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Hong X, Hsieh MT, Tseng TY, Lin HY, Chang HC, Yau ST, Cheng WC, Ke B, Liao HH, Wu CY, Liu AA, Wu MM, Huang KY, Yang PC, Kuo SC, Hung MC, Lee PC. Diarylheptanoid 35d overcomes EGFR TKI resistance by inducing hsp70-mediated lysosomal degradation of EGFR in EGFR-mutant lung adenocarcinoma. J Biol Chem 2023:104814. [PMID: 37178919 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2023.104814] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2022] [Revised: 04/18/2023] [Accepted: 04/19/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
EGFR-mutant lung adenocarcinomas (LUAD) patients often respond to EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) initially, but eventually develop resistance to TKIs. The switch of EGFR downstream signaling from TKI-sensitive to TKI-insensitive is a critical mechanism driving resistance to TKIs. Identification of potential therapies to target EGFR effectively is a potential strategy to treat TKI-resistant LUADs. In this study, we developed a small molecule diarylheptanoid 35d, a curcumin derivative, that effectively suppressed EGFR protein expression, killed multiple TKI-resistant LUAD cells in vitro, and suppressed tumor growth of EGFR-mutant LUAD xenografts with variant TKI-resistant mechanisms including EGFR C797S mutations in vivo. Mechanically, 35d triggers hsp70-mediated lysosomal pathway through transcriptional activation of several components in the pathway, such as HSPA1B, to induce EGFR protein degradation. Interestingly, higher HSPA1B expression in LUAD tumors associated with longer survival of EGFR-mutant TKI-treated patients, suggesting the role of HSPA1B on retarding TKI resistance and providing a rationale for combining 35d with EGFR TKIs. Our data showed that combination of 35d significantly inhibits tumor re-progression on osimertinib and prolongs mice survival. Overall, our results suggest 35d as a promising lead compound to suppress EGFR expression and provide important insights into the development of combination therapies for TKI-resistant LUADs, which could have translational potential for the treatment of this deadly disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuan Hong
- Department of Medical Oncology, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin, China
| | - Min-Tsang Hsieh
- School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan; Research Center for Chinese Herbal Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan; Chinese Medicinal Research and Development Center, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Tzu-Yu Tseng
- Research Center for Cancer Biology, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan; Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Hui-Yi Lin
- Research Center for Chinese Herbal Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Hung-Chih Chang
- Research Center for Cancer Biology, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan; Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Sir-Theng Yau
- Research Center for Cancer Biology, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan; Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Chung Cheng
- Research Center for Cancer Biology, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan; Ph.D. Program for Cancer Molecular Biology and Drug Discovery, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Baozhen Ke
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Hsiao-Hui Liao
- Research Center for Cancer Biology, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan; Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Ying Wu
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - An-An Liu
- Research Center for Cancer Biology, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan; Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Meei-Maan Wu
- Department of Public Health, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan; School of Public Health, College of Public Health, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan; Master Program in Applied Epidemiology, College of Public Health, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
| | - Kuo-Yen Huang
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, 115, Taiwan
| | - Pan-Chyr Yang
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, 115, Taiwan; Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital and National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, 100, Taiwan; Genomics Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei, 115, Taiwan
| | - Sheng-Chu Kuo
- School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan; Research Center for Chinese Herbal Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Mien-Chie Hung
- Research Center for Cancer Biology, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan; Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.
| | - Pei-Chih Lee
- Research Center for Cancer Biology, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan; Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.
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An Undefined Interaction between Polyamines and Heat Shock Proteins Leads to Cellular Protection in Plasmodium falciparum and Proliferating Cells in Various Organisms. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28041686. [PMID: 36838674 PMCID: PMC9958663 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28041686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2023] [Accepted: 02/06/2023] [Indexed: 02/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Environmental stimuli can distress the internal reaction of cells and their normal function. To react promptly to sudden environmental changes, a cascade of heat shock proteins (Hsps) functions to protect and act as housekeepers inside the cells. In parallel to the heat shock response, the metabolic polyamine (PA) status changes. Here, we discuss possible ways of putative interactions between Hsps and polyamines in a wide lineage of eukaryotic model organisms with a particular focus on parasitic protozoa such as Plasmodium falciparum (P. falciparum). The supposed interaction between polyamines and Hsps may protect the parasite from the sudden change in temperature during transmission from the female Anopheles mosquito to a human host. Recent experiments performed with the spermidine mimetic inhibitor 15-deoxyspergualine in Plasmodium in vitro cultures show that the drug binds to the C-terminal EEVD motif of Hsp70. This leads to inhibition of protein biosynthesis caused by prevention of eIF5A2 phosphorylation and eukaryotic initiation factor 5A (eIF5A) modification. These observations provide further evidence that PAs are involved in the regulation of protein biosynthesis of Hsps to achieve a protective effect for the parasite during transmission.
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Yi M, He T, Wang K, Wei Y. Comparison of gefitinib plus chemotherapy versus gefitinib alone for advanced non‑small‑cell lung cancer: A meta analysis. Clinics (Sao Paulo) 2023; 78:100152. [PMID: 36681071 PMCID: PMC9868856 DOI: 10.1016/j.clinsp.2022.100152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2022] [Revised: 11/12/2022] [Accepted: 12/07/2022] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to perform a meta‑analysis comparing the efficacy and safety of gefitinib in combination with chemotherapy versus gefitinib alone in patients with advanced Non‑Small Cell Lung Cancer (NSCLC). We searched databases for clinical studies that reported the efficacy or safety of gefitinib plus chemotherapy in comparison with gefitinib alone. Raw data from included studies were extracted and pooled to calculate the Odds Ratio (OR) for Objective Response Rate (ORR) and Disease Control Rate (DCR), the Hazard Ratio (HR) for Progression-Free Survival (PFS) and Overall Survival (OS), and OR for complication ≥ Grade 3. A total of 10 studies containing 1,528 patients with NSCLC were identified and included in the analysis. Gefitinib plus chemotherapy showed significantly better efficacy in improving ORR (OR = 1.54; 95% CI [Confidence Interval], 1.13‒2.1; p = 0.006), DCR (OR = 1.62; 95% CI 1.14‒2.29; p = 0.007), PFS (HR=1.67; 95% CI 1.45‒1.94; p < 0.001) and OS (HR = 1.49; 95% CI 1.2‒1.87; p < 0.001) as compared with gefitinib alone. Consistent results were observed in the sub-population with positive EGFR mutation. The combination of gefitinib with chemotherapy had a significantly higher risk of complication (≥ Grade 3) with an OR of 3.29 (95% CI 2.57‒4.21; p < 0.001). The findings in the present study suggest that the combination of gefitinib with chemotherapy can provide better disease response and survival outcomes for patients with advanced NSCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Yi
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The People's Hospital of Kaizhou District, China
| | - Ting He
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The People's Hospital of Kaizhou District, China
| | - Kaijin Wang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The People's Hospital of Bishan District, China
| | - Yonggang Wei
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The People's Hospital of Kaizhou District, China.
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Parma B, Wurdak H, Ceppi P. Harnessing mitochondrial metabolism and drug resistance in non-small cell lung cancer and beyond by blocking heat-shock proteins. Drug Resist Updat 2022; 65:100888. [DOI: 10.1016/j.drup.2022.100888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2022] [Revised: 10/10/2022] [Accepted: 10/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Aguoru NA, Kirk RS, Walker AJ. Molecular insights into the heat shock proteins of the human parasitic blood fluke Schistosoma mansoni. Parasit Vectors 2022; 15:365. [PMID: 36229862 PMCID: PMC9559072 DOI: 10.1186/s13071-022-05500-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2022] [Accepted: 09/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Heat shock proteins (HSPs) are evolutionarily conserved proteins, produced by cells in response to hostile environmental conditions, that are vital to organism homeostasis. Here, we undertook the first detailed molecular bioinformatic analysis of these important proteins and mapped their tissue expression in the human parasitic blood fluke, Schistosoma mansoni, one of the causative agents of the neglected tropical disease human schistosomiasis. Methods Using bioinformatic tools we classified and phylogenetically analysed HSP family members in schistosomes, and performed transcriptomic, phosphoproteomic, and interactomic analysis of the S. mansoni HSPs. In addition, S. mansoni HSP protein expression was mapped in intact parasites using immunofluorescence. Results Fifty-five HSPs were identified in S. mansoni across five HSP families; high conservation of HSP sequences were apparent across S. mansoni, Schistosoma haematobium and Schistosoma japonicum, with S. haematobium HSPs showing greater similarity to S. mansoni than those of S. japonicum. For S. mansoni, differential HSP gene expression was evident across the various parasite life stages, supporting varying roles for the HSPs in the different stages, and suggesting that they might confer some degree of protection during life stage transitions. Protein expression patterns of HSPs were visualised in intact S. mansoni cercariae, 3 h and 24 h somules, and adult male and female worms, revealing HSPs in the tegument, cephalic ganglia, tubercles, testes, ovaries as well as other important organs. Analysis of putative HSP protein-protein associations highlighted proteins that are involved in transcription, modification, stability, and ubiquitination; functional enrichment analysis revealed functions for HSP networks in S. mansoni including protein export for HSP 40/70, and FOXO/mTOR signalling for HSP90 networks. Finally, a total of 76 phosphorylation sites were discovered within 17 of the 55 HSPs, with 30 phosphorylation sites being conserved with those of human HSPs, highlighting their likely core functional significance. Conclusions This analysis highlights the fascinating biology of S. mansoni HSPs and their likely importance to schistosome function, offering a valuable and novel framework for future physiological investigations into the roles of HSPs in schistosomes, particularly in the context of survival in the host and with the aim of developing novel anti-schistosome therapeutics. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s13071-022-05500-7.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nancy A Aguoru
- Molecular Parasitology Laboratory, School of Life Sciences, Pharmacy and Chemistry, Kingston University, Penrhyn Road, Kingston upon Thames, KT1 2EE, Surrey, UK
| | - Ruth S Kirk
- Molecular Parasitology Laboratory, School of Life Sciences, Pharmacy and Chemistry, Kingston University, Penrhyn Road, Kingston upon Thames, KT1 2EE, Surrey, UK
| | - Anthony J Walker
- Molecular Parasitology Laboratory, School of Life Sciences, Pharmacy and Chemistry, Kingston University, Penrhyn Road, Kingston upon Thames, KT1 2EE, Surrey, UK.
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Genomic instability as a major mechanism for acquired resistance to EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitors in cancer. Protein Cell 2021; 13:82-89. [PMID: 34319535 PMCID: PMC8783936 DOI: 10.1007/s13238-021-00855-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
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Russo M, Sogari A, Bardelli A. Adaptive Evolution: How Bacteria and Cancer Cells Survive Stressful Conditions and Drug Treatment. Cancer Discov 2021; 11:1886-1895. [PMID: 33952585 DOI: 10.1158/2159-8290.cd-20-1588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Cancer is characterized by loss of the regulatory mechanisms that preserve homeostasis in multicellular organisms, such as controlled proliferation, cell-cell adhesion, and tissue differentiation. The breakdown of multicellularity rules is accompanied by activation of "selfish," unicellular-like life features, which are linked to the increased adaptability to environmental changes displayed by cancer cells. Mechanisms of stress response, resembling those observed in unicellular organisms, are actively exploited by mammalian cancer cells to boost genetic diversity and increase chances of survival under unfavorable conditions, such as lack of oxygen/nutrients or exposure to drugs. Unicellular organisms under stressful conditions (e.g., antibiotic treatment) stop replicating or slowly divide and transiently increase their mutation rates to foster diversity, a process known as adaptive mutability. Analogously, tumor cells exposed to drugs enter a persister phenotype and can reduce DNA replication fidelity, which in turn fosters genetic diversity. The implications of adaptive evolution are of relevance to understand resistance to anticancer therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariangela Russo
- Department of Oncology, University of Torino, Candiolo 10060, Italy. Candiolo Cancer Institute, FPO-IRCCS, Candiolo 10060, Italy.
| | - Alberto Sogari
- Department of Oncology, University of Torino, Candiolo 10060, Italy. Candiolo Cancer Institute, FPO-IRCCS, Candiolo 10060, Italy
| | - Alberto Bardelli
- Department of Oncology, University of Torino, Candiolo 10060, Italy. Candiolo Cancer Institute, FPO-IRCCS, Candiolo 10060, Italy.
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Kara A, Özgür A, Nalbantoğlu S, Karadağ A. DNA repair pathways and their roles in drug resistance for lung adenocarcinoma. Mol Biol Rep 2021; 48:3813-3825. [PMID: 33856604 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-021-06314-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2020] [Accepted: 03/24/2021] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Lung cancer is the leading cancer type of death rate. The lung adenocarcinoma subtype is responsible for almost half of the total lung cancer deaths. Despite the improvements in cancer treatment in recent years, lung adenocarcinoma patients' overall survival rate remains poor. Immunetherapy and chemotherapy are two of the most widely used options for the treatment of cancer. Although many cancer types initially respond to these treatments, the development of resistance is inevitable. The rapid development of drug resistance mainly characterizes lung adenocarcinoma. Despite being the subject of many studies in recent years, the resistance initiation and progression mechanism is still unclear. In this review, we have examined the role of the primary DNA repair pathways (non-homologous end joining (NHEJ) pathway, homologous-recombinant repair (HR) pathway, base excision repair (BER) pathway, and nucleotide excision repair (NER) pathway and transactivation mechanisms of tumor protein 53 (TP53) in drug resistance development. This review suggests that mentioned pathways have essential roles in developing the resistance against chemotherapy and immunotherapy in lung adenocarcinoma patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Altan Kara
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology Institute, TUBITAK Marmara Research Center, Kocaeli, Turkey.
| | - Aykut Özgür
- Laboratory and Veterinary Health Program, Department of Veterinary Medicine, Artova Vocational School, Tokat Gaziosmanpaşa University, Tokat, Turkey
| | - Sinem Nalbantoğlu
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology Institute, TUBITAK Marmara Research Center, Kocaeli, Turkey
| | - Abdullah Karadağ
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology Institute, TUBITAK Marmara Research Center, Kocaeli, Turkey
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Ravegnini G, Valori G, Zhang Q, Ricci R, Hrelia P, Angelini S. Pharmacogenetics in the treatment of gastrointestinal stromal tumors - an updated review. Expert Opin Drug Metab Toxicol 2020; 16:797-808. [PMID: 32597248 DOI: 10.1080/17425255.2020.1789589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GIST) are the best example of a targeted therapy in solid tumors. The introduction of tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) deeply improved the prognosis of this tumor. However, a degree of inter-patient variability is still reported in response rates and pharmacogenetics may play an important role in the final clinical outcome. AREAS COVERED In this review, the authors provide an updated overview of the pharmacogenetic literature analyzing the role of polymorphisms in both GIST treatment efficacy and toxicity. EXPERT OPINION Besides the primary role of somatic DNA in dictating the clinical response to TKIs, several polymorphisms influencing their pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics have been identified as being potentially involved. In the last 10 years, many potential biomarkers have been proposed to predict clinical response and toxicity after TKI administration. However, the evidence is still too limited to promote a clinical translation. To date, the somatic mutational status represents the main player in clinical response to TKIs in GIST treatment; however, pharmacogenetics could still explain the degree of inter-patient variability observed in GIST patients. A combination of different theoretical approaches, experimental model systems, and statistical methods is clearly needed, in order to translate pharmacogenetics to clinical practice in the near future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gloria Ravegnini
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, University of Bologna , Bologna, Italy
| | - Giorgia Valori
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, University of Bologna , Bologna, Italy
| | - Qianqian Zhang
- UOC di Anatomia Patologica, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario 'A. Gemelli' IRCCS , Rome, Italy
| | - Riccardo Ricci
- UOC di Anatomia Patologica, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario 'A. Gemelli' IRCCS , Rome, Italy.,Department of Pathology, Universita Cattolica del Sacro Cuore , Rome, Italy
| | - Patrizia Hrelia
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, University of Bologna , Bologna, Italy
| | - Sabrina Angelini
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, University of Bologna , Bologna, Italy
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Yue Y, Qian W, Li J, Wu S, Zhang M, Wu Z, Ma Q, Wang Z. 2'-Hydroxyflavanone inhibits the progression of pancreatic cancer cells and sensitizes the chemosensitivity of EGFR inhibitors via repressing STAT3 signaling. Cancer Lett 2020; 471:135-146. [PMID: 31811906 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2019.11.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2019] [Revised: 11/09/2019] [Accepted: 11/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is one of the most lethal malignancies, and chemotherapy is still an important treatment. It is urgent to develop new medicines because of the limitation and side effects of chemotherapy. 2'-Hydroxyflavanone (2HF) is a citrus-bioflavonoid that is considered to have anti-cancer efficacy. Compared to human pancreatic ductal epithelial cells hTERT-HPNE, more significant growth-inhibitory effects were seen in PDAC cells BxPC-3 and MIA PaCa-2. We showed that apoptosis was induced and that the cell cycle was arrested when cells were treated with 2HF. The expression of the molecular proteins cleaved PARP, cleaved Caspase3, Bax, Bcl-2, CyclinD1, and p27 changed correspondingly. Also, we observed anti-metastatic effects and changes in MMP9, E-cadherin, N-cadherin and Vimentin when cells were treated with a low dose of 2HF. Suppression of STAT3 and EGFR phosphorylation was also identified as a result of treatment with a combination of 2HF and EGFR inhibitors. The in vivo antitumor effects in KPC mice were consistent with those observed in vitro. 2HF has impactful anti-cancer efficacy and sensitizes human pancreatic cancer cells to EGFR inhibitors through the inhibition of STAT3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yangyang Yue
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, 710061, Xi'an, Shaanxi province, China
| | - Weikun Qian
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, 710061, Xi'an, Shaanxi province, China
| | - Jie Li
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, 710061, Xi'an, Shaanxi province, China
| | - Shiqi Wu
- Department of Urology Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, 710061, Xi'an, Shaanxi province, China
| | - Mengzhao Zhang
- Department of Urology Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, 710061, Xi'an, Shaanxi province, China
| | - Zheng Wu
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, 710061, Xi'an, Shaanxi province, China
| | - Qingyong Ma
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, 710061, Xi'an, Shaanxi province, China
| | - Zheng Wang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, 710061, Xi'an, Shaanxi province, China.
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Yun CW, Kim HJ, Lim JH, Lee SH. Heat Shock Proteins: Agents of Cancer Development and Therapeutic Targets in Anti-Cancer Therapy. Cells 2019; 9:cells9010060. [PMID: 31878360 PMCID: PMC7017199 DOI: 10.3390/cells9010060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 157] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2019] [Revised: 12/06/2019] [Accepted: 12/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Heat shock proteins (HSPs) constitute a large family of molecular chaperones classified by their molecular weights, and they include HSP27, HSP40, HSP60, HSP70, and HSP90. HSPs function in diverse physiological and protective processes to assist in maintaining cellular homeostasis. In particular, HSPs participate in protein folding and maturation processes under diverse stressors such as heat shock, hypoxia, and degradation. Notably, HSPs also play essential roles across cancers as they are implicated in a variety of cancer-related activities such as cell proliferation, metastasis, and anti-cancer drug resistance. In this review, we comprehensively discuss the functions of HSPs in association with cancer initiation, progression, and metastasis and anti-cancer therapy resistance. Moreover, the potential utilization of HSPs to enhance the effects of chemo-, radio-, and immunotherapy is explored. Taken together, HSPs have multiple clinical usages as biomarkers for cancer diagnosis and prognosis as well as the potential therapeutic targets for anti-cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chul Won Yun
- Medical Science Research Institute, Soonchunhyang University Seoul Hospital, Seoul 04401, Korea; (C.W.Y.); (H.J.K.); (J.H.L.)
| | - Hyung Joo Kim
- Medical Science Research Institute, Soonchunhyang University Seoul Hospital, Seoul 04401, Korea; (C.W.Y.); (H.J.K.); (J.H.L.)
| | - Ji Ho Lim
- Medical Science Research Institute, Soonchunhyang University Seoul Hospital, Seoul 04401, Korea; (C.W.Y.); (H.J.K.); (J.H.L.)
| | - Sang Hun Lee
- Medical Science Research Institute, Soonchunhyang University Seoul Hospital, Seoul 04401, Korea; (C.W.Y.); (H.J.K.); (J.H.L.)
- Department of Biochemistry, Soonchunhyang University College of Medicine, Cheonan 31538, Korea
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +82-02-709-2029
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12
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Combination of Anti-Cancer Drugs with Molecular Chaperone Inhibitors. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20215284. [PMID: 31652993 PMCID: PMC6862641 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20215284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2019] [Revised: 10/21/2019] [Accepted: 10/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Most molecular chaperones belonging to heat shock protein (HSP) families are known to protect cancer cells from pathologic, environmental and pharmacological stress factors and thereby can hamper anti-cancer therapies. In this review, we present data on inhibitors of the heat shock response (particularly mediated by the chaperones HSP90, HSP70, and HSP27) either as a single treatment or in combination with currently available anti-cancer therapeutic approaches. An overview of the current literature reveals that the co-administration of chaperone inhibitors and targeting drugs results in proteotoxic stress and violates the tumor cell physiology. An optimal drug combination should simultaneously target cytoprotective mechanisms and trigger the imbalance of the tumor cell physiology.
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13
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El Kadi N, Wang L, Davis A, Korkaya H, Cooke A, Vadnala V, Brown NA, Betz BL, Cascalho M, Kalemkerian GP, Hassan KA. The EGFR T790M Mutation Is Acquired through AICDA-Mediated Deamination of 5-Methylcytosine following TKI Treatment in Lung Cancer. Cancer Res 2018; 78:6728-6735. [PMID: 30333118 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-17-3370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2017] [Revised: 08/17/2018] [Accepted: 10/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
: Almost all patients with EGFR-driven lung cancer who are treated with EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKI) develop resistance to treatment. A single base (c.2369C>T) transition mutation, EGFR T790M, is the most frequent resistance event after first-generation exposure to EGFR TKIs. Whether T790M mutation is acquired or is selected from a preexisting clone has been a matter of significant debate. In this study, we show that treatment with EGFR TKIs leads to activation of the NFκB pathway, which in turn induces expression of activation-induced cytidine deaminase (AICDA). In turn, AICDA causes deamination of 5-methylcytosine to thymine at position c.2369 to generate the T790M mutation. Pharmacologic inhibition of the NFκB pathway or knockout of AICDA decreased the frequency or prevented the development of T790M mutation, respectively. In addition, patients treated with first-line EGFR TKI displayed increased expression of AICDA and detection of the T790M mutation upon progression. These results identify the mechanism of T790M acquisition and present an opportunity to target the process to delay or prevent it. SIGNIFICANCE: These findings identify the mechanism behind acquisition of a common resistance mutation to TKI treatment in lung cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Najwa El Kadi
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Luo Wang
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - April Davis
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | | | - Alexander Cooke
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Varun Vadnala
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Noah A Brown
- Department of Pathology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Bryan L Betz
- Department of Pathology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Marilia Cascalho
- Department of Surgery (MIC), University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | | | - Khaled A Hassan
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan.
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