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Tang Z, Zhang D, Yao C, Jiang M, Wang C, Chen Z, Yu H, Xue C, Liu Y, Shi Y, Zhang L, Wang X, Wei Z. TIPE2 inhibits the migration and invasion of epithelial ovarian cancer cells by targeting Smad2 to reverse TGF-β1-induced EMT. FASEB J 2024; 38:e70045. [PMID: 39259551 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202401427r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2024] [Revised: 08/19/2024] [Accepted: 08/29/2024] [Indexed: 09/13/2024]
Abstract
Epithelial ovarian cancer is the deadliest gynecologic malignancy, characterized by high metastasis. Transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1) drives epithelial- mesenchymal transformation (EMT), a key process in tumor metastasis. Tumor necrosis factor-α-induced protein 8 (TNFAIP8)-like 2 (TIPE2) acts as a negative regulator of innate and adaptive immunity and involves in various cancers. However, its relationship with TGF-β1 in ovarian cancer and its role in reversing TGF-β1-induced EMT remain unclear. This study examined TIPE2 mRNA and protein expression using quantitative RT-PCR (qRT-PCR), western blot and immunohistochemistry. The effects of TIPE2 overexpression and knockdown on the proliferation, migration and invasion of epithelial ovarian cancer cells were assessed through 5-ethynyl-2-deoxyuridine, colony-forming, transwell migration and invasion assays. The relationship between TIPE2 and TGF-β1 was investigated using qRT-PCR and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, while the interaction between TIPE2 and Smad2 was identified via co-immunoprecipitation. The results revealed that TIPE2 protein was significantly down-regulated in epithelial ovarian cancer tissues and correlated with the pathological type of tumor, patients' age, tumor differentiation degree and FIGO stage. TIPE2 and TGF-β1 appeared to play an opposite role to each other during the progression of human ovarian cancer cells. Furthermore, TIPE2 inhibited the metastasis and EMT of ovarian cancer cells by combining with Smad2 in vitro or in an intraperitoneal metastasis model. Consequently, these findings suggest that TIPE2 plays a crucial inhibitory role in ovarian cancer metastasis by modulating the TGF-β1/Smad2/EMT signaling pathway and may serve as a potential target for ovarian cancer, providing important direction for future diagnostic and therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhongyun Tang
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, P.R. China
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Jinan Central Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, P.R. China
| | - Derui Zhang
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, P.R. China
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Jinan Third People's Hospital, Jinan, Shandong, P.R. China
| | - Chenchen Yao
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, P.R. China
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Jinan Central Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, P.R. China
| | - Mengmeng Jiang
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, P.R. China
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, P.R. China
| | - Chongli Wang
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, P.R. China
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, P.R. China
| | - Zhen Chen
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, P.R. China
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, P.R. China
| | - Huayun Yu
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Jinan Central Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, P.R. China
| | - Chenyue Xue
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Jinan Central Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, P.R. China
| | - Yuqiu Liu
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, P.R. China
| | - Yongyu Shi
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, P.R. China
| | - Lining Zhang
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, P.R. China
| | - Xiaoyan Wang
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, P.R. China
| | - Zengtao Wei
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, P.R. China
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, P.R. China
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Zigová M, Michalková R, Mojžiš J. Anticancer Potential of Indole Phytoalexins and Their Analogues. Molecules 2024; 29:2388. [PMID: 38792249 PMCID: PMC11124384 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29102388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2024] [Revised: 05/15/2024] [Accepted: 05/17/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Indole phytoalexins, found in economically significant Cruciferae family plants, are synthesized in response to pathogen attacks or stress, serving as crucial components of plant defense mechanisms against bacterial and fungal infections. Furthermore, recent research indicates that these compounds hold promise for improving human health, particularly in terms of potential anticancer effects that have been observed in various studies. Since our last comprehensive overview in 2016 focusing on the antiproliferative effects of these substances, brassinin and camalexin have been the most extensively studied. This review analyses the multifaceted pharmacological effects of brassinin and camalexin, highlighting their anticancer potential. In this article, we also provide an overview of the antiproliferative activity of new synthetic analogs of indole phytoalexins, which were synthesized and tested at our university with the aim of enhancing efficacy compared to the parent compound.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Radka Michalková
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Pavol Jozef Šafárik University, 040 01 Košice, Slovakia;
| | - Ján Mojžiš
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Pavol Jozef Šafárik University, 040 01 Košice, Slovakia;
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Zhou X, Zhao J, Yan T, Ye D, Wang Y, Zhou B, Liu D, Wang X, Zheng W, Zheng B, Qian F, Li Y, Li D, Fang L. ANXA9 facilitates S100A4 and promotes breast cancer progression through modulating STAT3 pathway. Cell Death Dis 2024; 15:260. [PMID: 38609357 PMCID: PMC11014919 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-024-06643-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2024] [Revised: 03/29/2024] [Accepted: 04/03/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024]
Abstract
Breast cancer has the highest global incidence and mortality rates among all cancer types. Abnormal expression of the Annexin family has been observed in different malignant tumors, including upregulated ANXA9 in breast cancer. We found highly expressed ANXA9 in metastatic breast cancer tissues, which is correlated with breast cancer progression. In vitro, the functional experiments indicated ANXA9 influenced breast cancer proliferation, motility, invasion, and apoptosis; in vivo, downregulation of ANXA9 suppressed breast cancer xenograft tumor growth and lung metastasis. Mechanically, on one side, we found that ANXA9 could mediate S100A4 and therefore regulate AKT/mTOR/STAT3 pathway to participate p53/Bcl-2 apoptosis; on the other side, we found ANXA9 transferred S100A4 from cells into the tumor microenvironment and mediated the excretion of cytokines IL-6, IL-8, CCL2, and CCL5 to participate angiogenesis via self- phosphorylation at site Ser2 and site Thr69. Our findings demonstrate significant involvement of ANXA9 in promoting breast cancer progression, thereby suggesting that therapeutic intervention via targeting ANXA9 may be effective in treating metastatic breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiqian Zhou
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Junyong Zhao
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Tao Yan
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Danrong Ye
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yuying Wang
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Bai'an Zhou
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Diya Liu
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xuehui Wang
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Wenfang Zheng
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Bowen Zheng
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Fengyuan Qian
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yating Li
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Dengfeng Li
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
- Institute of Breast Disease, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China.
| | - Lin Fang
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
- Institute of Breast Disease, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China.
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Jackson CE, Doyle I, Khan H, Williams SF, Aldemir Dikici B, Barajas Ledesma E, Bryant HE, English WR, Green NH, Claeyssens F. Gelatin-containing porous polycaprolactone PolyHIPEs as substrates for 3D breast cancer cell culture and vascular infiltration. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2024; 11:1321197. [PMID: 38260750 PMCID: PMC10800367 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2023.1321197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2023] [Accepted: 12/13/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Tumour survival and growth are reliant on angiogenesis, the formation of new blood vessels, to facilitate nutrient and waste exchange and, importantly, provide a route for metastasis from a primary to a secondary site. Whilst current models can ensure the transport and exchange of nutrients and waste via diffusion over distances greater than 200 μm, many lack sufficient vasculature capable of recapitulating the tumour microenvironment and, thus, metastasis. In this study, we utilise gelatin-containing polymerised high internal phase emulsion (polyHIPE) templated polycaprolactone-methacrylate (PCL-M) scaffolds to fabricate a composite material to support the 3D culture of MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells and vascular ingrowth. Firstly, we investigated the effect of gelatin within the scaffolds on the mechanical and chemical properties using compression testing and FTIR spectroscopy, respectively. Initial in vitro assessment of cell metabolic activity and vascular endothelial growth factor expression demonstrated that gelatin-containing PCL-M polyHIPEs are capable of supporting 3D breast cancer cell growth. We then utilised the chick chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) assay to assess the angiogenic potential of cell-seeded gelatin-containing PCL-M polyHIPEs, and vascular ingrowth within cell-seeded, surfactant and gelatin-containing scaffolds was investigated via histological staining. Overall, our study proposes a promising composite material to fabricate a substrate to support the 3D culture of cancer cells and vascular ingrowth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caitlin E. Jackson
- The Kroto Research Institute, Materials Science and Engineering, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom
- Insigneo Institute for in Silico Medicine, The Pam Liversidge Building, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom
| | - Iona Doyle
- The Kroto Research Institute, Materials Science and Engineering, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom
| | - Hamood Khan
- The Kroto Research Institute, Materials Science and Engineering, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom
| | - Samuel F. Williams
- Department of Infection, Immunity and Cardiovascular Disease, Royal Hallamshire Hospital, The University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom
| | | | | | - Helen E. Bryant
- School of Medicine and Population Health, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom
| | - William R. English
- Norwich Medical School, University of East Anglia, Norwich, United Kingdom
| | - Nicola H. Green
- The Kroto Research Institute, Materials Science and Engineering, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom
- Insigneo Institute for in Silico Medicine, The Pam Liversidge Building, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom
| | - Frederik Claeyssens
- The Kroto Research Institute, Materials Science and Engineering, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom
- Insigneo Institute for in Silico Medicine, The Pam Liversidge Building, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom
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Park YR, Jee W, Park SM, Kim SW, Jung JH, Kim H, Kim KI, Jang HJ. Acetylcorynoline Induces Apoptosis and G2/M Phase Arrest through the c-Myc Signaling Pathway in Colon Cancer Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:17589. [PMID: 38139419 PMCID: PMC10744070 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242417589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2023] [Revised: 12/11/2023] [Accepted: 12/14/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most commonly diagnosed cancer worldwide, and despite advances in treatment, survival rates are still low; therefore, the development of novel drugs is imperative. Acetylcorynoline (ACN) is derived from Corydalis ambigua Cham. et Schltdl tubers. The effect of ACN on colon cancer is still unknown. Therefore, we investigated its potential effects. Our data showed that ACN inhibited cell viability and proliferation. Moreover, ACN induced apoptosis and cell cycle arrest by inhibiting cell growth. In the present study, we hypothesized that ACN regulates c-Myc through CNOT2 or MID1IP1. ACN reduced the protein expression of oncogenic genes, decreased c-Myc half-life, and rapidly inhibited the serum stimulation response. Moreover, knockdown of CNOT2 and MID1IP1 with ACN increased apoptosis and further reduced the expression of oncogenes. In addition, ACN exhibited a synergistic effect with low-dose 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) and doxorubicin (Dox). Collectively, our data demonstrate that ACN inhibited c-Myc expression through CNOT2 and MID1IP1, and induced apoptosis. These findings indicate the potential of ACN as a therapeutic agent against colon cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ye-Rin Park
- College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, 24, Kyungheedae-ro, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea; (Y.-R.P.); (W.J.); (S.-M.P.); (S.-W.K.); (J.-H.J.); (H.K.); (K.-I.K.)
- Department of Science in Korean Medicine, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Wona Jee
- College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, 24, Kyungheedae-ro, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea; (Y.-R.P.); (W.J.); (S.-M.P.); (S.-W.K.); (J.-H.J.); (H.K.); (K.-I.K.)
- Department of Science in Korean Medicine, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - So-Mi Park
- College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, 24, Kyungheedae-ro, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea; (Y.-R.P.); (W.J.); (S.-M.P.); (S.-W.K.); (J.-H.J.); (H.K.); (K.-I.K.)
- Department of Science in Korean Medicine, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Seok-Woo Kim
- College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, 24, Kyungheedae-ro, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea; (Y.-R.P.); (W.J.); (S.-M.P.); (S.-W.K.); (J.-H.J.); (H.K.); (K.-I.K.)
- Department of Science in Korean Medicine, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji-Hoon Jung
- College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, 24, Kyungheedae-ro, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea; (Y.-R.P.); (W.J.); (S.-M.P.); (S.-W.K.); (J.-H.J.); (H.K.); (K.-I.K.)
- Department of Science in Korean Medicine, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyungsuk Kim
- College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, 24, Kyungheedae-ro, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea; (Y.-R.P.); (W.J.); (S.-M.P.); (S.-W.K.); (J.-H.J.); (H.K.); (K.-I.K.)
- Department of Korean Rehabilitation Medicine, Kyung Hee University Medical Center, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Kwan-Il Kim
- College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, 24, Kyungheedae-ro, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea; (Y.-R.P.); (W.J.); (S.-M.P.); (S.-W.K.); (J.-H.J.); (H.K.); (K.-I.K.)
- Division of Allergy, Immune and Respiratory System, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee Medical Center, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyeung-Jin Jang
- College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, 24, Kyungheedae-ro, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea; (Y.-R.P.); (W.J.); (S.-M.P.); (S.-W.K.); (J.-H.J.); (H.K.); (K.-I.K.)
- Department of Science in Korean Medicine, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
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6
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Li S, Sun X, Li T, Shi Y, Xu B, Deng Y, Wang S. A novel proteomic-based model for predicting colorectal cancer with Schistosoma japonicum co-infection by integrated bioinformatics analysis and machine learning. BMC Med Genomics 2023; 16:269. [PMID: 37904220 PMCID: PMC10614356 DOI: 10.1186/s12920-023-01711-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2023] [Accepted: 10/23/2023] [Indexed: 11/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Schistosoma japonicum infection is an important public health problem and the S. japonicum infection is associated with a variety of diseases, including colorectal cancer. We collected the paraffin samples of CRC patients with or without S. japonicum infection according to standard procedures. Data-Independent Acquisition was used to identify differentially expressed proteins (DEPs), protein-protein interaction (PPI) network construction, Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) functional enrichment analysis and machine learning algorithms (least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) regression) were used to identify candidate genes for diagnosing CRC with S. japonicum infection. To assess the diagnostic value, the nomogram and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve were developed. A total of 115 DEPs were screened, the DEPs that were discovered were mostly related with biological process in generation of precursor metabolites and energy,energy derivation by oxidation of organic compounds, carboxylic acid metabolic process, oxoacid metabolic process, cellular respiration aerobic respiration according to the analyses. Enrichment analysis showed that these compounds might regulate oxidoreductase activity, transporter activity, transmembrane transporter activity, ion transmembrane transporter activity and inorganic molecular entity transmembrane transporter activity. Following the development of PPI network and LASSO, 13 genes (hsd17b4, h2ac4, hla-c, pc, epx, rpia, tor1aip1, mindy1, dpysl5, nucks1, cnot2, ndufa13 and dnm3) were filtered, and 3 candidate hub genes were chosen for nomogram building and diagnostic value evaluation after machine learning. The nomogram and all 3 candidate hub genes (hsd17b4, rpia and cnot2) had high diagnostic values (area under the curve is 0.9556). The results of our study indicate that the combination of hsd17b4, rpia, and cnot2 may become a predictive model for the occurrence of CRC in combination with S. japonicum infection. This study also provides new clues for the mechanism research of S. japonicum infection and CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shan Li
- Precision Preventive Medicine Laboratory of Basic Medical School, Jiujiang University, Jiujiang, 332005, China.
| | - Xuguang Sun
- Art School, Jiujiang University, Jiujiang, 332005, China
| | - Ting Li
- Affiliated Hospital of Jiujiang University, Jiujiang, 332005, China
| | - Yanqing Shi
- Affiliated Hospital of Jiujiang University, Jiujiang, 332005, China
| | - Binjie Xu
- Precision Preventive Medicine Laboratory of Basic Medical School, Jiujiang University, Jiujiang, 332005, China
| | - Yuyong Deng
- Precision Preventive Medicine Laboratory of Basic Medical School, Jiujiang University, Jiujiang, 332005, China
| | - Sifan Wang
- Precision Preventive Medicine Laboratory of Basic Medical School, Jiujiang University, Jiujiang, 332005, China
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Chen Z, Yue Z, Yang K, Shen C, Cheng Z, Zhou X, Li S. Four Ounces Can Move a Thousand Pounds: The Enormous Value of Nanomaterials in Tumor Immunotherapy. Adv Healthc Mater 2023; 12:e2300882. [PMID: 37539730 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202300882] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2023] [Revised: 07/17/2023] [Indexed: 08/05/2023]
Abstract
The application of nanomaterials in healthcare has emerged as a promising strategy due to their unique structural diversity, surface properties, and compositional diversity. In particular, nanomaterials have found a significant role in improving drug delivery and inhibiting the growth and metastasis of tumor cells. Moreover, recent studies have highlighted their potential in modulating the tumor microenvironment (TME) and enhancing the activity of immune cells to improve tumor therapy efficacy. Various types of nanomaterials are currently utilized as drug carriers, immunosuppressants, immune activators, immunoassay reagents, and more for tumor immunotherapy. Necessarily, nanomaterials used for tumor immunotherapy can be grouped into two categories: organic and inorganic nanomaterials. Though both have shown the ability to achieve the purpose of tumor immunotherapy, their composition and structural properties result in differences in their mechanisms and modes of action. Organic nanomaterials can be further divided into organic polymers, cell membranes, nanoemulsion-modified, and hydrogel forms. At the same time, inorganic nanomaterials can be broadly classified as nonmetallic and metallic nanomaterials. The current work aims to explore the mechanisms of action of these different types of nanomaterials and their prospects for promoting tumor immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziyin Chen
- Department of Urology, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, 100029, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Ziqi Yue
- Department of Forensic Medicine, Harbin Medical University, 150001, Harbin, P. R. China
| | - Kaiqi Yang
- Clinical Medicine, Harbin Medical University, 150001, Harbin, P. R. China
| | - Congrong Shen
- Department of Urology, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, 100029, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Zhe Cheng
- Department of Forensic Medicine, Harbin Medical University, 150001, Harbin, P. R. China
| | - Xiaofeng Zhou
- Department of Urology, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, 100029, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Shenglong Li
- Second Ward of Bone and Soft Tissue Tumor Surgery, Cancer Hospital of Dalian University of Technology, Cancer Hospital of China Medical University, Liaoning Cancer Hospital and Institute, 110042, Shenyang, P. R. China
- The Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Interdisciplinary Research on Gastrointestinal Tumor Combining Medicine with Engineering, Shenyang, 110042, China
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8
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Haynes D, Morgan EE, Chu EY. Cutaneous adverse reactions resulting from targeted cancer therapies: histopathologic and clinical findings. Hum Pathol 2023; 140:129-143. [PMID: 37146945 DOI: 10.1016/j.humpath.2023.04.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2023] [Revised: 04/19/2023] [Accepted: 04/26/2023] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
Targeted cancer treatments-designed to interfere with specific molecular signals responsible for tumor survival and progression-have shown benefit over conventional chemotherapies but may lead to diverse cutaneous adverse effects. This review highlights clinically significant dermatologic toxicities and their associated histopathologic findings, resulting from various targeted cancer drugs. Case reports and series, clinical trials, reviews, and meta-analyses are included for analysis and summarized herein. Cutaneous side effects resulting from targeted cancer therapies were reported with incidences as high as 90% for certain medications, and reactions are often predictable based on mechanism(s) of action of a given drug. Common and important reaction patterns included: acneiform eruptions, neutrophilic dermatoses, hand-foot skin reaction, secondary cutaneous malignancies, and alopecia. Clinical and histopathologic recognition of these toxicities remains impactful for patient care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dylan Haynes
- Department of Dermatology, Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Eric E Morgan
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104 USA
| | - Emily Y Chu
- Department of Dermatology, Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA.
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Yang J, Sun L, Liu X, Huang C, Peng J, Zeng X, Zheng H, Cen W, Xu Y, Zhu W, Wu X, Ling D, Zhang L, Wei M, Liu Y, Wang D, Wang F, Li Y, Li Q, Du Z. Targeted demethylation of the CDO1 promoter based on CRISPR system inhibits the malignant potential of breast cancer cells. Clin Transl Med 2023; 13:e1423. [PMID: 37740473 PMCID: PMC10517212 DOI: 10.1002/ctm2.1423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2023] [Revised: 09/05/2023] [Accepted: 09/08/2023] [Indexed: 09/24/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cysteine dioxygenase 1 (CDO1) is frequently methylated, and its expression is decreased in many human cancers including breast cancer (BC). However, the functional and mechanistic aspects of CDO1 inactivation in BC are poorly understood, and the diagnostic significance of serum CDO1 methylation remains unclear. METHODS We performed bioinformatics analysis of publicly available databases and employed MassARRAY EpiTYPER methylation sequencing technology to identify differentially methylated sites in the CDO1 promoter of BC tissues compared to normal adjacent tissues (NATs). Subsequently, we developed a MethyLight assay using specific primers and probes for these CpG sites to detect the percentage of methylated reference (PMR) of the CDO1 promoter. Furthermore, both LentiCRISPR/dCas9-Tet1CD-based CDO1-targeted demethylation system and CDO1 overexpression strategy were utilized to detect the function and underlying mechanism of CDO1 in BC. Finally, the early diagnostic value of CDO1 as a methylation biomarker in BC serum was evaluated. RESULTS CDO1 promoter was hypermethylated in BC tissues, which was related to poor prognosis (p < .05). The CRISPR/dCas9-based targeted demethylation system significantly reduced the PMR of CDO1 promotor and increased CDO1 expression in BC cells. Consequently, this leads to suppression of cell proliferation, migration and invasion. Additionally, we found that CDO1 exerted a tumour suppressor effect by inhibiting the cell cycle, promoting cell apoptosis and ferroptosis. Furthermore, we employed the MethyLight to detect CDO1 PMR in BC serum, and we discovered that serum CDO1 methylation was an effective non-invasive biomarker for early diagnosis of BC. CONCLUSIONS CDO1 is hypermethylated and acts as a tumour suppressor gene in BC. Epigenetic editing of abnormal CDO1 methylation could have a crucial role in the clinical treatment and prognosis of BC. Additionally, serum CDO1 methylation holds promise as a valuable biomarker for the early diagnosis and management of BC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaojiao Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South ChinaSun Yat‐Sen University Cancer CenterGuangzhouGuangdongP. R. China
- Department of Molecular DiagnosticsSun Yat‐sen University Cancer CenterGuangzhouGuangdongP. R. China
| | - Liyue Sun
- Second Department of OncologyGuangdong Second Provincial General HospitalGuangzhouGuangdongP. R. China
| | - Xiao‐Yun Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South ChinaSun Yat‐Sen University Cancer CenterGuangzhouGuangdongP. R. China
- Department of Molecular DiagnosticsSun Yat‐sen University Cancer CenterGuangzhouGuangdongP. R. China
| | - Chan Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South ChinaSun Yat‐Sen University Cancer CenterGuangzhouGuangdongP. R. China
- Department of Molecular DiagnosticsSun Yat‐sen University Cancer CenterGuangzhouGuangdongP. R. China
| | - Junling Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South ChinaSun Yat‐Sen University Cancer CenterGuangzhouGuangdongP. R. China
- Department of Molecular DiagnosticsSun Yat‐sen University Cancer CenterGuangzhouGuangdongP. R. China
| | - Xinxin Zeng
- Second Department of OncologyGuangdong Second Provincial General HospitalGuangzhouGuangdongP. R. China
| | - Hailin Zheng
- Department of Clinical LaboratorySun Yat‐Sen University Cancer CenterGuangzhouGuangdongP. R. China
| | - Wenjian Cen
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South ChinaSun Yat‐Sen University Cancer CenterGuangzhouGuangdongP. R. China
- Department of Molecular DiagnosticsSun Yat‐sen University Cancer CenterGuangzhouGuangdongP. R. China
| | - Yu‐Xia Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South ChinaSun Yat‐Sen University Cancer CenterGuangzhouGuangdongP. R. China
- Department of Molecular DiagnosticsSun Yat‐sen University Cancer CenterGuangzhouGuangdongP. R. China
| | - Weijie Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South ChinaSun Yat‐Sen University Cancer CenterGuangzhouGuangdongP. R. China
- Department of Molecular DiagnosticsSun Yat‐sen University Cancer CenterGuangzhouGuangdongP. R. China
| | - Xiao‐Yan Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South ChinaSun Yat‐Sen University Cancer CenterGuangzhouGuangdongP. R. China
- Department of Molecular DiagnosticsSun Yat‐sen University Cancer CenterGuangzhouGuangdongP. R. China
| | - Dongyi Ling
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South ChinaSun Yat‐Sen University Cancer CenterGuangzhouGuangdongP. R. China
- Department of Molecular DiagnosticsSun Yat‐sen University Cancer CenterGuangzhouGuangdongP. R. China
| | - Lu‐Lu Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South ChinaSun Yat‐Sen University Cancer CenterGuangzhouGuangdongP. R. China
- Department of Molecular DiagnosticsSun Yat‐sen University Cancer CenterGuangzhouGuangdongP. R. China
| | - Mingbiao Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South ChinaSun Yat‐Sen University Cancer CenterGuangzhouGuangdongP. R. China
- Department of Molecular DiagnosticsSun Yat‐sen University Cancer CenterGuangzhouGuangdongP. R. China
| | - Ye Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South ChinaSun Yat‐Sen University Cancer CenterGuangzhouGuangdongP. R. China
- Department of Molecular DiagnosticsSun Yat‐sen University Cancer CenterGuangzhouGuangdongP. R. China
| | - Deshen Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South ChinaSun Yat‐Sen University Cancer CenterGuangzhouGuangdongP. R. China
- Department of Medical OncologySun Yat‐sen University Cancer CenterGuangzhouGuangdongP. R. China
| | - Feng‐Hua Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South ChinaSun Yat‐Sen University Cancer CenterGuangzhouGuangdongP. R. China
- Department of Medical OncologySun Yat‐sen University Cancer CenterGuangzhouGuangdongP. R. China
| | - Yu‐Hong Li
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South ChinaSun Yat‐Sen University Cancer CenterGuangzhouGuangdongP. R. China
- Department of Medical OncologySun Yat‐sen University Cancer CenterGuangzhouGuangdongP. R. China
| | - Qin Li
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene RegulationGuangdong‐Hong Kong Joint Laboratory for RNA MedicineSun Yat‐Sen Memorial HospitalSun Yat‐Sen UniversityGuangzhouGuangdongP. R. China
- Medical Research CenterSun Yat‐Sen Memorial HospitalSun Yat‐Sen UniversityGuangzhouGuangdongP. R. China
| | - Ziming Du
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South ChinaSun Yat‐Sen University Cancer CenterGuangzhouGuangdongP. R. China
- Department of Molecular DiagnosticsSun Yat‐sen University Cancer CenterGuangzhouGuangdongP. R. China
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10
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Li C, Zhang Q, Luo H, Liu R, Feng S, Geng Y, Wang L, Yang Z, Zhang Y, Wang X. Carbon Ions Suppress Angiogenesis and Lung Metastases in Melanoma by Targeting CXCL10. Radiat Res 2023; 200:307-319. [PMID: 37527364 DOI: 10.1667/rade-22-0086.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2022] [Accepted: 07/13/2023] [Indexed: 08/03/2023]
Abstract
Carbon-ion radiotherapy (CIRT) enhanced local control in patients with malignant melanoma. In several in vitro studies, carbon ions (C ions) have been also shown to decrease the metastatic potential of melanoma cells. CXC motif 10 (CXCL10) has been shown to play a crucial role in regulating tumor metastasis and it significantly increase in human embryonic kidney cells after heavy ion irradiations. This study sought to explore the regulatory effect of C ions on melanoma metastasis, emphasizing the role of CXCL10 in this process. To explore the potential regulatory effect of C ions on tumor metastasis in vivo, we developed a lung metastasis mouse model by injecting B16F10 cells into the footpad and subjected all mice to treatment with X rays and C ions. Subsequently, a series of assays, including histopathological analysis, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, real-time PCR, and western blotting, were conducted to assess the regulatory effects of C ions on melanoma. Our results showed that mice treated with C ions exhibited significantly less tumor vascularity, enhanced tumor necrosis, alleviated lung metastasis, and experienced longer survival than X-ray irradiated mice. Moreover, VEGF expression in B16F10 cells was significantly reduced by C-ion treatment, which could be alleviated by CXCL10 knockdown in vitro. Further investigations revealed that co-culturing with HUVECs resulted in a significant inhibition of proliferation, migration, and tube formation ability in the C-ion treated group, while the opposite effect was observed in the C-ion treated with si-CXCL10 group. In conclusion, our findings demonstrate that treatment with carbon-ion radiation can suppress angiogenesis and lung metastases in melanoma by specifically targeting CXCL10. These results suggest the potential utility of carbon ions in treating melanoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chengcheng Li
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Qiuning Zhang
- Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, China
- Department of Oncology, Lanzhou Heavy Ions Hospital, Lanzhou, China
| | - Hongtao Luo
- Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, China
| | - Ruifeng Liu
- Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, China
| | - Shuangwu Feng
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Yichao Geng
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Lina Wang
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Zhen Yang
- School of Public Health, Gansu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, China
| | - Yanying Zhang
- Laboratory Animal Center of Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, China
| | - Xiaohu Wang
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
- Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, China
- Department of Oncology, Lanzhou Heavy Ions Hospital, Lanzhou, China
- School of Public Health, Gansu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, China
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11
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Wang L, Zhang K, Feng J, Wang D, Liu J. The Progress of Platelets in Breast Cancer. Cancer Manag Res 2023; 15:811-821. [PMID: 37589033 PMCID: PMC10426457 DOI: 10.2147/cmar.s418574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2023] [Accepted: 07/27/2023] [Indexed: 08/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer is the most common female cancer and the sixth leading cause of death, seriously affecting the quality of life of women. Platelets, one of the fragments derived from megakaryocytes, are being increasingly investigated by tumor researchers because of their anticoagulant function. According to relevant studies, platelets, as the key source of circulating angiogenesis-related factors, can regulate tumor angiogenesis and vascular integrity, and they can also affect the tumor microenvironment, thereby facilitating the proliferation and differentiation of tumor cells. By covering or transferring normal MHC I molecules to tumor cells, platelets can protect tumor cells from being killed by the immune system and facilitate tumor cell metastasis. However, details on the mechanisms involved have remained elusive. This paper reviews and analyzes studies of the role of platelets in tumorigenesis, tumor cell proliferation, tumor metastasis, and cancer treatment to provide readers with a better understanding of the relevant studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luchang Wang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, People’s Republic of China
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Chengdu Second People’s Hospital, Chengdu, 610017, People’s Republic of China
| | - Kaijiong Zhang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Sichuan Cancer Hospital & Institute, Sichuan Cancer Center, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610041, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jia Feng
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, People’s Republic of China
| | - Dongsheng Wang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Sichuan Cancer Hospital & Institute, Sichuan Cancer Center, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610041, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jinbo Liu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, People’s Republic of China
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12
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Jee W, Ko HM, Park DI, Park YR, Park SM, Kim H, Na YC, Jung JH, Jang HJ. Momordicae Semen inhibits migration and induces apoptotic cell death by regulating c-Myc and CNOT2 in human pancreatic cancer cells. Sci Rep 2023; 13:12800. [PMID: 37550432 PMCID: PMC10406802 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-39840-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2022] [Accepted: 07/31/2023] [Indexed: 08/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic cancer(PC) is less common than other cancers; however, it has a poor prognosis. Therefore, studying novel target signaling and anticancer agents is necessary. Momordicae Semen (MS), the seed of Momordica sochinensis Spreng, mainly found in South-East Asia, including China and Bangladesh, is used to treat various diseases because of its anticancer, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antibacterial properties. However, the effect of the MS extract on pancreatic cancer cells remains unknown. In this study investigated whether the MS extract exerted an anti-cancer effect by regulating c-Myc through CNOT2. Cytotoxicity and proliferation were investigated using MTT and colony formation assays. The levels of apoptotic, oncogenic, and migration-associated factors were confirmed using immunoblotting and immunofluorescence. Wound closure was analyzed using a wound healing assay. The chemical composition of the MS methanol extracts was analyzed using liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry. We confirmed that the MS extract regulated apoptotic factors and attenuated the stability of c-Myc and its sensitivity to fetal bovine serum. Furthermore, the MS extract increased apoptosis by regulating c-Myc and CNOT2 expression and enhanced the sensitivity of 5-FU in pancreatic cancer. This study showed that the MS extract is a promising new drug for PC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wona Jee
- College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, 26, Kyungheedae-Ro, Dongdaemun-Gu, Seoul, 02447, Korea
- Department of Science in Korean Medicine, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, 02447, Korea
| | - Hyun Min Ko
- College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, 26, Kyungheedae-Ro, Dongdaemun-Gu, Seoul, 02447, Korea
- Department of Science in Korean Medicine, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, 02447, Korea
| | - Do-Il Park
- College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, 26, Kyungheedae-Ro, Dongdaemun-Gu, Seoul, 02447, Korea
- Department of Science in Korean Medicine, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, 02447, Korea
| | - Ye-Rin Park
- College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, 26, Kyungheedae-Ro, Dongdaemun-Gu, Seoul, 02447, Korea
- Department of Science in Korean Medicine, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, 02447, Korea
| | - So-Mi Park
- College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, 26, Kyungheedae-Ro, Dongdaemun-Gu, Seoul, 02447, Korea
- Department of Science in Korean Medicine, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, 02447, Korea
| | - Hyungsuk Kim
- Department of Korean Rehabilitation Medicine, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Yun-Cheol Na
- Western Seoul Center, Korea Basic Science Institute, 150 Bugahyeon-Ro, Seodaemun-Gu, Seoul, 03759, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji Hoon Jung
- College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, 26, Kyungheedae-Ro, Dongdaemun-Gu, Seoul, 02447, Korea
- Department of Science in Korean Medicine, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, 02447, Korea
| | - Hyeung-Jin Jang
- College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, 26, Kyungheedae-Ro, Dongdaemun-Gu, Seoul, 02447, Korea.
- Department of Science in Korean Medicine, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, 02447, Korea.
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13
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Honokiol inhibits interleukin-induced angiogenesis in the NSCLC microenvironment through the NF-κB signaling pathway. Chem Biol Interact 2023; 370:110295. [PMID: 36470525 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2022.110295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2021] [Revised: 11/13/2022] [Accepted: 11/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
Abstract
Tumor angiogenesis, which may be affected by microenvironmental inflammation and promotes tumor development and metastasis, is one of the key reasons contributing to increased mortality. The goal of this study is to investigate how lignin analogs, specifically honokiol (HNK), block angiogenesis induced by the inflammatory milieu of lung cancer. The human lung cancer cell lines A549 and H460 were treated with HNK. Interleukin-1 was employed to mimic an inflammatory tumor microenvironment. Findings demonstrated that HNK drastically decreased the cell viability of A549 and H460 cells. In A549 and H460 cells, HNK also reduced the production of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), the most important marker of tumor angiogenesis. Signal pathway studies revealed that HNK blocked the NF-κB signaling pathway. This effect, in turn, prevented the expression of VEGF by inhibiting the NF-κB signaling pathway. Human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) from A549-conditioned medium cultures were subjected to HNK treatment, which decreased tubulogenesis, horizontal and vertical migration, and cell proliferation in HUVECs. Overall, HNK inhibited the NF-κB pathway. This effect resulted in the downregulation of VEGF, thus reducing the viability and angiogenesis of human lung cancer cell lines. In A549 cell xenografts, HNK decreased VEGF expression, tumor angiogenesis, and tumor development. Our research shows that HNK is a potential antiangiogenic molecule for the treatment of lung cancer.
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Ding Y, Xiong S, Chen X, Pan Q, Fan J, Guo J. HAPLN3 inhibits apoptosis and promotes EMT of clear cell renal cell carcinoma via ERK and Bcl-2 signal pathways. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol 2023; 149:79-90. [PMID: 36374334 DOI: 10.1007/s00432-022-04421-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2022] [Accepted: 10/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Hyaluronan and proteoglycan link protein 3 (HAPLN3) is a member of the hyaluronan and proteoglycan link protein family expressed in the extracellular matrix closely associated with the development and occurrence of various malignant tumors; yet, its function in clear cell renal cell cancer (ccRCC) is still poorly understood. The following study investigated the progress and mechanism of HAPLN3 on ccRCC using bioinformatics analysis and in vitro experiments. In order to determine whether HAPLN3 is differentially expressed in ccRCC, we analyzed data from the Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and GSE40435 and further validated them in the Human Protein Atlas (HPA) database. Simultaneously, the TCGA dataset was utilized to study the relationship between HAPLN3 expression and the progression of ccRCC and its prognostic value in ccRCC. Gene enrichment analysis (GSEA) was used to explore HAPLN3-related signaling pathways in ccRCC. The TIMER database investigates the link for both HAPLN3 and immune cell infiltration. Different ccRCC cell lines the role of HAPLN3 on cell biological behavior in vitro. HAPLN3 was increased in ccRCC, and its high expression was related to the patients' survival rates and clinical characteristics. GSEA showed that HAPLN3 is mainly enriched in proliferative and metastatic pathways. In addition, HAPLN3 was an independently associated significant predictor in patients with ccRCC. Functional experiments demonstrated that HAPLN3 could promote the proliferation, migration, and invasion of ccRCC cells through the ERK1/2 signaling pathway. To sum up, our data suggest that HAPLN3 may serve as a new prognostic biomarker and potential therapeutic target for ccRCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Ding
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, People's Republic of China
| | - Shida Xiong
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, People's Republic of China
| | - Xinpeng Chen
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, People's Republic of China
| | - Qiufeng Pan
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiawen Fan
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, People's Republic of China
| | - Ju Guo
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, People's Republic of China.
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15
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Ko HM, Jee W, Lee D, Jang HJ, Jung JH. Ophiopogonin D increase apoptosis by activating p53 via ribosomal protein L5 and L11 and inhibiting the expression of c-Myc via CNOT2. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:974468. [PMID: 36569330 PMCID: PMC9780504 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.974468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2022] [Accepted: 11/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Ophiopogonin D (OP-D), which is extracted from the root tuber of Ophiopogon japonicus, is well known for its anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidant, and anti-cancer effects. It is also therapeutic for various diseases such as diabetic myocardial injuries, obesity, atopic dermatitis, and osteoporosis. However, there are insufficient reports on the anti-cancer effects and molecular mechanisms of OP-D in colorectal cancer. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the anti-cancer-modulating effect of OP-D on colorectal cancer. The study proved that OP-D (20-40 uM) has significant cell viability inhibition and anti-proliferative effects in Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8) assay and colony formation assay. In addition, our immunofluorescence analysis data showed that OP-D (40 uM) inhibited the expression of Ki67, a cell proliferation marker, and confirmed that OP-D could induce nucleolar stress by depletion of IPO7 and XPO1. Furthermore, our western blot data showed that OP-D induced p53 expression via ribosomal protein (RP) L5 or L11 and inhibited c-Myc expression through CNOT2 in a dose-dependent manner. Additionally, OP-D regulated cyclin D1 and CDK4, which are well known as cell cycle regulatory proteins. OP-D consistently inhibited the phosphorylation of AKT expression in a dose-dependent manner. Furthermore, OP-D shortened c-Myc's half-life in a time-dependent manner. Furthermore, CNOT2 knockdown enhanced the inhibitory effect of OP-D on c-Myc in colon cancer cells. Besides that, we confirmed that OP-D has a combinational anti-cancer effect of 5-FU or doxorubicin to reduce cell viability and induce apoptosis through p53 and c-Myc regulation. Altogether, our results suggest that OP-D regulates colon cancer cell proliferation and induces apoptosis by inhibiting c-Myc expression via activation of p53 and CNOT2 regulation. The study demonstrated that OP-D may be a promising natural anti-cancer agent for the treatment of colorectal cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyun Min Ko
- College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, South Korea,Department of Science in Korean Medicine, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, China
| | - Wona Jee
- College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, South Korea,Department of Science in Korean Medicine, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, China
| | - Duckgue Lee
- Soonchunhyang Institute of Medi-bio Science, Soonchunhyang University, Cheonan-si, South Korea
| | - Hyeung-Jin Jang
- College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, South Korea,Department of Science in Korean Medicine, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, China,*Correspondence: Hyeung-Jin Jang, ; Ji Hoon Jung,
| | - Ji Hoon Jung
- College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, South Korea,Department of Science in Korean Medicine, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, China,*Correspondence: Hyeung-Jin Jang, ; Ji Hoon Jung,
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16
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Cao G, Chang Y, Yang G, Jiang Y, Han K. A novel risk score model based on four angiogenesis long non-coding RNAs for prognosis evaluation of pancreatic adenocarcinoma. Aging (Albany NY) 2022; 14:9090-9102. [PMID: 36384673 PMCID: PMC9740371 DOI: 10.18632/aging.204387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2022] [Accepted: 11/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) have been reported to play significant roles in tumour angiogenesis which prominently facilitates pancreatic adenocarcinoma (PAAD) progression. METHODS The clinical PAAD data were obtained from TCGA database and clinical specimens of 122 PAAD patients. The Molecular Signatures Database v4.0 was used to identify angiogenesis-related long non-coding RNAs (ARLNRs). Survival-related ARLNRs (sARLNRs) were further validated by univariate and multivariate COX regression analyses. The expressions of CASC8, AC015660.1, Z97832.2 and PAN3-AS1 in PAAD cell lines and tissues were examined by qPCR. The correlations between sARLNRs (CASC8 and AC015660.1) and clinicopathological characteristics of the 122 PAAD patients were analyzed by the chi-square test and Fisher's exact probability method. RESULTS 590 lncRNAs were identified as ARLNRs, of which four sARLNRs were further used to establish an angiogenesis-related risk score model (ARRS), by which patients in the low-risk group have better survival probabilities than those in the high-risk group. The expression levels of CASC8 and AC015660.1 were significantly higher in PAAD cell lines and tumor tissues especially in patients with advanced grades and T-stages, while Z97832.2 and PAN3-AS1 were inverse. In addition, the higher expression of CASC8 and AC015660.1 prominently associated with the larger tumour size, and the more advanced grade and T-stage. However, the relevance between the sARLNRs (CASC8 and AC015660.1) expression and lymph node metastasis status was not significant. CONCLUSIONS In the study, we illuminate the clinical significance, angiogenesis relevance and prognosis-predictive value of four sARLNRs for PAAD. The results build a bridge between sARLNRs and tumour vascularization, and also establish a reliable and accurate risk scoring model for PAAD antiangiogenic strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guangbiao Cao
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Songshan General Hospital, Chongqing, China
| | - Yihang Chang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Songshan General Hospital, Chongqing, China
| | - Guang Yang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Songshan General Hospital, Chongqing, China
| | - Yong Jiang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Songshan General Hospital, Chongqing, China
| | - Keqiang Han
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Songshan General Hospital, Chongqing, China
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17
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Kong L, Li J, Yang Y, Tang H, Zou H. Paeoniflorin alleviates the progression of retinal vein occlusion via inhibiting hypoxia inducible factor-1α/vascular endothelial growth factor/STAT3 pathway. Bioengineered 2022; 13:13622-13631. [PMID: 35653799 PMCID: PMC9275925 DOI: 10.1080/21655979.2022.2081755] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Retinal vein occlusion (RVO) is a severe retinal vascular disease involving several complications, leading to weakening of vision and even blindness. Globally, over 16 million patients with RVO were found in the middle-aged population. Paeoniflorin (PF), a monomer of Taohong Siwu decoction, was reported to exhibit many pharmacological activities including anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, cardioprotective, and neuroprotective effects. However, the effect of PF on the progression of RVO remains unclear. In the current study, CCK8 assay was performed to investigate the cell viability. In addition, transwell assay and western blot were used to measure cell invasion and protein expression, respectively. Moreover, a mouse model of oxygen-induced dischemic retinopathy (OIR) was established. We found PF was able to inhibit the migration and angiogenesis of human retinal capillary endothelial cells under normoxia. Additionally, PF notably prevented hypoxia-induced angiogenesis of human retinal capillary endothelial cells via inhibiting hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α)/vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)/STAT3 pathway. Eventually, PF significantly alleviated the retinal lesions in the mouse with OIR. All in all, PF was able to alleviate the progression of retinal vein occlusion via inhibiting HIF-1α/VEGF/STAT3 pathway. These findings might provide some theoretical knowledge for exploring novel effective treatment for patients with RVO.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingchun Kong
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jingjing Li
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yuqin Yang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Huixin Tang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Hong Zou
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
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18
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Nsengimana B, Khan FA, Ngowi EE, Zhou X, Jin Y, Jia Y, Wei W, Ji S. Processing body (P-body) and its mediators in cancer. Mol Cell Biochem 2022; 477:1217-1238. [PMID: 35089528 DOI: 10.1007/s11010-022-04359-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2021] [Accepted: 01/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
In recent years, processing bodies (P-bodies) formed by liquid-liquid phase separation, have attracted growing scientific attention due to their involvement in numerous cellular activities, including the regulation of mRNAs decay or storage. These cytoplasmic dynamic membraneless granules contain mRNA storage and decay components such as deadenylase and decapping factors. In addition, different mRNA metabolic regulators, including m6A readers and gene-mediated miRNA-silencing, are also associated with such P-bodies. Cancerous cells may profit from these mRNA decay shredders by up-regulating the expression level of oncogenes and down-regulating tumor suppressor genes. The main challenges of cancer treatment are drug resistance, metastasis, and cancer relapse likely associated with cancer stem cells, heterogeneity, and plasticity features of different tumors. The mRNA metabolic regulators based on P-bodies play a great role in cancer development and progression. The dysregulation of P-bodies mediators affects mRNA metabolism. However, less is known about the relationship between P-bodies mediators and cancerous behavior. The current review summarizes the recent studies on P-bodies mediators, their contribution to tumor development, and their potential in the clinical setting, particularly highlighting the P-bodies as potential drug-carriers such as exosomes to anticancer in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bernard Nsengimana
- Laboratory of Cell Signal Transduction, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Henan University, Henan, 475004, People's Republic of China
| | - Faiz Ali Khan
- Laboratory of Cell Signal Transduction, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Henan University, Henan, 475004, People's Republic of China
| | - Ebenezeri Erasto Ngowi
- Laboratory of Cell Signal Transduction, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Henan University, Henan, 475004, People's Republic of China
| | - Xuefeng Zhou
- Department of Oncology, Dongtai Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Dongtai, 224200, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Yu Jin
- Laboratory of Cell Signal Transduction, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Henan University, Henan, 475004, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuting Jia
- Laboratory of Cell Signal Transduction, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Henan University, Henan, 475004, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenqiang Wei
- Laboratory of Cell Signal Transduction, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Henan University, Henan, 475004, People's Republic of China.
| | - Shaoping Ji
- Laboratory of Cell Signal Transduction, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Henan University, Henan, 475004, People's Republic of China.
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Li H, Zhang H, Huang G, Bing Z, Xu D, Liu J, Luo H, An X. Loss of RPS27a expression regulates the cell cycle, apoptosis, and proliferation via the RPL11-MDM2-p53 pathway in lung adenocarcinoma cells. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL & CLINICAL CANCER RESEARCH : CR 2022; 41:33. [PMID: 35073964 PMCID: PMC8785590 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-021-02230-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2021] [Accepted: 12/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Background Depletion of certain ribosomal proteins induces p53 activation, which is mediated mainly by ribosomal protein L5 (RPL5) and/or ribosomal protein L11 (RPL11). Therefore, RPL5 and RPL11 may link RPs and p53 activation. Thus, this study aimed to explore whether RPs interact with RPL11 and regulate p53 activation in lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) cells. Methods The endogenous RPL11-binding proteins in A549 cells were pulled down through immunoprecipitation and identified with a proteomics approach. Docking analysis and GST-fusion protein assays were used to analyze the interaction of ribosomal protein S27a (RPS27a) and RPL11. Co-immunoprecipitation and in vitro ubiquitination assays were used to detect the effects of knockdown of RPS27a on the interaction between RPS27a and RPL11, and on p53 accumulation. Cell cycle, apoptosis, cell invasion and migration, cell viability and colony-formation assays were performed in the presence of knockdown of RPS27a. The RPS27a mRNA expression in LUAD was analyzed on the basis of the TCGA dataset, and RPS27a expression was detected through immunohistochemistry in LUAD samples. Finally, RPS27a and p53 expression was analyzed through immunohistochemistry in A549 cell xenografts with knockdown of RPS27a. Results RPS27a was identified as a novel RPL11 binding protein. GST pull-down assays revealed that RPS27a directly bound RPL11. Knockdown of RPS27a weakened the interaction between RPS27a and RPL11, but enhanced the binding of RPL11 and murine double minute 2 (MDM2), thereby inhibiting the ubiquitination and degradation of p53 by MDM2. Knockdown of RPS27a stabilized p53 in an RPL11-dependent manner and induced cell viability inhibition, cell cycle arrest and apoptosis in a p53-dependent manner in A549 cells. The expression of RPS27a was upregulated in LUAD and correlated with LUAD progression and poorer prognosis. Overexpression of RPS27a correlated with upregulation of p53, MDM2 and RPL11 in LUAD clinical specimens. Knockdown of RPS27a increased p53 activation, thus, suppressing the formation of A549 cell xenografts in nude mice. Conclusions RPS27a interacts with RPL11, and RPS27a knockdown enhanced the binding of RPL11 and MDM2, thereby inhibiting MDM2-mediated p53 ubiquitination and degradation; in addition, RPS27a as important roles in LUAD progression and prognosis, and may be a therapeutic target for patients with LUAD. Graphical Abstract ![]()
Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s13046-021-02230-z.
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Zhang Y, Chen K, Li L, Mao W, Shen D, Yao N, Zhang L. CCR4 is a prognostic biomarker and correlated with immune infiltrates in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma. ANNALS OF TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE 2021; 9:1443. [PMID: 34733995 PMCID: PMC8506764 DOI: 10.21037/atm-21-3936] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2021] [Accepted: 09/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Background Increased evidence has indicated that the tumour microenvironment plays an essential in the development, treatment and prognosis of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSC). Recent studies have indicated CC chemokine receptor 4 (CCR4) plays an essential role in tumor invasion and other adverse biological behavior. This study used data from the Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database to explore the role of CCR4 in HNSC and its clinical significance. Methods The gene expression and clinical data of HNSC patients in the TCGA database were extracted. Gene Expression Profiling Interactive Analysis (GEPIA) was used to analyze the expression of CCR4 in tumor and non-tumor tissue. Kaplan-Meier survival analysis was used to analyze the relationship between CCR4 expression and overall survival rate (OS), disease-specific survival (DSS), and progression-free interval (PFI) in HNSC. A logistic regression model was used to analyze the relationships between various clinical factors and CCR4 expression. Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (GSEA) was used to explore the potential role of CCR4 in HNSC. Additionally, we explored the relationship between CCR4 and immune infiltration. Results The expression of CCR4 in HNSC was not significantly different from that in normal tissue. The expression level of CCR4 in wild-type TP53 was higher than that in mutant TP53. Cox regression analysis showed the expression level of CCR4 was related to the patient's tumor grade and Tumor-Node-Metastasis (TNM) stage. CCR4 expression level is an independent prognostic factor. CCR4 is positively correlated with immune infiltration and immune checkpoints expression levels. The results of GSEA revealed that the high CCR4 expression group genes were enriched in allograft rejection, inflammatory response, IL-6/JAK/STAT3 signaling, interferon gamma response, and KRAS signaling up. Low CCR4 expression group genes were enriched in oxidative phosphorylation, MYC targets v1, DNA repair, reactive oxygen species pathway, and P53 pathway. Further, our study indicated CCR4 can also predict the prognosis of radiotherapy patients. Conclusions Our study found that CCR4 was a prognostic marker related to HNSC immune infiltration, and patients with high expression of CCR4 had a better prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yijian Zhang
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Kai Chen
- Department of Radiotherapy, First People's Hospital of Yancheng, Yancheng, China
| | - Li Li
- Department of Oncology, Huaian Hospital, Huai'an, China
| | - Weidong Mao
- Department of Oncology, Jiangyin People's Hospital, Wuxi, China
| | - Dong Shen
- Department of Oncology, Jiangyin People's Hospital, Wuxi, China
| | - Ninghua Yao
- Department of Oncology, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Lei Zhang
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
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Jung JH, Lee D, Ko HM, Jang HJ. Inhibition of CNOT2 Induces Apoptosis via MID1IP1 in Colorectal Cancer Cells by Activating p53. Biomolecules 2021; 11:biom11101492. [PMID: 34680125 PMCID: PMC8533695 DOI: 10.3390/biom11101492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2021] [Revised: 10/08/2021] [Accepted: 10/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
CCR4-NOT transcription complex subunit 2 (CNOT2), a subunit of the CCR4-NOT complex, has been described in cancer progression. The CNOT complex plays an important role in multiple cellular functions. Recent studies in our laboratory showed that CNOT2 promotes breast cancer cell proliferation and angiogenesis. In addition, CNOT2 signals are critically related to apoptosis induced by atorvastatin in lung cancer cells. Furthermore, depletion of CNOT2 was shown to enhance the antitumor effect of midline 1 interacting protein 1 (MID1IP1) depletion, thus inhibiting c-Myc expression in liver cancer cells. However, the molecular mechanisms related to its oncogenic role remain unclear. Herein, for the first time, we report that CNOT2 inhibition can induce apoptosis in colorectal cancer cells by activating p53. Inhibition of CNOT2 markedly induced apoptosis in various cancer cells like that of the wild-type p53. Furthermore, inhibition of CNOT2 elongated p53 s half-life. Previously, our laboratory demonstrated that MID1IP1 promoted colocalization with c-Myc mediated by CNOT2. Interestingly, inhibition of CNOT2 cannot induce p53 expression without MID1IP1 or apoptosis in cancer cells. In conclusion, our results demonstrate that CNOT2 inhibition induces apoptosis through MID1IP1 by activating p53.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji Hoon Jung
- College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Korea; (H.M.K.); (H.-J.J.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +82-2-961-2171
| | - Duckgue Lee
- Soonchunhyang Institute of Medi-bio Science (SIMS), Soonchunhyang University, Cheonan-si 31151, Korea;
| | - Hyun Min Ko
- College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Korea; (H.M.K.); (H.-J.J.)
| | - Hyeung-Jin Jang
- College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Korea; (H.M.K.); (H.-J.J.)
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Xia L, Wang Z, Wu X, Zeng T, Luo W, Hu X, Ni Y, Che G, Liu L, Zhang W, Xie D, Li W. Multiplatform discovery and regulatory function analysis of structural variations in non-small cell lung carcinoma. Cell Rep 2021; 36:109660. [PMID: 34496260 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2021.109660] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2020] [Revised: 06/06/2021] [Accepted: 08/11/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Non-small cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC), the most common form of lung cancer, is the leading cause of cancer-related death worldwide. We perform whole-genome sequencing (WGS) on samples from 43 primary patients with NSCLC and matched normal samples and analyze their matched open chromatin data and transcriptome data. Our results indicate that next-generation sequencing (NGS) and the Bionano Genomics (BNG) platform should be viewed as complementary technologies in terms of structural variations detection. By creating a framework integrating these two platforms, we detect high-technical-confidence somatic structural variations (SVs) in NSCLC cases, which could aid in the efficient investigation of new candidate oncogenes, such as TRIO and SESTD1. Our findings highlight the impact of somatic SVs on NSCLC oncogenesis and lay a foundation for exploring associations among somatic SVs, gene expression, and regulatory networks in patients with NSCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Xia
- Frontier Science Center for Disease Molecular Network, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No. 17 People's South Road, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - Zhoufeng Wang
- Frontier Science Center for Disease Molecular Network, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No. 17 People's South Road, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China; Precision Medicine Research Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No. 37 Guoxue Alley, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China; The Research Units of West China, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, West China Hospital, No. 37 Guoxue Alley, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - Xinyue Wu
- Frontier Science Center for Disease Molecular Network, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No. 17 People's South Road, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - Tianfu Zeng
- Frontier Science Center for Disease Molecular Network, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No. 17 People's South Road, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - Wenxin Luo
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No. 37 Guoxue Alley, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - Xinlei Hu
- Frontier Science Center for Disease Molecular Network, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No. 17 People's South Road, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - Yinyun Ni
- Precision Medicine Research Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No. 37 Guoxue Alley, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - Guowei Che
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No. 37 Guoxue Alley, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - Lunxu Liu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No. 37 Guoxue Alley, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Shanghai Changhai Hospital, the Second Military Medical University, No. 168 Changhai Road, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Dan Xie
- Frontier Science Center for Disease Molecular Network, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No. 17 People's South Road, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China; Precision Medicine Research Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No. 37 Guoxue Alley, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China.
| | - Weimin Li
- Frontier Science Center for Disease Molecular Network, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No. 17 People's South Road, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China; Precision Medicine Research Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No. 37 Guoxue Alley, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China; Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No. 37 Guoxue Alley, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China; The Research Units of West China, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, West China Hospital, No. 37 Guoxue Alley, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China.
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Shen Y, Li L, Lu Y, Zhang M, Huang X, Tang X. Establishment and Validation of a Comprehensive Prognostic Model for Patients With HNSCC Metastasis. Front Genet 2021; 12:685104. [PMID: 34322156 PMCID: PMC8312248 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2021.685104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2021] [Accepted: 06/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective To identify biomarkers related to head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) metastasis and establish a prognostic model for patients with HNSCC. Methods HNSCC mRNA expression data of metastasis and non-metastatic samples were downloaded from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) databases. After screening the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in the two datasets, a prognostic model, including clinical factors and biomarkers, was established, and verified in 36 samples of HNSCC by quantitative real-time transcription (qRT)-PCR. Gene Ontology (GO), Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG), and Gene sets enrichment analysis (GSEA) were consulted to explore the functions of the DEGs. Results In total, 108 DEGs were identified. GSEA, GO, and KEGG analyses showed that these DEGs were mainly involved in the proliferation and metastasis of HNSCC. Six genes that were significantly related to metastasis, immune cell infiltration and prognosis were further identified to construct a prognostic gene signature. The reliability of the gene signature was verified in 36 samples of HNSCC. A prognostic model, including tumor stage, risk level, and a nomogram for prediction were further established. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis, decision curve analysis (DCA), C-index, and calibration plots showed that the model and nomogram perform well. Conclusion We constructed a six-gene signature and a nomogram with high performance in predicting the prognosis of patients with HNSCC metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yajun Shen
- Division of Oral Pathology, Beijing Institute of Dental Research, Beijing Stomatological Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Lingyu Li
- Division of Oral Pathology, Beijing Institute of Dental Research, Beijing Stomatological Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Yunping Lu
- Division of Oral Pathology, Beijing Institute of Dental Research, Beijing Stomatological Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Min Zhang
- Division of Oral Pathology, Beijing Institute of Dental Research, Beijing Stomatological Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Xin Huang
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Beijing Stomatological Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaofei Tang
- Division of Oral Pathology, Beijing Institute of Dental Research, Beijing Stomatological Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
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Zhou H, Yuan Y, Qian H. Expression of STAT3 and vasculogenic mimicry in gallbladder carcinoma promotes invasion and metastasis. Exp Ther Med 2021; 22:738. [PMID: 34055055 PMCID: PMC8138270 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2021.10170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2020] [Accepted: 04/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Surgical treatment of gallbladder carcinoma remains challenging, while targeted therapy has been demonstrated to have potential. In the present study, the effect of signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) expression and vasculogenic mimicry (VM) on the occurrence and development of gallbladder carcinoma was evaluated. A total of 72 patients with gallbladder carcinoma and 10 patients with chronic cholecystitis were examined. Immunohistochemical staining was performed to determine the positive expression rates of STAT3. Periodic acid Schiff CD34 double staining was performed to detect VM in the gallbladder carcinoma group. STAT3 expression and VM in gallbladder carcinoma tissues was compared among patients with different clinical characteristics. In postoperative patients with gallbladder cancer, the relationship of the postoperative recurrence time with STAT3 expression and VM was assessed. STAT3 expression in gallbladder carcinoma tissue was significantly higher than that in cholecystitis tissue (P<0.05). STAT3 expression levels and VM were positively correlated in gallbladder carcinoma tissue. STAT3 protein expression in gallbladder carcinoma tissues differed significantly among patients with different degrees of differentiation and clinical stages (P<0.05). Among the 51 patients who completed the 3-year follow-up, the mean time to relapse was 17.353 and 35.647 months in those with high and low STAT3 expression, respectively, with significant differences (P<0.05). The VM structure was detected in 47 cases (92.15%) and not detected in four cases (7.84%), which exhibited no immediate recurrence after surgery, and the difference in the mean postoperative recurrence time was significant (22.38 vs. 36.00 months, respectively; P<0.05). In gallbladder carcinoma tissues, a lower degree of differentiation, higher malignancy degree and higher clinical stage were associated with higher expression of STAT3 and VM. Thus, STAT3 may promote VM formation in the process of tumor occurrence, development and metastasis. Therefore, STAT3 as a regulatory target, may inhibit the proliferation and invasion of tumor cells and block the development of VM, thereby representing a suitable target for antitumor angiogenesis therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongbing Zhou
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215006, P.R. China.,Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of The Medical School of Nantong University, Taizhou, Jiangsu 225300, P.R. China
| | - Yin Yuan
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of The Medical School of Nantong University, Taizhou, Jiangsu 225300, P.R. China
| | - Haixin Qian
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215006, P.R. China
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Song XH, Liao XY, Zheng XY, Liu JQ, Zhang ZW, Zhang LN, Yan YB. Human Ccr4 and Caf1 Deadenylases Regulate Proliferation and Tumorigenicity of Human Gastric Cancer Cells via Modulating Cell Cycle Progression. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13040834. [PMID: 33671234 PMCID: PMC7922635 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13040834] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2021] [Revised: 02/06/2021] [Accepted: 02/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Cancer cells generally reprogram their gene expression profiles to satisfy continuous growth, proliferation, and metastasis. Most eukaryotic mRNAs are degraded in a deadenylation-dependent pathway, in which deadenylases are the key enzymes. We found that human Ccr4 (hCcr4a/b) and Caf1 (hCaf1a/b), the dominant cytosolic deadenylases, were dysregulated in several types of cancers including stomach adenocarcinoma. Stably knocking down hCaf1a/b or hCcr4a/b blocks cell cycle progression by enhancing the levels of cell cycle inhibitors and by inhibiting the formation of processing bodies, which are cytosolic foci involved in mRNA metabolism. More importantly, depletion of hCaf1a/b or hCcr4a/b dramatically inhibits cell proliferation and tumorigenicity. Our results suggest that perturbating global RNA metabolism may provide a potential novel strategy for cancer treatment. Abstract Cancer cells generally have reprogrammed gene expression profiles to meet the requirements of survival, continuous division, and metastasis. An interesting question is whether the cancer cells will be affected by interfering their global RNA metabolism. In this research, we found that human Ccr4a/b (hCcr4a/b) and Caf1a/b (hCaf1a/b) deadenylases, the catalytic components of the Ccr4-Not complex, were dysregulated in several types of cancers including stomach adenocarcinoma. The impacts of the four deadenylases on cancer cell growth were studied by the establishment of four stable MKN28 cell lines with the knockdown of hCcr4a/b or hCaf1a/b or transient knockdown in several cell lines. Depletion of hCcr4a/b or hCaf1a/b significantly inhibited cell proliferation and tumorigenicity. Mechanistic studies indicated that the cells were arrested at the G2/M phase by knocking down hCaf1a, while arrested at the G0/G1 phase by depleting hCaf1b or hCcr4a/b. The four enzymes did not affect the levels of CDKs and cyclins but modulated the levels of CDK–cyclin inhibitors. We identified that hCcr4a/b, but not hCaf1a/b, targeted the p21 mRNA in the MKN28 cells. Furthermore, depletion of any one of the four deadenylases dramatically impaired processing-body formation in the MKN28 and HEK-293T cells. Our results highlight that perturbating global RNA metabolism may severely affect cancer cell proliferation, which provides a potential novel strategy for cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Hui Song
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China; (X.-H.S.); (X.-Y.L.); (X.-Y.Z.); (J.-Q.L.); (Z.-W.Z.)
| | - Xiao-Yan Liao
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China; (X.-H.S.); (X.-Y.L.); (X.-Y.Z.); (J.-Q.L.); (Z.-W.Z.)
| | - Xu-Ying Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China; (X.-H.S.); (X.-Y.L.); (X.-Y.Z.); (J.-Q.L.); (Z.-W.Z.)
| | - Jia-Qian Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China; (X.-H.S.); (X.-Y.L.); (X.-Y.Z.); (J.-Q.L.); (Z.-W.Z.)
| | - Zhe-Wei Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China; (X.-H.S.); (X.-Y.L.); (X.-Y.Z.); (J.-Q.L.); (Z.-W.Z.)
| | - Li-Na Zhang
- College of Life Science and Chemistry, Faculty of Environment and Life, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China
- Correspondence: (L.-N.Z.); (Y.-B.Y.); Tel.: +86-10-6739-6342 (L.-N.Z.); +86-10-6278-3477 (Y.-B.Y.)
| | - Yong-Bin Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China; (X.-H.S.); (X.-Y.L.); (X.-Y.Z.); (J.-Q.L.); (Z.-W.Z.)
- Correspondence: (L.-N.Z.); (Y.-B.Y.); Tel.: +86-10-6739-6342 (L.-N.Z.); +86-10-6278-3477 (Y.-B.Y.)
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He C, Qin H, Tang H, Yang D, Li Y, Huang Z, Zhang D, Lv C. Comprehensive bioinformatics analysis of the TP53 signaling pathway in Wilms' tumor. ANNALS OF TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE 2020; 8:1228. [PMID: 33178760 PMCID: PMC7607069 DOI: 10.21037/atm-20-6047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Background Differential expression of tumor protein 53 (TP53, or p53) has been observed in multiple cancers. However, the expression levels and prognostic role of TP53 signaling pathway genes in Wilms' tumor (WT) have yet to be fully explored. Methods The expression levels of TP53 signaling pathway genes including TP53, mouse double minute 2 (MDM2), mouse double minute 4 (MDM4), cyclin-dependent kinase 2A (CDKN2A), cyclin-dependent kinase 2B (CDKN2B), and tumor suppressor p53-binding protein 1 (TP53BP1) in WT were analyzed using the Oncomine database. Aberration types, co-mutations, mutation locations, signaling pathways, and the prognostic role of TP53 in WT were investigated using cBioPortal. MicroRNA (miRNA) and transcription factor (TF) targets were identified with miRTarBase, miWalk, and ChIP-X Enrichment Analysis 3 (CheA3), respectively. A protein-protein network was constructed using GeneMANIA. The expression of TP53 signaling genes were confirmed in WT samples and normal kidney tissues using the Human Protein Atlas (HPA). Cancer Therapeutics Response Portal (CTRP) was used to analyze the small molecules potentially targeting TP53. Results TP53 was significantly expressed in the Cutcliffe Renal (P=0.010), but not in the Yusenko Renal (P=0.094). Meanwhile, MDM2 was significantly overexpressed in the Yusenko Renal (P=0.058), but not in the Cutcliffe Renal (P=0.058). The expression levels of MDM4 no significant difference between the tumor and normal tissue samples. The most common TP53 alteration was missense and the proportion of TP53 pathway-related mutations was 2.3%. Co-expressed genes included ZNF609 (zinc finger protein 609), WRAP53 (WD40-encoding RNA antisense to p53), CNOT2 (CC chemokine receptor 4-negative regulator of transcription 2), and CDH13 (cadherin 13). TP53 alterations indicated poor prognosis of WT (P=1.051e-4). The regulators of the TP53 pathway included miR-485-5p and TFs NR2F2 and KDM5B. The functions of TP53 signaling pathway were signal transduction in response to DNA damage and regulate the cell cycle. The small molecules targeting TP53 included PRIMA-1, RITA, SJ-172550, and SCH-529074. Conclusions TP53 was found to be differentially expressed in WT tissues. TP53 mutations indicated poor outcomes of WT. Therefore, pifithrin-mu, PRIMA-1, RITA, SJ-172550, and SCH-529074 could be used in combination with traditional chemotherapy to treat WT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Changjing He
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities, Baise, China
| | - Huatao Qin
- Department of Nursing, Affiliated Hospital of Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities, Baise, China
| | - Haizhou Tang
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities, Baise, China
| | - Di Yang
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities, Baise, China
| | - Yufeng Li
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities, Baise, China
| | - Zhenwen Huang
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities, Baise, China
| | - Donghu Zhang
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities, Baise, China
| | - Changheng Lv
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities, Baise, China
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Yan YB. Diverse functions of deadenylases in DNA damage response and genomic integrity. WILEY INTERDISCIPLINARY REVIEWS-RNA 2020; 12:e1621. [PMID: 32790161 DOI: 10.1002/wrna.1621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2020] [Revised: 06/25/2020] [Accepted: 06/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
DNA damage response (DDR) is a coordinated network of diverse cellular processes including the detection, signaling, and repair of DNA lesions, the adjustment of metabolic network and cell fate determination. To deal with the unavoidable DNA damage caused by either endogenous or exogenous stresses, the cells need to reshape the gene expression profile to allow efficient transcription and translation of DDR-responsive messenger RNAs (mRNAs) and to repress the nonessential mRNAs. A predominant method to adjust RNA fate is achieved by modulating the 3'-end oligo(A) or poly(A) length via the opposing actions of polyadenylation and deadenylation. Poly(A)-specific ribonuclease (PARN) and the carbon catabolite repressor 4 (CCR4)-Not complex, the major executors of deadenylation, are indispensable to DDR and genomic integrity in eukaryotic cells. PARN modulates cell cycle progression by regulating the stabilities of mRNAs and microRNA (miRNAs) involved in the p53 pathway and contributes to genomic stability by affecting the biogenesis of noncoding RNAs including miRNAs and telomeric RNA. The CCR4-Not complex is involved in diverse pathways of DDR including transcriptional regulation, signaling pathways, mRNA stabilities, translation regulation, and protein degradation. The RNA targets of deadenylases are tuned by the DDR signaling pathways, while in turn the deadenylases can regulate the levels of DNA damage-responsive proteins. The mutual feedback between deadenylases and the DDR signaling pathways allows the cells to precisely control DDR by dynamically adjusting the levels of sensors and effectors of the DDR signaling pathways. Here, the diverse functions of deadenylases in DDR are summarized and the underlying mechanisms are proposed according to recent findings. This article is categorized under: RNA Processing > 3' End Processing RNA in Disease and Development > RNA in Disease RNA Turnover and Surveillance > Turnover/Surveillance Mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong-Bin Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
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Jung JH, Lee HJ, Kim JH, Sim DY, Im E, Kim S, Chang S, Kim SH. Colocalization of MID1IP1 and c-Myc is Critically Involved in Liver Cancer Growth via Regulation of Ribosomal Protein L5 and L11 and CNOT2. Cells 2020; 9:cells9040985. [PMID: 32316188 PMCID: PMC7227012 DOI: 10.3390/cells9040985] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2020] [Revised: 04/01/2020] [Accepted: 04/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Though midline1 interacting protein 1 (MID1IP1) was known as one of the glucose-responsive genes regulated by carbohydrate response element binding protein (ChREBP), the underlying mechanisms for its oncogenic role were never explored. Thus, in the present study, the underlying molecular mechanism of MID1P1 was elucidated mainly in HepG2 and Huh7 hepatocellular carcinoma cells (HCCs). MID1IP1 was highly expressed in HepG2, Huh7, SK-Hep1, PLC/PRF5, and immortalized hepatocyte LX-2 cells more than in normal hepatocyte AML-12 cells. MID1IP1 depletion reduced the viability and the number of colonies and also increased sub G1 population and the number of TUNEL-positive cells in HepG2 and Huh7 cells. Consistently, MID1IP1 depletion attenuated pro-poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (pro-PARP), c-Myc and activated p21, while MID1IP1 overexpression activated c-Myc and reduced p21. Furthermore, MID1IP1 depletion synergistically attenuated c-Myc stability in HepG2 and Huh7 cells. Of note, MID1IP1 depletion upregulated the expression of ribosomal protein L5 or L11, while loss of L5 or L11 rescued c-Myc in MID1IP1 depleted HepG2 and Huh7 cells. Interestingly, tissue array showed that the overexpression of MID1IP1 was colocalized with c-Myc in human HCC tissues, which was verified in HepG2 and Huh7 cells by Immunofluorescence. Notably, depletion of CCR4-NOT2 (CNOT2) with adipogenic activity enhanced the antitumor effect of MID1IP1 depletion to reduce c-Myc, procaspase 3 and pro-PARP in HepG2, Huh7 and HCT116 cells. Overall, these findings provide novel insight that MID1IP1 promotes the growth of liver cancer via colocalization with c-Myc mediated by ribosomal proteins L5 and L11 and CNOT2 as a potent oncogenic molecule.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji Hoon Jung
- Cancer Molecular Targeted Herbal Research Laboratory, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, 26 Kyungheedae-ro, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul 02447, Korea; (J.H.J.); (H.-J.L.); (J.-H.K.); (D.Y.S.); (E.I.)
| | - Hyo-Jung Lee
- Cancer Molecular Targeted Herbal Research Laboratory, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, 26 Kyungheedae-ro, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul 02447, Korea; (J.H.J.); (H.-J.L.); (J.-H.K.); (D.Y.S.); (E.I.)
| | - Ju-Ha Kim
- Cancer Molecular Targeted Herbal Research Laboratory, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, 26 Kyungheedae-ro, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul 02447, Korea; (J.H.J.); (H.-J.L.); (J.-H.K.); (D.Y.S.); (E.I.)
| | - Deok Yong Sim
- Cancer Molecular Targeted Herbal Research Laboratory, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, 26 Kyungheedae-ro, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul 02447, Korea; (J.H.J.); (H.-J.L.); (J.-H.K.); (D.Y.S.); (E.I.)
| | - Eunji Im
- Cancer Molecular Targeted Herbal Research Laboratory, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, 26 Kyungheedae-ro, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul 02447, Korea; (J.H.J.); (H.-J.L.); (J.-H.K.); (D.Y.S.); (E.I.)
| | - Sinae Kim
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Ulsan, College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul 05505, Korea; (S.K.); (S.C.)
| | - Suhwan Chang
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Ulsan, College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul 05505, Korea; (S.K.); (S.C.)
| | - Sung-Hoon Kim
- Cancer Molecular Targeted Herbal Research Laboratory, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, 26 Kyungheedae-ro, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul 02447, Korea; (J.H.J.); (H.-J.L.); (J.-H.K.); (D.Y.S.); (E.I.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +82-2-961-9233
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Cui N, Lin DD, Shen Y, Shi JG, Wang B, Zhao MZ, Zheng L, Chen H, Shi JH. Triphenylethylene-Coumarin Hybrid TCH-5c Suppresses Tumorigenic Progression in Breast Cancer Mainly Through the Inhibition of Angiogenesis. Anticancer Agents Med Chem 2020; 19:1253-1261. [PMID: 30947677 DOI: 10.2174/1871520619666190404155230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2019] [Revised: 03/10/2019] [Accepted: 03/15/2019] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Coumarins are a wide group of naturally occurring compounds which exhibit a wide range of biological properties such as anti-cancer activities. Here, we characterized the biological functions of three Triphenylethylene-Coumarin Hybrids (TCHs) both in cell culture and nude mouse model. METHODS Cell proliferation assay was performed in the cell cultures of both EA.hy926 endothelial cell and breast cancer cell lines treated with different concentrations of compound TCH-10b, TCH-5a and TCH-5c. Flowcytometry assay and Western blotting were used to further investigate the effect and mechanism of TCH-5c on EA.hy926 cell proliferation and cell cycle. The effects of TCH-5c on endothelial cell migration and angiogenesis were determined using cytoskeleton staining, migration assay and tube formation assay. Inhibition of breast cancer cell line derived VEGF by TCH-5c was shown through ELISA and the use of conditioned media. SK-BR-3 xenograft mouse model was established to further study the anti-tumorigenic role of compound TCH-5c in vivo. RESULTS We found that compound TCH-5c has inhibitory effects on both vascular endothelial cells and breast cancer cell lines. Compound TCH-5c inhibited proliferation, resulted in cell death, increased p21 protein expression to induce G0/G1 arrest and changed endothelial cell cytoskeleton organization and migration in EA.hy926 endothelial cells. Compound TCH-5c also inhibited breast cancer cell line derived VEGF secretion, decreased breast cancer cell-induced endothelial cell tube formation in vitro and suppressed SK-BR-3 breast cancer cell-initiated tumor formation in vivo. CONCLUSION Our study demonstrates that the coumarin derivative TCH-5c exerts its anti-cancer effects by 1. inhibiting endothelial cell proliferation, migration. 2. suppressing tube formation and angiogenesis induced by breast cancer cells in vitro and in vivo. Our results have potential implications in developing new approaches against breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naipeng Cui
- Department of Breast Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Hebei University, Baoding 071000, China
| | - Dan-Dan Lin
- Central Laboratory, Hebei Key Laboratory of Cancer Radiotherapy and Chemotherapy, Affiliated Hospital of Hebei University and Medical College of Hebei University, Baoding 071000, China
| | - Yang Shen
- Central Laboratory, Hebei Key Laboratory of Cancer Radiotherapy and Chemotherapy, Affiliated Hospital of Hebei University and Medical College of Hebei University, Baoding 071000, China
| | - Jian-Guo Shi
- Department of Urinary Surgery, Chinese People's Liberation Army No.252 Hospital, Baoding 071000, China
| | - Bing Wang
- Central Laboratory, Hebei Key Laboratory of Cancer Radiotherapy and Chemotherapy, Affiliated Hospital of Hebei University and Medical College of Hebei University, Baoding 071000, China
| | - Ming-Zhi Zhao
- Central Laboratory, Hebei Key Laboratory of Cancer Radiotherapy and Chemotherapy, Affiliated Hospital of Hebei University and Medical College of Hebei University, Baoding 071000, China
| | - Lishuang Zheng
- Central Laboratory, Hebei Key Laboratory of Cancer Radiotherapy and Chemotherapy, Affiliated Hospital of Hebei University and Medical College of Hebei University, Baoding 071000, China
| | - Hua Chen
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology of Hebei Province, College of Chemistry and Environmental Science, Hebei University, Baoding 071000, China
| | - Jian-Hong Shi
- Central Laboratory, Hebei Key Laboratory of Cancer Radiotherapy and Chemotherapy, Affiliated Hospital of Hebei University and Medical College of Hebei University, Baoding 071000, China
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Ku X, Sun Q, Zhu L, Gu Z, Han Y, Xu N, Meng C, Yang X, Yan W, Fang W. Deciphering tissue-based proteome signatures revealed novel subtyping and prognostic markers for thymic epithelial tumors. Mol Oncol 2020; 14:721-741. [PMID: 31967407 PMCID: PMC7138395 DOI: 10.1002/1878-0261.12642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2019] [Revised: 12/18/2019] [Accepted: 01/17/2020] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Thymic epithelial tumors (TETs) belong to a group of tumors that rarely occur, but have unresolved mechanisms and heterogeneous clinical behaviors. Current care of TET patients demands biomarkers of high sensitivity and specificity for accurate histological classification and prognosis management. In this study, 134 fresh‐frozen tissue samples (84 tumor, 40 tumor adjacent, and 10 normal thymus) were recruited to generate a quantitative and systematic view of proteomic landscape of TETs. Among them, 90 samples were analyzed by data‐independent acquisition mass spectrometry (DIA‐MS) leading to discovery of novel classifying molecules among different TET subtypes. The correlation between clinical outcome and the identified molecules was probed, and the prioritized proteins of interest were further validated on the remaining samples (n = 44) via parallel reaction monitoring (PRM) as well as immunohistochemical and confocal imaging analysis. In particular, two proteins, the cellular mRNA deadenylase CCR4 (carbon catabolite repressor 4)‐NOT (negative on TATA) complex subunit 2/9 (CNOT2/9) and the serine hydroxymethyltransferase that catalyzes the reversible interconversions of serine and glycine (SHMT1), were found at dramatic low levels in the thymic epithelia of more malignant subtype, thymic squamous cell carcinoma (TSCC). Interestingly, the mRNA levels of these two genes were shown to be closely correlated with prognosis of the TET patients. These results extended the existing human tissue proteome atlas and allowed us to identify several new protein classifiers for TET subtyping. Newly identified subtyping and prognosis markers, CNOT2/9 and SHMT1, will expand current diagnostic arsenal in terms of higher specificity and prognostic insights for TET diagnosis and management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Ku
- Shanghai Center for Systems Biomedicine, Key Laboratory of Systems Biomedicine (Ministry of Education), Shanghai Jiao Tong University, China
| | - Qiangling Sun
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Shanghai Chest Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, China.,Thoracic Cancer Institute, Shanghai Chest Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, China
| | - Lei Zhu
- Department of Pathology, Shanghai Chest Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, China
| | - Zhitao Gu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Shanghai Chest Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, China
| | - Yuchen Han
- Department of Pathology, Shanghai Chest Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, China
| | - Ning Xu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Shanghai Chest Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, China
| | - Chen Meng
- Bavarian Center for Biomolecular Mass Spectrometry, Technical University of Munich, Freising, Germany
| | - Xiaohua Yang
- Central Lab, Shanghai Chest Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, China
| | - Wei Yan
- Shanghai Center for Systems Biomedicine, Key Laboratory of Systems Biomedicine (Ministry of Education), Shanghai Jiao Tong University, China
| | - Wentao Fang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Shanghai Chest Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, China
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31
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Kim EO, Kang SE, Choi M, Rhee KJ, Yun M. CCR4‑NOT transcription complex subunit 2 regulates TRAIL sensitivity in non‑small‑cell lung cancer cells via the STAT3 pathway. Int J Mol Med 2019; 45:324-332. [PMID: 31894259 PMCID: PMC6984779 DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2019.4425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2019] [Accepted: 10/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
TRAIL is an attractive candidate for anticancer therapy in a variety of tumors since it targets only tumors and not normal tissue. However, a remaining major hurdle is that the majority of tumors exhibit a resistance mechanism against the effects of TRAIL via the induction of anti-apoptotic signaling pathways. In this study, we aimed to evaluate whether the modulation of CCR4-NOT transcription complex subunit 2 (CNOT2) function can promote TRAIL sensitivity in non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cells. CNOT2 depletion partially decreased colony numbers and the proliferation of NSCLC cells. When combined with TRAIL, the suppression of CNOT2 expression markedly decreased the survival rate and increased apoptosis, as compared with TRAIL treatment alone in TRAIL-resistant NSCLC cells. Of note, CNOT2 overexpression in TRAIL-sensitive H460 cells enhanced the survival rate and decreased apoptosis when compared with TRAIL treatment alone. Gene expression analysis indicated that genes involved in the signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) signaling pathway were dominantly altered in the CNOT2-depleted A549 cells. Under this condition, Src homology region 2 domain containing phosphatase-1 (SHP1) was significantly upregulated and subsequently increased apoptosis. On the whole, the findings of this study demonstrate that CNOT2 participates in TRAIL sensitivity in NSCLC cells via the regulation of the STAT3 signaling pathway, and suggest that combination therapy with CNOT2 depletion and TRAIL treatment may prove to be a useful strategy for overcoming TRAIL resistance in NSCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eun-Ok Kim
- Department of Bioindustry and Bioresource Engineering, College of Life Sciences, Sejong University, Seoul 05006, Republic of Korea
| | - Shi-Eun Kang
- Korean Medicine Clinical Trail Center, Kyung Hee University Korean Medicine Hospital, Seoul 02453, Republic of Korea
| | - Minji Choi
- Medical Science Research Institute, Kyung Hee University Medical Center, Seoul 02453, Republic of Korea
| | - Ki-Jong Rhee
- Department of Biomedical Laboratory Science, College of Health Sciences, Yonsei University at Wonju, Wonju, Gangwon‑do 26493, Republic of Korea
| | - Miyong Yun
- Department of Bioindustry and Bioresource Engineering, College of Life Sciences, Sejong University, Seoul 05006, Republic of Korea
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Padella A, Simonetti G, Paciello G, Giotopoulos G, Baldazzi C, Righi S, Ghetti M, Stengel A, Guadagnuolo V, De Tommaso R, Papayannidis C, Robustelli V, Franchini E, Ghelli Luserna di Rorà A, Ferrari A, Fontana MC, Bruno S, Ottaviani E, Soverini S, Storlazzi CT, Haferlach C, Sabattini E, Testoni N, Iacobucci I, Huntly BJP, Ficarra E, Martinelli G. Novel and Rare Fusion Transcripts Involving Transcription Factors and Tumor Suppressor Genes in Acute Myeloid Leukemia. Cancers (Basel) 2019; 11:E1951. [PMID: 31817495 PMCID: PMC6966504 DOI: 10.3390/cancers11121951] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2019] [Revised: 11/15/2019] [Accepted: 12/02/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Approximately 18% of acute myeloid leukemia (AML) cases express a fusion transcript. However, few fusions are recurrent across AML and the identification of these rare chimeras is of interest to characterize AML patients. Here, we studied the transcriptome of 8 adult AML patients with poorly described chromosomal translocation(s), with the aim of identifying novel and rare fusion transcripts. We integrated RNA-sequencing data with multiple approaches including computational analysis, Sanger sequencing, fluorescence in situ hybridization and in vitro studies to assess the oncogenic potential of the ZEB2-BCL11B chimera. We detected 7 different fusions with partner genes involving transcription factors (OAZ-MAFK, ZEB2-BCL11B), tumor suppressors (SAV1-GYPB, PUF60-TYW1, CNOT2-WT1) and rearrangements associated with the loss of NF1 (CPD-PXT1, UTP6-CRLF3). Notably, ZEB2-BCL11B rearrangements co-occurred with FLT3 mutations and were associated with a poorly differentiated or mixed phenotype leukemia. Although the fusion alone did not transform murine c-Kit+ bone marrow cells, 45.4% of 14q32 non-rearranged AML cases were also BCL11B-positive, suggesting a more general and complex mechanism of leukemogenesis associated with BCL11B expression. Overall, by combining different approaches, we described rare fusion events contributing to the complexity of AML and we linked the expression of some chimeras to genomic alterations hitting known genes in AML.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonella Padella
- Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Speciality Medicine, University of Bologna, 40138 Bologna, Italy; (A.P.); (S.R.); (V.G.); (R.D.T.); (C.P.); (V.R.); (M.C.F.); (S.B.); (E.O.); (S.S.); (E.S.); (N.T.)
| | - Giorgia Simonetti
- Istituto Scientifico Romagnolo per lo Studio e la Cura dei Tumori (IRST) IRCCS, 47014 Meldola (FC), Italy; (G.S.); (M.G.); (E.F.); (A.G.L.d.R.); (A.F.)
| | - Giulia Paciello
- Department of Control and Computer Engineering DAUIN, Politecnico di Torino, 10129 Turin, Italy; (G.P.); (E.F.)
| | - George Giotopoulos
- Wellcome Trust-Medical Research Council Cambridge Stem Cell Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 1TN, UK; (G.G.); (B.J.P.H.)
- Department of Haematology, Cambridge Institute for Medical Research and Addenbrooke’s Hospital, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0XY, UK
| | - Carmen Baldazzi
- Institute of Hematology “L. and A. Seràgnoli”, Sant’Orsola-Malpighi University Hospital, 40138 Bologna, Italy;
| | - Simona Righi
- Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Speciality Medicine, University of Bologna, 40138 Bologna, Italy; (A.P.); (S.R.); (V.G.); (R.D.T.); (C.P.); (V.R.); (M.C.F.); (S.B.); (E.O.); (S.S.); (E.S.); (N.T.)
| | - Martina Ghetti
- Istituto Scientifico Romagnolo per lo Studio e la Cura dei Tumori (IRST) IRCCS, 47014 Meldola (FC), Italy; (G.S.); (M.G.); (E.F.); (A.G.L.d.R.); (A.F.)
| | - Anna Stengel
- MLL-Munich Leukemia Laboratory, 81377 Munich, Germany; (A.S.); (C.H.)
| | - Viviana Guadagnuolo
- Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Speciality Medicine, University of Bologna, 40138 Bologna, Italy; (A.P.); (S.R.); (V.G.); (R.D.T.); (C.P.); (V.R.); (M.C.F.); (S.B.); (E.O.); (S.S.); (E.S.); (N.T.)
| | - Rossella De Tommaso
- Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Speciality Medicine, University of Bologna, 40138 Bologna, Italy; (A.P.); (S.R.); (V.G.); (R.D.T.); (C.P.); (V.R.); (M.C.F.); (S.B.); (E.O.); (S.S.); (E.S.); (N.T.)
| | - Cristina Papayannidis
- Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Speciality Medicine, University of Bologna, 40138 Bologna, Italy; (A.P.); (S.R.); (V.G.); (R.D.T.); (C.P.); (V.R.); (M.C.F.); (S.B.); (E.O.); (S.S.); (E.S.); (N.T.)
| | - Valentina Robustelli
- Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Speciality Medicine, University of Bologna, 40138 Bologna, Italy; (A.P.); (S.R.); (V.G.); (R.D.T.); (C.P.); (V.R.); (M.C.F.); (S.B.); (E.O.); (S.S.); (E.S.); (N.T.)
| | - Eugenia Franchini
- Istituto Scientifico Romagnolo per lo Studio e la Cura dei Tumori (IRST) IRCCS, 47014 Meldola (FC), Italy; (G.S.); (M.G.); (E.F.); (A.G.L.d.R.); (A.F.)
| | - Andrea Ghelli Luserna di Rorà
- Istituto Scientifico Romagnolo per lo Studio e la Cura dei Tumori (IRST) IRCCS, 47014 Meldola (FC), Italy; (G.S.); (M.G.); (E.F.); (A.G.L.d.R.); (A.F.)
| | - Anna Ferrari
- Istituto Scientifico Romagnolo per lo Studio e la Cura dei Tumori (IRST) IRCCS, 47014 Meldola (FC), Italy; (G.S.); (M.G.); (E.F.); (A.G.L.d.R.); (A.F.)
| | - Maria Chiara Fontana
- Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Speciality Medicine, University of Bologna, 40138 Bologna, Italy; (A.P.); (S.R.); (V.G.); (R.D.T.); (C.P.); (V.R.); (M.C.F.); (S.B.); (E.O.); (S.S.); (E.S.); (N.T.)
| | - Samantha Bruno
- Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Speciality Medicine, University of Bologna, 40138 Bologna, Italy; (A.P.); (S.R.); (V.G.); (R.D.T.); (C.P.); (V.R.); (M.C.F.); (S.B.); (E.O.); (S.S.); (E.S.); (N.T.)
| | - Emanuela Ottaviani
- Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Speciality Medicine, University of Bologna, 40138 Bologna, Italy; (A.P.); (S.R.); (V.G.); (R.D.T.); (C.P.); (V.R.); (M.C.F.); (S.B.); (E.O.); (S.S.); (E.S.); (N.T.)
| | - Simona Soverini
- Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Speciality Medicine, University of Bologna, 40138 Bologna, Italy; (A.P.); (S.R.); (V.G.); (R.D.T.); (C.P.); (V.R.); (M.C.F.); (S.B.); (E.O.); (S.S.); (E.S.); (N.T.)
| | | | - Claudia Haferlach
- MLL-Munich Leukemia Laboratory, 81377 Munich, Germany; (A.S.); (C.H.)
| | - Elena Sabattini
- Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Speciality Medicine, University of Bologna, 40138 Bologna, Italy; (A.P.); (S.R.); (V.G.); (R.D.T.); (C.P.); (V.R.); (M.C.F.); (S.B.); (E.O.); (S.S.); (E.S.); (N.T.)
| | - Nicoletta Testoni
- Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Speciality Medicine, University of Bologna, 40138 Bologna, Italy; (A.P.); (S.R.); (V.G.); (R.D.T.); (C.P.); (V.R.); (M.C.F.); (S.B.); (E.O.); (S.S.); (E.S.); (N.T.)
| | - Ilaria Iacobucci
- Department of Pathology, St. Jude Children’s Research Hospital, Memphis, TN 38105, USA;
| | - Brian J. P. Huntly
- Wellcome Trust-Medical Research Council Cambridge Stem Cell Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 1TN, UK; (G.G.); (B.J.P.H.)
- Department of Haematology, Cambridge Institute for Medical Research and Addenbrooke’s Hospital, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0XY, UK
| | - Elisa Ficarra
- Department of Control and Computer Engineering DAUIN, Politecnico di Torino, 10129 Turin, Italy; (G.P.); (E.F.)
| | - Giovanni Martinelli
- Istituto Scientifico Romagnolo per lo Studio e la Cura dei Tumori (IRST) IRCCS, 47014 Meldola (FC), Italy; (G.S.); (M.G.); (E.F.); (A.G.L.d.R.); (A.F.)
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Chang NW, Huang YP. The RNA degradation pathway is involved in PPARα-modulated anti-oral tumorigenesis. Biomedicine (Taipei) 2019; 9:27. [PMID: 31724941 PMCID: PMC6855187 DOI: 10.1051/bmdcn/2019090427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2019] [Accepted: 10/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: The activation of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha (PPARα) has been shown to reprogram tumor metabolism and exhibits great potential for treating anti-oral tumorigenesis. Methods: In this study, we used a pathway-based strategy to explore possible functional pathways involved in the anticancer activity of PPARα in oral cancer cells through next-generation sequencing (NGS) and bioinformatic approaches. Results: We found that 3919 genes were upregulated and 1060 genes were downregulated through PPARα activation. These genes were mainly involved in the proteasomal, mRNA surveillance, spliceosomal, RNA transport, and RNA degradation pathways, as indicated by GO and KEGG enrichment analysis. Importantly, a total of 13 upregulated genes in the RNA degradation pathway were identified including 3 core exosome factor genes (RRP43, RRP42, and CSL4), 2 TRAMP complex genes (TRF4 and Mtr4), 2 exosome cofactor genes (RRP6 and MPP6), 2 CCR4-NOT complex genes (CNOT2 and CNOT3), 2 Ski complex genes (SKI2 and Ski3), 1 decapping complex gene (EDC4), and 1 gene involved in 5’ exoribonuclease activity (XRN1). Conclusion: Our findings suggest that the activation of PPARα to upregulate the RNA degradation pathway might provide a new strategy for oral cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nai-Wen Chang
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung 404, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Ping Huang
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung 404, Taiwan
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Lee J, Jung JH, Hwang J, Park JE, Kim JH, Park WY, Suh JY, Kim SH. CNOT2 Is Critically Involved in Atorvastatin Induced Apoptotic and Autophagic Cell Death in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancers. Cancers (Basel) 2019; 11:cancers11101470. [PMID: 31574980 PMCID: PMC6826547 DOI: 10.3390/cancers11101470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2019] [Revised: 09/23/2019] [Accepted: 09/26/2019] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Though Atorvastatin has been used as a hypolipidemic agent, its anticancer mechanisms for repurposing are not fully understood so far. Thus, in the current study, its apoptotic and autophagic mechanisms were investigated in non-small cell lung cancers (NSCLCs). Atorvastatin increased cytotoxicity, sub G1 population, the number of apoptotic bodies, cleaved poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) and caspase 3 and activated p53 in H1299, H596, and H460 cells. Notably, Atorvastatin inhibited the expression of c-Myc and induced ribosomal protein L5 and L11, but depletion of L5 reduced PARP cleavages induced by Atorvastatin rather than L11 in H1299 cells. Also, Atorvastatin increased autophagy microtubule-associated protein 1A/1B-light chain 3II (LC3 II) conversion, p62/sequestosome 1 (SQSTM1) accumulation with increased number of LC3II puncta in H1299 cells. However, late stage autophagy inhibitor chloroquine (CQ) increased cytotoxicity in Atorvastatin treated H1299 cells compared to early stage autophagy inhibitor 3-methyladenine (3-MA). Furthermore, autophagic flux assay using RFP-GFP-LC3 constructs and Lysotracker Red or acridine orange-staining demonstrated that autophagosome-lysosome fusion is blocked by Atorvastatin treatment in H1299 cells. Conversely, overexpression of CCR4-NOT transcription complex subunit 2(CNOT2) weakly reversed the ability of Atorvastatin to increase cytotoxicity, sub G1 population, cleavages of PARP and caspase 3, LC3II conversion and p62/SQSTM1 accumulation in H1299 cells. In contrast, CNOT2 depletion enhanced cleavages of PARP and caspase 3, LC3 conversion and p62/SQSTM1 accumulation in Atorvastatin treated H1299 cells. Overall, these findings suggest that CNOT2 signaling is critically involved in Atorvastatin induced apoptotic and autophagic cell death in NSCLCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jihyun Lee
- College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Korea.
| | - Ji Hoon Jung
- College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Korea.
| | - Jisung Hwang
- College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Korea.
| | - Ji Eon Park
- College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Korea.
| | - Ju-Ha Kim
- College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Korea.
| | - Woon Yi Park
- College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Korea.
| | - Jin Young Suh
- College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Korea.
| | - Sung-Hoon Kim
- College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Korea.
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Yuan W, Su C, Yang X, Li Y, Cao Y, Liang X, Liu J. Biological and anti-vascular activity evaluation of ethoxy-erianin phosphate as a vascular disrupting agent. J Cell Biochem 2019; 120:16978-16989. [PMID: 31111562 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.28959] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2018] [Revised: 03/09/2019] [Accepted: 03/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
The effects of ethoxy-erianin phosphate (EBTP) on cell proliferation, mitotic cell arrest, migration, infiltration, and endothelial tubular structures were evaluated in this study. The antiproliferative activity of EBTP and combretastatin A-4P (CA4P) was analyzed on several tumor cells (including MCF-7, HeLa, 2LL, and 2LL-IDO) and on an endothelial cell (human umbilical vein endothelial cells [HUVECs]) as well as a human normal liver cell (L02). The results showed that EBTP possessed antiproliferative activity in the micromole range and was relatively less toxic than CA4P. Treating HUVECs with EBTP caused cell accumulation in the G2/M phase, and wound-healing assays indicated that EBTP inhibited cell migration. Furthermore, EBTP and CA4P destroyed the vasculature in endothelial cells and showed vascular disrupting activity of the chorioallantoic membrane in fertilized chicken eggs. In addition, we found that EBTP suppressed the expression of indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO) and significantly inhibited IDO-induced migration and infiltration of 2LL-IDO cells. Administration of EBTP blocked vasculogenic mimicry in 2LL-IDO cells, which was typically observed in tube formation assays of 2LL-IDO cells. Moreover, the results of Lewis lung carcinoma in mice showed a high inhibition rate of EBTP. EBTP is an effective vascular disrupting agent that is superior to CA4P and may prevent and treat malignancy by inhibiting the expression of IDO.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenshuang Yuan
- Department of Surgery, Minhang Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China.,State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering and Shanghai Key Laboratory of New Drug Design, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Chang Su
- Department of Surgery, Minhang Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaotong Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering and Shanghai Key Laboratory of New Drug Design, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Yueqi Li
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering and Shanghai Key Laboratory of New Drug Design, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Yiou Cao
- Department of Surgery, Minhang Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Xin Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering and Shanghai Key Laboratory of New Drug Design, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Jianwen Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering and Shanghai Key Laboratory of New Drug Design, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
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Cai L, Zhang Y, Zhang Y, Chen H, Hu J. Effect of Th9/IL-9 on the growth of gastric cancer in nude mice. Onco Targets Ther 2019; 12:2225-2234. [PMID: 30988627 PMCID: PMC6441462 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s197816] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective By neutralizing IL-9 in a nude mouse model, the study aimed to investigate the role of Th9/IL-9 on the growth of gastric cancer in mice. Materials and methods Male BALB/c nude mice were randomly divided into three groups: a normal control group (Control), an SGC-7901 xenografted nude mice model group (Model), and a rIL-9 treatment group (Treat). The weight of the tumors was recorded to calculate the tumor inhibition rate. Flow cytometry was used to detect the cell frequency of Th9, Th17, and Treg in peripheral blood. The IL-4, IL-9, IL-10, IL-25, VEGF, and TGF-β levels in serum were determined by ELISA. The cellular migration and invasion were investigated by transwell assay. Immunohistochemical and Western blot were used to detect the expression of IL-9, CD34, PU.1, p53, and p21 proteins in gastric cancer tissue. The mRNA expression levels of IL-9, IL-21, and PU.1 in gastric cancer tissue were determined by qRT-PCR. Result rIL-9 can significantly inhibit the growth of gastric cancer. The frequency of Th9, Th17, and Treg in peripheral blood was decreased upon treatment. The levels of IL-4, IL-9, IL-10, IL-25, VEGF, and TGF-β in serum were significantly reduced in the Treat group compared with the Model group (P<0.05). rIL-9 can inhibit cellular migration and invasion and reduce the mRNA level of IL-9, IL-21, and PU.1. Meanwhile, in the Treat group, the expression of IL-9, CD34, and PU.1 was significantly reduced, whereas the expression of p53 and p21 was significantly increased compared with the Model group (P<0.05). Conclusion This study suggested that Th9/IL-9 has a deleterious role in gastric cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Cai
- Department of Pathology, The Affiliated Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital of Qingdao University, Yantai 264000, People's Republic of China
| | - Yue Zhang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Laizhou People's Hospital, Yantai 264000, People's Republic of China
| | - Yifei Zhang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The Affiliated Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital of Qingdao University, Yantai 264000, People's Republic of China,
| | - Hongbing Chen
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The Affiliated Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital of Qingdao University, Yantai 264000, People's Republic of China,
| | - Jinchen Hu
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The Affiliated Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital of Qingdao University, Yantai 264000, People's Republic of China,
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Guo T, Zheng C, Wang Z, Zheng X. miR‑584‑5p regulates migration and invasion in non‑small cell lung cancer cell lines through regulation of MMP‑14. Mol Med Rep 2019; 19:1747-1752. [PMID: 30628644 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2019.9813] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2017] [Accepted: 10/16/2018] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
An increasing number of studies have demonstrated that microRNAs (miRNAs/miRs) are involved in cancer progression. In 2010, an estimated 1,500,000 patients suffered mortality from lung cancer (LC) worldwide, and ~80% of LC patients were diagnosed with non‑small‑cell lung cancer (NSCLC). miR‑584‑5p was reported to be a potential biomarker in the diagnosis of LC; in addition, miR‑584 was recently observed to suppress the progression of thyroid carcinoma, glioma and gastric cancer. However, the specific function of miR‑584‑5p in NSCLC remains unclear. In the present study, miR‑584‑5p was decreased in the tumor tissues of NSCLC patients. Furthermore, miR‑584‑5p markedly inhibited the migration and invasion of NSCLC cells. The direct regulatory association between miR‑584‑5p and matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)‑14 was verified by a luciferase reporter gene assay. Furthermore, the results indicated that miR‑584‑5p inhibited the expression of MMP‑14 at the protein and mRNA levels. miR‑584‑5p also inhibited the expression of MMP‑4 and Slug, which are involved in tumor invasion and metastasis. Taken together, these results indicated that the miR‑584‑5p/MMP‑14 axis may serve as an anticancer target in the treatment of NSCLC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianmin Guo
- Department of Oncology, Shouguang People's Hospital, Shouguang, Shandong 262700, P.R. China
| | - Chenzhao Zheng
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Weifang Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Weifang, Shandong 261041, P.R. China
| | - Zhigang Wang
- Cancer Center, Weifang Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Weifang, Shandong 261041, P.R. China
| | - Xifu Zheng
- Department of Medical Oncology, Weifang Second People's Hospital, Weifang, Shandong 261041, P.R. China
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Li L, Yu J, Jiao S, Wang W, Zhang F, Sun S. Vandetanib (ZD6474) induces antiangiogenesis through mTOR-HIF-1 alpha-VEGF signaling axis in breast cancer cells. Onco Targets Ther 2018; 11:8543-8553. [PMID: 30555244 PMCID: PMC6278704 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s175578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective Vandetanib, also known as ZD6474, has recently been proved to be a clinical drug for cancer by targeting vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2 (VEGFR2), EGFR, and RET tyrosine kinases. We hypothesized that vandetanib will be a drug candidate for breast cancer treatment by targeting angiogenesis. Materials and methods Vandetanib was used to treat different breast cancer cell lines, and its effect on growth, apoptosis, and cell cycle was studied by MTT assay and flow cytometry. VEGF level in culture medium was measured by ELISA. Gene expression of mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR), hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF)-1 alpha, and VEGF at mRNA and protein level were analyzed by quantitative real-time-PCR and Western blot. The cellular behavior variations were investigated by using wound healing assay, transwell invasion assay, and tubular formation assay as well as experiments in vivo. Result We found that vandetanib can inhibit breast cancer cell line growth via apoptosis and cell cycle regulation. VEGF secretion decreases upon treatment. Vandetanib can reduce both mRNA and protein level of mTOR, HIF-1 alpha, and VEGF. Angiogenesis assays showed that vandetanib can inhibit wound healing, invasion, and tubular formation in culture. Furthermore, vandetanib inhibited the growth of breast tumor in vivo. Conclusion In short, our study showed that vandetanib can control angiogenesis of breast cancer in culture via mTOR, HIF-1 alpha, and VEGF signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling Li
- Department of Oncology, Affiliated Tengzhou Central People's Hospital of Jining Medical University, Zaozhuang, Shandong, China,
| | - Jingkui Yu
- Breast Surgery Department, Affiliated Tengzhou Central People's Hospital of Jining Medical University, Zaozhuang, Shandong, China
| | - Shuhong Jiao
- Department of Oncology, Affiliated Tengzhou Central People's Hospital of Jining Medical University, Zaozhuang, Shandong, China,
| | - Wei Wang
- Department of Oncology, Affiliated Tengzhou Central People's Hospital of Jining Medical University, Zaozhuang, Shandong, China,
| | - Fen Zhang
- Department of Oncology, Affiliated Tengzhou Central People's Hospital of Jining Medical University, Zaozhuang, Shandong, China,
| | - Shiqing Sun
- Department of Oncology, Affiliated Tengzhou Central People's Hospital of Jining Medical University, Zaozhuang, Shandong, China,
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Li J, Ge X, Cui C, Zhang Y, Wang Y, Wang X, Sun Q. Preparation and Characterization of Functionalized Graphene Oxide Carrier for siRNA Delivery. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:ijms19103202. [PMID: 30336549 PMCID: PMC6214041 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19103202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2018] [Revised: 10/10/2018] [Accepted: 10/12/2018] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
A successful siRNA delivery system is dependent on the development of a good siRNA carrier. Graphene oxide (GO) has gained great attention as a promising nanocarrier in recent years. It has been reported that GO could be used to deliver a series of drugs including synthetic compounds, proteins, antibodies, and genes. Our previous research indicated that functionalized GO could deliver siRNA into tumor cells and induce a gene silencing effect, to follow up the research, in this research, GO-R8/cRGDfV(GRcR) was designed and prepared for VEGF-siRNA delivery as a novel carrier. The Zeta potential and particle size of the new designed GRcR carrier was measured at (29.46 ± 5.32) mV and (135.7 ± 3.3) nm respectively, and after transfection, the VEGF mRNA level and protein expression level were down-regulated by 48.22% (p < 0.01) and 38.3% (p < 0.01) in HeLa cells, respectively. The fluorescent images of the treated BALB/c nude mice revealed that GRcR/VEGF-siRNA could conduct targeted delivery of VEGF-siRNA into tumor tissues and showed a gene silencing effect as well as a tumor growth inhibitory effect (p < 0.01) in vivo. Further studies showed that GRcR/VEGF-siRNA could effectively inhibit angiogenesis by suppressing VEGF expression. Histology and immunohistochemistry studies demonstrated that GRcR/VEGF-siRNA could inhibit tumor tissue growth effectively and have anti-angiogenesis activity, which was the result of VEGF protein downregulation. Both in vitro and in vivo results demonstrated that GRcR/VEGF-siRNA could be used as an ideal nonviral tumor-targeting vector for VEGF-siRNA delivery in gene therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Li
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China.
- Engineering Research Center of Endogenous Prophylactic of Ministry of Education of China, Beijing 100069, China.
- Beijing Area Major Laboratory of Peptide and Small Molecular Drugs, Beijing 100069, China.
| | - Xu Ge
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China.
- Engineering Research Center of Endogenous Prophylactic of Ministry of Education of China, Beijing 100069, China.
- Beijing Area Major Laboratory of Peptide and Small Molecular Drugs, Beijing 100069, China.
| | - Chunying Cui
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China.
- Engineering Research Center of Endogenous Prophylactic of Ministry of Education of China, Beijing 100069, China.
- Beijing Area Major Laboratory of Peptide and Small Molecular Drugs, Beijing 100069, China.
| | - Yifan Zhang
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China.
- Engineering Research Center of Endogenous Prophylactic of Ministry of Education of China, Beijing 100069, China.
- Beijing Area Major Laboratory of Peptide and Small Molecular Drugs, Beijing 100069, China.
| | - Yifan Wang
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China.
- Engineering Research Center of Endogenous Prophylactic of Ministry of Education of China, Beijing 100069, China.
- Beijing Area Major Laboratory of Peptide and Small Molecular Drugs, Beijing 100069, China.
| | - Xiaoli Wang
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China.
- Engineering Research Center of Endogenous Prophylactic of Ministry of Education of China, Beijing 100069, China.
- Beijing Area Major Laboratory of Peptide and Small Molecular Drugs, Beijing 100069, China.
| | - Qi Sun
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China.
- Engineering Research Center of Endogenous Prophylactic of Ministry of Education of China, Beijing 100069, China.
- Beijing Area Major Laboratory of Peptide and Small Molecular Drugs, Beijing 100069, China.
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Li C, Wang Q, Shen S, Wei X, Li G. Oridonin inhibits VEGF-A-associated angiogenesis and epithelial-mesenchymal transition of breast cancer in vitro and in vivo. Oncol Lett 2018; 16:2289-2298. [PMID: 30008931 PMCID: PMC6036431 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2018.8943] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2017] [Accepted: 06/06/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Metastasis is the primary cause of mortality in patients with breast cancer and lacks effective therapeutic agents. Oridonin, an active diterpenoid compound isolated from Rabdosia rubescens, was identified to be the most potent anti-tumor ingredient. However, the molecular mechanisms responsible for its anti-metastatic effects remain unclear. In the present study, oridonin significantly suppressed the migration, invasion and adhesion of MDA-MB-231 and 4T1 breast cancer cells, and inhibited tube formation of human umbilical vein endothelial cells in a dose-dependent manner. The expression levels of epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT)-associated marker and the hypoxia inducible factor 1α (HIF-1α)/vascular endothelium growth factor (VEGF) signaling pathway mRNA and proteins were determined by reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction and western blotting, respectively in vitro. The results demonstrated that oridonin effectively inhibited EMT as demonstrated by the significant increases in the expression levels of E-cadherin, and decreased expression of N-cadherin, Vimentin and Snail. In addition, oridonin exerted its anti-angiogenesis activity through significantly decreasing HIF-1α, VEGF-A and VEGF receptor-2 protein expression. Furthermore, oridonin was demonstrated to decrease the micro-vessel density as evidenced by the decreased expression of cluster of differentiation 31, a marker for neovasculature. In brief, oridonin inhibits tumor cell migration, invasion and adhesion, as well as tumor angiogenesis, which are mediated by suppressing EMT and the HIF-1α/VEGF signaling pathway. The results of the present study suggest that oridonin may be a promising anti-metastatic agent in breast cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunyu Li
- Department of Integrated Chinese Traditional and Western Medicine, International Medical School, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, P.R. China
| | - Qi Wang
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital Affiliated to Tongji University, Shanghai 200433, P.R. China
| | - Shen Shen
- Department of Integrated Chinese Traditional and Western Medicine, International Medical School, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, P.R. China
| | - Xiaolu Wei
- Department of Integrated Chinese Traditional and Western Medicine, International Medical School, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, P.R. China
| | - Guoxia Li
- Department of Integrated Chinese Traditional and Western Medicine, International Medical School, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, P.R. China
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Zhong Z, Rosenow M, Xiao N, Spetzler D. Profiling plasma extracellular vesicle by pluronic block-copolymer based enrichment method unveils features associated with breast cancer aggression, metastasis and invasion. J Extracell Vesicles 2018; 7:1458574. [PMID: 29696079 PMCID: PMC5912199 DOI: 10.1080/20013078.2018.1458574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2017] [Accepted: 03/17/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Extracellular vesicle (EV)-based liquid biopsies have been proposed to be a readily obtainable biological substrate recently for both profiling and diagnostics purposes. Development of a fast and reliable preparation protocol to enrich such small particles could accelerate the discovery of informative, disease-related biomarkers. Though multiple EV enrichment protocols are available, in terms of efficiency, reproducibility and simplicity, precipitation-based methods are most amenable to studies with large numbers of subjects. However, the selectivity of the precipitation becomes critical. Here, we present a simple plasma EV enrichment protocol based on pluronic block copolymer. The enriched plasma EV was able to be verified by multiple platforms. Our results showed that the particles enriched from plasma by the copolymer were EV size vesicles with membrane structure; proteomic profiling showed that EV-related proteins were significantly enriched, while high-abundant plasma proteins were significantly reduced in comparison to other precipitation-based enrichment methods. Next-generation sequencing confirmed the existence of various RNA species that have been observed in EVs from previous studies. Small RNA sequencing showed enriched species compared to the corresponding plasma. Moreover, plasma EVs enriched from 20 advanced breast cancer patients and 20 age-matched non-cancer controls were profiled by semi-quantitative mass spectrometry. Protein features were further screened by EV proteomic profiles generated from four breast cancer cell lines, and then selected in cross-validation models. A total of 60 protein features that highly contributed in model prediction were identified. Interestingly, a large portion of these features were associated with breast cancer aggression, metastasis as well as invasion, consistent with the advanced clinical stage of the patients. In summary, we have developed a plasma EV enrichment method with improved precipitation selectivity and it might be suitable for larger-scale discovery studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenyu Zhong
- Caris Life Sciences, Phoenix, AZ, USA.,Molecular and Cellular Biology Graduate Program, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, USA
| | | | - Nick Xiao
- Caris Life Sciences, Phoenix, AZ, USA
| | - David Spetzler
- Caris Life Sciences, Phoenix, AZ, USA.,Molecular and Cellular Biology Graduate Program, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, USA
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