Cancer Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150040, Heilongjiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Binlin Lin
- Department of Gastrointestinal Medical Oncology, Cancer Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150040, Heilongjiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Meng Zhou
- Department of Gastrointestinal Medical Oncology, Cancer Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150040, Heilongjiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Li Wu
- Department of Gastrointestinal Medical Oncology, Cancer Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150040, Heilongjiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Tongsen Zheng
- Department of Gastrointestinal Medical Oncology, Cancer Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150040, Heilongjiang, People's Republic of China. .,Department of Pharmacology (The State-Province Key Laboratories of Biomedicine-Pharmaceutics of China, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Research, Ministry of Education), Harbin Medical University, Harbin, People's Republic of China.
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Tutusaus A, Stefanovic M, Boix L, Cucarull B, Zamora A, Blasco L, de Frutos PG, Reig M, Fernandez-Checa JC, Marí M, Colell A, Bruix J, Morales A. Antiapoptotic BCL-2 proteins determine sorafenib/regorafenib resistance and BH3-mimetic efficacy in hepatocellular carcinoma. Oncotarget 2018; 9:16701-16717. [PMID: 29682179 PMCID: PMC5908280 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.24673] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2017] [Accepted: 02/26/2018] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Sorafenib, systemic treatment for advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), and regorafenib, novel second line treatment after sorafenib failure, have efficacy limited by evasive mechanisms of acquired-drug resistance. BCL-2 proteins participate in the response to tyrosine kinase inhibitors; however, their role in HCC therapy with sorafenib/regorafenib remains uncertain. BH3-mimetic ABT-263 (navitoclax) enhanced sorafenib activity, inducing cell death via a mitochondrial caspase-dependent mechanism, after BCL-xL/BCL-2 inhibition. Sorafenib-resistant hepatoma cells (HepG2R and Hep3BR) exhibited altered mRNA expression of BCL-2 and other anti-apoptotic family members, such as MCL-1, priming drug-resistant cancer cells to death by BH3-mimetics. ABT-263 restored sorafenib efficacy in sorafenib-resistant cell lines and HCC mouse models. Moreover, in mice xenografts from patient-derived BCLC9 cells, better tumor response to sorafenib was associated to higher changes in the BCL-2 mRNA pattern. HCC non-treated patients displayed altered BCL-2, MCL-1 and BCL-xL mRNA levels respect to adjacent non-tumoral biopsies and an increased BCL-2/MCL-1 ratio, predictive of navitoclax efficacy. Moreover, regorafenib administration also modified the BCL-2/MCL-1 ratio and navitoclax sensitized hepatoma cells to regorafenib by a mitochondrial caspase-dependent mechanism. In conclusion, sorafenib/regorafenib response is determined by BCL-2 proteins, while increased BCL-2/MCL-1 ratio in HCC sensitizes drug resistant-tumors against ABT-263 co-administration. Thus, changes in the BCL-2 profile, altered in HCC patients, could help to follow-up sorafenib efficacy, allowing patient selection for combined therapy with BH3-mimetics or early switch them to second line therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Tutusaus
- Department of Cell Death and Proliferation, IIBB-CSIC, IDIBAPS, Barcelona, Spain
- Departament de Biomedicina, Facultat de Medicina, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Milica Stefanovic
- Department of Cell Death and Proliferation, IIBB-CSIC, IDIBAPS, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Loreto Boix
- Barcelona Clinic Liver Cancer Group, Liver Unit, Hospital Clínic of Barcelona, University of Barcelona, CIBEREHD, IDIBAPS, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Blanca Cucarull
- Department of Cell Death and Proliferation, IIBB-CSIC, IDIBAPS, Barcelona, Spain
- Departament de Biomedicina, Facultat de Medicina, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Aynara Zamora
- Department of Cell Death and Proliferation, IIBB-CSIC, IDIBAPS, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Laura Blasco
- Department of Cell Death and Proliferation, IIBB-CSIC, IDIBAPS, Barcelona, Spain
| | | | - Maria Reig
- Barcelona Clinic Liver Cancer Group, Liver Unit, Hospital Clínic of Barcelona, University of Barcelona, CIBEREHD, IDIBAPS, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Jose C. Fernandez-Checa
- Department of Cell Death and Proliferation, IIBB-CSIC, IDIBAPS, Barcelona, Spain
- Liver Unit, Hospital Clinic, CIBEREHD, Barcelona, Spain
- Research Center for Alcoholic Liver and Pancreatic Diseases, Keck School of Medicine of the University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Montserrat Marí
- Department of Cell Death and Proliferation, IIBB-CSIC, IDIBAPS, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Anna Colell
- Department of Cell Death and Proliferation, IIBB-CSIC, IDIBAPS, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Jordi Bruix
- Barcelona Clinic Liver Cancer Group, Liver Unit, Hospital Clínic of Barcelona, University of Barcelona, CIBEREHD, IDIBAPS, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Albert Morales
- Department of Cell Death and Proliferation, IIBB-CSIC, IDIBAPS, Barcelona, Spain
- Barcelona Clinic Liver Cancer Group, Liver Unit, Hospital Clínic of Barcelona, University of Barcelona, CIBEREHD, IDIBAPS, Barcelona, Spain
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Zheng M, Xu H, Liao XH, Chen CP, Zhang AL, Lu W, Wang L, Yang D, Wang J, Liu H, Zhou XZ, Lu KP. Inhibition of the prolyl isomerase Pin1 enhances the ability of sorafenib to induce cell death and inhibit tumor growth in hepatocellular carcinoma. Oncotarget 2018; 8:29771-29784. [PMID: 28404959 PMCID: PMC5444702 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.15967] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2016] [Accepted: 01/24/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the sixth most common cancer, but is the second leading cause of cancer deaths, partially due to its heterogeneity and drug resistance. Sorafenib is the only medical treatment with a proven efficacy against advanced HCC, but its overall clinical efficacy is still modest. Therefore, a major challenge is how to improve its therapeutic efficacy. The unique prolyl isomerase Pin1 regulates numerous cancer-driving pathways. Notably, Pin1 is overexpressed in about 70% HBV-positive HCC patients and contributes to HCC tumorigenesis. However, the role of Pin1 in the efficacy of sorafenib against HCC is unknown. Here we found that sorafenib down-regulated Pin1 mRNA and protein expression, likely through inhibition of Pin1 transcription by the Rb/E2F pathway. Importantly, Pin1 knockdown potently enhanced the ability of sorafenib to induce cell death in HCC, which was further supported by the findings that Pin1 knockdown led to stabilization of Fbxw7 and destabilization of Mcl-1. Furthermore, all-trans retinoic acid (ATRA), a known anticancer drug that inhibits and ultimately induces degradation of active Pin1 in cancer cells, also potently sensitized HCC cells to sorafenib-induced cell death at least in part through a caspase-dependent manner. Moreover, ATRA also synergistically enhanced the ability of sorafenib to reduce Pin1 and inhibit tumor growth of HCC in mouse xenograft models. Collectively, these results not only demonstrate that Pin1 down-regulation is a key event underlying the anti-tumor effects of sorafenib, but also uncover that Pin1 inhibitors offer a novel approach to enhance the therapeutic efficacy of sorafenib against HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Zheng
- Fujian Key Laboratory for Translational Research in Cancer and Neurodegenerative Diseases, Institute for Translational Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350108, China.,Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Gastrointestinal Cancer, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350108, China
| | - Huijuan Xu
- Fujian Key Laboratory for Translational Research in Cancer and Neurodegenerative Diseases, Institute for Translational Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350108, China.,Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Gastrointestinal Cancer, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350108, China
| | - Xin-Hua Liao
- Fujian Key Laboratory for Translational Research in Cancer and Neurodegenerative Diseases, Institute for Translational Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350108, China.,Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Gastrointestinal Cancer, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350108, China
| | - Champ Peng Chen
- Fujian Key Laboratory for Translational Research in Cancer and Neurodegenerative Diseases, Institute for Translational Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350108, China.,Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Gastrointestinal Cancer, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350108, China
| | - Arina Li Zhang
- Fujian Key Laboratory for Translational Research in Cancer and Neurodegenerative Diseases, Institute for Translational Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350108, China.,Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Gastrointestinal Cancer, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350108, China
| | - Wenxian Lu
- Fujian Key Laboratory for Translational Research in Cancer and Neurodegenerative Diseases, Institute for Translational Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350108, China.,Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Gastrointestinal Cancer, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350108, China
| | - Long Wang
- Fujian Key Laboratory for Translational Research in Cancer and Neurodegenerative Diseases, Institute for Translational Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350108, China.,Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Gastrointestinal Cancer, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350108, China
| | - Dayun Yang
- Fujian Key Laboratory for Translational Research in Cancer and Neurodegenerative Diseases, Institute for Translational Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350108, China.,Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Gastrointestinal Cancer, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350108, China
| | - Jichuang Wang
- Fujian Key Laboratory for Translational Research in Cancer and Neurodegenerative Diseases, Institute for Translational Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350108, China.,Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Gastrointestinal Cancer, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350108, China
| | - Hekun Liu
- Fujian Key Laboratory for Translational Research in Cancer and Neurodegenerative Diseases, Institute for Translational Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350108, China.,Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Gastrointestinal Cancer, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350108, China
| | - Xiao Zhen Zhou
- Fujian Key Laboratory for Translational Research in Cancer and Neurodegenerative Diseases, Institute for Translational Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350108, China.,Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Gastrointestinal Cancer, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350108, China.,Division of Translational Therapeutics, Department of Medicine and Cancer Research Institute, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02215, USA
| | - Kun Ping Lu
- Fujian Key Laboratory for Translational Research in Cancer and Neurodegenerative Diseases, Institute for Translational Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350108, China.,Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Gastrointestinal Cancer, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350108, China.,Division of Translational Therapeutics, Department of Medicine and Cancer Research Institute, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02215, USA
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Lu B, Chen XB, Ying MD, He QJ, Cao J, Yang B. The Role of Ferroptosis in Cancer Development and Treatment Response. Front Pharmacol 2018; 8:992. [PMID: 29375387 PMCID: PMC5770584 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2017.00992] [Citation(s) in RCA: 283] [Impact Index Per Article: 47.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2017] [Accepted: 12/22/2017] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Ferroptosis is a process driven by accumulated iron-dependent lipid ROS that leads to cell death, which is a distinct regulated cell death comparing to other cell death. The lethal metabolic imbalance resulted from GSH depletion or inactivation of glutathione peroxidase 4 is the executor of ferroptosis within the cancer cell. Small molecules-induced ferroptosis has a strong inhibition of tumor growth and enhances the sensitivity of chemotherapeutic drugs, especially in the condition of drug resistance. These evidences have highlighted the importance of ferroptosis in cancer therapeutics, but the roles of ferroptosis in tumorigenesis and development remain unclear. This article provides an overview of the mechanisms of ferroptosis, highlights the role of ferroptosis in cancer and discusses strategies for therapeutic modulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Lu
- Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Anti-Cancer Drug Research, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiao Bing Chen
- Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Anti-Cancer Drug Research, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Mei Dan Ying
- Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Anti-Cancer Drug Research, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Qiao Jun He
- Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Anti-Cancer Drug Research, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Ji Cao
- Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Anti-Cancer Drug Research, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Bo Yang
- Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Anti-Cancer Drug Research, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
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Protein biosynthesis, a target of sorafenib, interferes with the unfolded protein response (UPR) and ferroptosis in hepatocellular carcinoma cells. Oncotarget 2018; 9:8400-8414. [PMID: 29492203 PMCID: PMC5823558 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.23843] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2017] [Accepted: 11/16/2017] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Sorafenib is the first line treatment for advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). We explored its impact on the proteostasis of cancer cells, i.e. the processes that regulate the synthesis, maturation and turn-over of cellular proteins. We observed that sorafenib inhibits the production of the tumour marker alpha-foetoprotein (AFP) in two different HCC cell lines, an effect that correlated with a radical inhibition of protein biosynthesis. This effect was observed at clinically relevant concentrations of sorafenib and was not related to the effect of sorafenib on the transport of amino acids across the plasma membrane or the induction of the unfolded protein response (UPR). Instead, we observed that sorafenib inhibits translation initiation and the mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR) signaling cascade, as shown by the analysis of phosphorylation levels of the protein 4EBP1 (eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4E binding protein 1). We explored the consequences of this inhibition in HCC cells. We observed that overall sorafenib is a weak inducer of the UPR that can paradoxically prevent the UPR induced by tunicamycin. We also found no direct synergistic anticancer effect between sorafenib and various strategies that inhibit the UPR. In agreement with the possibility that translation inhibition might be an adaptive stress response in HCC cells, we noted that it protects cancer cell from ferroptosis, a form of oxidative necrosis. Our findings point to the modulation of protein biosynthesis and mTOR signaling as being important, yet complex determinants of the response of HCC cells to sorafenib.
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Wu J, Lu Y, Qin A, Qiao Z, Jiang X. Overexpression of RAB34 correlates with poor prognosis and tumor progression in hepatocellular carcinoma. Oncol Rep 2017; 38:2967-2974. [PMID: 29048615 DOI: 10.3892/or.2017.5957] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2017] [Accepted: 08/22/2017] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
RAB34, a protein belonging to the RAB family, is involved in protein transport, repositioning of lysosomes and activation of micropinocytosis. However, few studies have reported its function in human epithelial cancers. Immunohistochemistry (IHC) and western blotting were used to detect expression of RAB34 at the tissue and cell levels. Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8), EDU assay and flow cytometry were used for analyzing cell proliferation. Transwell and scratch wound healing assays were used for assessing cell migration ability. Western blotting was used for detecting expression of E-cadherin and N-cadherin. In the present study, we found that both DNA copy and protein level of RAB34 were upregulating in human hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) tissues when compared with that in adjacent tissues. Analysis of the correlation between RAB34 expression and clinicopathological features showed that patients with overexpression of RAB34 consistently had large tumor size, vessel invasion and poor tumor grade. Furthermore, overall survival analysis showed that patients with upregulated expression of RAB34 were associated with poor prognosis. Moreover, cell function experiments showed that suppression of RAB34 led to a lower proliferation rate and migration ability. In addition, this phenomenon may be attributed to cell cycle phase G1 arrest and mesenchymal-epithelial transition under condition of RAB34 suppression. The present study demonstrated that RAB34 plays an important role in the initiation and progression of HCC. Our results suggest a new therapeutic target for the clinical treatment of HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianwu Wu
- Department of General Surgery, Nanjing Medical University, Affiliated Suzhou Hospital, Gusu, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215000, P.R. China
| | - Yijie Lu
- Department of General Surgery, Nanjing Medical University, Affiliated Suzhou Hospital, Gusu, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215000, P.R. China
| | - Ancheng Qin
- Department of General Surgery, Nanjing Medical University, Affiliated Suzhou Hospital, Gusu, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215000, P.R. China
| | - Zhiming Qiao
- Department of General Surgery, Nanjing Medical University, Affiliated Suzhou Hospital, Gusu, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215000, P.R. China
| | - Xinwei Jiang
- Department of General Surgery, Nanjing Medical University, Affiliated Suzhou Hospital, Gusu, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215000, P.R. China
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Saidak Z, Giacobbi AS, Louandre C, Sauzay C, Mammeri Y, Galmiche A. Mathematical modelling unveils the essential role of cellular phosphatases in the inhibition of RAF-MEK-ERK signalling by sorafenib in hepatocellular carcinoma cells. Cancer Lett 2017; 392:1-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2017.01.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2016] [Revised: 01/18/2017] [Accepted: 01/25/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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46
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Cheng CC, Chao WT, Liao CC, Tseng YH, Lai YCC, Lai YS, Hsu YH, Liu YH. Plectin deficiency in liver cancer cells promotes cell migration and sensitivity to sorafenib treatment. Cell Adh Migr 2017; 12:19-27. [PMID: 28276928 PMCID: PMC5810502 DOI: 10.1080/19336918.2017.1288789] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Plectin involved in activation of kinases in cell signaling pathway and plays important role in cell morphology and migration. Plectin knockdown promotes cell migration by activating focal adhesion kinase and Rac1-GTPase activity in liver cells. Sorafenib is a multi-targeting tyrosine kinase inhibitor that improves patient survival on hepatocellular carcinoma. The aim of this study is to investigate the correlation between the expression of plectin and cell migration as well as the sensitivity of hepatoma cell lines exposing to sorafenib. Hepatoma cell lines PLC/PRF/5 and HepG2 were used to examine the level of plectin expression and cell migration in comparison with Chang liver cell line. In addition, sensitivity of the 3 cell lines to sorafenib treatment was also measured. Expression of plectin was lower in PLC/PRF/5 and HepG2 hepatoma cells than that of Chang liver cells whereas HepG2 and PLC/PRF/5 cells exhibit higher rate of cell migration in trans-well migration assay. Immunohistofluorecent staining on E-cadherin revealed the highest rate of collective cell migration in HepG2 cells and the lowest was found in Chang liver cells. Likewise, HepG2 cell line was most sensitive to sorafenib treatment and Chang liver cells exhibited the least sensitivity. The drug sensitivity to sorafenib treatment showed inverse correlation with the expression of plectin. We suggest that plectin deficiency and increased E-cadherin in hepatoma cells were associated with higher rates of cell motility, collective cell migration as well as higher drug sensitivity to sorafenib treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiung-Chi Cheng
- a Department of Pathology , Chang Bing Show Chwan Memorial Hospital , Lugang Town , Taiwan ; Center for General Education, Providence University , Taichung City , Taiwan
| | - Wei-Ting Chao
- b Department of Life Science , Tunghai University , Taichung City , Taiwan
| | - Chen-Chun Liao
- b Department of Life Science , Tunghai University , Taichung City , Taiwan
| | - Yu-Hui Tseng
- b Department of Life Science , Tunghai University , Taichung City , Taiwan
| | - Yen-Chang Clark Lai
- c Department of Pathology , Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital , Kaohsiung City , Taiwan
| | - Yih-Shyong Lai
- d Department of Pathology , Chang Bing Show Chwan Memorial Hospital , Lugang Town , Taiwan
| | - Yung-Hsiang Hsu
- e Department of Pathology , Tzu Chi University Hualien City , Taiwan
| | - Yi-Hsiang Liu
- f Department of Pathology , Chang Bing Show Chwan Memorial Hospital , Lugang Town , Taiwan ; Department of Pathology , Show Chwan Memorial Hospital , Changhua City , Taiwan , Department of Pathology , Tzu Chi University , Hualien City , Taiwan
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47
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Long F, Dong C, Jiang K, Xu Y, Chi X, Sun D, Liang R, Gao Z, Shao S, Wang L. Melatonin enhances the anti-tumor effect of sorafenib via AKT/p27-mediated cell cycle arrest in hepatocarcinoma cell lines. RSC Adv 2017. [DOI: 10.1039/c7ra02113e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Proposed model elucidating the role of MT in regulating the proliferation of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cells treated with sorafenib.
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48
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Yu H, Guo P, Xie X, Wang Y, Chen G. Ferroptosis, a new form of cell death, and its relationships with tumourous diseases. J Cell Mol Med 2016; 21:648-657. [PMID: 27860262 PMCID: PMC5345622 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.13008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 439] [Impact Index Per Article: 54.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2016] [Accepted: 09/08/2016] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Ferroptosis is a newly discovered type of cell death that differs from traditional apoptosis and necrosis and results from iron‐dependent lipid peroxide accumulation. Ferroptotic cell death is characterized by cytological changes, including cell volume shrinkage and increased mitochondrial membrane density. Ferroptosis can be induced by two classes of small‐molecule substances known as class 1 (system Xc− inhibitors) and class 2 ferroptosis inducers [glutathione peroxidase 4 (GPx4) inhibitors]. In addition to these small‐molecule substances, a number of drugs (e.g. sorafenib, artemisinin and its derivatives) can induce ferroptosis. Various factors, such as the mevalonate (MVA) and sulphur‐transfer pathways, play pivotal roles in the regulation of ferroptosis. Ferroptosis plays an unneglectable role in regulating the growth and proliferation of some types of tumour cells, such as lymphocytoma, ductal cell cancer of the pancreas, renal cell carcinoma (RCC) and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Here, we will first introduce the discovery of and research pertaining to ferroptosis; then summarize the induction mechanisms and regulatory pathways of ferroptosis; and finally, further elucidate the roles of ferroptosis in human tumourous diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haitao Yu
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Pengyi Guo
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Xiaozai Xie
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Yi Wang
- Environmental and Public Health School of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Gang Chen
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
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49
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Sun X, Niu X, Chen R, He W, Chen D, Kang R, Tang D. Metallothionein-1G facilitates sorafenib resistance through inhibition of ferroptosis. Hepatology 2016; 64:488-500. [PMID: 27015352 PMCID: PMC4956496 DOI: 10.1002/hep.28574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 457] [Impact Index Per Article: 57.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2016] [Revised: 03/09/2016] [Accepted: 03/21/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a major cause of cancer-related death worldwide and currently has the fastest rising incidence of all cancers. Sorafenib was originally identified as an inhibitor of multiple oncogenic kinases and remains the only approved systemic therapy for advanced HCC. However, acquired resistance to sorafenib has been found in HCC patients, which results in poor prognosis. Here, we show that metallothionein (MT)-1G is a critical regulator and promising therapeutic target of sorafenib resistance in human HCC cells. The expression of MT-1G messenger RNA and protein is remarkably induced by sorafenib but not other clinically relevant kinase inhibitors (e.g., erlotinib, gefitinib, tivantinib, vemurafenib, selumetinib, imatinib, masitinib, and ponatinib). Activation of the transcription factor nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2, but not p53 and hypoxia-inducible factor 1-alpha, is essential for induction of MT-1G expression following sorafenib treatment. Importantly, genetic and pharmacological inhibition of MT-1G enhances the anticancer activity of sorafenib in vitro and in tumor xenograft models. The molecular mechanisms underlying the action of MT-1G in sorafenib resistance involve the inhibition of ferroptosis, a novel form of regulated cell death. Knockdown of MT-1G by RNA interference increases glutathione depletion and lipid peroxidation, which contributes to sorafenib-induced ferroptosis. CONCLUSION These findings demonstrate a novel molecular mechanism of sorafenib resistance and suggest that MT-1G is a new regulator of ferroptosis in HCC cells. (Hepatology 2016;64:488-500).
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaofang Sun
- The Center for DAMP Biology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510510, China
| | - Xiaohua Niu
- The Center for DAMP Biology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510510, China
| | - Ruochan Chen
- Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, USA
| | - Wenyin He
- The Center for DAMP Biology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510510, China
| | - De Chen
- The Center for DAMP Biology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510510, China
| | - Rui Kang
- Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, USA
| | - Daolin Tang
- Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, USA,Correspondence to: Daolin Tang ()
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Diederich M, Cerella C. Non-canonical programmed cell death mechanisms triggered by natural compounds. Semin Cancer Biol 2016; 40-41:4-34. [PMID: 27262793 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcancer.2016.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2015] [Revised: 05/31/2016] [Accepted: 06/01/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Natural compounds are the fundament of pharmacological treatments and more than 50% of all anticancer drugs are of natural origins or at least derived from scaffolds present in Nature. Over the last 25 years, molecular mechanisms triggered by natural anticancer compounds were investigated. Emerging research showed that molecules of natural origins are useful for both preventive and therapeutic purposes by targeting essential hallmarks and enabling characteristics described by Hanahan and Weinberg. Moreover, natural compounds were able to change the differentiation status of selected cell types. One of the earliest response of cells treated by pharmacologically active compounds is the change of its morphology leading to ultra-structural perturbations: changes in membrane composition, cytoskeleton integrity, alterations of the endoplasmic reticulum, mitochondria and of the nucleus lead to formation of morphological alterations that are a characteristic of both compound and cancer type preceding cell death. Apoptosis and autophagy were traditionally considered as the most prominent cell death or cell death-related mechanisms. By now multiple other cell death modalities were described and most likely involved in response to chemotherapeutic treatment. It can be hypothesized that especially necrosis-related phenotypes triggered by various treatments or evolving from apoptotic or autophagic mechanisms, provide a more efficient therapeutic outcome depending on cancer type and genetic phenotype of the patient. In fact, the recent discovery of multiple regulated forms of necrosis and the initial elucidation of the corresponding cell signaling pathways appear nowadays as important tools to clarify the immunogenic potential of non-canonical forms of cell death induction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marc Diederich
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-742, South Korea.
| | - Claudia Cerella
- Laboratoire de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire du Cancer, Hôpital Kirchberg, 9, rue Edward Steichen, L-2540 Luxembourg, Luxembourg
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