1
|
Long Z, Zuo Y, Li R, Le Y, Dong Y, Yan L. Design, synthesis and biological evaluation of 4-arylamino-pyrimidine derivatives as focal adhesion kinase inhibitors. Bioorg Chem 2023; 140:106792. [PMID: 37633129 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2023.106792] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2023] [Revised: 07/28/2023] [Accepted: 08/14/2023] [Indexed: 08/28/2023]
Abstract
A novel series of 4-arylamino-pyrimidine derivatives were designed and synthesized as focal adhesion kinase (FAK) inhibitors under the strategy of structure-based drug design. Most compounds performed excellent anti-proliferative activity against U87-MG cells. Especially, compounds 8d and 9b revealed the highest activity with IC50 values of 0.975 μM and 1.033 μM, which was much potent than the positive control TAE-226 (IC50 = 2.659 μM). On the other hand, the total 27 compounds exhibited low inhibition against human normal 2BS cells. Moreover, compounds 8d and 9b showed outstanding activity against FAK with IC50 values of 0.2438 nM and 0.2691 nM, which was very close to TAE-226 (IC50 = 0.1390 nM). Further studies proved that compounds 8d and 9b could induce U87-MG cell early apoptosis and arrest the cell at G2/M phase. The action mechanism indicated that they could significantly inhibit U87-MG cell clone formation, cell migration, and FAK phosphorylation. Molecular docking and molecular dynamics simulation investigations suggested that compounds 8d and 9b could firmly occupy the ATP binding site of FAK. These findings supported the further researches of compounds 8d and 9b as FAK inhibitors for antitumor drug discovery.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhiwu Long
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Yaqing Zuo
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Rongrong Li
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Yi Le
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China; Guizhou Engineering Laboratory for Synthetic Drugs, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Yawen Dong
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China; National Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide, Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering, Ministry of Education, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Longjia Yan
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China; Guizhou Engineering Laboratory for Synthetic Drugs, Guiyang 550025, China.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Spallarossa A, Tasso B, Russo E, Villa C, Brullo C. The Development of FAK Inhibitors: A Five-Year Update. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23126381. [PMID: 35742823 PMCID: PMC9223874 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23126381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2022] [Revised: 06/02/2022] [Accepted: 06/04/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Focal adhesion kinase (FAK) is a non-receptor tyrosine kinase over-expressed in different solid cancers. In recent years, FAK has been recognized as a new target for the development of antitumor agents, useful to contrast tumor development and metastasis formation. To date, studies on the role of FAK and FAK inhibitors are of great interest for both pharmaceutical companies and academia. This review is focused on compounds able to block FAK with different potencies and with different mechanisms of action, that have appeared in the literature since 2017. Furthermore, new emerging PROTAC molecules have appeared in the literature. This summary could improve knowledge of new FAK inhibitors and provide information for future investigations, in particular, from a medicinal chemistry point of view.
Collapse
|
3
|
Krinochkin AP, Shtaitz YK, Rammohan A, Butorin II, Savchuk MI, Khalymbadzha I, Kopchuk DS, Slepukhin PA, Melekhin VV, Shcheglova AV, Zyryanov GV, Chupakhin ON. 1H‐Pyrazole‐appended pyridines and their 1,2,4‐triazine precursors: a rational synthesis and in silico and in vitro evaluation of anti‐cancer activity. European J Org Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.202200227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Alexey P. Krinochkin
- Ural Federal University named after the first President of Russia B N Yeltsin: Ural'skij federal'nyj universitet imeni pervogo Prezidenta Rossii B N El'cina Organic and Biomolecular Chemistry RUSSIAN FEDERATION
| | - Yaroslav K. Shtaitz
- Ural Federal University named after the first President of Russia B N Yeltsin: Ural'skij federal'nyj universitet imeni pervogo Prezidenta Rossii B N El'cina Organic and Biomolecular Chemistry RUSSIAN FEDERATION
| | - Aluru Rammohan
- Ural Federal University named after the first President of Russia B N Yeltsin: Ural'skij federal'nyj universitet imeni pervogo Prezidenta Rossii B N El'cina Organic and Biomolecular Chemistry RUSSIAN FEDERATION
| | - Ilya I. Butorin
- Ural Federal University named after the first President of Russia B N Yeltsin: Ural'skij federal'nyj universitet imeni pervogo Prezidenta Rossii B N El'cina Organic and Biomolecular Chemistry RUSSIAN FEDERATION
| | - Maria I. Savchuk
- Ural Federal University named after the first President of Russia B N Yeltsin: Ural'skij federal'nyj universitet imeni pervogo Prezidenta Rossii B N El'cina Organic and Biomolecular Chemistry RUSSIAN FEDERATION
| | - Igor Khalymbadzha
- Ural Federal University Chemical Technology Mira 28 620002 Yekaterinburg RUSSIAN FEDERATION
| | - Dmitry S. Kopchuk
- Ural Federal University named after the first President of Russia B N Yeltsin: Ural'skij federal'nyj universitet imeni pervogo Prezidenta Rossii B N El'cina Organic and Biomolecular Chemistry RUSSIAN FEDERATION
| | - Pavel A. Slepukhin
- Ural Federal University named after the first President of Russia B N Yeltsin: Ural'skij federal'nyj universitet imeni pervogo Prezidenta Rossii B N El'cina Organic and Biomolecular Chemistry RUSSIAN FEDERATION
| | - Vsevolod V. Melekhin
- Ural Federal University named after the first President of Russia B N Yeltsin: Ural'skij federal'nyj universitet imeni pervogo Prezidenta Rossii B N El'cina Organic and Biomolecular Chemistry RUSSIAN FEDERATION
| | - Anna V. Shcheglova
- Ural Federal University named after the first President of Russia B N Yeltsin: Ural'skij federal'nyj universitet imeni pervogo Prezidenta Rossii B N El'cina Organic and Biomolecular Chemistry RUSSIAN FEDERATION
| | - Grigory V. Zyryanov
- Ural Federal University named after the first President of Russia B N Yeltsin: Ural'skij federal'nyj universitet imeni pervogo Prezidenta Rossii B N El'cina Organic and Biomolecular Chemistry RUSSIAN FEDERATION
| | - Oleg N. Chupakhin
- Ural Federal University named after the first President of Russia B N Yeltsin: Ural'skij federal'nyj universitet imeni pervogo Prezidenta Rossii B N El'cina Organic and Biomolecular Chemistry RUSSIAN FEDERATION
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Design, synthesis and biological evaluation of novel FAK inhibitors with better selectivity over IR than TAE226. Bioorg Chem 2022; 124:105790. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2022.105790] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2022] [Revised: 02/27/2022] [Accepted: 04/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
|
5
|
Chen T, Liu Y, Shi M, Tang M, Si W, Yuan X, Wen Y, Chen L. Design, synthesis, and biological evaluation of novel covalent inhibitors targeting focal adhesion kinase. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2021; 54:128433. [PMID: 34757216 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2021.128433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2021] [Revised: 10/19/2021] [Accepted: 10/22/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Forty-one new focal adhesion kinase (FAK) covalent inhibitors were designed and synthesized based on FAK inhibitor TAE226. Compound 11w displayed the highest inhibition of FAK with an IC50 value of 35 nM and exhibited potent anticancer activity against Hela, HCT116 and MDA-MB-231 cell lines with IC50 values of 0.41, 0.01 and 0.11 μM respectively, compared to TAE226 (2.68, 0.64 and 4.19 μM respectively). 11w also inhibited the clone formation and migration of HCT-116 cells and stimulated cell cycle arrest in the G2/M phase, inducing tumor cell apoptosis. Compound 11w formed a covalent bond with the Cys427 residue of FAK in a docking model, inhibiting the autophosphorylation of FAK and downstream proteins in a dose-dependent manner. Moreover, 11w showed adequate oral bioavailability of 21.02%. A 74.20% inhibition of tumor growth in the HCT116 xenograft model was also observed. These data indicate that 11w is a promising covalent inhibitor of FAK.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tao Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University and Collaborative Innovation Center, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - Yan Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University and Collaborative Innovation Center, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - Mingsong Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University and Collaborative Innovation Center, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - Minghai Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University and Collaborative Innovation Center, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - Wenting Si
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University and Collaborative Innovation Center, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - Xue Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University and Collaborative Innovation Center, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - Yi Wen
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University and Collaborative Innovation Center, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - Lijuan Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University and Collaborative Innovation Center, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Quispe PA, Lavecchia MJ, León IE. Focal adhesion kinase inhibitors in the treatment of solid tumors: Preclinical and clinical evidence. Drug Discov Today 2021; 27:664-674. [PMID: 34856395 DOI: 10.1016/j.drudis.2021.11.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2021] [Revised: 08/21/2021] [Accepted: 11/23/2021] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Focal Adhesion Kinase (FAK) is a 125-kDa cytoplasmic protein kinase that is implicated in several cellular functions. This protein is an attractive molecular target for cancer therapy because a wide variety of studies have demonstrated associations between the activation or elevated expression of FAK and tumor progression, invasion, and drug resistance in malignant tumors. Here, we review the strategies used to inhibit FAK activity in solid tumors. We also include an overview of the preclinical (in vitro and in vivo) and clinical studies on FAK inhibitors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Patricia A Quispe
- Centro de Química Inorgánica (CEQUINOR, CONICET-UNLP), Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, Bv 120 1465, 1900 La Plata, Argentina
| | - Martin J Lavecchia
- Centro de Química Inorgánica (CEQUINOR, CONICET-UNLP), Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, Bv 120 1465, 1900 La Plata, Argentina.
| | - Ignacio E León
- Centro de Química Inorgánica (CEQUINOR, CONICET-UNLP), Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, Bv 120 1465, 1900 La Plata, Argentina.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
FAK inhibitors as promising anticancer targets: present and future directions. Future Med Chem 2021; 13:1559-1590. [PMID: 34340532 DOI: 10.4155/fmc-2021-0015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
FAK, a nonreceptor tyrosine kinase, has been recognized as a novel target class for the development of targeted anticancer agents. Overexpression of FAK is a common occurrence in several solid tumors, in which the kinase has been implicated in promoting metastases. Consequently, designing and developing potent FAK inhibitors is becoming an attractive goal, and FAK inhibitors are being recognized as a promising tool in our armamentarium for treating diverse cancers. This review comprehensively summarizes the different classes of synthetically derived compounds that have been reported as potent FAK inhibitors in the last three decades. Finally, the future of FAK-targeting smart drugs that are designed to slow down the emergence of drug resistance is discussed.
Collapse
|
8
|
Brullo C, Tasso B. New Insights on Fak and Fak Inhibitors. Curr Med Chem 2021; 28:3318-3338. [PMID: 33143618 DOI: 10.2174/0929867327666201103162239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2020] [Revised: 09/08/2020] [Accepted: 09/19/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Focal adhesion kinase (Fak) is a cytoplasmic protein tyrosine kinase overexpressed and activated in different solid cancers; it has shown an important role in metastasis formation, cell migration, invasion and angiogenesis and consequently it has been proposed as a potential target in cancer therapy, particularly in a metastatic phase. In recent years, different investigations have highlighted the importance of new Fak inhibitors as potential anti-cancer drugs, but other studies evidenced its role in different pathologies related to the cardiac function or viral infection. METHODS An extensive bibliographic research (104 references) has been done concerning the structure of Fak, its importance in tumor development, but also in other pathologies currently under study. The compounds currently subjected to clinical studies were therefore treated using the appropriate databases. Finally, the main chemical scaffolds currently under preclinical investigation were analyzed, focusing on their molecular structures and on the activity structure relationships (SAR). RESULTS At the moment, only a few reversible ATP-competitive inhibitors are under investigation in pre-clinical studies and clinical trials. Other compounds, with different chemical scaffolds, are investigated to obtain more active and selective Fak inhibitors. This mini-review is a summary of different Fak functions in cancer and other pathologies; the compounds today in clinical trials and the recent chemical scaffolds (also included in patents) giving the most interesting results are investigated. In addition, PROTAC molecules are reported. CONCLUSION All reported results evidenced that additional studies are necessary to design and synthesize new selective and more active compounds, although promising information has been obtained from associations between Fak inhibitors and other different anti- cancer drugs. In addition, the other important roles evidenced, both at the nuclear level and in non-cancerous cells, make this protein an increasingly important target in pharmaceutical chemistry.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chiara Brullo
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Genova, Viale Benedetto XV, 3-I16132 Genova, Italy
| | - Bruno Tasso
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Genova, Viale Benedetto XV, 3-I16132 Genova, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Laszlo V, Valko Z, Ozsvar J, Kovacs I, Garay T, Hoda MA, Klikovits T, Stockhammer P, Aigner C, Gröger M, Klepetko W, Berger W, Grusch M, Tovari J, Waizenegger IC, Dome B, Hegedus B. The FAK inhibitor BI 853520 inhibits spheroid formation and orthotopic tumor growth in malignant pleural mesothelioma. J Mol Med (Berl) 2019; 97:231-242. [PMID: 30539198 PMCID: PMC6348072 DOI: 10.1007/s00109-018-1725-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2018] [Revised: 11/16/2018] [Accepted: 11/19/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
No tyrosine kinase inhibitors are approved for malignant pleural mesothelioma (MPM). Preclinical studies identified focal adhesion kinase (FAK) as a target in MPM. Accordingly, we assessed the novel, highly selective FAK inhibitor (BI 853520) in 2D and 3D cultures and in vivo. IC50 values were measured by adherent cell viability assay. Cell migration and 3D growth were quantified by video microscopy and spheroid formation, respectively. Phosphorylation of FAK, Akt, S6, and Erk was measured by immunoblot. The mRNA expression of the putative tumor stem cell markers SOX2, Nanog, CD44, ALDH1, c-myc, and Oct4 was analyzed by qPCR. Cell proliferation, apoptosis, and tumor tissue microvessel density (MVD) were investigated in orthotopic MPM xenografts. In all 12 MPM cell lines, IC50 exceeded 5 μM and loss of NF2 did not correlate with sensitivity. No synergism was found with cisplatin in adherent cells. BI 853520 decreased migration in 3 out of 4 cell lines. FAK phosphorylation was reduced upon treatment but activation of Erk, Akt, or S6 remained unaffected. Nevertheless, BI 853520 inhibited spheroid growth and significantly reduced tumor weight, cell proliferation, and MVD in vivo. BI 853520 has limited effect in adherent cultures but demonstrates potent activity in spheroids and in orthotopic tumors in vivo. Based on our findings, further studies are warranted to explore the clinical utility of BI 853520 in human MPM. KEY MESSAGES: Response to FAK inhibition in MPM is independent of NF2 expression or histotype. FAK inhibition strongly interfered with MPM spheroid formation. BI 853520 has been shown to exert anti-tumor effect in MPM.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Viktoria Laszlo
- Division of Thoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical University of Vienna, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, A-1090, Vienna, Austria
- Department of Biomedical Imaging and Image-guided Therapy, Division of Molecular and Gender Imaging, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Zsuzsanna Valko
- Division of Thoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical University of Vienna, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, A-1090, Vienna, Austria
- Department of Tumor Biology, National Korányi Institute of Pulmonology, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Judit Ozsvar
- Division of Thoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical University of Vienna, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, A-1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Ildiko Kovacs
- Department of Tumor Biology, National Korányi Institute of Pulmonology, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Tamas Garay
- 2nd Department of Pathology, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Mir Alireza Hoda
- Division of Thoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical University of Vienna, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, A-1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Thomas Klikovits
- Division of Thoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical University of Vienna, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, A-1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Paul Stockhammer
- Division of Thoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical University of Vienna, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, A-1090, Vienna, Austria
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Ruhrlandklinik, University Clinic Essen, University Duisburg-Essen, Tüschener Weg 40, 45239, Essen, Germany
| | - Clemens Aigner
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Ruhrlandklinik, University Clinic Essen, University Duisburg-Essen, Tüschener Weg 40, 45239, Essen, Germany
| | - Marion Gröger
- Core Facility Imaging, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Walter Klepetko
- Division of Thoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical University of Vienna, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, A-1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Walter Berger
- Institute of Cancer Research and Comprehensive Cancer Center, Department of Medicine I, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Michael Grusch
- Institute of Cancer Research and Comprehensive Cancer Center, Department of Medicine I, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Jozsef Tovari
- Department of Experimental Pharmacology, National Institute of Oncology, Budapest, Hungary
- KINETO Lab Ltd, Budapest, Hungary
| | | | - Balazs Dome
- Division of Thoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical University of Vienna, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, A-1090, Vienna, Austria.
- Department of Tumor Biology, National Korányi Institute of Pulmonology, Budapest, Hungary.
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, National Institute of Oncology-Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary.
| | - Balazs Hegedus
- Division of Thoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical University of Vienna, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, A-1090, Vienna, Austria.
- 2nd Department of Pathology, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary.
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Ruhrlandklinik, University Clinic Essen, University Duisburg-Essen, Tüschener Weg 40, 45239, Essen, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Yen-Pon E, Li B, Acebrón-Garcia-de-Eulate M, Tomkiewicz-Raulet C, Dawson J, Lietha D, Frame MC, Coumoul X, Garbay C, Etheve-Quelquejeu M, Chen H. Structure-Based Design, Synthesis, and Characterization of the First Irreversible Inhibitor of Focal Adhesion Kinase. ACS Chem Biol 2018; 13:2067-2073. [PMID: 29897729 DOI: 10.1021/acschembio.8b00250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Focal Adhesion Kinase signaling pathway and its functions have been involved in the development and aggressiveness of tumor malignancy, it then presents a promising cancer therapeutic target. Several reversible FAK inhibitors have been developed and are being conducted in clinical trials. On the other hand, irreversible covalent inhibitors would bring many desirable pharmacological features including high potency and increased duration of action. Herein we report the structure-guided development of the first highly potent and irreversible inhibitor of the FAK kinase. This inhibitor showed a very potent decrease of autophosphorylation of FAK in squamous cell carcinoma. A cocrystal structure of the FAK kinase domain in complex with this compound revealed the inhibitor binding mode within the ATP binding site and confirmed the covalent linkage between the targeted Cys427 of the protein and the inhibitor.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Expédite Yen-Pon
- Chemistry of RNA, Nucleosides, Peptides and Heterocycles, CNRS UMR8601, Université Paris Descartes, PRES Sorbonne Paris Cité, UFR Biomédicale, 45 rue des Saints-Pères, 75270 Paris Cedex 06, France
| | - Bo Li
- Chemistry of RNA, Nucleosides, Peptides and Heterocycles, CNRS UMR8601, Université Paris Descartes, PRES Sorbonne Paris Cité, UFR Biomédicale, 45 rue des Saints-Pères, 75270 Paris Cedex 06, France
| | - Marta Acebrón-Garcia-de-Eulate
- Cell Signalling and Adhesion Group, Structural Biology Programme, Spanish National Cancer Research Centre (CNIO), Calle Melchor Fernández Almagro 3, Madrid 28029, Spain
| | - Céline Tomkiewicz-Raulet
- Toxicologie, Pharmacologie et Signalisation Cellulaire, INSERM, UMR S 1124, Université Paris Descartes, PRES Sorbonne Paris Cité, UFR Biomédicale, 45 rue des Saints-Pères, 75270 Paris Cedex 06, France
| | - John Dawson
- Edinburgh Cancer Research UK Centre, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH4 2XR, United Kingdom
| | - Daniel Lietha
- Cell Signalling and Adhesion Group, Structural Biology Programme, Spanish National Cancer Research Centre (CNIO), Calle Melchor Fernández Almagro 3, Madrid 28029, Spain
| | - Margaret C. Frame
- Edinburgh Cancer Research UK Centre, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH4 2XR, United Kingdom
| | - Xavier Coumoul
- Toxicologie, Pharmacologie et Signalisation Cellulaire, INSERM, UMR S 1124, Université Paris Descartes, PRES Sorbonne Paris Cité, UFR Biomédicale, 45 rue des Saints-Pères, 75270 Paris Cedex 06, France
| | - Christiane Garbay
- Chemistry of RNA, Nucleosides, Peptides and Heterocycles, CNRS UMR8601, Université Paris Descartes, PRES Sorbonne Paris Cité, UFR Biomédicale, 45 rue des Saints-Pères, 75270 Paris Cedex 06, France
| | - Mélanie Etheve-Quelquejeu
- Chemistry of RNA, Nucleosides, Peptides and Heterocycles, CNRS UMR8601, Université Paris Descartes, PRES Sorbonne Paris Cité, UFR Biomédicale, 45 rue des Saints-Pères, 75270 Paris Cedex 06, France
| | - Huixiong Chen
- Chemistry of RNA, Nucleosides, Peptides and Heterocycles, CNRS UMR8601, Université Paris Descartes, PRES Sorbonne Paris Cité, UFR Biomédicale, 45 rue des Saints-Pères, 75270 Paris Cedex 06, France
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Cao Y, Cao J, Yu B, Wang S, Liu L, Tao L, Sun W. Berbamine induces SMMC-7721 cell apoptosis via upregulating p53, downregulating survivin expression and activating mitochondria signaling pathway. Exp Ther Med 2017; 15:1894-1901. [PMID: 29434780 PMCID: PMC5776608 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2017.5637] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2017] [Accepted: 11/22/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a primary malignancy in the liver, which is a global health problem. The present study aimed to observe the apoptotic effects of berbamine on SMMC-7721 cell lines and to investigate the effects of berbamine on induction of the intrinsic apoptotic pathway. The human HCC SMMC-7721 cells were cultured and cell morphology observed using a phase contrast microscope. SMMC-7721 cell apoptosis was examined by employing a flow cytometry assay. The nuclei of SMMC-7721 cells were stained with DAPI and observed by utilizing a laser fluorescence microscope. Cytochrome c (Cyto c) levels were evaluated by using immunofluorescence staining. The reverse transcription-semi-quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-sqPCR) and western blot analysis were used to examine the mRNA and protein levels of B-cell lymphoma 2, (Bcl-2), Bax, Bcl-2-associated X, apoptosis regulator, p53 and survivin, respectively. Berbamine inhibited SMMC-7721 cell growth at 20 and 0 µmol/l, compared with control group (0 µmol/l berbamine). DAPI results demonstrated that berbamine affected the nucleus morphology of SMMC-7721 cells. Berbamine at a concentration of 20 µmol/l (P<0.05) and 40 µmol/l (P<0.01) significantly enhanced apoptosis rate compared with control group. Berbamine triggered Cyto c release from SMMC-7721 cell nuclei to the cytoplasm. Berbamine (10, 20, 40 µmol/l) significantly enhanced Bax and p53 levels and decreased Bcl-2 and survivin levels compared with control group, according to RT-sqPCR and western blot assay findings. In conclusion, berbamine induced SMMC-7721 cell apoptosis, through upregulating p53 expression and downregulating survivin expression, which further triggered mitochondria signaling pathway-mediated apoptosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ying Cao
- Department of Pharmacy, Zhangjiagang Hospital Affiliated to Soochow University, Zhangjiagang, Jiangsu 215600, P.R. China
| | - Jianbo Cao
- Department of Pharmacy, Zhangjiagang Hospital Affiliated to Soochow University, Zhangjiagang, Jiangsu 215600, P.R. China
| | - Binbin Yu
- Department of Pharmacy, Zhangjiagang Hospital Affiliated to Soochow University, Zhangjiagang, Jiangsu 215600, P.R. China
| | - Shusheng Wang
- Department of Surgery, Zhangjiagang Hospital Affiliated to Soochow University, Zhangjiagang, Jiangsu 215600, P.R. China
| | - Lili Liu
- Department of Pharmacy, Zhangjiagang Hospital Affiliated to Soochow University, Zhangjiagang, Jiangsu 215600, P.R. China
| | - Li Tao
- Department of Pharmacy, Zhangjiagang Hospital Affiliated to Soochow University, Zhangjiagang, Jiangsu 215600, P.R. China
| | - Wanping Sun
- Laboratory of Molecular Diagnostics, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Zhang Z, Jiang T, Wang W, Piao D. Efficacy and safety of regorafenib for advanced gastrointestinal stromal tumor after failure with imatinib and sunitinib treatment: A meta-analysis. Medicine (Baltimore) 2017; 96:e8698. [PMID: 29310342 PMCID: PMC5728743 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000008698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
AIMS This meta-analysis aimed to evaluate the safety and efficacy of regorafenib as a treatment for patients with advanced (metastatic and/or unresectable) gastrointestinal stromal tumor (AGIST) after developing resistance to imatinib and sunitinib. METHODS A literature search of databases such as PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane library was conducted up to February 2017. The pooled percentages and the corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated using the Stata 11.0 software. RESULTS Four studies involving 243 patients with AGIST were included. Results revealed that approximately 49% (95% CI 30-67), 14% (95% CI 5-23), and 41% (95% CI 21-61) of patients with AGIST showed clinical benefit (including complete response), partial response, and stable disease, respectively, after regorafenib treatment, which was given after failure with imatinib and sunitinib treatments. No complete response was found in the included studies. Pooled progression-free survival was 6.58 months (95% CI 4.62-8.54). Hypertension (20%; 95% CI 7-33), hand-foot skin reaction (22%; 95% CI 17-27), and hypophosphatemia (18%; 95% CI 5-41) were common grade ≥3 regorafenib-related adverse events in patients treated with regorafenib after failure with imatinib and sunitinib treatments. CONCLUSIONS Forty-nine per cent of patients with AGIST benefited after regorafenib treatment after the development of resistance to imatinib and sunitinib. More studies should be performed to improve the clinical survival of patients with AGIST. Close monitoring and appropriate management of grade ≥3 regorafenib-related adverse events should be considered during treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhenan Zhang
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University
| | - Tao Jiang
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University
| | - Wensheng Wang
- Thoracic Surgery, Harbin Children's Hospital, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - Daxun Piao
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Deng Y, Jiang C, Li C, Li T, Peng M, Wang J, Dai K. 3D printed scaffolds of calcium silicate-doped β-TCP synergize with co-cultured endothelial and stromal cells to promote vascularization and bone formation. Sci Rep 2017; 7:5588. [PMID: 28717129 PMCID: PMC5514115 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-05196-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2017] [Accepted: 05/25/2017] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Synthetic bone scaffolds have potential application in repairing large bone defects, however, inefficient vascularization after implantation remains the major issue of graft failure. Herein, porous β-tricalcium phosphate (β-TCP) scaffolds with calcium silicate (CS) were 3D printed, and pre-seeded with co-cultured human umbilical cord vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) and human bone marrow stromal cells (hBMSCs) to construct tissue engineering scaffolds with accelerated vascularization and better bone formation. Results showed that in vitro β-TCP scaffolds doped with 5% CS (5%CS/β-TCP) were biocompatible, and stimulated angiogenesis and osteogenesis. The results also showed that 5%CS/β-TCP scaffolds not only stimulated co-cultured cells angiogenesis on Matrigel, but also stimulated co-cultured cells to form microcapillary-like structures on scaffolds, and promoted migration of BMSCs by stimulating co-cultured cells to secrete PDGF-BB and CXCL12 into the surrounding environment. Moreover, 5%CS/β-TCP scaffolds enhanced vascularization and osteoinduction in comparison with β-TCP, and synergized with co-cultured cells to further increase early vessel formation, which was accompanied by earlier and better ectopic bone formation when implanted subcutaneously in nude mice. Thus, our findings suggest that porous 5%CS/β-TCP scaffolds seeded with co-cultured cells provide new strategy for accelerating tissue engineering scaffolds vascularization and osteogenesis, and show potential as treatment for large bone defects.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Deng
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Orthopaedic Implants, Department of Orthopaedics, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200011, China.,Med-X Research Institute, School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200030, China
| | - Chuan Jiang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510120, China
| | - Cuidi Li
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Orthopaedic Implants, Department of Orthopaedics, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200011, China.,Med-X Research Institute, School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200030, China
| | - Tao Li
- Med-X Research Institute, School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200030, China
| | - Mingzheng Peng
- Med-X Research Institute, School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200030, China
| | - Jinwu Wang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Orthopaedic Implants, Department of Orthopaedics, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200011, China. .,Med-X Research Institute, School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200030, China.
| | - Kerong Dai
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Orthopaedic Implants, Department of Orthopaedics, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200011, China. .,Med-X Research Institute, School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200030, China.
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Cheng P, Li J, Wang J, Zhang X, Zhai H. Investigations of FAK inhibitors: a combination of 3D-QSAR, docking, and molecular dynamics simulations studies. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2017; 36:1529-1549. [PMID: 28490269 DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2017.1329095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Focal adhesion kinase (FAK) is one kind of tyrosine kinases that modulates integrin and growth factor signaling pathways, which is a promising therapeutic target because of involving in cancer cell migration, proliferation, and survival. To investigate the mechanism between FAK and triazinic inhibitors and design high activity inhibitors, a molecular modeling integrated with 3D-QSAR, molecular docking, molecular dynamics simulations, and binding free energy calculations was performed. The optimum CoMFA and CoMSIA models showed good reliability and satisfactory predictability (with Q2 = 0.663, R2 = 0.987, [Formula: see text] = 0.921 and Q2 = 0.670, R2 = 0.981, [Formula: see text] = 0.953). Its contour maps could provide structural features to improve inhibitory activity. Furthermore, a good consistency between contour maps, docking, and molecular dynamics simulations strongly demonstrates that the molecular modeling is reliable. Based on it, we designed several new compounds and their inhibitory activities were validated by the molecular models. We expect our studies could bring new ideas to promote the development of novel inhibitors with higher inhibitory activity for FAK.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Peng Cheng
- a College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering , Lanzhou University , No.222, Tianshui Road (South), Lanzhou , Gansu , 730000 , People's Republic of China
| | - Jiaojiao Li
- a College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering , Lanzhou University , No.222, Tianshui Road (South), Lanzhou , Gansu , 730000 , People's Republic of China
| | - Juan Wang
- a College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering , Lanzhou University , No.222, Tianshui Road (South), Lanzhou , Gansu , 730000 , People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoyun Zhang
- a College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering , Lanzhou University , No.222, Tianshui Road (South), Lanzhou , Gansu , 730000 , People's Republic of China
| | - Honglin Zhai
- a College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering , Lanzhou University , No.222, Tianshui Road (South), Lanzhou , Gansu , 730000 , People's Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Dao P, Lietha D, Etheve-Quelquejeu M, Garbay C, Chen H. Synthesis of novel 1,2,4-triazine scaffold as FAK inhibitors with antitumor activity. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2017; 27:1727-1730. [PMID: 28284808 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2017.02.072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2017] [Revised: 02/25/2017] [Accepted: 02/27/2017] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
A series of 1,3,5-triazinic inhibitors of focal adhesion kinase (FAK) has recently been shown to exert antiangiogenic activity against HUVEC cells and anticancer efficacy against several cancer cell lines. In this report, we designed and synthesized a series of new compounds containing a 1,2,4-triazine core as novel scaffold for FAK inhibitors. These compounds displayed 10-7M IC50 values, and the best one showed IC50 value of 0.23μM against FAK enzymatic activity. Among them, several inhibitors potently inhibited the proliferation of glioblastoma (U-87MG) and colon (HCT-116) cancer cell lines. Docking of compound 10 into the active site of the FAK kinase was performed to explore its potential binding mode.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pascal Dao
- CNRS UMR8601, Université Paris Descartes, PRES Sorbonne Paris Cité, UFR Biomédicale, 45 rue des Saints-Pères, 75270 Paris Cedex 06, France
| | - Daniel Lietha
- Cell Signalling and Adhesion Group, Structural Biology and Biocomputing Programme, Spanish National Cancer Research Centre (CNIO), Calle Melchor Fernández Almagro 3, Madrid 28029, Spain
| | - Mélanie Etheve-Quelquejeu
- CNRS UMR8601, Université Paris Descartes, PRES Sorbonne Paris Cité, UFR Biomédicale, 45 rue des Saints-Pères, 75270 Paris Cedex 06, France
| | - Christiane Garbay
- CNRS UMR8601, Université Paris Descartes, PRES Sorbonne Paris Cité, UFR Biomédicale, 45 rue des Saints-Pères, 75270 Paris Cedex 06, France
| | - Huixiong Chen
- CNRS UMR8601, Université Paris Descartes, PRES Sorbonne Paris Cité, UFR Biomédicale, 45 rue des Saints-Pères, 75270 Paris Cedex 06, France.
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Zhan JY, Zhang JL, Wang Y, Li Y, Zhang HX, Zheng QC. Exploring the interaction between human focal adhesion kinase and inhibitors: a molecular dynamic simulation and free energy calculations. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2016; 34:2351-66. [PMID: 26549408 DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2015.1115780] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Focal adhesion kinase is an important target for the treatment of many kinds of cancers. Inhibitors of FAK are proposed to be the anticancer agents for multiple tumors. The interaction characteristic between FAK and its inhibitors is crucial to develop new inhibitors. In the present article, we used Molecular Dynamic (MD) simulation method to explore the characteristic of interaction between FAK and three inhibitors (PHM16, TAE226, and ligand3). The MD simulation results together with MM-GB/SA calculations show that the combinations are enthalpy-driven process. Cys502 and Asp564 are both essential residues due to the hydrogen bond interactions with inhibitors, which was in good agreement with experimental data. Glu500 can form a non-classical hydrogen bond with each inhibitor. Arg426 can form electrostatic interactions with PHM16 and ligand3, while weaker with TAE226. The electronic static potential was employed, and we found that the ortho-position methoxy of TAE226 has a weaker negative charge than the meta-position one in PHM16 or ligand3. Ile428, Val436, Ala452, Val484, Leu501, Glu505, Glu506, Leu553, Gly563 Leu567, Ser568 are all crucial residues in hydrophobic interactions. The key residues in this work will be available for further inhibitor design of FAK and also give assistance to further research of cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jiu-Yu Zhan
- a State Key Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry , Jilin University , Changchun 130023 , P.R. China
| | - Ji-Long Zhang
- a State Key Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry , Jilin University , Changchun 130023 , P.R. China
| | - Yan Wang
- a State Key Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry , Jilin University , Changchun 130023 , P.R. China
| | - Ye Li
- c Changchun Institute of Biological Products Co. Ltd , Changchun 130012 , P.R. China
| | - Hong-Xing Zhang
- a State Key Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry , Jilin University , Changchun 130023 , P.R. China
| | - Qing-Chuan Zheng
- a State Key Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry , Jilin University , Changchun 130023 , P.R. China.,b Key Laboratory for Molecular Enzymology and Engineering of the Ministry of Education , Jilin University , Changchun 130023 , P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Dao P, Smith N, Scott-Algara D, Garbay C, Herbeuval J, Chen H. Restoration of TRAIL-induced apoptosis in resistant human pancreatic cancer cells by a novel FAK inhibitor, PH11. Cancer Lett 2015; 360:48-59. [DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2015.02.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2014] [Revised: 01/13/2015] [Accepted: 02/03/2015] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
|
18
|
Li F, Liang X, Chen Y, Li S, Liu J. Role of microRNA-93 in regulation of angiogenesis. Tumour Biol 2014; 35:10609-13. [PMID: 25217985 DOI: 10.1007/s13277-014-2605-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2014] [Accepted: 09/04/2014] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Angiogenesis is essential for a wide variety of physiological and pathological processes. To date, many angiogenic microRNAs (miRNAs) have been identified and several of them were further investigated to elucidate the mechanisms of specific miRNAs in regulating angiogenesis. In recent studies concerning tumor and ischemia, the miRNA-93 had been demonstrated to be able to modulate angiogenesis in different molecular pathways. The miRNA-93 can promote angiogenesis via enhancing endothelial cell proliferation, migration, and tube formation. Additionally, miRNA-93-over-expressing cells developed a relationship with the blood vessels allowing tumor cells to survive and to grow well. However, high expression of miRNA-93 can depress the vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) secretion and its downstream molecular targets in in vivo and vitro experiments. MiRNA-93's effects on angiogenesis are dependent on the interaction of other multiple genes and signal pathways, such as P21, E2F1, integrin-β8, LATS2, etc. Future investigation should involve mapping the network by which miRNA-93 exerts its functions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fangxuan Li
- Department of Cancer Prevention Center, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin, China
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
19
|
Dao P, Smith N, Tomkiewicz-Raulet C, Yen-Pon E, Camacho-Artacho M, Lietha D, Herbeuval JP, Coumoul X, Garbay C, Chen H. Design, synthesis, and evaluation of novel imidazo[1,2-a][1,3,5]triazines and their derivatives as focal adhesion kinase inhibitors with antitumor activity. J Med Chem 2014; 58:237-51. [PMID: 25180654 DOI: 10.1021/jm500784e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
A series of triazinic inhibitors of focal adhesion kinase (FAK) have been recently shown to exert antiangiogenic activity against HUVEC cells and anticancer efficacy against several cancer cell lines. We report herein that we further explored the heterocyclic core of these inhibitors by a fused imidazole ring with the triazine to provide imidazo[1,2-a][1,3,5]triazines. Importantly, these new compounds displayed 10(-7)-10(-8) M IC50 values, and the best inhibitor showed IC50 value of 50 nM against FAK enzymatic activity. Several inhibitors potently inhibited the proliferation of a panel of cancer cell lines expressing high levels of FAK. Apoptosis analysis in U87-MG and HCT-116 cell lines suggested that these compounds delayed cell cycle progression by arresting cells in the G2/M phase of the cell cycle, retarding cell growth. Further investigation demonstrated that these compounds strongly inhibited cell-matrix adhesion, migration, and invasion of U87-MG cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pascal Dao
- Chemistry & Biology, Nucleo(s)tides & Immunology for Therapy (CBNIT), CNRS UMR8601, Université Paris Descartes, PRES Sorbonne Paris Cité, UFR Biomédicale , 45 rue des Saints-Pères, 75270 Cedex 06 Paris, France
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|